Knowledge (XXG)

Sub-Cambrian peneplain

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Lundmark, Anders Mattias; Lamminen, Jarkko (2016). "The provenance and setting of the Mesoproterozoic Dala Sandstone, western Sweden, and paleogeographic implications for southwestern Fennoscandia".
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Japsen, Peter; Green, Paul F.; Bonow, Johan M.; Erlström, Mikael (2016). "Episodic burial and exhumation of the southern Baltic Shield: Epeirogenic uplifts during and after break-up of Pangaea".
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the peneplain tilts west and north respectively. This is reflected in that the southeastern part of the lake is very shallow but gets progressively deeper towards the northwest. In
528:; Bonow, Johan M.; Japsen, Peter (2013). "Stratigraphic Landscape Analysis and geomorphological paradigms: Scandinavia as an example of Phanerozoic uplift and subsidence". 179:
plateau in Norway is the Sub-Cambrian peneplain has been uplifted at least thousand meters, albeit Hardangervidda itself is part of a much younger peneplain formed in the
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of the East European Platform freed it in geologically recent times. Further southeast a series of burried inselbergs on top the peneplain have been identified through
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Nielsen, Arne Thorshøj; Schovsbo, Niels Hemmingsen (2011). "The Lower Cambrian of Scandinavia: Depositional environment, sequence stratigraphy and palaeogeography".
322:. The basement rocks forming the peneplain surface were exhumed from depths where the temperature was in excess of 100 °C prior to the formation of peneplain. 970:"Automatic identification of topographic surfaces related to the sub-Cambrian peneplain (SCP) in southern Norway—Surface generation algorithms and implications" 88:
The Sub-Cambrian peneplain extends as an almost continuous belt along the eastern coast of Sweden for some 700 km from north to south. Near Stockholm and
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parts of this peneplain are extraordinarily flat with relief of less than 20 m. The overlying cover rocks demonstrate that the peneplain was flooded by
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have likely never been recycled. This means the parent rocks of the sandstone were eroded and the sediment strongly reworked and weathered reaching
1137:"A large array of inselbergs on a continuation of the sub-Cambrian peneplain in the Baltic Basin: evidence from seismic data, Western Lithuania" 851:
Plains, steps, hilly relief and valleys in northern Sweden – review, interpretations and implications for conclusions on Phanerozoic tectonics
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during the Early Paleozoic. Being the oldest identifiable peneplain in its area the Sub-Cambrian peneplain qualifies as a primary peneplain.
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in changing configurations. The new relief formed on top of Cambrian sediments smoothed out irregularities in the peneplain. Early Cambrian
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and to the east in eastern Småland. At this last region the sub-Cambrian peneplain is truncated to the west by a well defined and prominent
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where it is dissected by joint valleys. The Sub-Cambrian peneplain in the crestal region of the South Swedish Dome is the highest step in a
1292:"Provenance and sedimentary processes controlling the formation of lower Cambrian quartz arenite along the southwestern margin of Baltica" 1909: 669:"The South Swedish Dome: a key structure for identification of peneplains and conclusions on Phanerozoic tectonics of an ancient shield" 96:
is the Sub-Cambrian peneplain is both highly uplifted and eroded. More inland the peneplain can be traced at the crestal region of the
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peneplain from this period has been preserved. The low relief terrain on which the Jotnian sandstone deposited was disturbed by the
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Hall, Adrian M.; Krabbendam, Maarten; van Boeckel, Mikis; Hättestrand, Clas; Ebert, Karin; Heyman, Jakob (2019-12-01).
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The sub-Cambrian unconformity in Västergötland, Sweden: Reference surface for Pleistocene glacial erosion of basement
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Lidmar-Bergström, Karna (1993). "Denudation surfaces and tectonics in the southernmost part of the Baltic Shield".
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Lorentzen, Sanne; Augustsson, Carita; Nystuen, Johan P.; Bernd, Jasper; Jahren, Jens; Schovsbo, Niels H. (2018).
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in western Sweden about 1,000 million years ago and then begun to erode again into a terrain of subdued relief.
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the peneplain extends further west being 450 km wide from west to east. Immediately east and south of lake
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laterally close to the exhumed parts of the peneplain and also close to the buried parts of the peneplain.
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with no other in-between step or hiatus. The source areas for these sandstones are local rocks from the
281: 241: 152: 1233:"Ediacaran to early Cambrian weathering of the Kautokeino Greenstone Belt in Finnmark, northern Norway" 187: 1002: 252:
sediments that rests above much of the peneplain. The peneplain is characterized by a general lack of
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is thought to have been an important process of erosion leading to the formation of extensive
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Bjørlykke, Arne; Rueslåtten, Håkon; Van der Lelij, Roelant; Schønenberger, Jasmin (2022).
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is a continuation of the peneplain. To the east the Sub-Cambrian peneplain continues as an
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Jarsve, Erlend M.; Krøgli, Svein Olav; Etzelmüller, Bernd; Gabrielsen, Roy H. (2014).
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Extraordinary flat surfaces of the Sub-Cambrian peneplain around the shores of Lake
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publishing the first extensive map in 1954. This mapping has been improved upon by
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Japsen, Peter; Green, Paul F.; Chalmers, James A.; Bonow, Johan M. (17 May 2018).
686: 597:; Finkl Jr., Charles W. (1980). "Cratonic erosion unconformities and peneplains". 1309: 1782: 1723: 1698: 1647: 1637: 1473: 474: 265: 249: 148: 1136: 1743: 1693: 1538: 1514: 1408: 261: 117: 105: 93: 89: 28: 1197:
Bingen, Bernard; Andersson, Jenny; Söderlund, Ulf; Möller, Charlotte (2008).
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in Norway have been interpreted to be part of the peneplain that has been
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plateau in the Norway is believed to be an uplifted part of the peneplain
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with a preceding brief valley phase and that it grades down to a former
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Grendaitė, Milda; Michelevičius, Dainius; Radzevičius, Sigitas (2022).
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imply that much of the Baltic Shield have had faint relief since the
53:. Eastward, where this peneplain dips below Cambrian and other Lower 46: 1153: 969: 780:(1995). "Relief and saprolites through time on the Baltic Shield". 612: 565:(1988). "Denudation surfaces of a shield area in southern Sweden". 373: 315:
The peneplain formed after 600 million years ago but prior to the
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very large areas were swiftly flooded forming large and shallow
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the peneplain is densely dissected by joint valleys and at the
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Lidmar-Bergström, Karna; Olvmo, Mats; Bonow, Johan M. (2017).
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This is known from borehole explorations and seismic profiles.
723:; Japsen, Peter; Bonow, Johan M.; Chalmers, James A. (2013). 396:
The flatness of the peneplain meant that during the Cambrian
334:. Due to the absence of land vegetation in Precambrian times 841: 839: 520: 518: 155:, there is some uncertainty over whether the hilltops are 42:) that has been exhumed and exposed by erosion from under 629:(1996). "Long term morphotectonic evolution in Sweden". 276:
after its formation. Blå Jungfrun remained buried until
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the peneplain is roughly coeval with the formation of
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Amantov, Aleksey; Feldskaar, Willy (March 26, 2015).
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and co-workers assume the peneplain formed through a
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in northern Sweden the peneplain occur, as result of
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it never exceeds a few meters in depth. In Norway's
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Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin
495:There have been suggestions of the existence of an 194:, at about 650 meters giving origin to a series of 224:and island formed in connection to the peneplain. 1285: 1283: 809: 807: 805: 171:and is apparently disrupted by NNE-SSW trending 38:is an ancient, extremely flat, erosion surface ( 714: 712: 710: 708: 706: 704: 502:peneplain. This has, however, not been proved. 366:with marine sedimentary rock of Cambrian age. 1337: 1199:"The Mesoproterozoic in the Nordic countries" 8: 934: 932: 772: 770: 768: 766: 408:overlying the peneplain in southern Norway, 662: 660: 658: 656: 654: 557: 555: 553: 1533: 1431: 1344: 1330: 1322: 1216: 1152: 742: 264:which is an ancient inselberg formed in 159:. A similar situation occurs in central 16:Ancient, extremely flat, erosion surface 1078:"Det subkambriske peneplanet i Baltika" 514: 466: 1247:https://dx.doi.org/10.17850/njg102-3-1 1046:"Finland: Terrängformer och berggrund" 256:. One exception to this is the island 7: 68:The surface was first identified by 473:The scarp can be observed east of 14: 1116:(in Swedish). Cydonia Development 1054:(in Swedish). Cydonia Development 1007:Journal of the Geological Society 892:(in Swedish). Cydonia Development 1778:Central Skåne Volcanic Province 1274:10.1016/j.earscirev.2010.12.004 1218:10.18814/epiiugs/2008/v31i1/005 1184:10.1016/j.precamres.2016.01.003 544:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2012.10.015 362:up to 15 m below the surface's 1859:Transscandinavian Igneous Belt 988:10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.12.032 581:10.1080/04353676.1988.11880265 422:Transscandinavian Igneous Belt 1: 687:10.1080/11035897.2017.1364293 163:. Further west, parts of the 151:, at the northern end of the 1310:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2017.08.008 1238:Norwegian Journal of Geology 955:10.1016/0301-9268(93)90086-H 796:10.1016/0169-555X(94)00076-4 645:10.1016/0169-555X(95)00083-H 228:In northwestern Finland the 72:in a 1910 publication, with 858:Geological Survey of Sweden 531:Global and Planetary Change 248:to erosion and the load of 120:that separates it from the 1936: 1910:Geology of European Russia 1834:Blekinge-Bornholm Province 1788:Kattsund-Koster dyke swarm 1444:Billingen terminal moraine 1582:Sorgenfrei-Tornquist Zone 1562:Nordfjord-Sogn Detachment 1419:Sub-Mesozoic hilly relief 244:. This deformation is an 157:remnants of the peneplain 1844:Scandinavian Caledonides 1587:South Finland Shear Zone 1505:Jotnian sedimentary rock 830:10.1016/j.gr.2015.06.005 627:Lidmar-Bergströrm, Karna 175:. Near the 1,100 m high 1854:Sveconorwegian Province 1684:Central Swedish lowland 1469:Skövde terminal moraine 1394:South Småland peneplain 1353:Geology of Fennoscandia 1104:Lidmar-Bergström, Karna 880:Lidmar-Bergström, Karna 847:Lidmar-Bergström, Karna 778:Lidmar-Bergström, Karna 744:10.34194/geusb.v30.4673 721:Lidmar-Bergström, Karna 526:Lidmar-Bergström, Karna 141:Central Swedish lowland 122:South Småland peneplain 1808:Särna Alkaline Complex 1793:Kola Alkaline Province 1729:Scandinavian Mountains 1414:Sub-Cambrian peneplain 884:"Sydsvenska höglandet" 849:; Olvmo, Mats (2015). 600:The Journal of Geology 393: 370:Sedimentary rock cover 324:Karna Lidmar-Bergström 310:Sveconorwegian orogeny 238:East European Platform 225: 136: 112:, to the northeast in 78:Karna Lidmar-Bergström 49:over large swathes of 36:sub-Cambrian peneplain 31: 1869:Western Gneiss Region 1849:Svecofennian Province 1822:Provinces and orogens 1813:Satakunta dyke swarms 1749:White Sea Rift System 1261:Earth-Science Reviews 595:Fairbridge, Rhodes W. 377: 216: 169:tectonically uplifted 130: 22: 1689:Gulf of Bothnia rift 1596:Large impact craters 1495:Alum Shale Formation 1171:Precambrian Research 1141:Geological Quarterly 1113:Nationalencyklopedin 1051:Nationalencyklopedin 942:Precambrian Research 889:Nationalencyklopedin 751:on 24 September 2015 418:sedimentary maturity 1829:Belomorian Province 1389:Ostrobothnian Plain 1297:Sedimentary Geology 1019:10.1144/jgs2017-157 568:Geografiska Annaler 296:Interpretations of 230:Ostrobothnian Plain 198:including those of 1920:Planation surfaces 1739:South Swedish Dome 1699:Lake Ladoga graben 1013:(5): jgs2017–157. 394: 282:seismic reflection 246:isostatic response 226: 153:Swedish West Coast 137: 98:South Swedish Dome 32: 1905:Erosion landforms 1877: 1876: 1803:Rapakivi granites 1757: 1756: 1694:Lake Inari graben 1618:Hummeln structure 1523: 1522: 1428:Sedimentary cover 1042:Lundqvist, Thomas 817:Gondwana Research 298:Jotnian sandstone 80:since the 1980s. 57:cover rocks. The 1927: 1895:Cambrian geology 1714:Norrland terrain 1534: 1510:Reusch's Moraine 1488:Sedimentary rock 1432: 1346: 1339: 1332: 1323: 1314: 1313: 1287: 1278: 1277: 1268:(3–4): 207–310. 1255: 1249: 1229: 1223: 1222: 1220: 1194: 1188: 1187: 1165: 1159: 1158: 1156: 1132: 1126: 1125: 1123: 1121: 1100: 1094: 1093: 1091: 1089: 1073: 1064: 1063: 1061: 1059: 1037: 1031: 1030: 998: 992: 991: 965: 959: 958: 949:(1–4): 337–345. 936: 927: 926: 924: 923: 917: 908: 902: 901: 899: 897: 876: 870: 869: 867: 865: 855: 843: 834: 833: 811: 800: 799: 774: 761: 760: 758: 756: 747:. Archived from 746: 719:Green, Paul F.; 716: 699: 698: 664: 649: 648: 623: 617: 616: 591: 585: 584: 563:Lidmar-Bergström 559: 548: 547: 522: 503: 493: 487: 484: 478: 471: 455:Norrland terrain 328:cycle of erosion 1935: 1934: 1930: 1929: 1928: 1926: 1925: 1924: 1890:Cambrian Europe 1880: 1879: 1878: 1873: 1864:Timanide Orogen 1817: 1753: 1677:Morphostrucures 1672: 1591: 1519: 1483: 1464:Sevetti moraine 1423: 1404:200 m peneplain 1399:300 m peneplain 1355: 1350: 1319: 1317: 1289: 1288: 1281: 1257: 1256: 1252: 1230: 1226: 1196: 1195: 1191: 1167: 1166: 1162: 1154:10.7306/gq.1633 1134: 1133: 1129: 1119: 1117: 1102: 1101: 1097: 1087: 1085: 1082:geoforskning.no 1075: 1074: 1067: 1057: 1055: 1040:Behrens, Sven; 1039: 1038: 1034: 1000: 999: 995: 967: 966: 962: 938: 937: 930: 921: 919: 915: 910: 909: 905: 895: 893: 878: 877: 873: 863: 861: 853: 845: 844: 837: 813: 812: 803: 776: 775: 764: 754: 752: 718: 717: 702: 666: 665: 652: 625: 624: 620: 593: 592: 588: 561: 560: 551: 524: 523: 516: 512: 507: 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Index


Vänern
Kinnekulle
peneplain
Cambrian
strata
Fennoscandia
Paleozoic
exposed
shallow seas
Arvid Högbom
Sten Rudberg
Karna Lidmar-Bergström
Hudiksvall
High Coast
South Swedish Dome
piedmonttreppen
Småland
Västergötland
Östergötland
scarp
South Småland peneplain

Hardangervidda
Central Swedish lowland
Vänern
Bohuslän
Swedish West Coast
remnants of the peneplain
Halland

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