384:
211:
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33:
426:, which increased the flying boat's maximum speed, but which still left it incapable of maintaining height when fully loaded with passengers, stores and fuel. It was certified as being airworthy on 22 December 1931, but the aircraft was rejected by Guinness for failing to meet his specifications. He later purchased a
438:
Having failed to be purchased, the Air Yacht was put into storage by
Supermarine. In October 1932, it was seen by chance and then bought by a local wealthy American, Mrs June Jewett James, who knew little of the practicalities of flying an aircraft. James publicised her intention to use the flying
493:. The crew and passengers were rescued by local fishermen, who later recovered the aircraft from the water. The most serious casualty was James, who suffered two broken ribs and a broken leg. The crash caused the aircraft's wing to break. The authorities in Capri impounded the plane against a
194:. Guinness refused to complete the purchase, and the plane was put into storage. In October 1932 it was bought by a local wealthy American, Mrs June Jewett James. Soon afterwards it left England for Egypt, but stormy weather forced it to land off
358:
When loaded with a full tanks of petrol, 600 pounds (270 kg) of baggage, and a minimum crew of three, the Air Yacht was designed to cover a distance of 2,000 miles (3,200 km) without re-fuelling. It was designed to have a
374:
was located beneath the wing. The passenger areas were fitted with deep-pile carpets and luxurious furniture; their cabin was 35 feet (11 m) long, 6 feet 6 inches (1.98 m) high and 8 feet (2.4 m) wide.
303:, it was built at the Supermarine works in 1929. The price agreed was £34,888 (equivalent to $ 2,679,000 in 2023), but the production costs reached £52,000 (equivalent to $ 3,993,000 in 2023).
279:
Guinness commissioned
Mitchell's second luxury craft, the Supermarine Air Yacht, as a replacement for the Solent. The Air Yacht was to be used by Guinness for pleasure cruising around the
411:. The aircraft lost power in one engine and so failed to maintain a high enough altitude needed to be considered safe. Tests also revealed the aircraft was underpowered with a long
327:; a Supermarine employee afterwards wrote of Mitchell that "he had allowed himself to be lured by some of his bright boys into following other people's ideas." Instead of a wooden
40:
The only specimen of the
Supermarine Air Yacht ever built, moving over the water in 1930. The photograph shows the craft running slowly prior to gathering speed and taking off.
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claim. Too damaged to be repaired, it never flew again, and was sold for scrap the following year; only the engines were returned to
England. James was declared
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in the nose. There was an enclosed cabin for the owner, with its own toilet, bath and bed, and a separate cabin and seating for the other five passengers. The
202:, causing several injuries. The airplane was recovered and impounded by the Italian authorities, but was too damaged to be repaired, and was sold for scrap.
396:
403:. When tested carrying loads of 24,000 pounds (11,000 kg), the plane handled well, but couldn't keep height when the fuel flow was reduced. Excess
264:. In 1930 Guinness, who then possessed the air yacht and three other aircraft, owned more private planes than anyone else in Britain. The Solent was
485:
The flight to Egypt resumed on 25 January 1933, but an engine failed on take-off and later stalled, causing to the flying boat to ditch into the
198:, and the crew, along with James and her fellow passengers, were rescued. On 25 January 1933 engine failure caused the plane to ditch into the
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179:. The interior was fitted in a luxurious fashion, with an enclosed cabin for the owner, and a separate cabin for five other passengers.
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wing had a span of 92 feet (28 m) and sloping V struts for support, and was strengthened with horizontal corrugations. The three
276:, near his family home. However, the Solent's hull had a restricted height and passengers were unable to stand up fully once inside.
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466:. On October 14, whilst in Cherbourg harbour, the crew and passengers had to call to be rescued and were landed onshore by
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462:, and two crew members on board. During the flight deteriorating weather conditions forced it to land off the coast near
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248:, was designed for use by the Danish government, but the airplane performed poorly and was rejected by the Danes. The
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The resulting modified design was a flying boat that weighed 10.1 long tons (10.3 t), powered with three
283:. It was the first British flying yacht built to the order of a private owner, and the first of Supermarine's
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of 100 miles per hour (160 km/h). and a top speed of 120–130 miles per hour (190–210 km/h).
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The Air Yacht was intended to cover 2,000 miles (3,200 km) without re-fuelling, with a
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In 1940, when living in France, Mrs James offered her home as a refuge for fellow
American
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971:. Vol. 207, no. 110. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 18 October 1932. p. 1.
391:
The Air Yacht, which was designated G-AASE, made its first flight in
February 1930 at
32:
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470:, where they remained to await better flying conditions. The plane then flew on to
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997:. Vol. 96, no. 22. Kansas City, Missouri. 26 January 1933. p. 6.
988:"Flying Yacht is Wrecked: No Members of James Party Injured in Crash Off Italy"
182:
It first flew in
February 1930, before undergoing trials the following year at
427:
400:
183:
1190:
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1032:. Vol. 54, no. 298. Binghamton, New York. 30 March 1933. p. 1.
917:
761:. Vol. 82, no. 338. St. Louis, Missouri. 10 August 1930. p. 2.
682:
574:
14-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engines, 525 hp (391 kW) each
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The wreckage of the Air yacht after having been salvaged from the crash site
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and given the registration G–AAAB. Guinness made regular trips to and from
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common on aircraft of this type, which caused it to resemble the German
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102 mph (164 km/h, 89 kn) at 2,000 ft (610 m)
454:
A month after having been bought by James, the flying boat, now named
439:
boat to establish a regular trans-Atlantic service for passengers and
471:
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171:
were mounted on the leading edge of the wing, and the single braced
445:
440:
382:
336:
291:. Based on a 1927 design originally made for the requirements of
209:
1273:
Schneider Trophy to
Spitfire - The Design Career of R.J. Mitchell
1177:"A 1320 H.P. Air Yacht the Specially-built Supermarine Monoplane"
347:
were mounted on the leading edge of the wing. The single braced
1311:
871:
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867:
865:
395:. During the summer months of 1931 it underwent trials at the
186:. During the trials it handled well, but was underpowered and
335:
made of metal, with the wing held high above the fuselage on
607:
380 ft/min (1.9 m/s) at 2,000 ft (610 m)
236:, both of which originated from military commissions. The
190:
poorly; the three engines were subsequently replaced with
1246:
From
Nighthawk to Spitfire: The Aircraft of R.J. Mitchell
1200:
Beyond the
Spitfire: The Unseen Designs of R.J. Mitchell
1137:
Americans in Paris: life and death under Nazi occupation
945:
943:
941:
939:
706:
704:
702:
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698:
696:
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407:
was created by the sponsons, one of which suffered from
163:
of 100 miles per hour (160 km/h). It resembled the
1303:
Image of the Air Yacht's civil registration certificate
1297:
Image of a surviving part of the Supermarine Air Yacht
963:"Woman Pilot Plans Atlantic Air Line If Test Succeeds"
772:
770:
768:
753:"296 Privately Owned Planes in Britain; One Man Has 4"
735:
733:
731:
729:
727:
725:
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339:
and stabilised laterally. The rectangular flat-sided
1111:
Andrews, Charles Ferdinand; Morgan, Eric B. (1987).
844:
355:. The aircraft's surfaces were covered with fabric.
152:
in 1929. It was commissioned by the brewing magnate
2825:
2804:
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2635:
2614:
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1346:
1228:. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
1221:
1134:
640:and his daughters when they fled Paris after the
1185:. United Kingdom: Motor Sport Magazine Limited.
1249:. Stroud, Gloucestershire: The History Press.
1323:
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930:
898:
896:
875:
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8:
663:
661:
1024:"Rescuers File Action for Recovering Plane"
422:The three engines were replaced with three
2801:
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1330:
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1308:
397:Marine Aircraft Experimental Establishment
387:The Air Yacht with its replacement engines
710:
136:was a British luxury passenger-carrying
1007:
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629:
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1016:
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677:. 28 February 1930. pp. 250–252.
474:, where James obtained audiences with
232:was responsible for the design of two
22:
1082:
1064:(33961). London: 4868. 18 July 1933.
803:
801:
799:
797:
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252:was refitted as a luxury cruiser—the
7:
2873:1930s British civil utility aircraft
618:List of flying boats and floatplanes
552:1,472 sq ft (136.8 m)
1175:Motor Sport Magazine (April 1930).
904:"By Air Yacht to the Mediterranean"
546:92 ft 0 in (28.04 m)
540:66 ft 6 in (20.27 m)
366:The crew were accommodated in open
443:, once trials had been completed.
315:engines. It included hull-mounted
14:
266:registered as a civilian aircraft
1158:British Civil Aircraft 1919–1972
912:. 20 October 1932. p. 990.
244:built at the company's works at
31:
1275:. Sparkford: Hayes Publishing.
1224:Birth of a legend: the Spitfire
1160:. Vol. 3. London: Putnam.
1113:Supermarine Aircraft since 1914
580:2-bladed fixed-pitch propellers
564:23,348 lb (10,590 kg)
513:Supermarine Aircraft since 1914
572:Armstrong Siddeley Panther IIA
558:16,808 lb (7,624 kg)
1:
1202:. Pegram: The History Press.
2898:Aircraft first flown in 1930
2596:Type 312 & 313 (F.37/35)
601:6,500 ft (2,000 m)
351:had three vertical fins and
319:instead of the wing-mounted
175:had three vertical fins and
1141:. New York: Penguin Books.
424:Armstrong Siddeley Panthers
192:Armstrong Siddeley Panthers
2914:
478:and the Italian dictator,
240:, an armed version of the
73:Supermarine Aviation Works
2636:Reconnaissance and patrol
1243:Shelton, John K. (2015).
1220:; Cox, Sebastian (1986).
1095:Andrews & Morgan 1987
1056:"Appointments of Trustee"
968:The Philadelphia Inquirer
931:Andrews & Morgan 1987
876:Andrews & Morgan 1987
857:Andrews & Morgan 1987
845:Motor Sport Magazine 1930
489:7 miles (11 km) off
313:Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar
256:—and was sold in 1928 to
39:
30:
25:
18:Former luxury flying boat
813:"Supermarine Air Yacht"
758:St. Louis Post-Dispatch
519:General characteristics
242:Supermarine Southampton
1271:Shelton, John (2008).
1198:Pegram, Ralph (2016).
1156:Jackson, A.J. (1988).
669:"An Air Yacht De Luxe"
451:
388:
331:, Mitchell designed a
222:
140:. It was designed by
2888:Parasol-wing aircraft
2848:Joseph "Mutt" Summers
449:
386:
213:
150:Woolston, Southampton
134:Supermarine Air Yacht
2883:Supermarine aircraft
2754:Sparrow (I & II)
2739:Commercial Amphibian
1299:(Wick Antiques Ltd.)
711:Quill & Cox 1986
299:flying boat for the
859:, pp. 123–124.
434:Operational history
293:specification R5/27
220:Woolston, Hampshire
2838:Basil Deacon Hobbs
2678:Seagull ASR-1
1115:. London: Putnam.
1061:The London Gazette
452:
409:structural failure
389:
260:, a member of the
254:Supermarine Solent
228:'s chief designer
223:
144:'s chief designer
108:Private ownership
105:Primary user
2860:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2767:
2766:
2591:Type 224 (F.7/30)
1282:978-1-84425-530-6
1256:978-0-7509-6222-3
1235:978-08747-4-776-8
1209:978-0-7509-6515-6
1167:978-0-85177-818-1
1148:978-01431-1-866-4
1122:978-0-85177-800-6
994:Kansas City Times
270:Southampton Water
238:Supermarine Nanok
130:
129:
48:Luxury transport
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2622:Type 322 (Dumbo)
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1029:Binghamton Press
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642:Battle of France
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480:Benito Mussolini
393:Hythe, Hampshire
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53:Type of aircraft
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1265:Further reading
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301:Royal Air Force
262:Guinness family
258:Ernest Guinness
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154:Ernest Guinness
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64:United Kingdom
60:National origin
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2812:R. J. Mitchell
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2779:AD Flying Boat
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1218:Quill, Jeffrey
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1131:Glass, Charles
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506:
505:Specifications
503:
501:in July 1933.
487:Gulf of Naples
435:
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415:run, and poor
380:
377:
361:cruising speed
345:radial engines
308:
305:
297:reconnaissance
230:R. J. Mitchell
207:
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200:Gulf of Naples
161:cruising speed
146:R. J. Mitchell
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846:
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815:. BAE Systems
814:
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779:, p. 64.
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562:Gross weight:
560:
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556:Empty weight:
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148:and built in
147:
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99:
97:Introduction
96:
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91:
89:First flight
88:
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84:
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78:
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71:
69:Manufacturer
68:
67:
63:
58:
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51:
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43:
38:
34:
29:
24:
21:
16:
2878:Flying boats
2789:AD Navyplane
2728:
2520:Sea Lion III
1272:
1245:
1223:
1199:
1180:
1157:
1136:
1112:
1090:
1078:
1059:
1050:
1038:
1027:
1008:Jackson 1988
1003:
991:
966:
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926:
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817:. Retrieved
756:
747:
740:Shelton 2015
672:
632:
604:
598:
592:
585:
583:
577:
567:
561:
555:
549:
543:
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534:6 passengers
531:
525:
518:
516:
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508:
484:
476:Pope Pius XI
456:Windward III
455:
453:
437:
421:
390:
365:
357:
325:Dornier Do J
310:
278:
274:Lough Corrib
224:
181:
165:Dornier Do J
158:
133:
131:
122:Number built
20:
15:
2833:Henry Biard
2703:Southampton
2515:Sea Lion II
1339:Supermarine
1182:Motor Sport
1043:Pegram 2016
950:Pegram 2016
888:Pegram 2016
819:23 December
777:Pegram 2016
586:Performance
578:Propellers:
568:Powerplant:
379:Performance
226:Supermarine
216:Supermarine
206:Development
142:Supermarine
138:flying boat
50:flying boat
2867:Categories
2525:Sea Urchin
2510:Sea Lion I
1083:Glass 2011
652:References
550:Wing area:
428:Saro Cloud
401:Felixstowe
399:(MAEE) at
285:monoplanes
234:air yachts
184:Felixstowe
26:Air Yacht
2893:Trimotors
2817:Joe Smith
2805:Designers
2798:Personnel
2749:Sea Eagle
2729:Air Yacht
2708:Stranraer
2693:Sheldrake
2688:Sea Otter
2551:Nighthawk
1191:0027-2019
1070:0374-3721
918:0015-3710
683:0015-3710
544:Wingspan:
532:Capacity:
510:Data from
464:Cherbourg
460:governess
349:tailplane
333:monoplane
218:works at
196:Cherbourg
173:tailplane
113:Produced
79:Designer
2606:Type 559
2601:Type 545
2581:Spitfire
2576:Spiteful
2571:Sea King
2556:Scimitar
2541:Attacker
2534:Fighters
1341:aircraft
1133:(2011).
612:See also
499:bankrupt
491:Sorrento
468:tugboats
368:cockpits
317:sponsons
246:Woolston
2734:Channel
2668:Seal II
2643:Channel
2627:B.12/36
2615:Bombers
2566:Seafire
2561:Seafang
2474:By role
1349:numbers
1105:Sources
538:Length:
495:salvage
413:takeoff
353:rudders
341:parasol
329:biplane
188:climbed
177:rudders
169:engines
2826:Pilots
2713:Walrus
2698:Solent
2683:Seamew
2663:Scylla
2658:Scarab
2481:Racers
1279:
1253:
1232:
1206:
1189:
1164:
1145:
1119:
1068:
916:
909:Flight
681:
674:Flight
472:Naples
372:galley
337:struts
321:floats
307:Design
295:for a
287:to be
2744:Giant
2722:Civil
2653:Scapa
2648:Nanok
2586:Swift
624:Notes
526:Crew:
441:cargo
417:climb
116:1930
100:1930
45:Role
2784:Baby
2759:Swan
2546:Baby
2503:S.6B
2465:S.6B
2460:S.6A
1347:Type
1277:ISBN
1251:ISBN
1230:ISBN
1204:ISBN
1187:ISSN
1162:ISBN
1143:ISBN
1117:ISBN
1066:ISSN
992:The
914:ISSN
821:2020
679:ISSN
570:3 ×
405:drag
250:hull
214:The
132:The
2498:S.6
2493:S.5
2488:S.4
2455:S.6
2450:S.5
2445:S.4
2440:S.3
2435:S.2
2430:S.1
2423:599
2418:595
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2058:515
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2041:511
2036:510
2031:509
2026:508
2021:507
2016:506
2011:505
2006:504
2001:503
1996:502
1991:501
1986:500
1981:399
1976:398
1971:397
1966:396
1961:395
1956:394
1951:393
1946:392
1941:391
1936:390
1931:389
1926:388
1921:387
1916:386
1911:385
1906:384
1901:383
1896:382
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1741:351
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