60:. A player may bat, bowl and field even if they have had a substitute for part of the game, though they need to wait for a period equal to their time off the field until they bat or bowl again. Substitutes are generally not listed in the official squad list, unless they were in the starting XI for other games in the wider squad, or were the twelfth player, as some forms of cricket have 12 players listed prior to the match, at which point one player is omitted from the match squad. However, this is not required under the laws, and the substitute can be anyone, providing the umpires approve the use of a substitute. This can lead to members of the crowd, on-site media or a team's coaching staff taking the role. One example being a New Zealand journalist who was following their tour of India in 1988, taking the field.
156:
favour of general substitutes have been made from a perspective of improving the game, coping with increasing injury rates due to the modern schedule, to follow the lead of other sports in trying to manage concussion more responsibly and to provide greater opportunities for players to gain experience in first-class cricket. However, there is an equally strong viewpoint that the nature of the first-class contest may be diminished with a summary suggesting that although medical experts would recommend introduction of substitutes the majority of players are still not in favour.
307:
the circumstances around the game and the referees will be given guidelines as will the teams how to interpret those, But it's very much around what is the likely role of the injured player for rest of the match and who is most like-for-like with the role that player will play. The match referee could put conditions on a player being involved. So, if there's an allrounder replacing a batter then he might put a condition that player is unavailable to bowl during the match. The referee has some flexibility to best accommodate a like-for-like replacement.
72:, who was carrying an injury and had been granted a substitute fielder in previous matches, was denied one in this match. The practice of allowing substitutes was varied and inconsistent in the 19th century. In 1870, a match occurred between the MCC and Nottinghamshire. Substitutes were allowed early in this match, but this was condemned by the press, and by the conclusion of the match they were refused.
282:
1.2.8.2 If the ICC Match
Referee believes that the inclusion of the nominated Concussion Replacement, when performing their normal role, would excessively advantage their team, the Match Referee may impose such conditions upon the identity and involvement of the Concussion Replacement as he/she sees
155:
In recent years, there have been arguments made for cricket to allow substitutes in first-class games, as cricket forbids full substitutes for most injuries or tactical reasons. In 2019, concussion substitutes were allowed in Test matches and other international games for the first time. Arguments in
278:
1.2.8.1 In assessing whether the nominated
Concussion Replacement should be considered a like-for-like player, the ICC Match Referee should consider the likely role the concussed player would have played during the remainder of the match, and the normal role that would be performed by the nominated
256:
In the mid-2010s there were calls for concussion substitutes who could bat or bowl to be introduced, with increased awareness of the risks of continuing to play following a concussion. New
Zealand introduced such a rule for their domestic limited-overs competitions, having had two concussion-related
212:
In March 2006 players and officials started to rebel against this controversial rule and a One Day
International series between South Africa and Australia saw the players agree to boycott the rule. Just a few weeks later the International Cricket Council announced that the rule was being withdrawn,
306:
Every circumstance is going to be different depending on when the player is requested to be replaced. If a bowler's injured and they've only got a batting innings left then the decision might be different to if the same player was injured and there was a bowling innings left. It's very much around
164:
When a player leaves the ground due to injury and is replaced by a substitute fielder, they are generally not permitted to return and immediately resume bowling (or batting if their team's innings commences while they are off the field). The injured player is required to spend a period back on the
173:
If a bowler is injured during an over and cannot complete it, another bowler must bowl the remaining deliveries. The bowler chosen to do so cannot be the bowler who bowled the previous over, and must not bowl the following over either. A substitute fielder may take the place of the injured bowler
247:
In 2008, the
International Cricket Council tightened the regulations on the use of substitutions, saying "Substitute fielders shall only be permitted in cases of injury, illness or other wholly acceptable reasons... and should not include what is commonly referred to as a 'comfort break'".
261:
introduced concussion replacements to
English domestic competitions at the start of the 2018 season. The replacements can bat and bowl in place of a player with concussion or suspected concussion; match officials have to determine that the new player is a "like for like" replacement.
301:
The rules were implemented for saving a team from having a disadvantage if one of their players suffers a concussion and is out from the match. The rules also restrict a player from taking unnecessary risks by putting their health on the line in a bid to help their team in a match.
165:
field at least equal to the time that they were absent before resuming bowling, or batting should a change of innings occur. Variations of the time periods required and the circumstances of the players return to the field apply in different forms of the game.
269:(ICC) agreed to allow the use of concussion replacements in all international cricket matches from 1 August 2019, with substitute having to be a "like-for-like replacement" and approved by the Match Referee.
1044:
232:
argued that these substitutions were either legitimate injuries or players "answering the call of nature" (i.e. using the toilet). The issue came to a climax in the 4th Test, when
Ponting was
378:
positive in the middle of a series they would be quarantined immediately, not allowed to take part in the remainder of the series, and would be replaced by a "like for like" substitute.
969:
401:
224:
repeatedly complained that
England were abusing the substitute system by bringing on specialist fielders in place of bowlers with poor fielding skills, which he argued was against the
209:
This change, however, was widely criticised by players, commentators, and fans. In particular, it was said to give the team that wins the toss an even greater advantage than usual.
42:
that the umpires allow when a player has been injured or become ill, after the nomination of the players at the start of the game. The rules for substitutes appear in Law 24 of the
1094:
869:
68:
The use of substitutes is known from the 18th century. In the report of a match on Monday, 5 September 1748, the role is termed a "seeker-out"; this was in the sense that
1069:
994:
944:
190:
to be trialled over a ten-month period, that tactical substitutions would be permitted. Each team was to be allowed one substitute, who had to be named before
432:
1209:
756:
96:
621:
496:
664:
1119:
56:
A substitute can act for the injured or ill player in the field, although they may not bowl, bat or act as captain, unless otherwise agreed by the
363:
470:
1376:
639:
240:, causing him to angrily shout and gesticulate in the direction of the England dressing room. At the time, Pratt was on the field for bowler
131:
while playing as a substitute for
England. The highest number of catches by a substitute fielder in a Test match is four, a record shared by
702:
244:- who was nursing an ankle injury that proved to end his Test career after this match. Ponting was fined 75% of his match fee for dissent.
228:. English bowlers were frequently substituted at the end of bowling spells and temporarily replaced with fresh fielders. The England coach
351:
69:
919:
92:
382:
88:
894:
116:
1202:
258:
84:
80:
343:
in the first innings. He was later diagnosed as having suffered concussion and was ruled out of the remainder of the Test.
394:
266:
183:
112:
1391:
298:, an all-rounder, as his replacement, then the match-referee has the power to restrict Marsh from bowling in the match.
107:
A substitute is permitted to take catches as with any other fielder, and on some occasions does. The first occasion in
1381:
776:
684:
120:
557:
1386:
1195:
593:
761:
669:
57:
283:
fit, in line with the overriding objective of facilitating a like-for-like replacement for the concussed player.
390:
291:
420:
as COVID-19 substitutes at the start of day 4 for South Africa. As a result, Khaya Zondo made his Test debut.
1293:
336:
241:
199:
217:
202:
in July saw the first use of these new regulations, which did not apply to other forms of cricket such as
594:"Injury data and arguments to support a rule change to allow substitutes in Test and first class cricket"
187:
99:
in the Oxford XI, after
Thesiger had injured himself while fielding on the first morning of the match.
1255:
195:
801:
1148:
622:"Concussion, risk assessment, and practical steps to reform: Learning from the Hugo Lloris example"
76:
1262:
1168:
970:"COVID-19 substitutes in cricket: What is it, what are the challenges? Everything we know so far"
575:
344:
706:
532:
362:, who was concussed after hitting the advertising boards while fielding in an ODI game against
1355:
1314:
1288:
1233:
1156:
742:
728:
347:
was named as the official replacement for Smith and came to bat on the final day of the Test.
328:
316:
225:
1335:
1298:
405:
1180:
436:
424:
355:
312:
229:
140:
132:
44:
870:"What is 'concussion substitute' rule? Here's everything on ICC's new set of guidelines"
1267:
428:
359:
295:
1370:
1350:
1340:
1250:
844:
536:
518:
221:
194:
was made, and could be introduced at any stage of the match. The ODI series between
124:
39:
1345:
1243:
1238:
431:
as a COVID-19 substitute for Sri Lanka during the second innings of the first test
417:
340:
203:
144:
108:
1070:"Mulder, Erwee test positive for Covid-19 as Khaya Zondo earns Proteas Test debut"
17:
1319:
413:
409:
136:
826:
147:. However, substitute fielders' catches do not count towards individual stats.
386:
237:
1160:
358:
became the first concussion substitute in women's cricket when she replaced
128:
1019:
374:
In June 2020, the ICC approved a rule providing that if a player was found
332:
1045:"BREAKING: Drama as 2 Proteas players test positive for Covid-19 mid-Test"
827:"Concussion in cricket: Replacements added to laws for 2018 county season"
389:
became the first COVID-19 replacement in a cricket match. Lister replaced
375:
191:
186:
announced, as part of a package of changes to the playing conditions for
1218:
497:"Thomas Bennett Case: Oxford brewer who was the first cricket Supersub"
233:
35:
1187:
945:"New Zealand cricketer Ben Lister becomes first COVID-19 substitut"
777:"Australia team doctor asks ICC to consider concussion substitutes"
471:"Death of George Summers: When cricket at Lord's claimed a life"
294:, a pure batsman, is injured in a Test match and Australia name
1191:
995:"Auckland seamer Ben Lister becomes first Covid-19 replacement"
665:"There's no substitute for heroics now lost from other codes"
335:
in the 2019 Ashes series between England and Australia, when
435:. In the second Test of the series, Fernando again replaced
895:"Steven Smith withdrawn from Lord's Test due to concussion"
397:(ICC) playing conditions for a substitute due to COVID-19.
1020:"Ben Lister becomes first 'COVID replacement' in cricket"
757:"Ponting set to take comfort from ICC new fielding rules"
558:"FAQs: The concussion sub, and why the rule is important"
920:"Chinelle Henry ruled out of India ODIs with concussion"
393:, who reported feeling unwell, in line with the updated
174:
whilst they are off the field, but they may not bowl.
1328:
1307:
1281:
1226:
1095:"Angelo Mathews out of Galle Test due to Covid-19"
327:The first use of such a substitute was during the
802:"New Zealand to introduce concussion substitutes"
845:"ICC board and full council concludes in London"
1120:"Pathum Nissanka out of second test with Covid"
304:
640:"Shipperd wants 12-a-side in Sheffield Shield"
1203:
381:In October 2020, in the opening round of the
8:
1153:At the Sign of the Wicket: Cricket 1742–1751
1210:
1196:
1188:
533:"Most catches by a substitute in a match"
439:as a COVID-19 substitute for Sri Lanka.
400:In April 2022, in the second Test match
448:
315:, ICC General Manager explained before
1176:
1166:
75:The first-ever use of a substitute in
7:
339:was hit on the neck by a bouncer by
703:"About ICC - Rules and Regulations"
469:Mukherjee, Abhishek (25 May 2016).
402:between South Africa and Bangladesh
743:"Ponting slams England sub policy"
729:"Cricket bosses explain sub trial"
25:
127:, took a catch from his teammate
160:Restrictions on returning player
259:England and Wales Cricket Board
731:. BBC Sport. 11 December 2005.
1:
1024:International Cricket Council
849:International Cricket Council
495:Dhole, Pradip (14 May 2017).
395:International Cricket Council
383:2020–21 Plunket Shield season
267:International Cricket Council
184:International Cricket Council
27:Replacement player in cricket
1377:Cricket laws and regulations
1155:. London: Cricket Magazine.
745:. BBC Sport. 29 August 2005.
123:, when Australia's captain,
257:substitutions in 2016. The
1408:
576:"The case for substitutes"
213:and it is no longer used.
762:The Sydney Morning Herald
670:The Sydney Morning Herald
457:At the Sign of the Wicket
350:On November 1, 2019, the
685:"To sub, or not to sub?"
111:was in the Test between
519:"Scorecard Test No. 15"
459:, 12 April 1900, p. 52.
279:Concussion Replacement.
309:
273:ICC Playing Conditions
218:2005 Ashes Test series
188:One Day Internationals
252:Concussion substitute
220:, Australian captain
1256:Wicket-keeper-batter
1149:Ashley-Cooper, F. S.
103:Fielding substitutes
81:The University Match
1392:Cricket terminology
709:on 26 December 2008
673:. 24 November 2012.
628:. 21 November 2013.
370:COVID-19 substitute
178:Tactical substitute
77:first-class cricket
1382:Fielding (cricket)
345:Marnus Labuschagne
265:In July 2019, the
18:Substitute fielder
1387:Batting (cricket)
1364:
1363:
1049:The South African
499:. Cricket Country
433:against Australia
317:2019 Ashes series
226:spirit of cricket
97:Frederic Thesiger
38:is a replacement
16:(Redirected from
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1055:
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859:
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833:. 21 March 2018.
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705:. Archived from
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644:ESPNcricinfo.com
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406:Glenton Stuurman
34:in the sport of
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601:Johnorchard.com
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569:
556:
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521:. Cricinfo.com.
517:
516:
512:
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494:
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489:
479:
477:
475:Cricket Country
468:
467:
463:
455:Ashley-Cooper,
454:
450:
445:
437:Pathum Nissanka
425:Oshada Fernando
372:
356:Shabika Gajnabi
325:
313:Geoff Allardice
275:
254:
230:Duncan Fletcher
180:
171:
162:
153:
141:Virender Sehwag
133:Gursharan Singh
105:
66:
54:
45:Laws of Cricket
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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986:
974:Times Now News
961:
949:Times Now News
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911:
886:
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793:
768:
765:. 4 July 2008.
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631:
613:
585:
567:
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510:
487:
461:
447:
446:
444:
441:
429:Angelo Mathews
423:In June 2022,
371:
368:
360:Chinelle Henry
324:
321:
296:Mitchell Marsh
285:
284:
280:
274:
271:
253:
250:
236:by substitute
179:
176:
170:
169:Injured bowler
167:
161:
158:
152:
151:Recent changes
149:
104:
101:
91:in 1891, when
65:
62:
53:
50:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1354:
1352:
1351:Fourth umpire
1349:
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1327:
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1294:Batting order
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1261:
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1251:Wicket-keeper
1249:
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1227:Fielding side
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1190:
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1125:
1124:ESPN Cricinfo
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1099:ESPN Cricinfo
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1037:
1025:
1021:
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1000:
999:ESPN Cricinfo
996:
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987:
975:
971:
965:
962:
950:
946:
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925:
921:
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900:
899:ESPN Cricinfo
896:
890:
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626:Blogs.bmj.com
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537:ESPN Cricinfo
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222:Ricky Ponting
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182:In 2005, the
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125:Billy Murdoch
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37:
33:
19:
1346:Third umpire
1282:Batting side
1272:
1152:
1142:Bibliography
1127:. Retrieved
1123:
1114:
1102:. Retrieved
1098:
1089:
1077:. Retrieved
1073:
1064:
1052:. Retrieved
1048:
1039:
1027:. Retrieved
1023:
1014:
1002:. Retrieved
998:
989:
977:. Retrieved
973:
964:
952:. Retrieved
948:
939:
927:. Retrieved
924:Cricbuzz.com
923:
914:
902:. Retrieved
898:
889:
877:. Retrieved
873:
864:
852:. Retrieved
848:
839:
830:
821:
809:. Retrieved
805:
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145:Jackson Bird
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70:George Smith
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1329:Non-players
1320:All-rounder
1244:Spin bowler
1239:Pace bowler
1177:|work=
879:22 November
414:Sarel Erwee
410:Khaya Zondo
352:West Indies
337:Steve Smith
329:Second Test
323:First usage
242:Simon Jones
137:Younis Khan
93:Thomas Case
1371:Categories
1273:Substitute
1029:20 October
1004:20 October
979:20 October
954:20 October
929:3 November
542:15 January
443:References
387:Ben Lister
238:Gary Pratt
32:substitute
1221:positions
1179:ignored (
1169:cite book
904:18 August
874:Times Now
831:BBC Sport
811:7 January
786:7 January
480:28 August
427:replaced
412:replaced
200:Australia
129:Tup Scott
117:Australia
95:replaced
89:Cambridge
1161:28863559
1151:(1900).
1079:11 April
1054:11 April
806:Cricinfo
781:Cricinfo
649:28 March
606:28 March
503:9 August
376:COVID-19
192:the toss
83:between
58:captains
52:Overview
1341:Referee
1315:Captain
1263:Fielder
1219:Cricket
1129:11 July
854:18 July
354:player
234:run out
216:In the
196:England
113:England
64:History
36:cricket
1356:Scorer
1336:Umpire
1308:Others
1299:Runner
1289:Batter
1234:Bowler
1159:
1104:1 July
1074:News24
713:1 June
333:Lord's
143:, and
85:Oxford
40:player
597:(PDF)
364:India
1268:Slip
1181:help
1157:OCLC
1131:2022
1106:2022
1081:2022
1056:2022
1031:2020
1006:2020
981:2020
956:2020
931:2019
906:2019
881:2019
856:2019
813:2017
788:2017
715:2009
651:2022
608:2022
544:2017
505:2019
482:2020
416:and
408:and
198:and
121:1884
115:and
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331:at
290:If
119:in
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