912:
opposition against
Finnish conscripts being obliged to undertake their military service in Russian units. As the last Finnish military unit the Rifle battalion became a target of ever stronger Russian criticism. After the murder of General-Governor Bobrikov, Czarist policy towards Finland became more relaxed, and the future of the Guard of Finland was left open. Finnish public opinion expressed a hope that the battalion might become a volunteer (non-conscript) unit, but the leadership of the Russian army refused the idea. In 1905, Russia decided that the Finnish contribution to the defence of the Russian Empire should become monetary (i.e. take the form of a tax instead of service). After this, separate Finnish military units were seen as redundant. The Finnish Guards' Rifle Battalion was accordingly disbanded on 21 November 1905.
1102:
414:
adjutant, and any other officers were temporarily assigned on secondment from other units of the army. With its promotion to a guard unit, the battalion received 17 permanent officers. Furthermore, the battalion still had to accept all the qualified
Finnish noblemen willing to enter military service as non-commissioned officers, as long as they could pay their own living costs until a vacancy for a commissioned officer opened up and they were promoted to commissioned officers. As a result, the battalion became a career shortcut for young noblemen wanting to become officers. In 1829, the command language of the battalion was changed to
717:. Some of the battalion's men had during the beginning of the war already served in the life-guard of Alexander II. The Finnish battalion was mobilised on the 3 of August 1877, and its size was increased by 200 men. As the battalion left Helsinki on 6 September, it included 719 marksmen, 72 non-commissioned officers, 54 musicians, 21 officers and a few military civil servants. The participation of the battalion in the war was yet again seen as a source of national pride. As it left Helsinki, a large farewell party was held in which the upper classes of the capital took part. The battalion was sent by rail to
321:
1457:
957:
937:
After this, the battalion consisted only of the regular NCOs, bandsmen and a rump contingent of 37 conscripts. The old and new colours, as well as the uniforms of three late emperors that had been preserved in the church-room of the Guards' Barracks, were sent back to St. Petersburg on 6 September. The final disestablishment of the unit took so much time that the last officers and men were discharged only on 14 March 1906. On that date, colonel
Mexmontan gave his last order of the day, noting that the Finnish Guard no longer existed.
429:, the Guard referred to the guard of the sovereign, the Russian Emperor. For this reason, the Finnish Rifle Battalion also participated in public duties in Saint Petersburg, including those pertaining to the protection of the Emperor as the commander in chief of the army and navy. Just like elsewhere in the world, the Russian guard regiments held a clearly more esteemed social position in comparison to regular line infantry. As a result, the units of the Guard enjoyed special privileges; the members of the Imperial family served as
916:
857:, was appointed commander of the military of the Grand Duchy in 1880, and half of the commanders of the newly founded conscript battalions were officers of the Finnish Guard. All the officers in the NCO training battalion were former members of the Guard. The Finnish Guards' Rifle Battalion, the Guard, also became a part of the conscription army, and the former voluntary recruitment ended. At an early stage it was planned that the Guards' Battalion be recruited only from the southern
370:
47:
701:
596:, which had been reintroduced during the Crimean War, was ramped down in 1867 in response to the famine of 1866â67, the battalion was left as the only operational Finnish military unit. The organization of the Russian military was reformed in 1871 and all rifle battalions were formed into a single rifle brigade, which the Finnish Rifle Battalion was also attached to. At the same time, its name was changed to "The 3rd Finnish life guard rifle battalion".
472:
552:. The battalion was considered to enjoy a special relationship of trust with the Russian Emperor, and when the Emperor visited Helsinki, he and the male members of his family usually wore the uniform of the battalion. After the Emperor died, the uniforms were handed over to the battalion, which stored and preserved them as valuable relics, placed on display in showcase, inside a dedicated church-hall in the Guards' Barracks.
861:, but later, it was decided that conscripts could be enlisted from all over the Grand Duchy in order to maintain the strength of the unit. It was feared, that otherwise, not enough volunteers would apply, since the annual exercises in Krasnoye Selo made service more demanding than in other units. The Guard was also the only portion of the conscription army which could be sent for missions outside of Finland.
493:
always present during the opening ceremony of parliament. During the 19th century, the numerous
Russian and Finnish troops based in Helsinki and their frequent parades gave the capital quite a militaristic tone, with various incidents caused by the soldiers becoming a part of the normal life of the city. The Finnish Guards' Rifle battalion had responsibility for general guard in Helsinki every Saturday.
629:
406:
247:
825:
the war of
Bulgarian independence, the Russian troops of that war have enjoyed special appreciation in Bulgaria. In the Bulgarian textbooks, it has traditionally been recognized, that the war effort included Russian, Romanian and also Finnish soldiers. In this way, the memory of the battalion has been preserved in Bulgaria. At the battlefield of Gorni Dubnik, there is today the
692:. During that time, the war ended as Alexander II agreed to peace. After taking part in the crowning of the new Emperor in Moscow, the Finnish battalion finally returned to Helsinki on 29 September 1856. Despite not fighting a single battle, the battalion was recorded to have lost 654 men, however the true figure may be even higher.
304:. By the summer of 1813, two other regiments had also been formed; the first consisting of the battalions in Turku and HĂ€meenlinna and the second of battalions in Heinola and Kuopio. This military force consisting of a few thousand men, however, had little significance to Finnish defense. The force suffered from a lack of
932:
this change, the
Finnish Guard should have, according to the authorities, been incorporated in the Rifle Brigade of the Guard. However, Emperor Nicholas II disbanded the battalion on 7 August. Obolensky wanted the unit to be disbanded during the Krasnoye Selo exercises, but the commander of the battalion,
492:
as it was based in the center of the capital city of
Helsinki. With time, it became a national symbol, despite its small size, as it highlighted the special status Finland enjoyed within the Russian Empire. The battalion participated in state ceremonies and from 1863 onwards, one of its companies was
451:
and, in March, all the way to Poland. The battalion received its baptism of fire in the beginning of the April, together with other imperial forces and
Finnish soldiers quickly got a reputation as good marksmen. The mission of the battalion was to evict Polish forces from the area between the Bug and
931:
was afraid that Finns might start a separatist rebellion. On 9 April 1905, the
Finnish Guard's Rifle Battalion left Helsinki for the annual Krasnoye Selo exercises for the last time, in an atmosphere of crisis. Ten days later, the disestablishment of the Finnish Military District was announced. With
829:, where among the war memorials, there is also a memorial of Finnish soldiers and a common grave. Finnish Defence Forces and political establishment still participate in the Bulgarian memorial celebrations of the battle. In Finland, the memorial of the Russo-Turkish war was used in 1956 by president
824:
A memorial for the war was erected on the grounds of Guards' Barracks, where the names of the dead were marked. It was enshrined on the annual of Gorni Dubnik battle on 24 October 1881. There are 27 names in the memorial, including some who died later in epidemics. As the Russo-Turkish War was also
564:
for a couple of days to serve as guards and to entertain the
Emperor with parades. According to tradition, Nicholas I and his family were always eagerly awaiting the arrival of the Finns. After the war games, the emperor inspected the battalion once again and recognized each soldier with one ruble,
272:
and many other officials in Finland found it important that in addition to the Russian troops stationed in Finland there was also a domestic military force to respond to any possible future uncertainties. These units were formed of willing recruits as well as pressed vagabonds. The intention was to
972:
In 1910, all Guards' Rifle Battalions were raised to regimental strength. At that time, a Russian unit established in 1799 as a garrison battalion of the Guard, which had later operated as a reserve infantry regiment, was given the name of His Majesty's Life Guard's 3rd Rifle Regiment, thus taking
413:
As the battalion gained a higher standing, its strength was also increased to 600 guardsmen. At the same time, it was specified that only men taller than 5 feet and 6,5-inches (168 cm) could be recruited. The Helsinki Training Battalion had only had two permanent officers; a commander and his
936:
was able to persuade his superiors to allow the unit to be disbanded in a more respectful manner. The battalion held its last parade in Krasnoye Selo on 9 August, and returned to Finland on 28 August to begin disbanding. Most of the rank and file were discharged between 31 August and 2 September.
792:
between 15â17 January. This came to be its last battle. The battle of Philippopolis was, in fact, larger than that of Gorni Dubnik, but the Guard of Finland only suffered four wounded casualties. Thus, it never became as legendary an event in the battalion's history as the battle of Gorni Dubnik.
820:
epidemic, which continued until their return home. The battalion returned to Helsinki on the 9 of May 1878 to a festive reception. The Finnish battalion lost during the Turkish War 24 men in battles, later an additional six wounded perished. In the epidemics, a total of 158 men, of which 12 were
360:
The Finnish military force was re-organised into six rifle battalions by an imperial order in March 1827. The Helsinki Battalion was renamed to the Finnish Training Rifle Battalion and its size was increased from 400 men to 500. Within two months of this change, recruitment for the other Finnish
911:
Between 1901 and 1902, eight officers from the Rifle Battalion resigned in protest against the conscription law which they considered illegal. Their positions were filled with other officers, and the battalion remained as before. Subsequently, the "draft strikes movement" organised large-scale
446:
in 1831. In Finland, the mobilization of the battalion was met in the press and within the battalion with positivity and pride. Sending Finnish forces outside of the borders, or taking part to crush the Polish Uprising was no cause of scruples for Finns. The battalion left Finland on the 12 of
479:
The battalion spent the winter of 1831â32 in BirĆŸai in Latvia, before returning to Helsinki. They lost only ten men in combat, including one officer. However, as many as 399 men died due to illnesses and epidemics on the front. After the November Uprising, on 18 December 1831, Russian Emperor
949:
316:
was in service continuously, as the enlisted personnel of the other regiments only gathered once per year for a four week military exercise, in addition to the officers who gathered for meetings in the six weeks prior to these exercises. Two of the regiments were changed to regular infantry
480:
Nicholas I presented the battalion with the Saint George's Guards Colour with the honorific "In honour of the defeating the Polish uprising in 1831" surrounding the emblem of the battalion in honor of the services rendered in the campaign. The same flag was in use until its disbandment.
433:
of guards' units and officers assigned from the Guard to the normal line-regiments received an automatic promotion to the next rank. In Finland, the guard battalion received special appreciation from the public because it represented Finland's part in the defense of the Russian Empire.
277:, not for conflicts outside of Finnish borders. The units were to be financed by crowd-sourcing, but the collected funds did not come close to matching the need. Finally it was decided that the Russian state was to bear the capital cost of weapons and other military hardware, while the
361:
units was ceased and they were ultimately disbanded in 1830. After this, the Helsinki Battalion was the only remainder of the military force formed in 1812. Until the end of the 1870s, the battalion was manned by volunteer Finns, most of whom were part of the Finnish lower classes.
547:
in 1904. Alexander III held the position of honorary commander until his death, after which Nicholas II took over the position. The first commander of the battalion Anders Edvard Ramsay received an appointment as the second honorary commander in 1868, sharing this honour with the
512:, where the Russian Embassy is located today. With the development of more powerful rifles, bullets were no longer stopped by the walls of the Punavuori shooting range, but flew out to the sea, causing a danger to marine traffic. Thus, in 1865, the battalion got a new gallery in
385:
announced that it would be promoted to the rank of Young Guard. In the order of the day for the following day, the name of the battalion was given as "Finnish life-guards' rifle battalion" and it was attached to the 4th brigade, 2nd infantry division of the imperial life guards.
888:
in July 1901. According to the new legislation, Finns now had to serve in regular Russian units. This decision reflected a general political bias by the Russian Imperial government against regional autonomy, including the creation of separate military units.
555:
During times of peace, the annual highlight of the battalion was their participation in war games in Krasnoye Selo. The Emperor oversaw the exercises in person. At most there were some 80000 men participating in the 10-week spectacle. During the reign of
712:
The most famous action of the battalion was their participation in the Turkish War in Bulgaria 1877â78. They were deployed with numerous other units in autumn 1877, as the Russian offensive had been stalled due to failed attempts to take the fortress of
344:
Nils Gylling. This became the basis for the Finnish Training Battalion and started operations in the summer of 1818. The battalion was assigned to Helsinki and named The Battalion of Helsinki. The first command was assigned to lieutenant colonel
214:
to guard the western border of Russia. However, it did not engage in combat during these deployments. During peace time, the battalion was responsible for guard duty in Helsinki and participated in the Russian military exercises held annually in
756:
of the fortress. In this battle, the battalion lost 22 men and 95 wounded, including 8 officers, 5 non-commissioned officers and five bandsmen. Two of the wounded died soon after the battle. In total some 3,300 Russians died in the operation.
422:. However, the orders of the day and correspondence were still nonetheless written in Swedish for the battalions entire operational history. Additionally, during the last years of the unit, a parallel diary was also kept in Finnish language.
620:
on the 8 of August. It did not get closer to Hungary, before Hungarian forces were defeated and the campaign ended. The Finnish Battalion returned home on the 17 of October. Thou the battalion did not engage in combat, they suffered from
531:, was appointed as honorary commander of the battalion as a 3 month old baby, in 1845. It was a remarkable tribute to the battalion and its first company was named "The company of His Majesty" in gratitude. Prince Alexander (later
871:
From the end of the 19th century onwards it was intended that the Finnish military be merged with the regular Russian Army. In 1882 the uniforms were reformed to be more in line with the Russian style. The Governor General
452:
Narew rivers, at the same time as the main Russian Forces were fighting in the south. During May the battalion had to execute a fighting retreat as a result of the effective Polish counter offensive, all the way to
357:, was completed in 1822 and the Training Battalion moved in on 23 December 1824. The name of the battalion was changed to the Helsinki Training Battalion in 1819 and then to the Finnish Training Battalion in 1824.
973:
the position held formerly by the Finnish Guard's Rifle Battalion. These two units had, however, different lineages and they should not be confused. The 3rd Guards' Rifle Regiment was disbanded in 1918.
644:
on 18 of March 1854. It stayed there until the spring and took part in guard duty at the palace, which was considered to be a dignified honorary mission. During SeptemberâOctober the battalion moved to
940:
After the disestablishment of the Finnish Guards' Rifle Battalion, Finland was, for the first time since 1812, without a domestic military. This situation continued until the independence of Finland .
736:
The Guards' Rifle Brigade was commanded by major general Alexander Ellis and, consequently, the Finnish Guard's Rifle battalion belonged throughout the war in the army commanded by Lieutenant General
1004:). At the same time, the unit received the lineage and traditions of the Guard of Finland, including the insignia, anniversary and march of the Guard. In 1996, the Guards' Battalion became a part of
665:
invasion. Again, the Finnish battalion did not face combat, but still, most of its soldiers died, due to a severe cholera epidemic. During the spring and summer of 1855 the unit was moved around in
752:
on the 24 of October was the first battle in decades to involve the Finnish battalion, and became its most renowned one. Finns belonged to the unit which conducted an offensive against the main
390:
continued as the battalion commander. Although the battalion was now a part of the imperial life-guard and under the jurisdiction of its inspector, it also fell under the command of the
265:, which became the anniversary of the battalion. As per the imperial order, Finland had to form three rifle units, consisting each of two battalions of 600 men, totaling 3600 men. The
1008:, but it retained its old name. Currently, the Guards' Battalion considers itself a successor unit of the Finnish Guards' Rifle Battalion, and it counts its history from year 1812.
187:. For the most of its history, the battalion also functioned as the only operational Finnish military unit. Because of its status as both a national showpiece and as a part of the
984:) was established. This regiment was quartered at the old barracks of the Guard of Finland, and considered itself as part of its lineage. The regiment was disbanded after the
772:. Procopé could not take command until January 1878, so lieutenant colonel Julius Sundman commanded the battalion in the meantime. In November, Gurko's army proceeded towards
688:, so the Finnish battalion was called home. However, due to the epidemic, it was not allowed into Helsinki, but remained quartered for the following winter and spring in the
592:
faced budget cuts and the size of the battalion was decreased in early 1860. The Finnish grenadier battalion formed in 1846 was also disbanded in the same year. After the
565:
one pound of meat and a sip of spirit. Later the meat was replaced with herring. The tradition to serve a herring and a drink to the men was abolished during the reign of
1598:
919:
The Guards' Rifle Battalion in a prayer service on the courtyard of the Guard Barracks on 9 April 1905, before its last deployment to the exercises at Krasnoye Selo.
788:, but after crossing the mountain, it was moved back to Ellis's Guards' Brigade. The battalion took part in the peaceful takeover of Sofia on January 5 and in the
536:
1409:
1380:
784:
pass. Due to insufficient resources, crossing the mountains became difficult. The battalion was at the time attached to a unit commanded by general major
900:), continued to exist. However the Finnish Dragoons were disbanded the same year, when its officers resigned as a group, in protest against the way
194:
The Finnish Guards' Battalion participated in four campaigns outside Finland. Two of these included actual combat: first in 1831 during the Polish
544:
377:
In July 1829 the Finnish Training Battalion was suddenly ordered to join the imperial life-guards' exercise camp in Krasnoye Selo, south-west of
300:
between 31 March 1813 and 31 August 1814, while the majority of the Russian Army was tied in Western and Central Europe in the battles against
176:
349:. Because there were no suitable preexisting facilities in Helsinki at the time, the battalion remained for training in HĂ€meenlinna until the
996:), which was part of the field army. After the Second World War, the unit was renamed a number of times, until in 1957, it received the name
580:. The size of the battalion was increased in 1840, after which the Guards' Barracks had to be expanded with an annex building on the side of
1583:
952:
The colour of the current Guards' Battalion of the Guard Jaeger Regiment. Note the dates embroidered on the flag: 1812, 1829, 1905, 1957.
640:. This time there was a fear that the war could reach Finland and Helsinki itself, but regardless the battalion was commanded to head to
394:, who commanded all of the forces located in Finland. The costs of the Finnish Rifle Battalion were still paid from the accounts of the
105:
1061:
876:
noted, that organizational differences and the Finnish officers' lack of knowledge of the Russian language were issues to be fixed.
853:
was enacted in 1878 and the first intake of conscripts entered service in 1881. The former commander of the Finnish Guard, General
1552:. Valtakunnallisesti merkittÀvÀt rakennetut kulttuuriympÀristöt. Finnish Bureau of Antiquities. 2009-12-22. Retrieved 2015-12-22.
320:
199:
1588:
789:
1593:
988:
in December 1940. After that, the guarding and ceremonial duties in Helsinki were handled by Helsinki Garrison Battalion (
893:
1568:
605:
251:
207:
97:
179:
during 1829â1905 based in Helsinki. Continuing the legacy of the Finnish Training Battalion (1817), it was part of the
956:
928:
834:
740:. Gourko's operations were successful, but they often caused significant casualties. In October, Gourko's task was to
737:
391:
266:
908:. After this, the Rifle Battalion (of the Guard) survived as the only separate Finnish military unit in existence.
837:
contingent deployed to Suez and a common Finnish-Bulgarian memorial ceremony is held at the memorial twice a year.
804:, but the battalion was not directly involved. At the end of the war, the Finnish Battalion marched all the way to
1406:
1377:
1012:
785:
398:. Along with the new name and rank, the battalion received new uniforms and a colour, which was consecrated and
1356:
1011:
The original barracks of the Finnish Guards' Rifle Battalion now house the Finnish Ministry of Defence and the
915:
593:
1440:
769:
1044:
VÀÀpeli LemminkĂ€isen pĂ€ivĂ€kirja Suomen kaartin retkestĂ€ Konstantinopolin muurien edustalle vuosina 1877â1878
850:
744:
from the west by taking over the Turkish positions on the highway to Sofia. The first was the stronghold of
566:
528:
399:
188:
184:
145:
905:
468:
from the west. From 6 to 8 September 1831 the guards riflemen joined the Imperial forces that took Warsaw.
965:
749:
532:
489:
269:
258:
203:
854:
761:
1005:
961:
885:
813:
676:
in September 1855, the Russian Army anticipated that the coalition could move the troops freed from the
608:, the Finnish Guards' Rifle Battalion was again deployed. It left Helsinki on 31 May sailing to Latvian
540:
430:
262:
235:
180:
346:
765:
557:
524:
387:
382:
350:
332:
In the autumn of 1817, the Vyborg regiment was split into two battalions, one of which was moved to
1534:
509:
948:
745:
501:
369:
46:
924:
581:
513:
661:, but Russia held a large contingent of troops back to secure the western border, in case of an
336:. A part of this new battalion was further separated into a special command of 274 men, left to
700:
292:
The first of these three regiments to begin operations was the 3rd regiment, also known as the
1057:
933:
801:
443:
395:
354:
325:
278:
195:
93:
1549:
989:
977:
901:
873:
858:
777:
689:
685:
650:
641:
448:
419:
415:
378:
297:
227:
168:
160:
136:
128:
120:
471:
1413:
1384:
846:
741:
223:
457:
776:. After the capture of Plevna in December, Gourko decided to take his troops across the
809:
718:
617:
609:
409:
Finnish Guards in the uniforms of 1828. Two privates and a trumpeter in the background.
337:
65:
442:
The first combat deployment of the battalion was to the campaign to defeat the Polish
1577:
830:
817:
577:
341:
282:
273:
use these units only within Finnish territory and in defense of the coastline of the
226:
in Helsinki has been named after the battalion, as it is where the Guards' Barracks (
216:
1025:
897:
884:
The Finnish "conscription army" was abolished by a new conscription law enacted by
865:
628:
589:
83:
1035:
Suomen Kaartinpataljoonan upseeristo lĂ€hdettĂ€essĂ€ VenĂ€jĂ€n â Turkin sotaan 4.9.1877
453:
405:
246:
1070:
BĂ€ckström, Ă
ke: Full cirkel; Finska Gardets befÀl 1829 och 1906. Genos 67 (1996)
976:
After the Finnish independence, a regiment with the name of Finnish White Guard (
826:
805:
705:
637:
585:
285:
for their entire 6 year military contract, as well as one and a half barrels of
211:
101:
535:) was also listed in the rolls of the battalion in 1848, just as his older son
985:
797:
781:
681:
673:
666:
274:
17:
677:
622:
549:
505:
305:
496:
The battalion first had its shooting practice with the Russian Army on the
1387:
Julkiset veistokset -database. Helsingin taidemuseo. Referenced 11.8.2013.
572:
Between 1837â1846, the battalion annually sent one of its officers to the
730:
654:
573:
561:
301:
1043:
324:
The Guards' Barracks by the Kasarmitori square in Helsinki, designed by
1428:
753:
722:
662:
461:
309:
1460:. RuotuvÀki/Finnish Defence Forces. 2014-10-24. Retrieved 2015-12-28.
780:
in the middle of the winter as a detour to avoid the heavily defended
460:, which marched the long way from the west in order to cross over the
206:
in 1877. The unit was also deployed in 1849 to assist in quelling the
1537:
Helsingin Reservin Sanomat 8â9/2013, p. 10-11. Retrieved 2015-12-28.
1034:
726:
714:
658:
646:
517:
497:
465:
426:
317:
regiments, while the third held its designation as a rifle regiment.
313:
293:
1218:
Ekman 2006, s. 84, 86â87, 90â91, 94, 98â100, 104â105, 109â111, 116.
955:
947:
914:
773:
699:
488:
The battalion was from its inception in a visible position in the
470:
368:
333:
245:
613:
296:
regiment. Its first assignment was to undertake guard duties in
1535:
Kaartin pataljoona â kaupungin vahdissa ja hallitsijan joukkona
238:
considers the Finnish Guard as a part of its official lineage.
475:
The Colour of the Battalion, commemorating the Polish campaign
286:
261:
was established by an imperial order on 18 September 1812 by
1359:
Suomen suurlÀhetystö, Sofia 6.11.2007. Retrieved 2015-12-28.
864:
The Finnish Guard took part also in the triannual drills in
202:. The most famous of the battles it participated in was the
1105:. Finnish Defence Forces. 2014-07-11. Retrieved 2015-12-28.
760:
After the battle of Gorni Dubnik, the battalion commander
704:
Monument honoring the Finnish Guards' Rifle Battalion in
1447:. The information is in the video, not in the text body.
365:
The establishment of the Finnish Guards' Rifle Battalion
560:, the battalion stopped on its way to Krasnoye Selo in
312:
and technical branches. Furthermore, only the unit in
1429:
Suomen kaarti vakiinnutti Pohjolan suhteet Bulgariaan
868:
which Alexander III came to observe in person twice.
612:(today Daugavgrīva). After spending June and July in
447:
January with a force of 746 men, marching by foot to
150:
328:, housed the Finnish Guard throughout its existence.
198:
and for the second time, on the Balkan front of the
892:For the moment The Guards' Rifle Battalion and the
800:, the battalion bore witness to the tragedy of the
89:
79:
71:
61:
53:
34:
281:bore the maintenance costs. Soldiers were paid 60
504:), before it got its dedicated shooting range in
373:The first flag of the Finnish Guards in 1829â1831
1416:Bulgarian Viesti 3/2002. Retrieved 2015-12-28.
833:as a location for inspecting the first Finnish
600:Hungarian Uprising 1849 and Crimean War 1854â56
1431:Turun Sanomat 27.4.2008. Retrieved 2015-12-28.
1317:Ekman 2006, s. 182â183, 187â188, 191, 194â196.
1056:(suom. Martti Ahti). Schildts, Helsinki 2006.
927:was spreading in Russia, the General Governor
816:came into effect. Here, the battalion faced a
1227:Ekman 2006, s. 45, 51, 355â357, 368, 388â389.
1098:
1096:
1026:Suomen Kaarti Balkanin sotaretkellĂ€ 1877â1878
125:Henkikaartin 3. Suomen Tarkkâampujapataljoona
40:Henkikaartin 3. Suomen Tarkkâampujapataljoona
8:
653:from where it was moved in February 1855 to
604:As Nicholas I sent 120,000 men to quell the
543:) at the time of his birth 1868 and his son
456:. After that, it joined the Russian Army in
141:ĐĐ”Đčб-ĐłĐČĐ°ŃЎОО 3-Đč ŃŃŃДлĐșĐŸĐČŃĐč Đ€ĐžĐœŃĐșĐžĐč баŃĐ°Đ»ŃĐŸĐœ
1520:
1518:
1516:
1514:
725:, from where it marched on foot across the
152:Leib-gvardii 3-j strelkovyi Finski bataljon
841:Application of compulsory military service
669:, but the cholera epidemic did not cease.
578:semi-permanent counter-insurgency campaign
45:
1443:. Yle. 2007-11-27. Retrieved 2015-12-28.
1407:Verisiteet yhdistÀvÀt Suomen ja Bulgarian
1368:Ekman 2006, s. 324â327, 330â333, 337â339.
1326:Ekman 2006, s. 73, 206â207, 210â211, 220.
133:Livgardets 3:e finska skarpskyttebataljon
1599:Expatriate military units and formations
1458:Gornyj Dubnjakin taistelu elÀÀ muistissa
1352:
1350:
733:on the 3 of October, reaching Bulgaria.
627:
404:
319:
1378:Gornij Dubnjakin taistelun muistomerkki
1357:130 vuotta Gornyi Dubnjakin taistelusta
1151:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1083:
1028:Genos (62) 1991. Retrieved 2015-12-28.
632:Finnish Guards' Rifle Battalion, 1850s.
402:to the battalion on 17 September 1829.
576:, where the Russian Army was waging a
31:
1344:Ekman 2006, s. 274â275, 284, 290â291.
7:
880:Disbandment of the Guards' Battalion
191:, it had a visible role in Finland.
904:had treated its commanding colonel
812:, where it was also located as the
768:, and he was replaced with colonel
636:The next deployment was during the
1441:Suomen ensimmÀiset rauhanturvaajat
657:. The bulk of the fighting was in
381:. After inspecting the battalion,
25:
1335:Ekman 2006, s. 260â264, 270, 278.
183:and the only Finnish unit of the
1508:Ekman 2006, s. 411â412, 416â417.
539:in 1850, prince Nicholas (later
764:was transferred to command the
117:Finnish Guards' Rifle Battalion
35:Finnish Guards' Rifle Battalion
994:Helsingin varuskuntapataljoona
364:
155:), colloquially known as just
1:
1490:Ekman 2006, s. 389, 396, 402.
1272:Ekman 2006, s. 147, 152, 156.
1191:Ekman 2006, s. 51, 54â56, 69.
1164:Ekman 2006, s. 37â38, 40, 44.
106:Russo-Turkish War (1877â1878)
1569:Finnish Life Guards Regiment
1472:Ekman 2006, s. 245, 378â381.
1290:Ekman 2006, s. 70, 220, 241.
1182:Ekman 2006, s. 363, 365â367.
925:revolutionary unrest of 1905
696:Russo-Turkish War of 1877â78
252:Finnish Life Guards Regiment
98:Hungarian Revolution of 1848
1584:Military history of Finland
738:Joseph Vladimirovich Gourko
708:near Gorni Dubnik, Bulgaria
392:Governor-General of Finland
267:Governor-General of Finland
234:) was based in. The modern
151:
1615:
790:invasion of Philippopolis
684:for an offensive against
140:
44:
39:
1046:. Retrieved 2015-12-28.
894:Finnish Dragoon Regiment
879:
523:The younger grandson of
438:The Polish Uprising 1831
1524:Ekman 2006, s. 418â421.
1412:28 January 2016 at the
1383:12 January 2016 at the
1308:Ekman 2006, s. 140â143.
1299:Ekman 2006, s. 248â249.
1281:Ekman 2006, s. 136â137.
1263:Ekman 2006, s. 148â149.
1236:Ekman 2006, s. 135â136.
1054:Suomen kaarti 1812â1905
1037:. Retrieved 2015-12-28
1013:Finnish Defence Command
982:Suomen Valkoinen Kaarti
808:, just at the gates of
770:Victor Napoleon Procopé
567:Alexander III of Russia
529:Alexander III of Russia
516:and ten years later in
418:, replacing the former
1589:Russian Imperial Guard
1481:Ekman 2006, s. 380â381
1173:Ekman 2006, s. 50, 68.
1090:Ekman 2006, s. 60, 63.
993:
981:
969:
966:Finnish Defence Forces
953:
920:
750:Battle of Gorni Dubnik
709:
633:
533:Alexander II of Russia
490:Grand Duchy of Finland
476:
410:
374:
353:building, designed by
329:
270:Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt
259:Grand Duchy of Finland
254:
231:
204:battle of Gorni Dubnik
185:Russian Imperial Guard
172:
164:
132:
124:
1209:Ekman 2006, s. 50â51.
1135:Ekman 2006, s. 35â36.
1126:Ekman 2006, s. 27â29.
1117:Ekman 2006, s. 23â27.
1103:Historia ja perinteet
1006:Guard Jaeger Regiment
962:Guard Jaeger Regiment
959:
951:
918:
906:Oskar Teodor Schauman
886:Nicholas II of Russia
814:Treaty of San Stefano
703:
631:
541:Nicholas II of Russia
484:During times of peace
474:
408:
372:
340:under the command of
323:
263:Alexander I of Russia
249:
236:Guard Jaeger Regiment
222:The neighbourhood of
210:and later during the
181:Imperial Russian Army
177:Finnish military unit
27:Finnish military unit
1594:Battalions of Russia
960:Current Flag of the
766:Semyonovsky Regiment
558:Nicholas I of Russia
525:Nicholas I of Russia
388:Anders Edvard Ramsay
383:Nicholas I of Russia
257:The military of the
1499:Ekman 2006, s. 397.
1396:Ekman 2006, s. 290.
1245:Ekman 2006, s. 248.
855:Georg Edvard Ramsay
835:peacekeeping troops
796:On its way towards
762:Georg Edvard Ramsay
527:, who later became
431:honorary commanders
1254:Ekman 2006, s. 13.
1200:Ekman 2006, s. 58.
998:Kaartin pataljoona
970:
954:
921:
710:
672:After the loss of
634:
606:Hungarian Uprising
477:
411:
375:
330:
255:
208:Hungarian Uprising
1002:Guards' Battalion
934:Nikolai Mexmontan
802:Harmanli massacre
748:. The victorious
649:and in March, to
625:during the trip.
508:near the current
444:November Uprising
396:Senate of Finland
355:Carl Ludvig Engel
326:Carl Ludvig Engel
279:Senate of Finland
200:Russo-Turkish War
196:November Uprising
149:
111:
110:
94:November Uprising
16:(Redirected from
1606:
1556:
1555:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1533:Marko Maaluoto:
1531:
1525:
1522:
1509:
1506:
1500:
1497:
1491:
1488:
1482:
1479:
1473:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1456:Loukola, Pauli.
1454:
1448:
1446:
1438:
1432:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1405:Pentti Pekonen:
1403:
1397:
1394:
1388:
1375:
1369:
1366:
1360:
1354:
1345:
1342:
1336:
1333:
1327:
1324:
1318:
1315:
1309:
1306:
1300:
1297:
1291:
1288:
1282:
1279:
1273:
1270:
1264:
1261:
1255:
1252:
1246:
1243:
1237:
1234:
1228:
1225:
1219:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1201:
1198:
1192:
1189:
1183:
1180:
1174:
1171:
1165:
1162:
1156:
1153:
1136:
1133:
1127:
1124:
1118:
1115:
1109:
1108:
1100:
1091:
1088:
1073:
1067:
1052:Ekman, Torsten:
1049:
1040:
1031:
902:Nikolay Bobrikov
874:Nikolai Bobrikov
859:Uusimaa Province
821:officers, died.
786:Dmitry Filosofov
778:Balkan Mountains
690:Karelian Isthmus
686:Saint Petersburg
642:Saint Petersburg
616:, it arrived in
594:allotment system
449:Saint Petersburg
379:Saint Petersburg
347:Herman WĂ€rnhjelm
298:Saint Petersburg
154:
144:
142:
49:
32:
21:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1574:
1573:
1565:
1560:
1559:
1553:
1550:Kaartin kasarmi
1548:
1544:
1538:
1532:
1528:
1523:
1512:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1485:
1480:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1461:
1455:
1451:
1444:
1439:
1435:
1427:
1423:
1417:
1414:Wayback Machine
1404:
1400:
1395:
1391:
1385:Wayback Machine
1376:
1372:
1367:
1363:
1355:
1348:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1321:
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1312:
1307:
1303:
1298:
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1289:
1285:
1280:
1276:
1271:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1249:
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1240:
1235:
1231:
1226:
1222:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1204:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1172:
1168:
1163:
1159:
1155:Backström 1996.
1154:
1139:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1112:
1106:
1101:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1080:
1071:
1065:
1047:
1038:
1029:
1024:Ă
ke Backström:
1021:
946:
882:
847:Diet of Finland
845:The Act of the
843:
698:
602:
486:
440:
367:
351:Kaartin kasarmi
244:
232:Kaartin kasarmi
224:Kaartinkaupunki
114:
104:
100:
96:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1612:
1610:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1576:
1575:
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1564:
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1542:
1526:
1510:
1501:
1492:
1483:
1474:
1465:
1449:
1433:
1421:
1398:
1389:
1370:
1361:
1346:
1337:
1328:
1319:
1310:
1301:
1292:
1283:
1274:
1265:
1256:
1247:
1238:
1229:
1220:
1211:
1202:
1193:
1184:
1175:
1166:
1157:
1137:
1128:
1119:
1110:
1092:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1068:
1050:
1041:
1032:
1020:
1017:
945:
942:
929:Ivan Obolensky
881:
878:
842:
839:
810:Constantinople
697:
694:
601:
598:
485:
482:
464:and to attack
439:
436:
366:
363:
283:Russian rubles
243:
240:
189:Imperial Guard
157:Finnish Guards
112:
109:
108:
91:
87:
86:
81:
77:
76:
73:
69:
68:
66:Russian Empire
63:
59:
58:
55:
51:
50:
42:
41:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1611:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
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1579:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1551:
1546:
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1536:
1530:
1527:
1521:
1519:
1517:
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1511:
1505:
1502:
1496:
1493:
1487:
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1296:
1293:
1287:
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1269:
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1260:
1257:
1251:
1248:
1242:
1239:
1233:
1230:
1224:
1221:
1215:
1212:
1206:
1203:
1197:
1194:
1188:
1185:
1179:
1176:
1170:
1167:
1161:
1158:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1132:
1129:
1123:
1120:
1114:
1111:
1104:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1087:
1084:
1077:
1069:
1063:
1062:951-50-1534-0
1059:
1055:
1051:
1045:
1042:
1036:
1033:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1009:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
974:
967:
963:
958:
950:
943:
941:
938:
935:
930:
926:
917:
913:
909:
907:
903:
899:
895:
890:
887:
877:
875:
869:
867:
862:
860:
856:
852:
848:
840:
838:
836:
832:
831:Urho Kekkonen
828:
822:
819:
818:Typhoid fever
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
794:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
758:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
734:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
707:
702:
695:
693:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
670:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
643:
639:
630:
626:
624:
619:
615:
611:
607:
599:
597:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
570:
568:
563:
559:
553:
551:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
521:
519:
515:
511:
510:Tehtaanpuisto
507:
503:
500:field (today
499:
494:
491:
483:
481:
473:
469:
467:
463:
459:
455:
450:
445:
437:
435:
432:
428:
423:
421:
417:
407:
403:
401:
397:
393:
389:
384:
380:
371:
362:
358:
356:
352:
348:
343:
342:staff captain
339:
335:
327:
322:
318:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
290:
288:
284:
280:
276:
271:
268:
264:
260:
253:
248:
242:Early history
241:
239:
237:
233:
229:
225:
220:
218:
217:Krasnoye Selo
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
192:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
173:Finska gardet
170:
166:
165:Suomen kaarti
162:
158:
153:
147:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
113:Military unit
107:
103:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
82:
78:
74:
70:
67:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
18:Suomen kaarti
1554:(in Finnish)
1545:
1539:(in Finnish)
1529:
1504:
1495:
1486:
1477:
1468:
1462:(in Finnish)
1452:
1445:(in Finnish)
1436:
1424:
1418:(in Finnish)
1401:
1392:
1373:
1364:
1340:
1331:
1322:
1313:
1304:
1295:
1286:
1277:
1268:
1259:
1250:
1241:
1232:
1223:
1214:
1205:
1196:
1187:
1178:
1169:
1160:
1131:
1122:
1113:
1107:(in Finnish)
1086:
1072:(in Swedish)
1066:(in Finnish)
1053:
1048:(in Finnish)
1039:(in Finnish)
1030:(in Finnish)
1010:
1001:
997:
975:
971:
939:
922:
910:
898:Vilmanstrand
891:
883:
870:
866:Lappeenranta
863:
851:conscription
849:instituting
844:
823:
795:
759:
746:Gorni Dubnik
742:siege Plevna
735:
711:
671:
667:White Russia
635:
603:
590:Russian Army
584:. After the
571:
554:
522:
502:Narinkkatori
495:
487:
478:
441:
424:
412:
376:
359:
331:
291:
256:
221:
193:
156:
116:
115:
84:Suomi-marssi
29:
827:Park Lavrov
806:San Stefano
706:Park Lavrov
638:Crimean War
586:Crimean War
582:Kasarmikatu
514:Taivallahti
338:HĂ€meenlinna
212:Crimean War
102:Crimean War
90:Engagements
1578:Categories
1078:References
986:Winter War
896:(based in
798:Adrianople
782:Arabakonak
682:Baltic Sea
674:Sevastopol
289:annually.
275:Baltic Sea
678:Black Sea
623:dysentery
610:DĂŒnamĂŒnde
550:tsarevich
506:Punavuori
458:OstroĆÄka
454:BiaĆystok
400:presented
306:artillery
250:Badge of
146:romanized
57:1829â1905
1563:See also
1410:Archived
1381:Archived
731:Zimnicea
719:FrÄteÈti
663:Austrian
655:Wilkomir
574:Caucasus
562:Peterhof
537:Nicholas
302:Napoleon
175:) was a
1019:Sources
990:Finnish
978:Finnish
964:of the
923:As the
754:redoubt
723:Romania
680:to the
545:Aleksey
462:Vistula
420:Swedish
416:Russian
310:cavalry
228:Finnish
169:Swedish
161:Finnish
148::
137:Russian
129:Swedish
121:Finnish
75:400â600
62:Country
1060:
944:Legacy
727:Danube
715:Plevna
659:Crimea
651:RakiĆĄk
647:Latvia
588:, the
518:Pasila
498:Kamppi
466:Warsaw
427:Russia
314:Vyborg
294:Viborg
54:Active
774:Sofia
618:Brest
80:March
1058:ISBN
614:Riga
334:Vasa
72:Size
729:in
721:in
425:In
287:rye
1580::
1513:^
1349:^
1140:^
1095:^
1064:.
1015:.
992::
980::
569:.
520:.
308:,
230::
219:.
171::
167:,
163::
143:,
139::
135:,
131::
127:,
123::
1000:(
968:.
159:(
119:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
