36:
427:
further aggravated by panicked passengers, who were not briefed at all on safety procedures. Communications between crew members were ineffective and hand luggage caused further delay in the evacuation process. As the rear left slide could not be used due to the height of the aircraft, passengers had to use either the middle or the forward left slide, causing a pile-up, during which the fire quickly spread to the forward fuselage and the cockpit.
440:
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609:
The captain then applied full braking on both pedals. The wheels locked and the anti-skid was turned off. Flight 109 overran the runway at a speed of 76 kn (141 km/h; 87 mph). The right wing then hit some antennae and approach lights. The aircraft had already suffered some kind of fuel
605:
The runway was noted as "very slippery", causing friction coefficient to be greatly decreased. The pilot, however, decided not to deploy the autobrake, even though the controller had informed him on the slippery runway. The aircraft continued to roll on the runway. The crew then decided to deploy the
601:
Flight 109 touched down at 19:26 local time. The indicated airspeed was 140 kn (260 km/h; 160 mph), while the ground speed was 155 kn (287 km/h; 178 mph). This indicated that the aircraft was struck by a 15 kn (28 km/h; 17 mph) tailwind. The crew, however,
426:
As fire started on the right side of the aircraft, slides were deployed only on the left side. The fire, which managed to get inside the cabin, was reported as intense and created thick smoke while passengers evacuated. The thick smoke and nighttime darkness hampered the evacuation process, which was
402:
The flight originated in Amman, the capital of Jordan, with its final destination in
Khartoum, Sudan with an intermediate stop in the Syrian capital of Damascus. The flight departed Amman with an unserviceable and inhibited No. 1 engine thrust reverser, having arrived as such from Cairo the previous
451:
The airport was immediately shut down due to the accident and rescue services were deployed to the crash site. However, the rescue operation was hampered by the shortage of search and rescue personnel, the lack of communication equipment among rescue personnel, rough surfaces around the crash site,
577:
However, several officials also blamed "defects" on the aircraft as the cause of the accident. Director of
Khartoum International Airport Youssef Ibrahim stated that the crash was caused by an explosion on the right engine. He reiterated that the aircraft had landed safely and that the pilots were
460:
In the immediate aftermath of the crash, news media stated that up to 120 people might have been killed in the accident, as the head of medical services, Major
General Muhammad Osman Mahjoub, reported Reuters that there were 120 bodies on the site. The number was later reduced to 100 and was later
573:
Thoughts on the causes of the crash were initially split into several theories. Most survivors stated that as the aircraft overran the runway, a fire immediately developed on the right wing of the aircraft. They also confirmed that prior to its landing that the weather was rough. Several people,
345:
of the flight on a wet runway, aggravated with the non-deployment of the autobrake and one of the Airbus A310's two engine reversers. The inclement weather condition and the crew's lack of information on the weather were cited as contributing factors. Following the accident, Sudan's Air
Accident
630:
deactivated. The inoperative reverser caused the plane to veer to the right when the captain activated reverse thrust in both engines. Low visibility and heavy rain and winds were also present at the time of the accident. Contributing to the long landing flare was the fact the crew had been
538:
Additionally, news media reported that 17 people were treated for mild injuries, including the pilot of the flight. An additional 111 people reportedly survived without any injuries. The final report, however, did not specify any injuries on the passengers and the crew members.
903:
542:
According to the final tally, out of 203 passengers and 11 crew members on board the aircraft, 29 passengers and 1 crew member lost their lives. Many of the casualties were children with disabilities, as well as seniors returning from treatment in Amman.
452:
lack of emergency exit routes and participation of civil defense fire vehicles. Multiple ambulances were mobilized to the airport to take injured passengers to hospitals across
Khartoum. One bus was deployed to take surviving passengers for examination.
340:
The investigation was conducted by Sudan's Air
Accident Investigation Central Directorate with assistance from the French Bureau of Enquiry and Analysis for Civil Aviation Safety (BEA). The investigation concluded that the accident was caused by the
590:
Investigators analysed multiple findings and made a sequence of events based on the findings. These findings include data from both flight recorders, weather data, information on the airport infrastructure and data collected from flight simulation.
581:
Other survivors also blamed the pilots for a "very rough" landing. The Civil
Aviation Authority of Sudan stated that the pilots might have caused the aircraft to land hard on the runway. The rough landing might have caused "cylinders" to blow.
410:
Jordanian officials stated that the aircraft carried 34 passengers from Amman, while in
Damascus it took on another 169 passengers. A sandstorm and heavy rain prevented the aircraft from landing in Khartoum, and forced the crew to divert to
393:
The captain was 60-year-old Abdul-Qader Saeed, he had logged 14,180 flight hours, including 3,088 hours on the Airbus A310. The first officer was 50-year-old Ali Fazaa, he had logged 9,879 hours, 3,347 of them were on the Airbus A310.
461:
revised to 28 as officials discovered that many of the survivors had left the scene, hence mistakenly declared as dead or missing. The number of people who were declared missing reached 53, before being revised down to 14.
418:
As the flight approached
Khartoum, the flight crew were given weather details. Flight 109 received clearance from air traffic control and began to land. The flight touched down at Khartoum Airport at 17:26 UTC, but
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thrust reverser. The deactivated left engine thrust reverser caused an asymmetrical power, as the aircraft started to veer to the right. The pilot managed to get the aircraft back to the centre line.
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leakage on the left wing and right wing. As the aircraft hit some structures on the ground, it severed the leakage. The fire then started when the aircraft came to a full stop.
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was present at the airport. Pilots were also informed on the precipitation in the airport. As Flight 109 got its clearance to land, the crew prepared the aircraft for landing.
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A state funeral for the passengers and crew member who died on the flight was held in
Khartoum on 11 June. The funeral was attended by Sudan President
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Prior to Flight 109's landing, the crew had been informed on the weather condition in the airport. Khartoum Tower incorrectly reported that
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1351:"Final Report: Accident involving Sudan Airways Airbus 310, Registration ST-ATN, At Khartoum Airport, On 10th of June 2008 at 1726 UTC"
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998:
776:"Final Report: Accident involving Sudan Airways Airbus 310, Registration ST-ATN, At Khartoum Airport, On 10th of June 2008 at 1726 UTC"
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talking with ATC workers when the crash happened. Several survivors also reported that an explosion had occurred on the right engine.
346:
Investigation Central Directorate issued several recommendations, mainly on better training and better infrastructure on the airport.
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didn't realize this. Due to this, Flight 109 touched down at about 850–900 m (2,790–2,950 ft) from the runway threshold.
423:
and came to rest 215 m (705 ft) beyond the end of runway 36. A fire then erupted on the starboard side of the aircraft.
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933:[A critical Airbus document on the A310 could solve the mystery of the ill-fated plane's crash].
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and several senior state officials. The funeral ceremony was attended by more than 5,000 people.
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906:[14 missing and 30 bodies recovered following the ill-fated 'Flight 109'].
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on 10 March 2001. The aircraft was finally registered ST-ATN, and was delivered to
366:
ST-ATN, that had its maiden flight on 23 August 1990 as F-WWCV. Equipped with twin-
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including Sudan Airways, blamed bad weather as the main cause of the incident.
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for landing, when they actually had a 15 kn (28 km/h; 17 mph)
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incorrectly informed that they had a 7 kn (13 km/h; 8.1 mph)
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The aircraft involved in the accident is seen here on approach to
931:"وثيقة خطيرة من ايربص عن الA310 قد تحل لغز تحطم الطائرة المنكوبة"
1417:
1328:
845:"Accident information : Airbus A310 Sudan Airways ST-ATN"
717:
330:
1201:"Officials adjust Sudan plane crash death toll to 28: report"
390:, it had accumulated 52,000 flight hours and 21,000 cycles.
1047:"BREAKING NEWS: Sudanese plane crashes at Khartoum Airport"
904:"14 مفقوداً وانتشال30جثة في ختام الرحلة المشؤومة رقم «109»"
1857:
Airliner accidents and incidents involving runway overruns
1369:
Bureau of Enquiry and Analysis for Civil Aviation Safety
794:
Bureau of Enquiry and Analysis for Civil Aviation Safety
1136:"Survivor of Sudan jetliner fire says: 'It was panic'"
1391:
1296:"Fatal Sudan A310 overrun crew unaware of tailwind"
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1852:Airliner accidents and incidents caused by weather
1356:. Air Accident Investigation Central Directorate,
1294:
1165:
1104:"Sudan Airways Airbus crashes at Khartoum airport"
781:. Air Accident Investigation Central Directorate,
618:The overrun was caused by a combination of a long
565:) was on board the flight and survived unscathed.
378:9V-STU. Re-registered VT-EVF, it was delivered to
1867:Accidents and incidents involving the Airbus A310
444:Associated Press video on the crash of Flight 109
1074:"At least 30 killed in Sudanese airliner blaze"
876:"Sudan A310 "veered off runway" during landing"
770:
768:
766:
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762:
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1367:from the original on 11 June 2014 – via
792:from the original on 11 June 2014 – via
758:
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746:
744:
742:
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1429:
1167:"At least 28 die in Sudan air crash disaster"
354:The aircraft involved in the accident was an
8:
713:"Passenger plane crashes in flames in Sudan"
337:, killing 30 of the 214 occupants on board.
28:
809:
807:
805:
803:
1436:
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463:
329:. On 10 June 2008, at approximately 17:26
27:
1847:Aviation accidents and incidents in Sudan
985:
983:
1842:Aviation accidents and incidents in 2008
1324:"14 still missing after air crash blaze"
1228:
1226:
991:"120 feared killed in Sudan plane crash"
333:, the Airbus A310 crashed on landing at
1398:
1293:Kaminski-Morrow, David (8 April 2013).
701:from the original on 11 September 2016.
659:
510:
429:
1837:Sudan Airways accidents and incidents
1001:from the original on 27 February 2021
403:day, with the outage labeled per the
370:powerplants, it was delivered new to
7:
1540:Andersen Air Force Base B-2 accident
1264:"Miracle of surviving Sudan inferno"
224:Port Sudan New International Airport
1480:Macedonian Armed Forces Mi-17 crash
1311:from the original on 17 April 2015.
1021:"Up to 100 dead in Sudan air crash"
317:passenger flight, operated with an
1336:from the original on 28 July 2010.
1234:"Probe into Sudan's plane inferno"
1053:from the original on 10 April 2021
976:from the original on 11 June 2014.
685:"Dozens killed in Sudan air crash"
622:, the wet runway, landing without
14:
1550:Biggin Hill Cessna Citation crash
1530:Santa Bárbara Airlines Flight 518
1274:from the original on 24 July 2019
1211:from the original on 10 June 2022
1146:from the original on 10 June 2022
1116:from the original on 29 June 2012
1084:from the original on 10 June 2022
1027:from the original on 30 June 2018
964:"Dozens die in Sudan jet inferno"
941:from the original on 28 June 2016
874:Learmount, David (13 June 2008).
855:from the original on 10 June 2022
825:from the original on 10 June 2019
386:on 1 December 2007. According to
1800:Continental Airlines Flight 1404
1680:Iran Aseman Airlines Flight 6895
1446:Aviation accidents and incidents
1401:
1379:. Sudan Civil Aviation Authority
1377:"Sudan Airways Airbus 310 Crash"
1178:from the original on 13 May 2020
1072:Heavens, Andrew (10 June 2008).
683:Heavens, Andrew (11 June 2008).
438:
433:Immediate aftermath of the crash
194:Queen Alia International Airport
34:
1730:South Carolina Learjet 60 crash
1244:from the original on 6 May 2021
1049:. Sudan Tribune. 10 June 2008.
929:Adlan, Ibrahim (12 June 2008).
465:People on board by nationality
1780:XL Airways Germany Flight 888T
1630:Centurion Air Cargo Flight 164
1560:Blue Wing Airlines An-28 crash
1358:Sudan Civil Aviation Authority
783:Sudan Civil Aviation Authority
335:Khartoum International Airport
239:Khartoum International Airport
209:Damascus International Airport
89:Khartoum International Airport
1:
1600:Moskovia Airlines Flight 9675
1570:Kata Air Transport Flight 007
1580:Hewa Bora Airways Flight 122
1500:Polish Air Force C-295 crash
626:, and landing with the port
673:. Retrieved on 5 June 2012.
42:Dubai International Airport
1893:
1872:June 2008 events in Africa
18:
1809:
1710:Conviasa Boeing 737 crash
1660:East Coast Jets Flight 81
1510:Eagle Airways Flight 2279
1490:British Airways Flight 38
1461:
910:(in Arabic). 12 June 2008
437:
33:
1750:Yeti Airlines Flight 101
1700:Sriwijaya Air Flight 062
1620:Sudan Airways Flight 109
1470:Transaven Turbolet crash
1174:. London. 11 June 2008.
1023:. RTE.ie. 10 June 2008.
649:Sudan Airways Flight 139
300:Sudan Airways Flight 109
29:Sudan Airways Flight 109
21:Sudan Airways Flight 139
19:Not to be confused with
1877:2008 disasters in Sudan
1189:(subscription required)
671:Aviation Safety Network
374:on 22 October 1990 and
1790:San Diego F/A-18 crash
1590:Kalitta Air Flight 207
851:. Airfleets aviation.
821:. Airfleets aviation.
405:Minimum Equipment List
16:2008 aviation accident
1690:Aéreo Ruta Maya crash
1270:. BBC. 11 June 2008.
1240:. BBC. 11 June 2008.
1207:. CBC. 10 June 2008.
815:"Airbus A310 MSN 548"
343:long flaring distance
115:15.60500°N 32.55306°E
886:Flight International
667:Accident description
1818:► 2009
1812:2007 ◄
1770:Ryanair Flight 4102
1720:Aeroflot Flight 821
1670:Spanair Flight 5022
1520:Belavia Flight 1834
1360:. 3 November 2010.
785:. 3 November 2010.
563:Parliament of Sudan
466:
111: /
30:
1815:
586:Sequence of events
554:Notable passengers
464:
421:overran the runway
372:Singapore Airlines
136:Aircraft type
120:15.60500; 32.55306
44:in April 2008
1824:
1823:
1760:Mexico City crash
849:www.airfleets.net
819:www.airfleets.net
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350:Aircraft and crew
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1740:Qantas Flight 72
1650:Qantas Flight 30
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1332:. 11 June 2008.
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892:on 30 July 2012.
888:. Archived from
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721:. Archived from
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628:thrust reverser
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561:(Member of the
559:Abbas al-Fadini
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356:Airbus A310-324
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164:ICAO flight No.
156:IATA flight No.
140:Airbus A310-300
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1344:External links
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74:Runway overrun
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1862:2008 in Sudan
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569:Investigation
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190:Flight origin
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1619:
1381:. Retrieved
1327:
1318:
1305:Flightglobal
1288:
1276:. Retrieved
1267:
1258:
1246:. Retrieved
1237:
1213:. Retrieved
1204:
1195:
1180:. Retrieved
1171:
1160:
1148:. Retrieved
1140:Toronto Star
1139:
1130:
1120:11 September
1118:. Retrieved
1107:
1098:
1086:. Retrieved
1077:
1067:
1055:. Retrieved
1041:
1029:. Retrieved
1015:
1003:. Retrieved
995:The Guardian
994:
967:
943:. Retrieved
934:
924:
912:. Retrieved
907:
898:
890:the original
881:Flightglobal
879:
869:
857:. Retrieved
848:
839:
827:. Retrieved
818:
727:. Retrieved
723:the original
716:
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470:Nationality
459:
450:
425:
417:
409:
401:
392:
353:
339:
323:flag carrier
299:
298:
205:1st stopover
181:Registration
175:SUDANAIR 109
78:long flaring
65:10 June 2008
25:
1278:26 December
1248:26 December
1215:26 December
1150:26 December
1088:26 December
1057:26 December
1031:26 December
1005:26 December
473:Passengers
398:Description
364:tail number
319:Airbus A310
235:Destination
118: /
1831:Categories
859:25 January
829:25 January
655:References
624:autobrakes
614:Conclusion
596:a headwind
456:Casualties
413:Port Sudan
376:registered
325:of Sudan,
274:Fatalities
258:Passengers
228:Port Sudan
106:32°33′11″E
103:15°36′18″N
1172:The Times
914:29 August
380:Air India
290:Survivors
250:Occupants
172:Call sign
1408:Aviation
1362:Archived
1334:Archived
1309:Archived
1272:Archived
1268:BBC News
1242:Archived
1238:BBC News
1209:Archived
1205:CBC News
1176:Archived
1144:Archived
1114:Archived
1082:Archived
1051:Archived
1025:Archived
999:Archived
974:Archived
969:BBC News
939:Archived
853:Archived
823:Archived
787:Archived
699:Archived
643:See also
637:tailwind
633:headwind
407:(MEL).
315:Khartoum
311:Damascus
282:Injuries
243:Khartoum
213:Damascus
200:, Jordan
146:Operator
131:Aircraft
95:, Sudan
93:Khartoum
80:distance
57:Accident
1450: (
1448:in 2008
1383:11 June
1182:11 June
1078:Reuters
908:Al-Raya
729:10 June
695:Reuters
669:at the
321:by the
245:, Sudan
230:, Sudan
215:, Syria
76:due to
70:Summary
48:2008-04
46: (
1796:Dec 20
1776:Nov 27
1766:Nov 10
1726:Sep 19
1716:Sep 14
1706:Aug 30
1696:Aug 28
1686:Aug 24
1676:Aug 24
1666:Aug 20
1656:Jul 31
1646:Jul 25
1636:Jul 21
1616:Jun 10
1606:May 30
1596:May 26
1586:May 25
1576:Apr 15
1566:Apr 11
1546:Mar 30
1536:Feb 23
1526:Feb 21
1516:Feb 14
1496:Jan 23
1486:Jan 17
1476:Jan 12
1394:Portal
1313:
1301:London
945:10 May
513:
484:Sudan
479:Total
388:Airbus
368:PW4152
185:ST-ATN
167:SUD109
1786:Dec 8
1756:Nov 4
1746:Oct 8
1736:Oct 7
1626:Jul 7
1556:Apr 3
1506:Feb 8
1466:Jan 4
1365:(PDF)
1354:(PDF)
790:(PDF)
779:(PDF)
516:Total
498:Iraq
362:548,
307:Amman
198:Amman
159:SD109
1452:2008
1385:2008
1280:2020
1250:2020
1217:2020
1184:2008
1152:2020
1122:2012
1090:2020
1059:2020
1033:2020
1007:2020
947:2024
916:2024
861:2012
831:2012
731:2008
493:212
487:201
476:Crew
266:Crew
85:Site
62:Date
1329:CNN
718:CNN
531:214
521:203
490:11
360:c/n
331:UTC
293:184
261:203
253:214
1833::
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526:11
507:2
504:0
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358:,
285:17
277:30
269:11
241:,
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91:,
1454:)
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863:.
833:.
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313:–
309:–
50:)
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
