218:(APMC). According to their agreement as described in the 2018 report by the Office of the Auditor General of Alberta, the APMC—which is responsible for the implementation of Alberta's Bitumen Royalty-in-Kind (BRIK) policy and processing agreements, has a financial obligation to supply 75% of feedstock to the refinery, take on 75% of the funding commitment of toll obligation, and 75% of subordinated debt. The toll obligation which the pays, is a processing fee or toll for each barrel of bitumen refined. This includes an operating toll, a debt toll, an equity toll, and an incentive fee. The original assessment included a capital cost cap of $ 6.5 billion. In return, APMC can collect Bitumen Royalty-in-Kind (BRIK) when the refinery is fully operational. Under the agreement, Canadian Natural Resources Partnership (CNR), which is 100% owned by Canadian Natural Resources Limited (CNRL), and which has 50% ownership of North West Redwater Partnership (NWRP), provides 25% of feedstock and 25% toll obligation.
226:"many of the risks as if it were building the refinery as a 75 per cent tollpayer in this arrangement". The APMC has only one vote representing 25% of decision-making power in the partnership, while the two private companies together hold 75% of the decision-making power. In contrast, in regards to the $ CDN26 billion in toll payments to be made over a thirty-year period APMC is responsible for 75% while CNRL is responsible for the rest. Because of the "unconditional nature of the debt component of the toll payments", a "substantial amount of the risk was transferred to the province" when APMC entered into these agreement.
435:, had to begin to pay "75 per cent of the debt-servicing costs related to financing of the project." Even though no revenue had been generated for Alberta by the Sturgeon Refinery, the Alberta Petroleum Marketing Commission (APMC)—a Crown corporation responsible for the "implementation of BRIK policy, processing agreements", had "been making payments averaging $ 27 million a month related to the financing" the $ 9.9-billion Sturgeon Refinery, which represents approximately "$ 466 million in debt-servicing costs" since 2018—tied to the government's "commitments" to the project.
460:(UCP) provincial government is responsible for continuing the debt-servicing costs that have been paid since June 2018, as well as an added cost of "debt principal repayments of about $ 21 million a month, on top of the debt-servicing costs," starting in June 2020. This increase in payments comes against the backdrop of the collapse of global oil prices precipitated by interconnecting and unprecedented global events—the
230:
and the APMC acknowledged that taking bitumen-in-kind was neither "practical or cost-efficient", the APMC entered into contracts with bitumen suppliers to provide the 75% feedstock to fulfill their commitment to the refinery. In effect, the APMC is purchasing bitumen instead of collecting bitumen-in-kind royalties.
294:-pipeline which came online on June 2, 2020, is part of NWRP's Sturgeon refinery system. The ACTL is a "major carbon capture project", according to the NWRP, and is the Alberta's "largest carbon capture and storage system". The ACTL, which was partially financed through federal government programs and the
373:
The 2007 Alberta
Royalty Framework identified the need for a Bitumen Royalty-in-Kind (BRIK) option, allowing the government to choose how the Crown could collect its bitumen royalty share of "conventional crude oil production"—in cash or in kind. Through BRIK, the Crown could use its share of bitumen
209:
announced that the province of
Alberta had acquired a 50% "equity stake" in the Sturgeon Refinery through the APMC, which now owns the "stake previously owned by Calgary-based North West Refining Inc." In the Financial Post article reporting the acquisition, the refinery was described as "over-budget
423:
upgraded
Alberta oilsands feedstock, and by November 2018, was producing about 35,000 to 40,000 barrels per day of diesel. The heavily discounted price of "stranded Alberta heavy oil" resulted in deep discounts for the refineries feedstock—as much as US$ 30 per barrel less than usual. In 2017, NWRP
247:
The 2017, Alberta's
Industrial Heartland Association's website, listed NWRP's Sturgeon Refiner as one of the major energy projects in the Heartland—"Canada’s largest hydrocarbon processing center" with over forty companies. The Heartland's geographic region encompasses its 5 five municipal partners,
618:
Funding included up to $ CDN305 million from CPPIB, $ CDN63 million from the "Government of Canada's "Federal EcoETI Program and the
Federal Clean Energy Fund Program". Alberta approved "$ CDN223 million in "construction funding" through Alberta's Carbon Capture and Storage Funding Act (2009). See
354:
royalty rates and formulas had "not kept pace with changes in the resource base and world energy markets" and as a result, Albertans, who own their natural resources, were not receiving their "fair share" from energy development. In 2008, the global price of oil reached its peak all-time high of $
229:
The AG's report described the arrangement between
Alberta's provincial government and the NWRP, as "high-benefit" and "high-risk"—a "$ 26 billion commitment on behalf of the government to supply bitumen feedstock to the NWR Sturgeon refinery over a thirty year period. When the Department of Energy
225:
A February 2018 report by the Office of the
Auditor General of Alberta entitled "APMC Management of Agreement to Process Bitumen at the Sturgeon Refinery", said that the original agreement between the Alberta government and North West Redwater Partnership (NWRP) resulted in the province taking on
384:
The only proposal was that submitted by North West
Upgrading LP (NWU). After receiving a report from the NWU proposal evaluation team in April 2010, which warned that the agreement placed a "disproportionate risk" on Alberta's government, the NWRP and AMPC agreement was signed in February 2011.
221:
North West
Refining Inc. owns the other half of North West Redwater Partnership (NWRP) through two subsidiaries—North West Upgrading LP (NWU) and North West Phase One Inc. The North West Redwater Holding Corporation and the NWR Financing Company Lts are both 100% owned by North West Redwater
415:
By May 2017, the expected completion date was delayed until June 2018. As a result, the
Ministry of Energy updated the estimate for the refinery's capital cost to $ 9.4 billion. The delay and resulting cost increases represented an additional $ CDN95 million loan to NWRP by the APMC.
213:
Previously, the NWRP/Sturgeon Refinery Contractual and Ownership Structure consisted of three main parties who entered into a public private partnership agreement—Canadian Natural Resources, North West Refining Inc and the Government of Alberta's Crown corporation,
578:
Following the publication of the AOG's February 2018 report, TransCanada cancelled the Energy East Pipeline project which was the second high-benefit, high-risk public private partnership arrangement between the Government of Alberta and the energy industry. See
388:
A private consortium North West Redwater Partnership (NWRP) was "selected to construct and operate" the Sturgeon Refinery. Originally the estimate for capital costs for the project was $ 5.7 billion By 2011, the estimate had increased to $ 6.5 billion.
483:
APMC reported in its annual 2020 report on the loans and agreements with NWRP's Sturgeon Refinery project, that the NWRP's Sturgeon Refinery project, had a "negative $ CDN2.52 billion net present value" based mainly on "pricing and on-stream factor".
326:. Other finished products include "high quality recycled and manufactured diluents" used in the process of extracting bitumen in Alberta, "pure naptha", used in "petrochemical processes or as part of the manufactured diluent pool", "low sulphur"
411:
was passed, allowing the Minister of Energy to provide loans to projects, like the NWRP's Sturgeon Refinery. When the APMC, the NWU and CNRL reached an amended agreement in April 2014, the APMC providing a $ CDN324 million loan to NWRP.
449:, announced that the Sturgeon Refinery was fully operational and had reached commercial operations, as the transition from "primarily processing synthetic crude feedstock to bitumen feedstock" had been successful.
1235:
438:
By March 2020, due to start up issues, the refinery was not "processing the government’s bitumen at the facility — or generating revenue for the province from its refining operations" according to a
1323:
938:
620:
381:
On July 21, 2009 Stelmach's provincial government released a BRIK Request for Proposals (RFP) to "procure a long-term contract to process or purchase a share of royalty volumes of bitumen".
302:
from industrial emitters in the Industrial Heartland region, like the Sturgeon refinery, and transports it to "central and southern Alberta for secure storage" in "aging reservoirs", and
374:
royalties "strategically", to "enhance Alberta’s value-add activities such as upgrading, refining, and petrochemical development", to Alberta's economy, and to hedge risks in the
233:
During construction, the APMC CEO and some staff managed the contract itself; NWRP, with its 400 staff members, oversaw the actual construction and "risk management activities".
788:
370:
had commissioned, the Alberta government enacted new regulations under the provincial Alberta Mines and Minerals Act at that were identified in the Alberta Royalty Framework.
392:
In 2012, the construction of Phase 1 of the Sturgeon Refinery was sanctioned. In its announcement, NWRP said that the refinery was to be built, owned and operated by NWRP.
1483:
1443:
453:
363:
189:
announced on July 6, 2021, that the province of Alberta had acquired NWRP's equity stake, representing 50% of the $ 10-billion project, with the other 50% owned by
1181:
1092:
1458:
1360:
473:
424:
proceeded with phase one of the refinery capable of upgrading bitumen at a rate of 50,000 barrels a day. with the cost estimated at $ CDN9.7 billion.
1463:
1413:
1453:
215:
1334:
295:
1473:
1448:
64:
1129:"Fort McMurray braces for impact of oil price drop: Spectre of coming cutbacks sends a chill over city sometimes called Fort McMoney"
1128:
634:
356:
909:
883:
242:
182:
480:
called—"the greatest challenge" in Alberta's "modern history, threatening its main industry and wreaking havoc on its finances."
287:
1292:
1387:
166:
1488:
57:
1329:. Annual Report of the Government of Alberta (Report). President of Treasury Board, Minister of Finance. 2020. p. 241.
1468:
1066:
759:
1185:
1103:
493:
1414:"Alberta Premier Kenney sees negative oil prices, $ 20-billion deficit in 'the greatest challenge of our generation'"
540:
162:
104:
554:
544:
277:
202:
190:
115:
457:
446:
359:, oil prices had plummeted to $ 32 a barrel resulting in "the cancellation of many energy projects" in Alberta.
1478:
550:
1009:
Our Fair Share: Report of the Alberta Royalty Review Panel To the Honourable Lyle Oberg, Minister of Finance
599:
469:
323:
1008:
884:"1.2 billion CO2 pipeline from Industrial Heartland to depleted oilfields in central Alberta comes online"
347:
939:"Enhance Energy and Wolf Midstream Sign Agreement to Finance and Construct the Alberta Carbon Trunk Line"
672:
303:
428:
789:"Varcoe: Alberta now owns part of an oil refinery, another stake in a mega-project for the province"
591:
603:
521:
319:
1036:
595:
378:. Under the new royalty formulas, the government had anticipated revenue of $ 2 billion annually.
465:
346:
The September 18, 2007 Alberta government commissioned report, entitled "Our Fair Share", by the
1265:
983:
1361:"Delays at Alberta's first new refinery in 3 decades add to woes over heavy oil price discount"
1330:
954:
525:
515:
511:
507:
461:
257:
249:
50:
442:
article. By March 2020, the capital costs of the project had climbed to about $ 10 billion.
375:
966:
536:
445:
It took fifteen years, but in May 2020 founder, president and CEO of North West Refining,
420:
261:
170:
732:
395:
Originally, the Sturgeon upgrader was supposed to be fully operational by October 2016.
1152:
673:"Province's costs on long-delayed Sturgeon refinery expected to soar 55% in new budget"
607:
580:
299:
298:(CPPIB), is owned and operated by Enhance Energy and Wolf Midstream. The ACTL captures
1210:
1437:
558:
432:
427:
Because of the onerous obligations under the agreement, in June 2018, the provincial
253:
529:
501:
497:
477:
404:
206:
186:
161:
is an 80,000 bbl/d (13,000 m/d) crude oil upgrader—built and operated by
818:
367:
327:
853:
456:
government with North West Redwater Partnership (NWRP) in 2009, the current
79:
66:
314:
According to NWR Sturgeon refinery's website, operations include upgrading
265:
174:
733:
APMC Management of Agreement to Process Bitumen at the Sturgeon Refinery
351:
335:
315:
178:
40:
331:
30:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1067:"This 'Bitumen Boondoggle' is costing Alberta taxpayers billions"
877:
875:
760:"This 'Bitumen Boondoggle' is costing Alberta taxpayers billions"
1266:"Billions Forgone: The Decline in Alberta Oil and Gas Royalties"
547:
and North West Refineries), 80,000 bbl/d (13,000 m/d)
666:
664:
662:
660:
658:
656:
654:
652:
330:", that can be used as "intermediate feedstock in refineries",
1287:
1285:
978:
976:
848:
846:
844:
842:
840:
838:
836:
635:
Oil projects that shut down in 2008, had not resumed by 2015
910:"New Alberta carbon capture project now fully operational"
205:
Ltd. and the Alberta government. On July 6, 2021 Premier
169:
with the Alberta provincial government. It is located in
419:
In 2017, Sturgeon Refinery began producing diesel from
782:
780:
1182:
Oil Sands Royalty Regulation, 2009, Alta Reg 223/2008
1093:"Causes and Consequences of the Oil Shock of 2007–08"
1031:
1029:
727:
725:
723:
721:
719:
717:
715:
713:
932:
930:
711:
709:
707:
705:
703:
701:
699:
697:
695:
693:
1293:"Morton: Sturgeon refinery costs continue to mount"
598:replaced him. Peter Watson was APMC chair in 2011,
201:The Sturgeon refinery is owned and operated by the
140:
132:
124:
111:
100:
95:
56:
46:
36:
26:
1355:
1353:
606:from 2014 to 2016 and Coleen Volk from 2016. See
1236:A l b e r ta oil sands industry Quarterly Update
355:USD145 a barrel, but later in 2008, during the
454:Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta
364:Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta
1230:
1228:
594:served as APMC CEO from 2012 until 2017 when
8:
1388:"Sturgeon Refinery deemed fully operational"
452:Because of the agreement made by the former
21:
1205:
1203:
858:Alberta’s Industrial Heartland Association
20:
1014:(Report). September 18, 2007. p. 104
290:(ACTL), a 240 kilometres (150 mi) CO
737:Office of the Auditor General of Alberta
1484:Energy infrastructure completed in 2020
1444:Energy infrastructure completed in 2012
648:
571:
561:), 142,000 bbl/d (22,600 m/d)
532:), 191,000 bbl/d (30,400 m/d)
518:), 114,000 bbl/d (18,100 m/d)
1046:(Report). October 27, 2007. p. 23
962:
952:
937:Inc, Wolf Midstream (August 2, 2018).
813:
811:
809:
474:2020 Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war
362:In response to Review, which the then
216:Alberta Petroleum Marketing Commission
504:), 30,000 bbl/d (4,800 m/d)
7:
758:Leach, Andrew (September 14, 2020).
403:In January 2014, under then Premier
296:Canada Pension Plan Investment Board
1459:Buildings and structures in Alberta
1065:Leach, Andrew (September 4, 2020).
739:(Report). February 2018. p. 30
136:80,000 bbl/d (13,000 m/d)
1153:Petroleum Royalty Regulation, 2009
908:Heidenreich, Phil (June 2, 2020).
409:Building New Petroleum Markets Act
14:
1127:Reith, Terry (January 17, 2015),
1418:National Post via Bloomberg News
288:Alberta Carbon Trunk Line System
272:Carbon capture and storage (CCS)
1412:Orland, Kevin (April 7, 2020).
1386:Morey, Lindsay (May 22, 2020).
1365:The Canadian Press via CBC News
671:Varcoe, Chris (March 5, 2020).
541:North West Redwater Partnership
399:2014 APMC $ CDN324 loan to NWRP
163:North West Redwater Partnership
105:North West Redwater Partnership
1464:2011 establishments in Alberta
787:Varcoe, Chris (July 6, 2021).
243:Alberta's Industrial Heartland
237:Alberta’s Industrial Heartland
183:Alberta's Industrial Heartland
141:
1:
1454:Petroleum industry in Alberta
882:Labine, Jeff (June 2, 2020).
357:financial crisis of 2007–2008
120:North West Refining Inc. 50%
1264:Roy, Jim (April 23, 2015),
1091:Hamilton, James D. (2009),
494:Husky Lloydminster Refinery
16:Bitumen processing facility
1505:
1474:Bituminous sands of Canada
1245:(Report). 2009. p. 16
545:Canadian Natural Resources
278:Carbon capture and storage
275:
240:
203:Canadian Natural Resources
197:Ownership and organization
191:Canadian Natural Resources
167:public-private partnership
116:Canadian Natural Resources
1449:Oil refineries in Alberta
1211:"Bitumen Royalty-In-Kind"
1037:The New Royalty Framework
462:2020 coronavirus pandemic
458:United Conservative Party
350:panel had concluded that
250:City of Fort Saskatchewan
551:Suncor Edmonton Refinery
286:, the $ CDN1.2 billion,
470:2020 stock market crash
324:ultra-low-sulfur diesel
144: of employees
1184:. 2008. Archived from
602:from 2012 until 2014,
348:Alberta Royalty Review
210:and behind-schedule".
1489:Government of Alberta
1243:Government of Alberta
1160:Government of Alberta
1100:Brookings Institution
988:NWR Sturgeon Refinery
984:"High Value Products"
304:enhanced oil recovery
159:NWR Sturgeon Refinery
1469:Petroleum technology
431:(NDP) under Premier
429:New Democratic Party
328:vacuum gas oil (VGO)
222:Partnership (NWRP).
80:53.8388°N 113.1258°W
1367:. November 14, 2018
1109:on January 18, 2016
535:Sturgeon Refinery,
522:Strathcona Refinery
320:Athabasca oil sands
76: /
23:
1392:Sherwood Park News
1270:Parkland Institute
965:has generic name (
941:. Calgary, Alberta
466:COVID-19 recession
85:53.8388; -113.1258
1336:978-1-4601-4822-8
854:"The Opportunity"
819:"Enhancing Value"
555:Strathcona County
526:Strathcona County
516:Shell Oil Company
512:Strathcona County
508:Scotford Upgrader
258:Strathcona County
155:Sturgeon Refinery
151:
150:
51:Redwater, Alberta
22:Sturgeon Refinery
1496:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1383:
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1348:
1347:
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1328:
1320:
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1149:
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1108:
1102:, archived from
1097:
1088:
1082:
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1079:
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1055:
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1051:
1041:
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920:
905:
899:
898:
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888:Edmonton Journal
879:
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749:
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746:
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729:
688:
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685:
683:
668:
637:
632:
626:
616:
610:
589:
583:
576:
476:, which Premier
376:commodity market
306:(EOR) projects.
266:City of Edmonton
143:
96:Refinery details
91:
90:
88:
87:
86:
81:
77:
74:
73:
72:
69:
24:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1479:Sturgeon County
1434:
1433:
1432:
1422:
1420:
1411:
1410:
1406:
1396:
1394:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1370:
1368:
1359:
1358:
1351:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1326:
1322:
1321:
1312:
1302:
1300:
1299:. July 18, 2017
1291:
1290:
1283:
1274:
1272:
1263:
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1246:
1238:
1234:
1233:
1226:
1216:
1214:
1209:
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1201:
1191:
1189:
1188:on May 12, 2010
1180:
1179:
1175:
1165:
1163:
1155:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1137:
1135:
1126:
1125:
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1112:
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1073:
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1059:
1049:
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1034:
1027:
1017:
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1007:
1006:
1002:
992:
990:
982:
981:
974:
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951:
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942:
936:
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928:
918:
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892:
890:
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873:
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851:
834:
824:
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742:
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731:
730:
691:
681:
679:
670:
669:
650:
646:
641:
640:
633:
629:
617:
613:
590:
586:
577:
573:
568:
537:Sturgeon County
490:
421:synthetic crude
401:
344:
312:
293:
280:
274:
262:Sturgeon County
245:
239:
199:
171:Sturgeon County
119:
84:
82:
78:
75:
70:
67:
65:
63:
62:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1502:
1500:
1492:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1430:
1404:
1378:
1349:
1335:
1310:
1297:Calgary Herald
1281:
1256:
1224:
1199:
1173:
1144:
1119:
1083:
1057:
1044:Energy Alberta
1025:
1000:
972:
926:
900:
871:
832:
805:
793:Financial Post
776:
750:
689:
677:Calgary Herald
647:
645:
642:
639:
638:
627:
611:
592:Richard Masson
584:
570:
569:
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563:
562:
548:
533:
519:
505:
489:
486:
440:Calgary Herald
400:
397:
343:
340:
311:
308:
300:carbon dioxide
291:
276:Main article:
273:
270:
241:Main article:
238:
235:
198:
195:
149:
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145:
138:
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98:
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60:
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48:
44:
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28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1501:
1490:
1487:
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1439:
1419:
1415:
1408:
1405:
1397:September 14,
1393:
1389:
1382:
1379:
1371:September 14,
1366:
1362:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1342:September 14,
1338:
1332:
1325:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1303:September 14,
1298:
1294:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1271:
1267:
1260:
1257:
1249:September 14,
1244:
1237:
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1217:September 14,
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1038:
1032:
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1004:
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993:September 14,
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