31:
619:
343:
demanded that the bodies of the anti-colonial leaders who died in exile be brought to their homeland. For this reason, in 1970 the body of
Sulayman al-Baruni was returned to Libya where he received a national ceremony with great coverage the newspapers and television. The remains of al-Baruni rest in
258:
to
Tunisia to persuade the exiles to return. Al-Baruni was the first to be convinced, suggesting to the other that they should return to Tripolitania in exchange for an agreement from Italy that they could retain the position in Tripolitanian society and that their past resistance would not be held
299:
By
September 1921, as a result of the Italian policy of divide and conquer, there was a civil war in Libya between the Berbers, who increasingly looked to Italy for protection, and the Arabs. Among the Berbers, al-Baruni was widely blamed for this state of affairs. He went into his final exile in
282:. None of these territories were under actual Ottoman control at the time, but the Ottomans were actively working to organise the war against Italy in Tripolitania. In November 1918, al-Baruni was one of four local notables elected to represent the
30:
664:
Cresti, Federico (2020). "Sulayman al-Baruni in Italy (1919–1920): From the Dream of the Berber
Principality to the Italo-Tripolitanian Brotherhood". In Anna Maria Di Tolla; Valentina Schiattarella (eds.).
207:, he was arrested several times by the Ottoman authorities on the accusation that he was planning to re-establish an Ibadi imamate or emirate in the Jabal Nefusa. In the
171:
and Uthman al-makki. Al-Nakhli, a critic of colonialism and sufism, had the great influence on the young
Sulayman. In 1893, after six years of studies, he entered the
707:
651:
Corò, Francesco (1938). "Una interessante pagina di storia libica: Suleiman el Baruni, il sogno di un principato berbero e la battaglia di Asàaba (1913)".
238:. He eventually sought an understanding with the Italians in the hopes of creating an autonomous Ibadi principality centred on the Jabal Nefusa and
175:, where he studied for three years. He was getting exposed to more anti-colonial movements while in his stay in Egypt. He also became familiar with
692:
Peterson, J. E. (1987). "Arab
Nationalism and the Idealist Politician: The Career of Sulayman al-Baruni". In J. Piscatori; G. S. Harris (eds.).
259:
against them. Al-Baruni seems even to have been promised Berber autonomy. The
Italians also asked him to write a monograph on the Jabal Gharbi.
856:
501:
Anna
Baldinetti, "Italian Colonial Rule and the Muslim Elites in Libya: A Relationship of Antagonism and Collaboration", in Meir Hatina (ed.),
340:
716:
560:
479:
454:
216:
871:
831:
811:
796:
816:
429:
391:
250:
on 23 March 1913. Al-Baruni and several other leaders who had been connected with the
Ottomans, went into voluntary exile in
208:
156:
sect of Islam. His father, Abd Allah al-Baruni, was a jurist, poet and theologian. In 1887, he started his studies at the
666:
329:
821:
851:
733:
188:
826:
516:
Libya
Between Ottomanism and Nationalism: The Ottoman Involvement in Libya during the War with Italy (1911–1919)
230:
in 1911, al-Baruni immediately began recruiting Berbers to resist the invasion. He played a leading role at the
770:
399:
157:
866:
846:
841:
518:(K. Schwarz, 1987), p. 229; for al-Baruni's military command in the First World War, see Angelo Del Boca,
408:
283:
231:
108:
247:
861:
836:
801:
534:
387:
292:
212:
161:
361:, starring the Moroccan actor Rabie Kati as Sulayman al-Baruni and the Libyan actor Saleh El Qarad as
806:
142:
51:
287:
176:
172:
668:
Libya between History and Revolution: Resilience, New Opportunities and Challenges for the Berbers
701:
403:
239:
681:"An Ottoman Pasha and the End of Empire: Sulayman al-Baruni and the Networks of Islamic Reform"
358:
179:'s ideas and held him in high regard. After ending his studies in the al-Azhar, he went to the
762:
743:
556:
475:
450:
425:
227:
417:
413:
309:
263:
126:
592:
325:
279:
235:
184:
99:
728:
724:
362:
345:
251:
204:
149:
790:
720:
421:
243:
166:
332:, gathered some of his papers and published them at Tripoli in 1964 under the title
234:, a meeting of important Tripolitanian leaders, in late October 1912, following the
395:
255:
220:
138:
47:
153:
152:, around 1870. He was born to an influential Berber family that belonged to the
70:
778:
242:. At minimum he hoped the Berbers would receive special privileges in the new
747:
191:, who taught him Arabic studies, theology, and traditional Ibadi literature.
180:
246:. What remained of Berber resistance in Tripolitania was crushed at the
624:
366:
275:
203:
he founded a newspaper and later a printing press. During the reign of
321:
296:(Fundamental Law) in June 1919, al-Baruni made his peace with Italy.
66:
334:
Safahat khalida min al-jihad li'l-mujahid al-Libi Sulayman al-Baruni
680:
262:
Al-Baruni did not return until October 1916, when he was appointed
597:
301:
200:
122:
620:"مسلسل "الزعيمان" ينفض الغبار عن تاريخ ليبيا المنسي | حنان مبروك"
305:
503:
Guardians of Faith in Modern Times: ʻUlamaʼ in the Middle East
551:
Ghazal, Amal (2014). Gelvin, James L.; Green, Nile (eds.).
470:
Ghazal, Amal (2014). Gelvin, James L.; Green, Nile (eds.).
445:
Ghazal, Amal (2014). Gelvin, James L.; Green, Nile (eds.).
160:
in Tunisia, where among his teachers were the reformists,
300:
November 1921. He traveled to France, Egypt, Turkey and
125:
scholar, poet, statesman and a prominent figure in the
541:, 5th edn. (Rowman and Littlefield, 2014), pp. 56–57.
81:
Anti-colonial fighter, Ibadi scholar, Poet, Statesman
16:
Libyan Ibadi scholar, poet, and statesman (1870–1940)
113:
412:. Vol. I (2nd ed.). Leiden, Netherlands:
85:
77:
59:
40:
21:
694:Law, Personalities and Politics in the Middle East
578:Genocide in Libya: Shar, a Hidden Colonial History
687:. University of California Press. pp. 40–58.
593:"مسلسل الزعيمان عمل درامي ليبي بمعايير عالمية"
505:(Leiden: Brill, 2009), pp. 91–108, at 96–102.
8:
685:Global Muslims in the Age of Steam and Print
553:Global Muslims in the Age of Steam and Print
497:
495:
493:
491:
472:Global Muslims in the Age of Steam and Print
447:Global Muslims in the Age of Steam and Print
286:that was proclaimed in the aftermath of the
734:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
706:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
520:Mohamed Fekini and the Fight to Free Libya
278:by the Ottoman sultan in the midst of the
29:
18:
742:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 1070–71.
555:. Univ of California Press. p. 54.
530:
528:
474:. Univ of California Press. p. 46.
449:. Univ of California Press. p. 45.
379:
699:
683:. In James Gelvin; Nile Green (eds.).
324:in the company of the Sultan of Oman,
522:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2011), pp. 61ff.
320:He died on 1 May 1940 while visiting
7:
183:valley to study under the prominent
696:. Washington, D.C. pp. 124–39.
103:
121:. 1870 – 1 May 1940) was a Libyan
35:A photograph of Salayman from 1908
14:
328:. After his death, his daughter,
422:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_1248
715:Veccia Vaglieri, Laura (1965).
653:Gli Annali dell'Africa Italiana
576:Ahmida, Ali Abdullatif (2020).
290:. With the promulgation of the
274:) of Tripolitania, Tunisia and
215:, al-Baruni was elected to the
779:Another biography of al-Baruni
674:. Unior Press. pp. 67–96.
539:Historical Dictionary of Libya
357:The Libyan television series,
226:Following the outbreak of the
1:
857:Ottoman people of World War I
189:Muhammad ibn Yusuf Atfayyash
63:1940 (aged 69–70)
591:Safi, Chaima (2020-05-02).
537:(ed.), "Baruni, Suleiman",
114:
888:
344:Sidy Moniader Cemetery in
137:Al-Baruni was born in the
872:20th-century Libyan poets
832:Arabic-language novelists
812:Libyan resistance leaders
308:. There he was appointed
28:
771:A biography of al-Baruni
209:general election of 1908
158:University of Ez-Zitouna
797:History of Tripolitania
628:(in Arabic). 2020-04-16
365:, aired on Salam TV in
817:Libyan revolutionaries
409:Encyclopaedia of Islam
341:new nationalist regime
284:Tripolitanian Republic
219:as the member for the
133:Early life and studies
717:"al-Bārūnī, Sulaymān"
679:Ghazal, Amal (2014).
535:Ronald Bruce St. John
213:Young Turk Revolution
141:in what was then the
763:A novel by al-Baruni
330:Za'ima bint Sulayman
236:Ottoman capitulation
232:Congress of Aziziyya
104:سليمان باشا الباروني
52:Ottoman Tripolitania
388:Veccia Vaglieri, L.
304:before settling in
254:. Italy sent Count
248:battle of al-Asabʿa
217:Chamber of Deputies
173:Al-Azhar University
89:Abd Allah al-Baruni
822:Libyan journalists
402:; van Donzel, E.;
352:In popular culture
339:In the 1970s, the
293:Legge Fondamentale
162:Muhammad al-Nakhli
115:Sulaymān al-Bārūnī
96:Sulayman al-Baruni
23:Sulayman al-Baruni
852:Italo-Turkish War
562:978-0-520-27502-7
481:978-0-520-27502-7
456:978-0-520-27502-7
398:; Bianquis, Th.;
288:Ottoman surrender
228:Italo-Turkish War
112:
93:
92:
879:
827:Libyan novelists
751:
711:
705:
697:
688:
675:
673:
660:
637:
636:
634:
633:
616:
610:
609:
607:
606:
588:
582:
581:
573:
567:
566:
548:
542:
532:
523:
512:
506:
499:
486:
485:
467:
461:
460:
442:
436:
435:
416:. p. 1070.
414:Brill Publishers
384:
316:Death and burial
310:finance minister
211:, following the
170:
127:history of Libya
117:
107:
105:
33:
19:
887:
886:
882:
881:
880:
878:
877:
876:
787:
786:
759:
754:
714:
698:
691:
678:
671:
663:
650:
646:
644:Further reading
641:
640:
631:
629:
618:
617:
613:
604:
602:
590:
589:
585:
575:
574:
570:
563:
550:
549:
545:
533:
526:
513:
509:
500:
489:
482:
469:
468:
464:
457:
444:
443:
439:
432:
404:Heinrichs, W.P.
386:
385:
381:
376:
354:
326:Said bin Taimur
318:
280:First World War
197:
164:
146:of Tripolitania
135:
73:
64:
55:
45:
36:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
885:
883:
875:
874:
869:
867:Berber Muslims
864:
859:
854:
849:
847:Libyan Muslims
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
789:
788:
785:
784:
776:
768:
758:
757:External links
755:
753:
752:
712:
689:
676:
661:
659:(3–4): 959–69.
647:
645:
642:
639:
638:
611:
583:
580:. p. 129.
568:
561:
543:
524:
514:Rachel Simon,
507:
487:
480:
462:
455:
437:
430:
400:Bosworth, C.E.
378:
377:
375:
372:
371:
370:
363:Bashir Saadawi
353:
350:
317:
314:
252:French Tunisia
205:Abdul Hamid II
196:
193:
187:Ibadi scholar
150:Ottoman Empire
148:, part of the
134:
131:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
79:
75:
74:
65:
61:
57:
56:
46:
42:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
884:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
842:Ibadi Muslims
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
794:
792:
783:
780:
777:
775:
772:
769:
767:
764:
761:
760:
756:
749:
745:
741:
737:
735:
730:
726:
722:
718:
713:
709:
703:
695:
690:
686:
682:
677:
670:
669:
662:
658:
654:
649:
648:
643:
627:
626:
621:
615:
612:
600:
599:
594:
587:
584:
579:
572:
569:
564:
558:
554:
547:
544:
540:
536:
531:
529:
525:
521:
517:
511:
508:
504:
498:
496:
494:
492:
488:
483:
477:
473:
466:
463:
458:
452:
448:
441:
438:
433:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
410:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
383:
380:
373:
368:
364:
360:
356:
355:
351:
349:
347:
342:
337:
335:
331:
327:
323:
315:
313:
311:
307:
303:
297:
295:
294:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
260:
257:
253:
249:
245:
244:Italian Libya
241:
237:
233:
229:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
194:
192:
190:
186:
182:
178:
177:Mustafa Kamil
174:
168:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
145:
140:
132:
130:
128:
124:
120:
116:
110:
101:
97:
88:
84:
80:
78:Occupation(s)
76:
72:
68:
62:
58:
53:
49:
43:
39:
32:
27:
20:
862:Berber poets
837:Libyan poets
802:1870s births
781:
773:
765:
739:
732:
693:
684:
667:
656:
652:
630:. Retrieved
623:
614:
603:. Retrieved
596:
586:
577:
571:
552:
546:
538:
519:
515:
510:
502:
471:
465:
446:
440:
407:
382:
338:
333:
319:
298:
291:
271:
267:
261:
256:Carlo Sforza
225:
221:Jabal Gharbi
198:
143:
139:Jabal Nafusa
136:
118:
95:
94:
48:Jabal Nafusa
807:1940 deaths
782:(in Arabic)
774:(in Arabic)
766:(in Arabic)
729:Schacht, J.
725:Pellat, Ch.
601:(in Arabic)
396:Bearman, P.
392:"al-Bārūnī"
240:Marsa Zuaga
165: [
71:British Raj
791:Categories
738:Volume II:
632:2020-06-22
605:2020-06-22
431:9004081143
374:References
270:, Turkish
748:495469475
721:Lewis, B.
702:cite book
390:(1986) .
359:El Zaiman
109:romanized
731:(eds.).
406:(eds.).
266:(Arabic
264:governor
185:Mozabite
625:Al-Arab
367:Ramadan
346:Tripoli
276:Algeria
144:vilayet
111::
44:c. 1870
746:
727:&
559:
478:
453:
428:
322:Mumbai
195:Career
100:Arabic
86:Father
67:Mumbai
719:. In
672:(PDF)
598:Elaph
394:. In
369:2020.
302:Mecca
201:Cairo
181:M'zab
169:]
154:Ibadi
123:Ibadi
744:OCLC
708:link
557:ISBN
476:ISBN
451:ISBN
426:ISBN
306:Oman
272:vali
268:wāli
60:Died
41:Born
740:C–G
418:doi
199:In
119:; c
793::
736:.
723:;
704:}}
700:{{
655:.
622:.
595:.
527:^
490:^
424:.
348:.
336:.
312:.
223:.
167:fr
129:.
106:,
102::
69:,
50:,
750:.
710:)
657:1
635:.
608:.
565:.
484:.
459:.
434:.
420::
98:(
54:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
