334:
311:
208:
233:
592:
585:
340:
239:
1407:), as mentioned above, is a lipid with very useful stabilizing and compacting attributes. SP-B works primarily with this lipid, and moves it to the gas/fluid interface where it minimized surface tension. Essentially, DPPC is so important for lung function because it can shrink or expand to fit the space necessary, and a continually shrinking and expanding lung requires components like this.
1158:(SNPs) have been found correlated to a variety of lung conditions. A frame shift mutation responsible for congenital alveolar proteinosis (CAP) was identified by Kattan et al. Many SNP's have been identified in relation to lung conditions. They have been correlated to severe influenza, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, mechanical ventilation necessity, and more.
29:
1359:. Understanding surfactant is important to gaining a full understanding of SP-B. Surfactant is a mixture of lipids and proteins that coats the inside of alveoli and is essential for life due to its key role in preventing alveolar collapse at low lung volumes. In the absence of surfactant, the surface tension at the gas/fluid interface prevents inhalation at
1262:
at the border between the fluid lining and the inhaled gas (gas/fluid interface) in alveoli determines the motion of the alveoli as a whole. According to Lapace's Law, high surface tension in the gas/fluid interface of alveoli prevents the alveoli from inflating, which causes lung collapse. lipid
1249:
SP-B plays a critical role in the functioning of healthy lungs, and its absence inevitably leads to lung conditions, most common of which being acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Because of this, SP-B's function has been well researched, and has been found to exist in three parts. Beyond
1400:. In surfactant, two subcategories of lipids are relevant: phospholipids and sterols. Sterols are represented by cholesterol, which has an important role in the overall structure and motion of the lipids as a whole, but is vastly outnumbered by the phospholipids in surfactant.
55:
1461:, are more distinct from SP-B than SP-C. They are hydrophilic, so they are found in the solution, and function in immune response instead of lipid arrangement and surface tension reduction. SP-A is actually a name for two very similar proteins, SP-A1 and SP-A2.
1293:
Beyond arranging lipids in a way that reduces surface tension, SP-B actually directly interferes with attractive forces between water molecules. This disruption in the cohesion of water minimizes further the surface tension at the gas/fluid interface.
1202:
being found in the highest levels). Nine of these carry with them a positive charge, and two carry a negative charge, leaving a protein with a net (total) charge of +7. In the body, two molecules of SP-B stick together and form what is called a
1751:
Agostoni P, Banfi C, Magrì D, Vignati C, Doria E, Salvioni E, Moliterni P, Marenzi G, Tremoli E, Sisillo E (Sep 2011). "Kinetics of plasma SPB and RAGE during mechanical ventilation in patients undergoing major vascular surgery".
1335:
with positive charge and intermittent hydrophobic regions mimicking SP-B can minimize surface tension at the gas/fluid interface, and surfactant replacements for surfactant deficient patients has been used to save lives.
1930:
Schicht M, Knipping S, Hirt R, Beileke S, Sel S, Paulsen F, Bräuer L (Jan 2013). "Detection of surfactant proteins A, B, C, and D in human nasal mucosa and their regulation in chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps".
1974:
Sarker M, Rose J, McDonald M, Morrow MR, Booth V (Jan 2011). "Modifications to surfactant protein B structure and lipid interactions under respiratory distress conditions: consequences of tryptophan oxidation".
1453:
SP-C assists in the functions of SP-B, and is most similar to SP-B of the three other surfactant proteins. It is smaller, only 35 amino acids long, and is found embedded in lipid structures much like SP-B.
1712:
To KK, Zhou J, Song YQ, Hung IF, Ip WC, Cheng ZS, Chan AS, Kao RY, Wu AK, Chau S, Luk WK, Ip MS, Chan KH, Yuen KY (Jun 2014). "Surfactant protein B gene polymorphism is associated with severe influenza".
1285:
to form the three dimensional structure of the tubular myelin. This structure is the support and lipid source for the gas/fluid interface, where surface tension is a critical factor in lung function.
1381:
Surfactant is composed of primarily lipids (90% by weight), and proteins make up only the remaining 10%. The following two sections will address the lipid and protein components respectively.
1313:(formation of structure) of lamellar bodies. The lamellar bodies are then secreted into the fluid lining the interior of alveoli, and become tubular myelin. This role is critical for making
1331:
Because so many lung conditions are associated with issues around SP-B, synthetic replacements have been researched, created, and manufactured. It has been shown that 21 amino acid long
1343:
in the blood stream. Higher levels of SP-B indicate some kind of lung distress, and can even indicate if the patient is currently a smoker. This may be useful in the future to predict
1363:, but surfactant minimizes surface tension to values near zero and allows for normal breathing. It is also known to have a role in both the immune response and inflammation control.
1328:, respiratory syncytial virus infection, familial lung disease, and pneumocystis infection are examples of deficiencies in and issues with SP-B that are correlated with lung issues.
347:
246:
1446:(SP-D). These four are highly interconnected in their functions in surfactant. For example, though the mechanism is not yet understood, SP-B functions in the
1270:
SP-B plays a role in this by selected certain lipids and inserting them into the gas/fluid interface. The lipid shown to be most needed on this surface (
820:
1267:) on the surface of the fluid lining at the gas/fluid interface. Different lipids allow for different ranges of motion and can be compacted different.
801:
1309:. Similarly to its function in organizing tubular myelin, SP-B arranges lipids into the lamellar body structure. Basically, SP-B plays a role in the
1237:
protein, which is a group of related proteins known particularly for binding to membranes with negative charges and facilitating either the fusion or
169:
1673:
1540:
1277:
SP-B also indirectly reduces surface tension by organizing the lipids underneath the surface of the gas/fluid interface in structures called
1522:
1250:
these three functions, it is worth noting that SP-B is also thought to have some anti-inflammatory function, though it is not well defined.
2310:
1367:
2315:
1325:
1263:
arrangement in the fluid lining of alveoli is the primary determining factor of this surface tension since the lipids form a thin film (
333:
2096:"Interactions between smoking, pulmonary surfactant protein B, and atherosclerosis in the general population: the Dallas Heart Study"
1044:
1051:
310:
1230:. ProSP-B is also created in another type of lung cell called a Club cell, but these cells are unable to edit proSP-B into SP-B.
2330:
1509:
1488:
1447:
1227:
1155:
1305:
are groups of lipids and protein that are structurally similar to tubular myelin, but are found inside instead of outside the
1404:
1271:
1505:
232:
207:
52:
1484:
149:
2094:
Nguyen AB, Rohatgi A, Garcia CK, Ayers CR, Das SR, Lakoski SG, Berry JD, Khera A, McGuire DK, de Lemos JA (Sep 2011).
1800:"Disaturated-phosphatidylcholine and surfactant protein-B turnover in human acute lung injury and in control patients"
2290:
346:
245:
1241:(breaking) of the membrane. More well known proteins in this family include saposin-C, NK-lysin, and amoebopore.
339:
238:
2294:
1798:
Simonato M, Baritussio A, Ori C, Vedovelli L, Rossi S, Dalla
Massara L, Rizzi S, Carnielli VP, Cogo PE (2011).
1419:
865:
157:
1464:
Along with SP-A, B, C, and D, blood plasma proteins are found in very small quantities in surfactant as well.
2010:
Cochrane CG, Revak SD (Oct 1991). "Pulmonary surfactant protein B (SP-B): structure-function relationships".
846:
1234:
2320:
1215:
2055:"The surfactant peptide KL4 in lipid monolayers: phase behavior, topography, and chemical distribution"
2335:
2019:
1896:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1415:
1411:
1356:
1314:
1151:
1107:
221:
136:
1023:
1002:
964:
943:
1274:) does not easily move to the gas/fluid interface, but SP-B helps ease and speed up this process.
1956:
1777:
1423:
1306:
1219:
1119:
181:
1027:
998:
994:
968:
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1992:
1948:
1912:
1869:
1831:
1769:
1730:
1694:
1648:
1600:
1360:
591:
584:
129:
45:
2249:"Surfactant protein B gene polymorphism in preterm babies with respiratory distress syndrome"
2260:
2219:
2211:
2167:
2159:
2115:
2107:
2066:
2027:
1984:
1940:
1904:
1861:
1821:
1811:
1761:
1722:
1638:
1590:
1582:
426:
357:
301:
256:
1370:(RDS) is a particularly well-known instance of surfactant deficiency because it has a high
177:
1344:
1302:
1259:
1223:
401:
1214:
SP-B is the mature form of a large precursor protein called proSP-B. Synthesized in the
2200:"Genetic variant associations of human SP-A and SP-D with acute and chronic lung injury"
2023:
1900:
1378:
babies, a variety of other conditions are related to surfactant levels and composition.
1222:, proSP-B weighs approximately 40 kDa and is cut down to the size of mature SP-B in the
2224:
2199:
2172:
2147:
2120:
2095:
1826:
1799:
1595:
1570:
1371:
1282:
1278:
1207:. These are found embedded into membranes and other lipid structures, SP-B is a highly
1908:
1643:
1626:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
638:
633:
2304:
1865:
1310:
1187:
1150:
in this gene are the basis for several of the lung conditions mentioned above. Both
620:
2265:
2248:
1960:
1781:
1685:
Kattan AK, Bulagannawar PS, Malik IH (Oct 2004). "Congenital alveolar proteinosis".
1143:
419:
198:
161:
1434:
SP-B is one of four proteins commonly found in surfactant, the other three being
1118:
molecules in the fluid lining the lung so that tiny air sacs in the lung, called
185:
2148:"Genetic complexity of the human surfactant-associated proteins SP-A1 and SP-A2"
1545:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1527:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1397:
1393:
1208:
1175:
2163:
2111:
1765:
502:
2247:
Lyra PP, Diniz EM, Abe-Sandes K, Angelo AL, Machado TM, Cardeal M (Jan 2011).
1944:
1199:
1195:
1135:
318:
215:
165:
140:, PSP-B, SFTB3, SFTP3, SMDP1, SP-B, surfactant protein B, Surfactant protein B
1355:
SP-B is a critical protein for lung function, and is found in the context of
2031:
1816:
1458:
1340:
1264:
1204:
1147:
765:
562:
440:
385:
372:
284:
271:
173:
2274:
2233:
2181:
2129:
2080:
2071:
2054:
1996:
1952:
1873:
1852:
Weaver TE, Conkright JJ (2001). "Function of surfactant proteins B and C".
1835:
1773:
1734:
1698:
1604:
1347:, a solidifying of vascular tissue that has negative effects on the heart.
2039:
1916:
1726:
1652:
1339:
Once lung distress has occurred, SP-B has been shown to be effective as a
1091:
1086:
28:
1586:
1332:
1171:
1075:
910:
891:
1375:
1191:
1183:
877:
832:
1988:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
1670:
1389:
1179:
1059:
787:
1114:
would not be able to inflate after a deep breath out. It rearranges
1887:
Li JK (Feb 1986). "Comparative cardiac mechanics: Laplace's Law".
1238:
1115:
2215:
1366:
Surfactant deficiency is a common cause of respiratory disease.
1166:
Surfactant protein B (SP-B) is a small protein, weighing about 8
750:
746:
1631:
Biochimica et
Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease
1139:
1111:
153:
600:
1167:
2053:
Saleem M, Meyer MC, Breitenstein D, Galla HJ (Feb 2008).
409:
1450:
of SP-C, and mature SP-C is not formed without SP-B.
1392:
are a broad category of mid-sized molecules that are
574:
2253:
Brazilian
Journal of Medical and Biological Research
1016:
987:
957:
928:
2100:Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
1627:"Structure and properties of surfactant protein B"
1501:
1499:
1497:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1410:Other lipids found commonly in surfactant include
1281:. Effectively, SP-B cuts and pastes pieces of the
1106:is an essential lipid-associated protein found in
721:respiratory gaseous exchange by respiratory system
356:
255:
1666:
1664:
1662:
2193:
2191:
2141:
2139:
1847:
1845:
1793:
1791:
1746:
1744:
16:Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
1564:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1506:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000056370
1620:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1571:"Genetic disorders of surfactant dysfunction"
8:
1625:Hawgood S, Derrick M, Poulain F (Nov 1998).
1933:American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy
1485:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000168878
761:
616:
397:
296:
193:
63:
2293:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
2291:Pulmonary+Surfactant-Associated+Protein+B
2264:
2223:
2171:
2119:
2070:
1825:
1815:
1754:Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology
1642:
1594:
736:positive regulation of catalytic activity
1569:Wert SE, Whitsett JA, Nogee LM (2009).
1472:
1174:are composed of building blocks called
1178:, and SP-B is composed of 79 of them (
18:
1575:Pediatric and Developmental Pathology
361:
322:
317:
260:
219:
214:
7:
2059:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
1326:Acute respiratory distress syndrome
1254:Indirect surface tension reduction
1013:
984:
954:
925:
901:
882:
856:
837:
811:
792:
639:G protein-coupled receptor binding
579:
497:
435:
414:
14:
2146:Silveyra P, Floros J (Dec 2013).
1457:SP-A and SP-D, known together as
665:clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle
1866:10.1146/annurev.physiol.63.1.555
1289:Direct surface tension reduction
590:
583:
345:
338:
332:
309:
244:
237:
231:
206:
27:
2266:10.1590/s0100-879x2010007500147
1448:post-translational modification
1228:post-translational modification
1211:, avoiding contact with water.
1156:single nucleotide polymorphisms
1889:Journal of Theoretical Biology
1405:dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
1272:Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
726:sphingolipid metabolic process
680:endoplasmic reticulum membrane
601:More reference expression data
563:More reference expression data
1:
2198:Silveyra P, Floros J (2012).
1909:10.1016/S0022-5193(86)80064-9
1644:10.1016/S0925-4439(98)00064-7
1368:Respiratory distress syndrome
517:pulmonary alveolar epithelium
330:
229:
1321:SP-B Deficiencies and Issues
1298:Formation of lamellar bodies
2311:Genes on human chromosome 2
1854:Annual Review of Physiology
1122:, can more easily inflate.
483:right lobe of thyroid gland
2352:
2316:Integral membrane proteins
2164:10.1016/j.gene.2012.09.111
2112:10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.228692
1766:10.1016/j.resp.2011.06.019
716:animal organ morphogenesis
1945:10.2500/ajra.2013.27.3838
1541:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
1523:"Human PubMed Reference:"
1226:through a process called
1090:
1085:
1081:
1074:
1058:
1039:
1020:
991:
980:
961:
932:
921:
908:
904:
889:
885:
876:
863:
859:
844:
840:
831:
818:
814:
799:
795:
786:
771:
764:
760:
744:
690:multivesicular body lumen
634:enzyme activator activity
619:
615:
598:
582:
573:
560:
509:
500:
487:mucosa of paranasal sinus
447:
438:
408:
400:
396:
379:
366:
329:
308:
299:
295:
278:
265:
228:
205:
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147:
144:
134:
127:
122:
71:
66:
49:
44:
39:
35:
26:
21:
2295:Medical Subject Headings
1420:phosphatidylethanolamine
529:epithelium of bronchiole
471:tendon of biceps brachii
2204:Frontiers in Bioscience
2032:10.1126/science.1948032
1817:10.1186/1465-9921-12-36
1052:Chr 6: 72.28 – 72.29 Mb
1045:Chr 2: 85.66 – 85.67 Mb
463:upper lobe of left lung
2331:Respiratory physiology
2072:10.1074/jbc.M705944200
685:alveolar lamellar body
1727:10.1378/chest.13-1651
1687:Saudi Medical Journal
1351:Context in surfactant
1216:endoplasmic reticulum
1804:Respiratory Research
1587:10.2350/09-01-0586.1
1444:surfactant protein D
1440:surfactant protein C
1436:surfactant protein A
1416:phosphatidylinositol
1412:phosphatidylglycerol
1357:pulmonary surfactant
1315:pulmonary surfactant
1152:frameshift mutations
1108:pulmonary surfactant
1104:Surfactant protein B
660:extracellular region
363:6 C1|6 32.27 cM
324:Chromosome 6 (mouse)
222:Chromosome 2 (human)
67:List of PDB id codes
40:Available structures
2024:1991Sci...254..566C
1901:1986JThBi.118..339K
1430:Surfactant proteins
1307:type II pneumocytes
1220:type II pneumocytes
1130:SP-B is encoded by
1110:. Without it, the
700:extracellular space
655:multivesicular body
1424:phosphatidylserine
1134:, a single, 11425
866:ENSMUSG00000056370
709:Biological process
648:Cellular component
627:Molecular function
479:buccal mucosa cell
459:upper lobe of lung
451:lower lobe of lung
1989:10.1021/bi101426s
1385:Surfactant lipids
1361:standard pressure
1101:
1100:
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1096:
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917:
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852:
827:
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611:
610:
607:
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569:
568:
556:
555:
494:
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392:
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291:
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186:SFTPB - orthologs
118:
117:
114:
113:
50:Ortholog search:
2343:
2279:
2278:
2268:
2244:
2238:
2237:
2227:
2195:
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2175:
2143:
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2007:
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1971:
1965:
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1503:
1492:
1482:
1083:
1082:
1054:
1047:
1030:
1014:
1005:
985:
981:RefSeq (protein)
971:
955:
946:
926:
902:
883:
857:
838:
812:
793:
762:
731:lipid metabolism
675:lamellar granule
617:
603:
594:
587:
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565:
505:
503:Top expressed in
498:
443:
441:Top expressed in
436:
415:
398:
388:
375:
364:
349:
342:
336:
325:
313:
297:
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109:
64:
58:
37:
36:
31:
19:
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2344:
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2341:
2340:
2301:
2300:
2287:
2282:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2197:
2196:
2189:
2145:
2144:
2137:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2065:(8): 5195–207.
2052:
2051:
2047:
2018:(5031): 566–8.
2009:
2008:
2004:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1929:
1928:
1924:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1851:
1850:
1843:
1797:
1796:
1789:
1750:
1749:
1742:
1711:
1710:
1706:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1669:
1660:
1637:(2–3): 150–60.
1624:
1623:
1612:
1568:
1567:
1552:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1504:
1495:
1483:
1474:
1470:
1432:
1387:
1353:
1345:atherosclerosis
1323:
1303:Lamellar bodies
1300:
1291:
1260:surface tension
1256:
1247:
1224:golgi apparatus
1164:
1128:
1092:View/Edit Mouse
1087:View/Edit Human
1050:
1043:
1040:Location (UCSC)
1026:
1022:
1001:
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967:
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942:
938:
934:
847:ENSG00000168878
740:
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531:
527:
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490:
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477:
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469:
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455:visceral pleura
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300:Gene location (
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197:Gene location (
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73:
51:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2285:External links
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2187:
2135:
2106:(9): 2136–43.
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2045:
2002:
1966:
1922:
1879:
1841:
1787:
1740:
1721:(6): 1237–43.
1704:
1693:(10): 1474–7.
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1610:
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1372:mortality rate
1352:
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1283:lipid bilayers
1279:tubular myelin
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1037:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1018:
1017:
1011:
1008:
1007:
989:
988:
982:
978:
977:
974:
973:
959:
958:
952:
949:
948:
930:
929:
923:
919:
918:
915:
914:
906:
905:
899:
896:
895:
887:
886:
880:
874:
873:
870:
869:
861:
860:
854:
851:
850:
842:
841:
835:
829:
828:
825:
824:
816:
815:
809:
806:
805:
797:
796:
790:
784:
783:
778:
773:
769:
768:
758:
757:
754:
753:
742:
741:
739:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
712:
710:
706:
705:
703:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
651:
649:
645:
644:
642:
641:
636:
630:
628:
624:
623:
613:
612:
609:
608:
605:
604:
596:
595:
577:
571:
570:
567:
566:
558:
557:
554:
553:
551:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
507:
506:
495:
492:
491:
489:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
445:
444:
432:
431:
423:
412:
406:
405:
402:RNA expression
394:
393:
390:
389:
381:
377:
376:
368:
365:
360:
354:
353:
344:
337:
331:
327:
326:
321:
315:
314:
306:
305:
293:
292:
289:
288:
280:
276:
275:
267:
264:
259:
253:
252:
243:
236:
230:
226:
225:
218:
212:
211:
203:
202:
190:
189:
146:
142:
141:
133:
125:
124:
120:
119:
116:
115:
112:
111:
69:
68:
60:
59:
48:
42:
41:
33:
32:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2348:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2276:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2243:
2240:
2235:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2210:(2): 407–29.
2209:
2205:
2201:
2194:
2192:
2188:
2183:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2158:(2): 126–32.
2157:
2153:
2149:
2142:
2140:
2136:
2131:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2090:
2087:
2082:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2049:
2046:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2006:
2003:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1970:
1967:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1926:
1923:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1895:(3): 339–43.
1894:
1890:
1883:
1880:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1848:
1846:
1842:
1837:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1760:(2): 256–60.
1759:
1755:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1708:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1659:
1654:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1606:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1581:(4): 253–74.
1580:
1576:
1572:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1551:
1546:
1542:
1536:
1533:
1528:
1524:
1518:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1473:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1455:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1406:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1334:
1329:
1327:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1312:
1311:organogenesis
1308:
1304:
1297:
1295:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1273:
1268:
1266:
1261:
1253:
1251:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1236:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1188:phenylalanine
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1093:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1073:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1019:
1015:
1012:
1006:
1004:
1000:
996:
990:
986:
983:
979:
972:
970:
966:
960:
956:
953:
947:
945:
941:
937:
931:
927:
924:
922:RefSeq (mRNA)
920:
913:
912:
907:
903:
900:
894:
893:
888:
884:
881:
879:
875:
868:
867:
862:
858:
855:
849:
848:
843:
839:
836:
834:
830:
823:
822:
817:
813:
810:
804:
803:
798:
794:
791:
789:
785:
782:
779:
777:
774:
770:
767:
763:
759:
752:
748:
743:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
713:
711:
708:
707:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
652:
650:
647:
646:
640:
637:
635:
632:
631:
629:
626:
625:
622:
621:Gene ontology
618:
614:
602:
597:
593:
586:
581:
578:
576:
572:
564:
559:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
521:alveolar duct
520:
516:
512:
511:
508:
504:
499:
496:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
449:
446:
442:
437:
434:
433:
430:
428:
424:
422:
421:
417:
416:
413:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
387:
382:
378:
374:
369:
359:
355:
348:
341:
335:
328:
320:
316:
312:
307:
303:
298:
294:
286:
281:
277:
273:
268:
258:
254:
247:
240:
234:
227:
223:
217:
213:
209:
204:
200:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
143:
138:
131:
126:
121:
110:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
70:
65:
62:
61:
57:
54:
47:
43:
38:
34:
30:
25:
20:
2321:Lipopeptides
2259:(1): 66–72.
2256:
2252:
2242:
2216:10.2741/3935
2207:
2203:
2155:
2151:
2103:
2099:
2089:
2062:
2058:
2048:
2015:
2011:
2005:
1983:(1): 25–36.
1980:
1977:Biochemistry
1976:
1969:
1936:
1932:
1925:
1892:
1888:
1882:
1857:
1853:
1807:
1803:
1757:
1753:
1718:
1714:
1707:
1690:
1686:
1680:
1634:
1630:
1578:
1574:
1544:
1535:
1526:
1517:
1463:
1456:
1452:
1442:(SP-C), and
1433:
1409:
1402:
1388:
1380:
1365:
1354:
1338:
1330:
1324:
1317:(see below)
1301:
1292:
1276:
1269:
1257:
1248:
1235:saposin-like
1232:
1213:
1165:
1154:and several
1144:chromosome 2
1131:
1129:
1103:
1102:
1024:NP_001269000
1021:
1003:NP_001354210
992:
965:NM_001282071
962:
944:NM_001367281
933:
909:
890:
864:
845:
819:
800:
780:
775:
425:
418:
145:External IDs
72:
2336:Surfactants
1939:(1): 24–9.
1398:amphipathic
1394:hydrophobic
1209:hydrophobic
1176:amino acids
695:nucleoplasm
533:granulocyte
384:72,291,354
371:72,281,594
283:85,668,741
270:85,657,314
123:Identifiers
2305:Categories
1860:: 555–78.
1671:EntrezGene
1512:, May 2017
1491:, May 2017
1468:References
1459:collectins
1422:(PE), and
1233:SP-B is a
1200:tryptophan
1196:isoleucine
1136:nucleotide
525:bronchiole
467:right lung
429:(ortholog)
166:HomoloGene
1810:(1): 36.
1341:biomarker
1265:monolayer
1205:homodimer
1148:Mutations
1028:NP_680088
999:NP_942140
995:NP_000533
969:NM_147779
940:NM_198843
936:NM_000542
766:Orthologs
174:GeneCards
2326:Proteins
2275:21180884
2234:22201752
2182:23069847
2130:21817103
2081:18093983
1997:21128671
1961:34564655
1953:23406594
1874:11181967
1836:21429235
1782:30847636
1774:21736957
1735:24337193
1699:15494826
1605:19220077
1508:–
1487:–
1438:(SP-A),
1333:peptides
1245:Function
1172:Proteins
1076:Wikidata
745:Sources:
670:lysosome
549:yolk sac
2225:3635489
2173:3570704
2121:3177606
2040:1948032
2020:Bibcode
2012:Science
1917:3713216
1897:Bibcode
1827:3072954
1653:9813296
1596:2987676
1510:Ensembl
1489:Ensembl
1376:preterm
1192:leucine
1184:alanine
1162:Protein
1120:alveoli
878:UniProt
833:Ensembl
772:Species
751:QuickGO
404:pattern
130:Aliases
2297:(MeSH)
2273:
2232:
2222:
2180:
2170:
2128:
2118:
2079:
2038:
1995:
1959:
1951:
1915:
1872:
1834:
1824:
1780:
1772:
1733:
1697:
1651:
1603:
1593:
1426:(PS).
1418:(PI),
1414:(PG),
1403:DPPC (
1390:Lipids
1374:among
1198:, and
1180:Valine
1062:search
1060:PubMed
911:P50405
892:P07988
788:Entrez
575:BioGPS
541:zygote
537:morula
262:2p11.2
162:109516
154:178640
1957:S2CID
1778:S2CID
1715:Chest
1239:lysis
1138:long
1132:SFTPB
1116:lipid
821:20388
781:Mouse
776:Human
747:Amigo
545:heart
475:sperm
427:Mouse
420:Human
367:Start
302:Mouse
266:Start
199:Human
178:SFTPB
137:SFTPB
22:SFTPB
2271:PMID
2230:PMID
2178:PMID
2152:Gene
2126:PMID
2077:PMID
2036:PMID
1993:PMID
1949:PMID
1913:PMID
1870:PMID
1832:PMID
1770:PMID
1731:PMID
1695:PMID
1674:6439
1649:PMID
1635:1408
1601:PMID
1258:The
1140:gene
1126:Gene
1112:lung
802:6439
513:lung
410:Bgee
358:Band
319:Chr.
257:Band
216:Chr.
150:OMIM
107:2M1T
103:2M0H
99:2JOU
95:2DWF
91:1SSZ
87:1RG4
83:1RG3
79:1KMR
75:1DFW
56:RCSB
53:PDBe
2261:doi
2220:PMC
2212:doi
2168:PMC
2160:doi
2156:531
2116:PMC
2108:doi
2067:doi
2063:283
2028:doi
2016:254
1985:doi
1941:doi
1905:doi
1893:118
1862:doi
1822:PMC
1812:doi
1762:doi
1758:178
1723:doi
1719:145
1639:doi
1591:PMC
1583:doi
1396:or
1218:of
1168:kDa
1142:on
380:End
279:End
182:OMA
170:456
158:MGI
46:PDB
2307::
2269:.
2257:44
2255:.
2251:.
2228:.
2218:.
2208:17
2206:.
2202:.
2190:^
2176:.
2166:.
2154:.
2150:.
2138:^
2124:.
2114:.
2104:31
2102:.
2098:.
2075:.
2061:.
2057:.
2034:.
2026:.
2014:.
1991:.
1981:50
1979:.
1955:.
1947:.
1937:27
1935:.
1911:.
1903:.
1891:.
1868:.
1858:63
1856:.
1844:^
1830:.
1820:.
1808:12
1806:.
1802:.
1790:^
1776:.
1768:.
1756:.
1743:^
1729:.
1717:.
1691:25
1689:.
1661:^
1647:.
1633:.
1629:.
1613:^
1599:.
1589:.
1579:12
1577:.
1573:.
1553:^
1543:.
1525:.
1496:^
1475:^
1194:,
1190:,
1186:,
1182:,
1170:.
1146:.
749:/
386:bp
373:bp
285:bp
272:bp
180:;
176::
172:;
168::
164:;
160::
156:;
152::
105:,
101:,
97:,
93:,
89:,
85:,
81:,
77:,
2277:.
2263::
2236:.
2214::
2184:.
2162::
2132:.
2110::
2083:.
2069::
2042:.
2030::
2022::
1999:.
1987::
1963:.
1943::
1919:.
1907::
1899::
1876:.
1864::
1838:.
1814::
1784:.
1764::
1737:.
1725::
1701:.
1655:.
1641::
1607:.
1585::
1547:.
1529:.
304:)
201:)
184::
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