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describes the bird as "A large bird of lowland and montane forest on the Sulu
Islands, although probably only remaining on Tawi-Tawi. Feeds particularly on fig trees. One of the rarest birds in the world. Entirely black except for a white tail. Has a long, thick black bill, a black casque, and black
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to formulate a species conservation plan. This meeting created a 10 year plan for the species continued survival. Conservation actions proposed were to improve the estimates on population and understanding of its ecology. This plan also included the creation of a species conservation program that
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In 2019, it was reported that only 27 mature individual hornbills are still believed to be alive in the wild. However, these figures are rough estimates this figure is disputed. Biggest numbers in the past decade seen together was 10 mature birds in 2014.
356:, typically on mountain slopes (although this may simply reflect a constraint enforced by forest loss), occasionally visiting isolated fruiting trees over 1 km from the nearest forest. It requires large trees for nesting.
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While an ex-situ captive breeding program was discussed, participants agreed that due issues with ownership of the birds and general lack of expertise, that these plans be re-explored 6-10 years in the future.
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While the exact numbers are unknown, this is still undoubtedly the most endangered hornbill and one of the most endangered animals in the entire world. It has gone extinct on the island of
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The only species specific conservation actions as of 2019 were 16 "tawsi
Rangers" employed by the local government patrolling against illegal logging and protecting nests.
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bare skin around the eye. Male has pale eyes and female has brown eyes and a smaller casque. Unmistakable. The only hornbill in its range. Voice is a nasal cackling."
266:
In 2019 it was reported that only 27 mature individual hornbills are still believed to be alive in the wild making it one of the most endangered animals in the world.
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trees for breeding. The female seals itself within the tree cavity and the male is in charge of gathering food for its mate and chicks. The male stores food in a
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Species specific information on its breeding habits are limited. Nests have been recorded from June to
September. Reported to lay 2 eggs
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In 2019, 44 participants which included military, conservationists, local government participated in a meeting hosted by the
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as well as potential harvesting for food. Its diet includes fruit, insects, and small lizards.
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Diet is mainly fruit but also feeds on insects, small mammals and reptiles. Recorded in pairs
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with the last record in 1930s, due to hunting and the remaining populations in
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Sulu hornbill featured in a 1992 Philippine stamp of endangered species
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629:"SULU HORNBILL: SPECIES CONSERVATION STRATEGY AND 2019–29 ACTION PLAN"
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Kemp, Alan C.; Boesman, Peter F. D.; Sharpe, Christopher J. (2020).
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are threatened by habitat destruction through logging and
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All hornbills are monogamous and mate for life.They are
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10.2173/bow.sulhor2.01species_shared.bow.project_name
580:"Sulu Hornbill (Anthracoceros montani), version 1.0"
297:but mainly differs in its all black face and bill.
654:
536:"Race to conserve few remaining Sulu hornbills on"
445:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22682447A178062684.en
341:and regurgitates it to feed its mate and chicks.
247:with it believed to be hunted to extinction on
361:International Union for Conservation of Nature
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1014:IUCN Red List critically endangered species
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293:. It is most closely related to the
814:sulu-hornbill-anthracoceros-montani
431:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
534:Sarmiento, Bong (3 October 2019).
14:
305:It is locally known as "tawsi".
1024:Endemic birds of the Philippines
951:
391:IUCN Species Survival Commission
90:
420:BirdLife International (2020).
348:Habitat and conservation status
1:
281:Forms a sepcies cluster with
1049:Taxa named by Émile Oustalet
967:. You can help Knowledge by
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363:has assessed this bird as
438:: e.T22682447A178062684.
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87:Scientific classification
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615:Birds of the Philippines
517:Internet Bird Collection
270:Description and taxonomy
1044:Birds described in 1880
613:Allen, Desmond (2020).
963:-related article is a
394:involved the locals.
365:critically endangered.
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291:Oriental pied hornbill
259:. It is threatened by
931:Anthracoceros-montani
713:anthracoceros-montani
700:Anthracoceros_montani
686:Anthracoceros montani
656:Anthracoceros montani
512:"Sulu hornbill media"
494:Anthracoceros montani
424:Anthracoceros montani
319:
287:Malabar pied hornbill
220:Anthracoceros montani
196:Anthracoceros montani
55:Critically Endangered
467:"Appendices | CITES"
352:It inhabits primary
301:Ecology and behavior
1054:Coraciiformes stubs
255:is tropical moist
40:Conservation status
1034:Fauna of Tawi-Tawi
584:Birds of the World
354:dipterocarp forest
333:and rely on large
322:
227:, is a species of
225:Montano's hornbill
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975:
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940:
900:Open Tree of Life
648:Taxon identifiers
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1039:Fauna of Basilan
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295:Palawan hornbill
283:Palawan hornbill
241:Sulu archipelago
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561:"Sulu Hornbill"
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187:Binomial name
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165:Anthracoceros
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969:expanding it
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822:iNaturalist
680:Wikispecies
451:12 November
339:gular pouch
335:dipterocarp
233:Bucerotidae
154:Bucerotidae
73:Appendix II
1008:Categories
926:Xeno-canto
476:2022-01-14
402:References
383:farming.
600:2771-3105
545:4 October
540:MindaNews
496:factsheet
471:cites.org
377:Tawi-Tawi
245:Tawi-Tawi
172:Species:
110:Kingdom:
104:Eukaryota
913:Species+
866:22682447
840:11009241
739:22682447
734:BirdLife
665:Wikidata
500:BirdBase
325:Breeding
289:and the
235:. It is
229:hornbill
204:Oustalet
150:Family:
124:Chordata
120:Phylum:
114:Animalia
100:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
905:3600761
879:1303022
801:2475990
788:1048413
775:sulhor2
749:sulhor2
721:Avibase
671:Q570664
309:Feeding
257:forests
253:habitat
239:to the
237:endemic
206:, 1880)
160:Genus:
140:Order:
130:Class:
75: (
58: (
853:554424
708:ARKive
598:
223:), or
959:This
892:70956
835:IRMNG
770:eBird
762:67GSC
746:BOW:
632:(PDF)
565:Ebird
275:EBird
77:CITES
71:CITES
965:stub
918:8801
874:NCBI
861:IUCN
848:ITIS
827:5549
796:GBIF
596:ISSN
547:2019
453:2021
436:2020
373:Jolo
359:The
249:Jolo
213:The
134:Aves
809:IBC
783:EoL
757:CoL
695:ADW
588:doi
498:at
440:doi
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