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Submachine gun

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1157:"limited standard" or "substitute standard" long after the standardization of the M3/M3A1. Many Thompsons were distributed to the US-backed Nationalist Chinese armed forces as military aid before the fall of Chiang Kai-shek's government to Mao Zedong's communist forces at the end of the Chinese Civil War in 1949. (Thompsons had already been widely used throughout China since the 1920s, at a time when several Chinese warlords and their military factions running various parts of the fragmented country made purchases of the weapon and then subsequently produced many local copies.) US troops were surprised to encounter communist Chinese troops armed with Thompsons (among other captured US-made Nationalist Chinese and American firearms), especially during unexpected night assaults, which became a prominent Chinese combat tactic in the conflict. The gun's ability to deliver large quantities of short-range automatic assault fire proved very useful in both defense and assault during the early part of the war when it was constantly mobile and shifting back and forth. Many Chinese Thompsons were captured and placed into service with American soldiers and marines for the remaining period of the war. 852: 808: 1111:. This 9mm Parabellum submachine gun was a complete break with previous Beretta designs. It is a small, compact, very well made SMG and among the first to use a telescoping bolt design. The M12 was designed for mass production and was made largely of stamped steel and welded together. It is identified by its tubular shape receiver, double pistol grips, a side folding stock and the magazine housed in front of the trigger guard. The M12 uses the same magazines as the Model 38 series. 1084: 31: 996: 1207:. This 9mm Parabellum open-bolt, blowback-operated SMG has a telescoping bolt and is similar in appearance to the Uzi SMG. It has a vertical pistol-grip into which the magazine is inserted, a longer horizontal front grip area and a telescoping wire buttstock. The receiver is a squared stamped steel tube that partly nestles inside a large plastic molding (resembling a lower receiver) which contains the forward hand-grip, vertical pistol-grip and the 393: 594:. In the 1920s a new, more reliable box magazine was developed for the MP 18 to replace the older snail-drum magazines. In 1928 a new version of the MP 18, the MP 28, saw the light of day, it featured the new box magazine as standard, a bayonet lug and a single shot mode. The MP 28 was manufactured in Belgium and Spain and was widely exported from there, including to China and South America. Another variant based on the MP 18 was the 919: 366: 729:. The MP40 was lighter than the MP38. It also used more stamped parts, making it faster and cheaper to produce. The MP38 and MP40 were the first SMGs to use plastic furniture and a practical folding stock, which became standard for all future SMG designs. The Germans used a large number of captured Soviet PPSh-41 submachine guns, some were converted to fire 9mm Parabellum while others were used unmodified (the German 1166: 500: 774: 1340: 1131:(PVA) fighting in Korea received massive numbers of the PPSh-41, in addition to the North Korean Type 49 and the Chinese Type 50, which were both licensed copies of the PPSh-41 with small mechanical revisions. Though relatively inaccurate, the Chinese PPSh has a high rate of fire and was well-suited to the close-range firefights that typically occurred in that conflict, especially at night. 492: 1063: 698: 1481: 640: 1307: 303: 880: 1220: 1148:
stated: "on full automatic it sprayed a lot of bullets and most of the killing in Korea was done at very close ranges and it was done quickly—a matter of who responded faster. In situations like that it outclassed and outgunned what we had. A close-in patrol fight was over very quickly and usually we
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After World War II, "new submachine gun designs appeared almost every week to replace the admittedly rough and ready designs which had appeared during the war. Some (the better ones) survived, most rarely got past the glossy brochure stage." Most of these survivors were cheaper, easier, and faster to
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cartridge, which was about half as powerful as a standard Western 9mm Parabellum round. Production of the gun was even more inadequate: by the war's end, Japan had only manufactured about 7,500 of the Type 100, whereas Germany, America, and other countries in the war had produced well over a million
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submachine gun was developed for general use by the British armed forces, it was much cheaper and faster to make. Over 4 million Sten guns were made during World War II. The Sten was so cheap and easy to produce that towards the end of the war as their economic base approached crisis, Germany started
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the Soviets supplied four Thompsons to Estonian Communist militants; those were used against Estonian soldiers in a failed attempt to storm the Tallinn barracks. Some of the defenders were armed with the MP18s; and this was possibly the first engagement where submachine guns were used on both sides.
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The Thompson entered production as the M1921. It was available to civilians, but, because of the weapon's high price, initially saw poor sales. The Thompson (with one Type XX 20 round "stick" magazine) had been priced at $ 200 in 1921 (roughly equivalent to $ 3,416 in 2023). The Thompson was used
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to replace the hodgepodge of French, American, British, German, and Italian SMGs in French service after World War II. The 9 mm Parabellum MAT-49 is an inexpensive stamped-steel SMG with a telescoping wire stock, a pronounced folding magazine housing, and a grip safety. This "wildebeast-like design"
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in 1939. The Owen is a simple, highly reliable, open bolt, blowback SMG. It was designed to be fired either from the shoulder or the hip. It is easily recognisable, owing to its unconventional appearance, including a quick-release barrel and butt-stock, double pistol grips, top-mounted magazine, and
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had been in development at approximately the same time as the Bergmann and the Beretta. However, the war ended before prototypes could be shipped to Europe. Although it had missed its chance to be the first purpose-designed submachine gun to enter service, it became the basis for later weapons, and
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or "Grease Gun" in 1942, followed by the improved M3A1 in 1944. While the M3 was no more effective than the Tommy Gun, it was made primarily of stamped parts and welded together and could be produced much faster and at a fraction of the cost of a Thompson; its much lower rate of fire made it a lot
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Other older designs also saw use in the Korean War. The Thompson had seen much use by the U.S. and South Korean militaries, even though the Thompson had been replaced as standard-issue by the M3/M3A1. With huge numbers of guns available in army ordnance arsenals, the Thompson remained classed as
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with a design borrowing from and improving on many design elements of earlier submachine-gun designs. It has a tubular stamped steel receiver with a side folding stock. The m/45 was widely exported and especially popular with CIA operatives and U.S. special forces during the Vietnam War. In U.S.
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that extends forward wrapping around the barrel, and a vertical handgrip housing the magazine and trigger mechanism. The vz. 23 series was widely exported and especially popular in Africa and the Middle East with variants made by several countries. The vz. 23 inspired the development of the
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Solothurn. The MP 34 was manufactured from the very best materials available and finished to the highest possible standard. Consequently, its production costs were extremely high. It was adopted by the Austrian police and army in the 1930s, and they were taken over by the Germans after
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and other U.S. police forces themselves showed no reluctance to use and prominently display these weapons. Eventually, the submachine gun was gradually accepted by many military organizations, especially as World War II loomed, with many countries developing their own designs. The
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forces in defensive outposts or on patrol often had trouble returning a sufficient volume of fire when attacked by companies of infantry armed with the PPSh. Some U.S. infantry officers ranked the PPSh as the best combat weapon of the war: While lacking the accuracy of the U.S.
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often equipped every soldier with KP/-31s. The Suomi fired 9mm Parabellum ammunition from a 71-round drum magazine (although often loaded with 74 rounds). "This SMG showed the world the importance of the submachine gun in modern warfare", prompting the development, adoption and
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construction and was designed to be a more cost effective, lighter weight, and less complex design alternative to the MP5. The UMP has a side-folding stock and is available with four different trigger group configurations. It was also designed to use a wide range of
1249:. While these SMGs received enormous publicity, and were prominently displayed in films and television, they were not widely adopted by military or law enforcement agencies. These smaller weapons led other manufacturers to develop their own compact SMGs, such as the 670:(MAB 38) was not available in large numbers until 1943. The MAB 38 was made in a series of improved and simplified models all sharing the same basic layout. The MAB 38 has two triggers, the front for semi-auto and rear for full-auto. Most models use standard wooden 418:
In 1916, Heinrich Senn of Bern designed a modification of the Swiss Luger pistol to fire in single shots or in full-automatic. Around the same time Georg Luger demonstrated a similar Luger machine pistol which inspired the German Army to develop submachine guns.
1035:. These 9 mm Parabellum stamped steel SMGs featured a unique clamshell type design, a side-folding stock, and a grip safety on the magazine housing. The Madsen was widely exported and especially popular in Latin America, with variants made by several countries. 217:
There are some inconsistencies in the classification of submachine guns. British Commonwealth sources often refer to SMGs as "machine carbines". Other sources refer to SMGs as "machine pistols" because they fire pistol-caliber ammunition, for example, the
1211:, making the MPi 69 one of the first firearms to use a plastic construction in this way. It has a progressive trigger and is also unusual among modern SMGs, as the MPi 69 is cocked by a dual-purpose lever also used as the front sling attachment point. 744:
in large numbers against the Russians with devastating effect. Finnish ski troops became known for appearing out of the woods on one side of a road, raking Soviet columns with SMG fire and disappearing back into the woods on the other side. During the
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in a pistol caliber, lighter than a machine gun and shorter than a rifle. A common myth is that this weapon was originally designed as an aircraft gun. In reality ground use was taken into consideration from the very beginning, particularly for the
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The German military concluded that most firefights took place at ranges of no more than ~300 yd (270 m). They therefore sought to develop a new class of weapon that would combine the high volume of fire of the submachine gun with an
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unusual offset right-side-mounted sights. The Owen was the only entirely Australian-designed and constructed service submachine gun of World War II and was used by the Australian Army from 1943 until the mid-1960s, when it was replaced by the
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By the 1980s, the demand for new submachine guns was very low and could be easily met by existing makers with existing designs. However, following H&K's lead, other manufacturers began designing submachine guns based on their existing
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cartridge which can penetrate soft body armor. The FN P90 was designed to have a length no greater than an average-sized man's shoulder width, to allow it to be easily carried and maneuvered in tight spaces, such as the inside of an
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operated SMG and the overall aesthetics are identical to most M16 type rifles. The magazine well is modified using a special adapter to allow the use of the smaller 9mm magazines. The magazines themselves are a copy of the Israeli
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of September that year. The MP38 production was still just starting and only a few thousand were in service at the time. It proved to be far more practical and effective in close-quarters combat than the standard-issue German
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produced the 'miniature Maxim' which was a pistol-calibre Maxim machinegun weighing 27 lb (12.2 kg) that was sold in small quantities to various countries and tested by the US military but not adopted. In 1896, a
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design with the magazine housed in the pistol grip for a shorter weapon. The Uzi has become the most popular submachine gun in the world, with over 10 million units sold, more than any other submachine gun.
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SMGs, such as the Uzi. The MP5 is also one of the most widely used submachine guns in the world, having been adopted by 40 nations and numerous military, law enforcement, and security organizations.
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in response to their experience during the Winter War against Finland. The PPSh's 71-round drum magazine is a copy of the Suomi's. Later in the war they developed the even more readily mass-produced
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during the early 1960s. Battlefield reports of the lack of penetrative power of the 9mm Parabellum during this operation led to Sweden developing a more powerful 9 mm round designated "9mm m/39B".
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Colonel Bethel-Abiel Revelli had already conceived the principles of the submachine gun in September 1915, when he wrote that his gun could be converted to a single-barreled version that
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that enabled the shooter to place accurate shots at medium ranges (beyond that of the 100–200 yd (91–183 m) range of the typical submachine gun). After a false start with the
674:, although some models were fitted with an MP40-style under-folding stock and are commonly mistaken for it. The MAB 38 series was extremely robust and proved very popular with both 1655:"Submachine Guns (SMG's): Outpaced by Today's Modern Short-Barreled Rifles (SBR's)/Sub-Carbines, or Still a Viable Tool for Close Quarters Battle/Close Quarters Combat (CQB/CQC)?" 975:). In the years following the war, this new format began to replace the submachine gun in military use to a large extent. Based on the StG44, the Soviet Union created the 627:, about 10,000 were manufactured. It was exported to Spain, Mexico, China and Yugoslavia, but also used domestically by the SS, as well as being produced under license in 815:
Britain entered the war with no domestic submachine gun design but instead imported the expensive US M1928 Thompson. After evaluating their battlefield experience in the
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proved to be an extremely reliable and effective SMG and was used by the French well into the 1980s. It was also widely exported to Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.
456:, the first practical submachine gun. This weapon used the same 32-round snail-drum magazine as the Luger P-08. The MP 18 was used in significant numbers by German 895:) before the Fall of France in June 1940. Production was taken over by the occupying Germans, who used them for themselves and also put them into the hands of the 682:
troops (who used captured MAB 38s). It is considered the most successful and effective Italian small arm of World War II. During the later years of the war, the
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family of submachine guns. Futuristic in appearance, the KRISS uses an unconventional delayed blowback system combined with in-line design to reduce perceived
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rifle and offers a high degree of parts commonality with the AK-74. It is the standard submachine gun for all branches of Russian military and police forces.
154:. Submachine gun usage for frontline combat decreased in the 1980s and 1990s, and by the early 21st century, submachine guns have largely been replaced by 2773:
Tirans, Ivars (2009). "Baltic Defence Research and Technology 2009 Conference Proceedings". Military Review: Scientific Journal for Security and Defence (
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was another interwar German submachine gun, designed by the Bergmann brothers. It was exported to Sweden and Ethiopia and also saw extensive use in the
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have been manufactured with integral suppressors. Only a limited number of new submachine gun designs had been adopted during this period, such as the
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Soldier of Fortune. SOF Weapons, Bell & White 84, South Africa's New Machine Pistol. Text & Photos by Brady Ridgeway. February 86, Page 30.
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service it was known as the "Swedish-K". In 1966, the Swedish government blocked the sale of firearms to the United States because it opposed the
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ammunition. The M3A1 was among the longest-serving submachine gun designs, being produced into the 1960s and serving in US forces into the 1990s.
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Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. pages 93–94 & 116–125.
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Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. pages 125 & 166–167.
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Changes in design accelerated during the war, with one major trend being the abandonment of complex and finely made pre-war designs like the
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SMG magazine, modified to fit the Colt and lock the bolt back after the last shot. The Colt is widely used by US law enforcement and the
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units for close-quarters combat, due to their reduced size, recoil and muzzle blast. Submachine guns also lend themselves to the use of
591: 465: 2820: 382: 2761: 2708: 2287: 2138: 2108: 1928: 725:(commonly and erroneously referred to as the Schmeisser) was developed and made in large numbers; about a million were made during 2185:
Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. pages 138–139
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Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. pages 118–120
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Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. pages 93–94.
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and logistical concerns have combined to limit the appeal of submachine guns. However, SMGs are still used by police (especially
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Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. pages 97–98
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Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. pages 93–94
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Sten Machine Carbine, by Peter Laidler & R Blake Stevens, Collector Grade Publications, Canada; 1ST edition (December 2000)
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Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. pages 116
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Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. page 166
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patterns. These new SMGs offered a high degree of parts commonality with parent weapons, thereby easing logistical concerns.
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While the Italians were among the first to develop submachine guns during World War I, they were slow to produce them under
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Germany transferred its MP 18s to the German police forces after World War I. They also saw use in the hands of various
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The Thompson, nicknamed "Tommy Gun" or "Chicago Typewriter" became notorious in the U.S. due to its employment by the
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design with a futuristic appearance. It has a 50-round magazine housed horizontally above the barrel, an integrated
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Stocked pistols were common at the beginning of the 20th century, the Germans initially used heavier versions of the
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The MAS-38 was France's only WWII submachine gun design, but France was defeated before very many were manufactured.
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submachine guns. The PDW is a compact automatic weapon that uses specially designed rifle-like cartridges to fire
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in November 1918. After World War I, the MP 18 evolved into the MP28/II SMG, which incorporated a simple 32-round
1870: 1545: 828: 477: 251: 2051:"StG 44 - Approved by Hitler, The Gun that Revolutionized Modern Rifles (includes footage) | War History Online" 166:, and can better penetrate the helmets and body armor used by modern soldiers. However, they are still used by 2815: 1457: 851: 535: 2355: 2050: 762:, was widely exported and remained in service to the late 1970s. Inspired by captured examples of the Soviet 1588: 1568: 1504:
and are sufficiently light to be used conveniently by non-combatant and support troops, and as an effective
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Jane's Guns Recognition Guide. by Ian Hogg & Terry Gander. HarperCollins Publishers. 2005. page 192
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Fredrik Logevall, "The Swedish-American conflict over Vietnam", pp. 199–223 in, Walter L. Hixson (ed),
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types wielding drum-magazine Thompsons caused some military planners to shun the weapon. However, the
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In February 1916, the Austro-Hungarian first fielded the M.12/P16 machine pistol. This was the first
230:("Submachine gun" in German, but cognate with the English term "Machine pistol"). However, the term " 171: 1492:(PDW) is touted as a further evolution of the submachine gun. The PDW was created in response to a 804:
with minimal training, the volume of fire produced by massed submachine guns could be overwhelming.
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of submachine guns by most of the world's armies. The Suomi was used in combat until the end of the
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Military Small Arms Of The 20th Century. Ian Hogg & John Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. p167
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In 1954, Israel introduced a 9mm Parabellum open-bolt, blowback-operated submachine gun called the
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Military Small Arms Of The 20th Century. Ian Hogg & John Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. p93
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ammunition, but was not a true submachine gun, as it was originally designed as a mounted weapon.
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A Bergmann MP 18, the first mass-produced submachine gun to see extensive use in an assault role
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Tactical Small Arms of the 21st Century: A Complete Guide to Small Arms From Around the World
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The United States and its allies used the Thompson submachine gun, especially the simplified
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cartridge had identical dimensions to the 7.62×25mm Tokarev, albeit slightly less powerful).
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A PPSh-41, the most produced submachine gun of World War II, with a 71-round drum magazine
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https://web.archive.org/web/20111109005400/http://www.izhmash.ru/eng/product/vityaz.shtml
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Bishop, Chris (2002). The encyclopedia of weapons of World War II. New York: MetroBooks.
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In late 1915, the first submachine gun with a buttstock was built: the Austro-Hungarian
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because they are "a pistol-caliber weapon that's easy to control, and less likely to
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The Heckler & Koch MP5, one of the most widely used submachine guns in the world
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to be adopted by any military, being issued to Tyrolean units fighting in the alps
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had replaced submachine guns in most roles. Factors such as the increasing use of
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In 1946, Denmark introduced the Madsen M-46 and, in 1950, an improved model, the
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were superior to the PPSh-41 at the typical engagement range of 100–150 meters.
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was much more successful than the submachine guns produced during World War I.
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In the United States, submachine guns have long stereotypical association with
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Hogg, Ian V. (1979). Guns and How They Work. New York: Everest House. p. 157.
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While most other countries during World War II developed submachine guns, the
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A Beretta Model 38, one of the most successful Italian weapons of World War II
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American Thunder: The Military Thompson Submachine Gun 1928, 1928A1, M1, M1A1
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In April 1914, Abiel Bethel Revelli, an Italian military officer patented a
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to be classified as such, submachine guns are not considered machine guns.
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was yet another submachine gun from this period, based on a design by
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Dunlap, Roy F., Ordnance Went Up Front, Samworth Press, (1948), p. 58
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Submachine guns again proved to be an important weapon system in the
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make than their predecessors. As such, they were widely distributed.
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A Sten Mk II, the second most produced submachine gun of World War II
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series. This 9 mm Parabellum SMG introduced several innovations: a
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adopted the Thompson during this period, they used them during the
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West Virginia state police bought 37 guns and used them during the
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s (LDP). Known examples were the Bell & White 84, BHS Rhogun,
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pistol was patented by the British inventor Hugh Gabbett-Fairfax.
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In 1999, H&K introduced the last widely distributed SMG, the
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Kevin, Dockery (2007). Future Weapons. New York: Berkley Trade.
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teams) for dealing with heavily armed suspects and by military
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lost because of it." U.S. servicemen, however, felt that their
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Chemical Analysis of Firearms, Ammunition, and Gunshot Residue
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Fighting Men of World War II: Uniforms, Equipment and Weapons
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In the 1970s, extremely compact submachine guns, such as the
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for selecting between semi-automatic and full auto fire, a
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automatic weapon, it was designed to fire the proprietary
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is a 9mm Parabellum Australian submachine gun designed by
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more controllable. It could be configured to fire either
434:
automatic carbine. The OVP 1918 had a traditional wooden
1192:
operation system. This makes the MP5 more accurate than
844:. After the war, the British replaced the Sten with the 686:
submachine gun was manufactured in small numbers in the
354:
equipped with a detachable stock, larger-capacity snail-
1945:"Отчет стрелкового полигона: пистолет-пулемет Томпсона" 1843:
The World's Greatest Small Arms: An Illustrated History
598:
that was manufactured by the Germans through the Swiss
116:(1939–1945), millions of submachine guns were made for 2752: 2750: 721:. From this experience, the simplified and modernized 1898:(1. pbk. ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. 373:
is considered by some to be the first submachine gun.
278:
are often called submachine guns. In addition, some
1649: 1647: 1310:
A Heckler & Koch UMP45 with a vertical foregrip
855:
M3 "Grease Gun" (top) and M1A1 "Tommy Gun" (bottom)
705:In 1939, the Germans introduced the 9mm Parabellum 2421:. Iola, Wisconsin: Gun Digest Books. p. 156. 2220: 2122: 201:, and violence. The use of submachine guns by the 1099:). The Uzi was one of the first weapons to use a 1087:An Uzi, the most sold submachine gun in the world 449:By 1918, Bergmann Waffenfabrik had developed the 2463:. New York: Penguin Group US. pp. 383–385. 2214: 2212: 2210: 1468:, GM-16, Kommando LDP, Northwood R-76, Paramax, 1003:In 1945, Sweden introduced the 9 mm Parabellum 701:An MP 40 submachine gun with its stock extended 566:in Central America and it was also used by the 2701:The Illustrated Directory of 20th Century Guns 2410: 2408: 2406: 1016:began to manufacture an m/45 clone called the 408:although the weapon was never used in combat. 209:, has contributed the rise of the stereotype. 2722: 2720: 2694: 2692: 2028:. Vol. 1. Stackpole Books. p. 279. 310:with snail-drum magazine and removable stock. 8: 1362:operated submachine gun. It is based on the 970: 956: 2084:Leadership and diplomacy in the Vietnam War 1343:A KRISS Vector, seen here with a suppressor 1322:assault rifle. It features a predominantly 1809:"Maschinenpistole Senn (Luger conversion)" 69:. The term "submachine gun" was coined by 2648:"THE KOMMANDO L.D.P. - Small Arms Review" 2162:Hackathorn, Ken (1995). "Using the Uzi". 740:, the badly outnumbered Finnish used the 328:twin-barreled, magazine-fed automatic gun 2199:sfn error: no target: CITEREFMcNab2012 ( 1181:submachine gun. The MP5 is based on the 887:France produced only about 2,000 of the 100:The submachine gun was developed during 2731:. Global Defence Review. Archived from 1611: 788:and later the more easily manufactured 77:, to describe its design concept as an 2503: 2493: 1488:First developed during the 1980s, the 922:A Type 100 submachine gun with bayonet 2194: 1022:United Nations Operation in the Congo 1012:. As a result, in the following year 955:, this led to the development of the 7: 2390:"Heckler & Koch – Group Website" 781:In 1940, the Soviets introduced the 2129:. New York: DK Publishing. p.  1123:(25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953). The 2487:Submachine Guns and Assault Rifles 2009:The Nambu Type 14 pistol explained 1369:In 2009, KRISS USA introduced the 840:manufacturing their own copy, the 25: 2258:. Osprey Publishing. p. 56. 1785:"Steyr M.1912/P16 machine-pistol" 1484:An FN P90 personal defense weapon 1285:. The Colt SMG is a closed bolt, 1245:, were developed to be used with 1115:Submachine guns in the Korean War 430:would be later modified into the 2703:. London: Salamander Books Ltd. 1417:, particularly when loaded with 1107:In 1959, Beretta introduced the 709:which was first used during the 549:: the image of pinstripe-suited 381:adopted Revelli's design as the 2523:Izhmash product page Vityaz SMG 2170:(1). Soldier of Fortune: 18–23. 1733:"Hiram's Extra Light Maxim Gun" 1070:In 1949, France introduced the 819:and losing many weapons in the 205:, as well as numerous cases of 93:"). As a machine gun must fire 1923:. Mercier Press. p. 125. 1921:Tom Barry: IRA Freedom Fighter 1875:An Official Journal Of The NRA 1859:, Moose Lake Publishing, 2000. 1584:Overview of gun laws by nation 1496:request for a replacement for 1316:UMP "Universal Machine Pistol" 983:, with over 100 million made. 655:and easy replacement like the 651:to weapons designed for cheap 1: 2611:"LDP / Kommando: The "Rhuzi"" 2306:. US: McFarland. p. 42. 2280:Jane's Guns Recognition Guide 2086:, Taylor & Francis, 2000 2049:Moncure, Billy (2019-02-10). 1896:The I.R.A. at war 1916 - 1923 1869:Association, National Rifle. 1177:developed the 9mm Parabellum 981:world's most produced firearm 891:submachine gun (chambered in 406:Standschütze Hellriegel M1915 398:Standschütze Hellriegel M1915 234:" is also used to describe a 108:offensive weapon, mainly for 2781:), Nr. 3/4 (132/133), p 103. 2587:. KRISS Arms. Archived from 2300:Tilstra, Russell C. (2012). 2282:. Jane's Information Group. 1997:. Retrieved 19 October 2014. 1747:"Espacenet – search results" 1452:era of South Africa and the 605:German annexation of Austria 590:during the aftermath of the 42:, two common submachine guns 2490:. Andrius Genys. p. 2. 2415:Cutshaw, Charles Q (2011). 2303:Small Arms for Urban Combat 2011:. HL Publishing. p. 5. 1761:"Villar Perosa machine gun" 1713:. CRC Press. 2008. p. xxiii 930:had only produced one, the 827:adopted the 9mm Parabellum 2847: 2634:"Cobra Mk1 pistol-carbine" 2227:. Hyperion Press. p.  2219:Halberstam, David (2007). 943:of their own SMG designs. 560:United States Marine Corps 531:in combat that same year: 446:of 900 rounds per minute. 385:. It fired pistol-caliber 2821:Law enforcement equipment 2007:Henrotin, Gerard (2010). 1546:infantry fighting vehicle 829:Lanchester submachine gun 27:Type of automatic firearm 2121:McManners, Hugh (2003). 1519:Introduced in 1991, the 1476:Personal defense weapons 1458:South African Border War 1434:Brügger & Thomet APC 1399:personal defense weapons 1247:silencers or suppressors 1223:An Ingram MAC-10 with a 536:Battle of Blair Mountain 268:personal defense weapons 226:, where "MP" stands for 2800:Encyclopædia Britannica 2252:Leroy Thompson (2011). 2125:Ultimate Special Forces 1589:Personal defense weapon 1569:List of submachine guns 1490:personal defense weapon 1190:roller-delayed blowback 1129:People's Volunteer Army 979:, which is to date the 932:Type 100 submachine gun 846:Sterling submachine gun 688:Italian Social Republic 649:Thompson submachine gun 519:Thompson submachine gun 75:Thompson submachine gun 40:Heckler & Koch MP5K 2727:Oliver, David (2007). 2699:Miller, David (2001). 2484:Andrius Genys (2010). 2022:Miller, David (2007). 1502:armor-piercing bullets 1485: 1395:compact assault rifles 1344: 1311: 1228: 1170: 1133:United Nations Command 1127:(KPA) and the Chinese 1088: 1067: 1000: 971: 957: 949:intermediate cartridge 923: 884: 856: 812: 778: 768:KP m/44 submachine gun 702: 644: 511: 496: 401: 374: 311: 280:compact assault rifles 158:, which have a longer 152:mechanized infantrymen 73:, the inventor of the 43: 2729:"In the Line of Fire" 2356:"Colt Weapon Systems" 1841:McNab, Chris (2015). 1709:James Smyth Wallace. 1594:Semi-automatic pistol 1506:close quarters battle 1483: 1342: 1331:mounted accessories 1309: 1222: 1168: 1086: 1065: 998: 921: 882: 854: 810: 776: 700: 666:; the 9mm Parabellum 642: 540:Irish Republican Army 502: 494: 438:, a 25-round top-fed 395: 368: 305: 184:close-quarters combat 172:police tactical units 112:. At its peak during 33: 1894:Hart, Peter (2005). 1535:controls. A simple 1393:By the early 2010s, 1125:Korean People's Army 1095:(after its designer 462:infiltration tactics 2831:World War I weapons 2735:on October 16, 2006 2538:In Moscow's Shadows 1919:Ryan, Meda (2003). 1462:Land Defence Pistol 1444:Land defence pistol 1419:subsonic ammunition 1227:, magazine detached 1048:progressive trigger 509:Thompson Model 1921 442:, and had a cyclic 139:, especially among 89:(hence the prefix " 2826:Military equipment 2613:. 5 December 2018. 2591:on 20 January 2013 2392:. Heckler-koch.com 2278:Hogg, Ian (2002). 2223:The Coldest Winter 1486: 1454:Rhodesian Bush War 1427:Heckler & Koch 1421:. Variants of the 1385:pistol magazines. 1355:a 9mm Parabellum, 1345: 1312: 1229: 1209:fire control group 1185:and uses the same 1175:Heckler & Koch 1171: 1089: 1068: 1057:Uzi submachine gun 1014:Smith & Wesson 1001: 999:A Carl Gustaf m/45 924: 885: 857: 821:Dunkirk evacuation 813: 794:PPS submachine gun 779: 764:PPS submachine gun 711:invasion of Poland 703: 645: 512: 497: 466:Germany's collapse 402: 375: 337:cyclist battalions 312: 81:with notably less 67:handgun cartridges 44: 2540:. 23 October 2008 2470:978-1-101-20618-8 2428:978-1-4402-2709-7 2313:978-0-7864-6523-1 2265:978-1-84908-619-6 2238:978-1-4013-0052-4 2197:, pp. 22–23. 2164:Fighting Firearms 2035:978-0-8117-0277-5 1995:978-1-58663-762-0 1949:kalashnikov.media 1905:978-0-19-927786-5 1855:Frank Iannamico, 1659:DefenseReview.com 1514:counter-terrorist 1498:9×19mm Parabellum 1360:straight blowback 1066:MAT-49 on display 987:Post–World War II 913:F1 submachine gun 865:M3 submachine gun 719:bolt-action rifle 613:Spanish Civil War 592:German Revolution 451:9x19mm Parabellum 162:, have increased 104:(1914–1918) as a 79:automatic firearm 65:designed to fire 16:(Redirected from 2838: 2782: 2771: 2765: 2754: 2745: 2744: 2742: 2740: 2724: 2715: 2714: 2696: 2687: 2686: 2684: 2683: 2672: 2666: 2665: 2658: 2652: 2651: 2650:. February 2004. 2644: 2638: 2637: 2630: 2624: 2621: 2615: 2614: 2607: 2601: 2600: 2598: 2596: 2581: 2575: 2574: 2572: 2571: 2562:. Archived from 2556: 2550: 2549: 2547: 2545: 2530: 2524: 2518: 2512: 2511: 2505: 2501: 2499: 2491: 2481: 2475: 2474: 2451: 2445: 2442: 2433: 2432: 2412: 2401: 2400: 2398: 2397: 2386: 2380: 2377: 2371: 2370: 2368: 2367: 2358:. Archived from 2352: 2346: 2343: 2334: 2331: 2322: 2321: 2316:. Archived from 2297: 2291: 2276: 2270: 2269: 2249: 2243: 2242: 2226: 2216: 2205: 2204: 2192: 2186: 2183: 2172: 2171: 2159: 2153: 2152: 2128: 2118: 2112: 2101: 2095: 2080: 2074: 2071: 2065: 2064: 2062: 2061: 2055:warhistoryonline 2046: 2040: 2039: 2019: 2013: 2012: 2004: 1998: 1987: 1981: 1978: 1969: 1966: 1960: 1959: 1957: 1956: 1941: 1935: 1934: 1916: 1910: 1909: 1891: 1885: 1884: 1882: 1881: 1866: 1860: 1853: 1847: 1846: 1838: 1832: 1829: 1823: 1822: 1820: 1819: 1805: 1799: 1798: 1796: 1795: 1781: 1775: 1774: 1772: 1771: 1757: 1751: 1750: 1743: 1737: 1736: 1735:. 7 August 2019. 1729: 1723: 1720: 1714: 1707: 1701: 1698: 1692: 1689: 1683: 1680: 1669: 1668: 1666: 1665: 1651: 1642: 1639: 1624: 1623: 1616: 1253:and the H&K 1101:telescoping bolt 1052:telescoping bolt 1005:Carl Gustaf m/45 974: 962: 893:7.65×20mm Longue 817:Battle of France 747:Continuation War 731:7.63×25mm Mauser 668:Beretta Model 38 625:Heinrich Vollmer 505:John T. Thompson 379:Kingdom of Italy 308:Luger P08 pistol 228:Maschinenpistole 145:covert operation 133:suppressive fire 95:rifle cartridges 71:John T. Thompson 21: 2846: 2845: 2841: 2840: 2839: 2837: 2836: 2835: 2816:Submachine guns 2806: 2805: 2791: 2786: 2785: 2772: 2768: 2755: 2748: 2738: 2736: 2726: 2725: 2718: 2711: 2698: 2697: 2690: 2681: 2679: 2674: 2673: 2669: 2660: 2659: 2655: 2646: 2645: 2641: 2632: 2631: 2627: 2622: 2618: 2609: 2608: 2604: 2594: 2592: 2583: 2582: 2578: 2569: 2567: 2558: 2557: 2553: 2543: 2541: 2532: 2531: 2527: 2519: 2515: 2502: 2492: 2483: 2482: 2478: 2471: 2453: 2452: 2448: 2443: 2436: 2429: 2414: 2413: 2404: 2395: 2393: 2388: 2387: 2383: 2378: 2374: 2365: 2363: 2354: 2353: 2349: 2344: 2337: 2332: 2325: 2314: 2299: 2298: 2294: 2277: 2273: 2266: 2251: 2250: 2246: 2239: 2218: 2217: 2208: 2198: 2193: 2189: 2184: 2175: 2161: 2160: 2156: 2141: 2120: 2119: 2115: 2102: 2098: 2081: 2077: 2072: 2068: 2059: 2057: 2048: 2047: 2043: 2036: 2021: 2020: 2016: 2006: 2005: 2001: 1988: 1984: 1979: 1972: 1967: 1963: 1954: 1952: 1943: 1942: 1938: 1931: 1918: 1917: 1913: 1906: 1893: 1892: 1888: 1879: 1877: 1868: 1867: 1863: 1854: 1850: 1840: 1839: 1835: 1830: 1826: 1817: 1815: 1807: 1806: 1802: 1793: 1791: 1783: 1782: 1778: 1769: 1767: 1759: 1758: 1754: 1745: 1744: 1740: 1731: 1730: 1726: 1721: 1717: 1708: 1704: 1699: 1695: 1690: 1686: 1681: 1672: 1663: 1661: 1653: 1652: 1645: 1640: 1627: 1618: 1617: 1613: 1608: 1603: 1554: 1478: 1446: 1391: 1351:introduced the 1337: 1304: 1277:introduced the 1263: 1217: 1203:introduced the 1163: 1117: 1081: 1042:introduced the 989: 936:Type 30 bayonet 928:Empire of Japan 756:mass production 653:mass production 637: 629:Francoist Spain 528: 526:Interwar period 345: 300: 244:fully automatic 215: 195:organized crime 168:security forces 160:effective range 28: 23: 22: 18:Sub-machine gun 15: 12: 11: 5: 2844: 2842: 2834: 2833: 2828: 2823: 2818: 2808: 2807: 2804: 2803: 2795:Submachine Gun 2790: 2789:External links 2787: 2784: 2783: 2766: 2746: 2716: 2709: 2688: 2667: 2653: 2639: 2625: 2616: 2602: 2576: 2551: 2525: 2513: 2504:|website= 2476: 2469: 2460:Future Weapons 2455:Dockery, Kevin 2446: 2434: 2427: 2402: 2381: 2372: 2347: 2335: 2323: 2320:on 2012-05-09. 2312: 2292: 2271: 2264: 2255:The M1 Carbine 2244: 2237: 2206: 2187: 2173: 2154: 2139: 2113: 2096: 2075: 2066: 2041: 2034: 2014: 1999: 1982: 1970: 1961: 1936: 1929: 1911: 1904: 1886: 1861: 1848: 1833: 1824: 1813:firearms.96.lt 1800: 1789:firearms.96.lt 1776: 1765:firearms.96.lt 1752: 1738: 1724: 1715: 1702: 1693: 1684: 1670: 1643: 1625: 1610: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1601: 1596: 1591: 1586: 1581: 1579:Machine pistol 1576: 1571: 1566: 1564:Firearm action 1561: 1555: 1553: 1550: 1510:special forces 1477: 1474: 1445: 1442: 1411:special forces 1390: 1387: 1336: 1333: 1329:Picatinny rail 1303: 1300: 1262: 1259: 1216: 1213: 1173:In the 1960s, 1162: 1159: 1116: 1113: 1080: 1077: 1040:Czechoslovakia 988: 985: 959:Sturmgewehr 44 938:. It used the 749:, the Finnish 636: 633: 527: 524: 474:selective fire 428:FIAT Mod. 1915 413:machine pistol 383:FIAT Mod. 1915 344: 341: 299: 296: 282:, such as the 250:, such as the 232:machine pistol 214: 211: 203:Chicago Outfit 164:stopping power 156:assault rifles 141:special forces 118:assault troops 110:trench raiding 48:submachine gun 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2843: 2832: 2829: 2827: 2824: 2822: 2819: 2817: 2814: 2813: 2811: 2802: 2801: 2796: 2793: 2792: 2788: 2780: 2776: 2770: 2767: 2763: 2762:9780425217504 2759: 2753: 2751: 2747: 2734: 2730: 2723: 2721: 2717: 2712: 2710:9781840652451 2706: 2702: 2695: 2693: 2689: 2677: 2671: 2668: 2663: 2657: 2654: 2649: 2643: 2640: 2635: 2629: 2626: 2620: 2617: 2612: 2606: 2603: 2590: 2586: 2580: 2577: 2566:on 2015-01-21 2565: 2561: 2555: 2552: 2539: 2535: 2529: 2526: 2522: 2517: 2514: 2509: 2497: 2489: 2488: 2480: 2477: 2472: 2466: 2462: 2461: 2456: 2450: 2447: 2441: 2439: 2435: 2430: 2424: 2420: 2419: 2411: 2409: 2407: 2403: 2391: 2385: 2382: 2376: 2373: 2362:on 2003-05-18 2361: 2357: 2351: 2348: 2342: 2340: 2336: 2330: 2328: 2324: 2319: 2315: 2309: 2305: 2304: 2296: 2293: 2289: 2288:0-00-712760-X 2285: 2281: 2275: 2272: 2267: 2261: 2257: 2256: 2248: 2245: 2240: 2234: 2230: 2225: 2224: 2215: 2213: 2211: 2207: 2202: 2196: 2191: 2188: 2182: 2180: 2178: 2174: 2169: 2165: 2158: 2155: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2140:0-7894-9973-8 2136: 2132: 2127: 2126: 2117: 2114: 2110: 2109:0-89696-023-4 2106: 2100: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2079: 2076: 2070: 2067: 2056: 2052: 2045: 2042: 2037: 2031: 2027: 2026: 2018: 2015: 2010: 2003: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1986: 1983: 1977: 1975: 1971: 1965: 1962: 1950: 1946: 1940: 1937: 1932: 1930:1-85635-425-3 1926: 1922: 1915: 1912: 1907: 1901: 1897: 1890: 1887: 1876: 1872: 1865: 1862: 1858: 1852: 1849: 1845:. p. 61. 1844: 1837: 1834: 1828: 1825: 1814: 1810: 1804: 1801: 1790: 1786: 1780: 1777: 1766: 1762: 1756: 1753: 1748: 1742: 1739: 1734: 1728: 1725: 1719: 1716: 1712: 1706: 1703: 1697: 1694: 1688: 1685: 1679: 1677: 1675: 1671: 1660: 1656: 1650: 1648: 1644: 1638: 1636: 1634: 1632: 1630: 1626: 1621: 1615: 1612: 1605: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1592: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1582: 1580: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1565: 1562: 1560: 1559:Assault rifle 1557: 1556: 1551: 1549: 1547: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1517: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1482: 1475: 1473: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1443: 1441: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1388: 1386: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1367: 1365: 1361: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1341: 1334: 1332: 1330: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1308: 1301: 1299: 1297: 1293: 1288: 1284: 1281:based on the 1280: 1276: 1271: 1269: 1268:assault rifle 1260: 1258: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1241: 1237: 1234: 1226: 1221: 1214: 1212: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1197: 1195: 1191: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1167: 1160: 1158: 1154: 1152: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1114: 1112: 1110: 1105: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1085: 1078: 1076: 1073: 1064: 1060: 1058: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1036: 1034: 1029: 1027: 1024:, during the 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1006: 997: 993: 986: 984: 982: 978: 973: 968: 967:assault rifle 965: 961: 960: 954: 950: 944: 941: 937: 933: 929: 920: 916: 914: 909: 905: 900: 898: 894: 890: 881: 877: 875: 871: 866: 862: 853: 849: 847: 843: 838: 834: 830: 826: 822: 818: 809: 805: 803: 799: 795: 791: 787: 784: 775: 771: 769: 765: 761: 757: 752: 751:Sissi patrols 748: 743: 739: 734: 732: 728: 724: 720: 717: 716:Karabiner 98k 712: 708: 699: 695: 693: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 660: 658: 657:M3 Grease Gun 654: 650: 641: 634: 632: 630: 626: 622: 618: 614: 610: 607:in 1938. 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Index

Sub-machine gun

Uzi
Heckler & Koch MP5K
magazine
automatic
carbine
handgun cartridges
John T. Thompson
Thompson submachine gun
automatic firearm
firepower
machine gun
sub-
rifle cartridges
World War I
close quarter
trench raiding
World War II
assault troops
auxiliaries
doctrines
close-quarter
suppressive fire
Cold War
special forces
covert operation
commandos
mechanized infantrymen
assault rifles

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