239:"On the first notice of this unfortuned event the officers of the militia have Exerted themselves to get Volunteers out of their Respective Divissions to go up & Burry the Dead, their Labour Proved not in Vain we collected about 150 men & officers Included from the Colonels Kern, Giger & my own Battalions who would undergo the fatique & Danger to go their & pay that Respect to their slautered Brethren, Due to men who fell in support of the freedom of their Country. On the 15th we took up our line of march (want of amunation prevented us from going Sooner) on the 17th we arrived at the place of action, where we found Ten of our Soldiers Dead, Scalped, Striped Naked, & in a most cruel & Barborous manner Tomehawked, their throads Cut, &c. &c. whom we Buried & Returned without even seeing any of these Black alies, & Bloody executors of British Tirany."
202:, and a detachment of 41 of Van Etten's men headed to Northumberland to investigate these settlements in 1780. They were placed under the command of Lieutenants Moyer and Fish, and they left Northampton County in the beginning of September 1780 from Fort Allen and headed into Sugarloaf Valley to search for Loyalist sympathizers and spies.
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men were killed on
September 11, 1780. But at least three of these men—George Schellhammer, Peter Crum, and Baltzar Snyder—show up on a few months later, and again in returns the following year, as substitutes (volunteers, not drafted) in Captain William Moyer's (father of Lieutenant John Moyer) company of
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Rogan Moore asserts that a
Captain Daniel Klader commanded a detachment at of 41 men at Sugarloaf. However, Thomas Verenna asserts that no historical evidence exists which places a man named Daniel Klader at the scene. No correspondence or militia returns mention his name. No birth record, marriage
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Lieutenant Moyer, upon his return, said he had seen thirteen scalps on the belts of his captors, but it is hard to believe that they let him count the scalps while he was detained. Captain Van Etten did take a return at the end of the
Volunteer's tour of duty, in January, 1781. He indicates that 14
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The men of the volunteer detachment had just sat down to eat dinner on
September 11, 1780, according to survivor Peter Crum, when the Loyalists and Natives started firing muskets at them. Ten militiamen were killed, according to Lieutenant Colonel Stephen Balliet, who had gone with a small force of
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and again a year later, in 1783. Peter Crum lived long enough to file a pension in 1833. It is likely that Van Etten did not know who had been killed (his company was spread over two dozen miles, east to west, along frontier forts in
Northampton County) or these men had deserted after the massacre
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to their aid. Approximately 200 men arrived at Fort Rice, and the
Loyalists and Natives dispersed. Upon retreating, these people went over Knob Mountain and a group of 30 to 40 of them went down the stream known as Cabin Run to Fort Jenkins, which they burned down, along with numerous buildings in
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The number of militiamen killed in action at the skirmish is difficult to confirm. The earliest and best source, Lieutenant
Colonel Stephen Balliet, reported that ten men were buried. Samuel Rea, the County Lieutenant of Northampton County, indicated that Balliet's numbers were probably the most
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Previous violence between the
Iroquois and settlers was one of the contributing factors to the events of the Sugarloaf Massacre. In 1780, there were a large number of attacks by Natives in the vicinity where the massacre took place, including an attempted attack on
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record, or death record for him exists. No survivor mentions his name or his death in their depositions and no surviving pension file from any of the
Volunteers indicate that they served under a Daniel Klader of any kind.
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After the skirmish, the
Loyalist and Native war party searched the surrounding area for several hours. The next day, they took their prisoners down Nescopeck Creek and towards the Susquehanna River before turning towards
308:"Col. Baliort informs me that he had Given Council a relation of the killed and wounded he had found Burned near Neskipeki as he was at the place of action his Accts must be as near the truth as any I could procure..."
247:"We also have great Reason to beleve that several of the Indians have been killed by our men, in Particular one by Col. Kern & an other by Capt. Moyer both of whome went Volunteers with this partie."
282:, the Wyoming Historical and Genealogical Society, and the Sugarloaf Commemorative Committee built a memorial near the location of the massacre. In 1947, a historical marker was installed on
170:. According to pension files and witness depositions, the militia detachment was led by Lieutenants John Moyer and John Fish of Captain Johannes Van Etten's company of volunteers.
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Most of the militiamen escaped, with Lieutenant John Moyer, Ensign Scoby, and an unnamed private taken prisoner. Moyer managed to escape, but the other two men were taken to
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Balliet's burial detail apparently skirmished with some scouts from the Loyalist and Native forces while burying the dead, as Balliet went on to report:
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The number commonly believed, 15, is not sustainable according to the evidence. Thus the plaque at the site listing that many names is inaccurate.
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On September 6, approximately 250 to 300 Native warriors and Loyalist soldiers arrived at
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437:"Author presents evidence of inconsistencies on Sugarloaf Massacre marker, monument"
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were commissioned to serve for seven months, led by Captain Johannes Van Etten.
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The Bloodstained Field: A History of the Sugarloaf Massacre, September 11, 1780
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The Bloodstained Field: A History of the Sugarloaf Massacre, September 11, 1780
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Sketches of border adventures: in the life and times of Major Moses Van Campen
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were home to large numbers of Loyalists who aided the British during the
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Murder Along the Creek: Taking a Closer Look at the Sugarloaf Massacre
271:. The soldiers who escaped the massacre spread the news as far as the
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Battles of the American Revolutionary War involving the United States
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Battles of the American Revolutionary War involving Great Britain
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Murder Along the Creek: A Closer Look at the Sugarloaf Massacre
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and went to Sugarloaf Valley in southwestern Luzerne County.
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was a skirmish which occurred on September 11, 1780, in the
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The Pennsylvania Archives, Ser. 1, Vol. 8, (1907) 564–565.
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570:Journal of the American Revolution, July 6, 2015.
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493:Pennsylvania Archives Ser. 1, Vol. 8, 560–561
27:1780 battle of the American Revolutionary War
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166:attacked a small detachment of militia from
222:the fort's vicinity. They then crossed the
106:Lieutenant John Fish, Lieutenant John Moyer
552:Pennsylvania Archives Ser. 1, Vol. 8, 592.
183:. On June 15, 1780, a group of militia in
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373:Referred to as Scotch Valley in the 1700s
640:Pennsylvania in the American Revolution
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215:Lewis Township, Northumberland County
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259:, which he reached on September 14.
90:Northampton County volunteer militia
280:Pennsylvania Historical Commission
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588:Map of the area of the engagement
411:Thomas Verenna (July 6, 2015),
435:Kent Jackson (June 24, 2015),
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441:The Hazleton Standard-Speaker
318:and returned to their farms.
67:Luzerne County, Pennsylvania
529:John Niles Hubbard (1842),
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200:American Revolutionary War
40:American Revolutionary War
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230:The attack and aftermath
645:Battles in Pennsylvania
573:Rogan H. Moore (2000),
566:Thomas Verenna (2015),
469:Rogan H. Moore (2000),
269:Catawissa, Pennsylvania
350:Cherry Valley massacre
136:Unknown number wounded
95:Commanders and leaders
63:Little Nescopeck Creek
355:Penn's Creek massacre
325:Captain Daniel Klader
284:Pennsylvania Route 93
124:Casualties and losses
635:1780 in Pennsylvania
299:Number of men killed
255:. Moyer traveled to
116:Unknown, at least 30
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340:Sullivan Expedition
211:Chillisquaque Creek
190:The communities of
168:Northampton County
148:Sugarloaf massacre
100:Unknown, possibly
53:September 11, 1780
33:Sugarloaf massacre
18:Sugarloaf Massacre
650:Conflicts in 1780
611:41.011°N 75.989°W
345:Battle of Wyoming
224:Susquehanna River
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561:Works cited
294:Controversy
185:Northampton
152:U.S. state
629:Categories
602:75°59′20″W
599:41°00′40″N
381:References
304:accurate:
192:Bloomsburg
174:Background
134:2 captured
288:Conyngham
207:Fort Rice
196:Catawissa
164:Loyalists
86:Loyalists
538:July 10,
334:See also
111:Strength
58:Location
474:, p. 19
446:July 6,
421:July 6,
315:militia
286:, near
265:Berwick
253:Niagara
209:, near
160:Natives
129:Unknown
83:Natives
119:41 men
361:Notes
540:2013
448:2015
423:2015
267:and
194:and
146:The
50:Date
213:in
154:of
65:in
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508:^
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20:)
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