390:
354:
92:
366:
414:
342:
1066:
499:
468:
85:
518:
456:
432:
74:
378:
480:
136:
649:
67:
443:
1340:, 90% of Lithuanians lived in the areas close to the Polish-Lithuanian border and nearly 60% of them resided in Gmina Puńsk. The 2011 census, which allowed respondents to declare double national and ethnic identity, found that 49% of the people who declared Lithuanian nationality (either as their first or second identity) lived in Gmina Puńsk and Gmina Sejny (3,846 out of 7,863).
1078:
941:
530:
402:
152:
219:
839:
The Foch line coincided approximately with the eastern ethnic boundary of
Lithuania. It evolved into the future Polish–Lithuanian border, which was internationally recognized in 1923, while being rejected by the Lithuanian government. A small ethnically Lithuanian area (north of Sejny (Lithuanian:
1357:
Kozłowska, Dorota; Ryszkowski, Wojciech; Kulikowska, Ewa; Fiłonowicz, Tomasz (2014). "Kultywowanie i popularność warsztatów rękodzielniczych na
Suwalszczyźnie (Promotion and popularity of handicrafts workshops in the Suwałki region)". In Kozłowska, Dorota (ed.).
2016:
Wiśniewski, Jerzy (1967). "Dzieje osadnictwa w powiecie augustowskim od XV do końca XVIII wieku (The history of the colonization of the district of
Augustow in the period covering the 15th and 18th centuries)". In Antoniewicz, Jerzy (ed.).
1435:
The northern part of what was then Suwałki province, which belonged until World War I to the so-called Polish
Kingdom, a part of the Russian Empire, was an ethnically Lithuanian area, and it now belongs to the Lithuanian
246:
802:, which took place on 16 February 1919. Nevertheless, the German military saw further strengthening of Polish aspirations as disadvantageous and in March 1919 handed control over the area to the Lithuanian
1975:
1941:
1976:"Gminy, w których udział mniejszości narodowych, etnicznych lub społeczności posługującej się językiem kaszubskim wsród ogółu mieszkańców stanowił w 2011 roku co najmniej 10% (2011 Census data)"
767:(district) and 74.2% in the Suwałki Kreis. Lithuanians accounted for 0.3% and 9.6% respectively. The Sejny Kreis had a Lithuanian majority of 51%. Poles made up 43.3% of the population.
983:
994:, while in the Soviet-occupied part the Russians carried out deportations of Poles into the USSR. In April 1940, the Germans carried out mass deportations of local Polish
1983:
1949:
91:
1587:
The Suwałki region is a peculiar territory established in the 19th c. and combining the areas once belonging to the Great Duchy of
Lithuania and to the Crown.
1641:
799:
1019:
929:
1386:
2239:
135:
2046:
Naruszewicz, Tomasz (2003). "Dzieje społeczności żydowskiej w Bakałarzewie w latach 1800–1914". In
Markowski, Artur; Śleszyński, Wojciech (eds.).
790:
In
November 1918, the German forces allowed the establishment of Polish civilian administration in the form of the Provisional Citizens' Council (
810:
84:
1740:
2234:
1428:
1369:
856:
973:
821:
between Poland and
Lithuania. The line left on the Polish side: the counties of Suwałki and Augustów, the town of Sejny, and four communes (
695:, in a Russian census conducted during the 1880s, was about 58% Lithuanian. Most of its territory is now part of Lithuania, with only three
509:
490:
315:
1633:
1569:
Filipowicz, Sławomir (2003). "Archiwalia
Suwalszczyzny. Zasób rozproszony (Archive materials of the Suwałki Region–dispersed holdings)".
2249:
784:
637:
2195:
1901:
1876:
1612:
1553:
991:
776:
1847:
1771:
1516:
1459:
552:
era ushered in the first settled agricultural communities in the area of present-day Poland, whose founders had migrated from the
66:
2092:"The contemporary situation of Polish minority in Lithuania and Lithuanian minority in Poland from the institutional perspective"
1003:
780:
1387:"Geografia wyborcza województwa podlaskiego (Electoral geography in the Podlaskie Voivodship in the context of local elections)"
1942:"Mniejszości narodowe i etniczne oraz społeczność posługująca się językiem kaszubskim wg powiatów w 2011 r. (2011 Census data)"
1159:
565:
1475:
2059:
1320:
had a Jewish majority in the late 19th century and was inhabited mainly by Jews in the interwar period. Today both Puńsk and
633:
358:
1508:
1491:
The stops on my way to Warsaw at Seinai and
Suvalkai, where the majority of Poland's Lithuanians live, were also important.
1449:
1053:(15.5%). There are Lithuanian schools and cultural societies present in the Suwałki region and the Lithuanian language is
1034:
323:
1926:
Guzewicz, Wojciech (2008). "Eksterminacja duchowieństwa katolickiego na Suwalszczyźnie w okresie okupacji niemieckiej".
1054:
204:
841:
629:
268:
73:
2091:
1119:
522:
2244:
2108:
2051:
1868:
1725:
1164:
1081:
1007:
999:
661:
51:
932:
of Poland, respectively. The region was the least economically developed part of Poland in the interwar period.
1065:
987:
625:
560:
populations adopted and further developed the agricultural way of life, between 4400 and about 2000 BC. During
346:
836:
from advancing Soviets. In September 1920, the Poles forced the Lithuanians to withdraw behind the Foch Line.
298:
The region was disputed between Poland and Lithuania after their re-emergence as independent states following
1281:
Buchowski gives the following data: Lithuanians – 60%, Poles – 20%, Jews – 16%, Germans – 3%, Russians – 1%.
1604:
218:
1087:
The Suwałki Region has many lakes and forests and is considered a relatively undeveloped region in Poland.
1226:
1186:
1023:
1018:
After World War II, Poland regained control over the territory. The area was administratively part of the
840:
Seinai) and around Puńsk (Lithuanian: Punskas)) was left under Polish control. The Suwałki section of the
692:
653:
460:
436:
292:
833:
2018:
1476:"Zilvinas Norkunas "A Destiny Called Lithuania", Lithuania in the World (Interview with Valdas Adamkus)"
1337:
1191:
1181:
1154:
1042:
1027:
924:
The aforementioned units roughly correspondended to the actual administrative division of the area into
779:
in the wake of World War I, but its eastern borders were not settled. The Suwałki Region was claimed by
703:
307:
183:
733:
Augustów Uyezd – Polish (49.1%), Belarusian (32.5%), Jewish (11.6%), Russian (5.4%), Lithuanian (0.2%);
764:
193:
1417:
Ethnic Groups and Population Changes in Twentieth Century Eastern Europe: History, Data and Analysis
2099:
1169:
913:
895:
877:
561:
252:
736:
Suwałki Uyezd – Polish (66.8%), Jewish (11.3%), Lithuanian (8.5%), Russian (7.9%), German (4.3%);
1709:
1705:
1701:
1685:
1681:
949:
665:
370:
303:
212:
739:
Sejny Uyezd – Lithuanian (59.6%), Polish (22.9%), Jewish (11.8%), Russian (4.4%), German (1.2%).
280:
2130:
2055:
1897:
1872:
1843:
1767:
1744:
1608:
1578:
1549:
1512:
1455:
1424:
1397:
1365:
1305:
Most of the Sejny county (10 out of 14 communes) remained on the Lithuanian side of the line.
1230:
1196:
978:
828:
The Lithuanian army left the region in July–August 1919, after the Entente's decision and the
688:
284:
111:
2077:
Najwięcej Litwinów zamieszkuje w gminie Puńsk, gdzie stanowią oni około 80 proc. mieszkańców.
2048:
Sztetł - Wspólne Dziedzictwo: szkice z dziejów ludności żydowskiej Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
1865:
Evolution from Abroad: The Soviet Conquest of Poland's Western Ukraine and Western Belorussia
1689:
2120:
2112:
1250:
855:
period, the Lithuanian authorities claimed that the region consisted of three counties (see
818:
744:
2074:
763:. In the German census of 1916, Poles constituted 86.6% of the inhabitants in the Augustów
2023:(in Polish and English). Białostockie Towarzystwo Naukowe. pp. 14, 39, 139, 167, 292.
1262:
1254:
1124:
791:
676:
669:
394:
382:
239:
231:
1321:
1201:
1046:
995:
829:
806:. In May 1919, units of the Lithuanian army joined German troops in Suwałki and Sejny.
684:
680:
648:
593:
311:
106:
27:
This article is about the part of the region in Poland. For the part in Lithuania, see
729:
The three corresponding uyezds (counties) had the following population, by language:
2228:
597:
589:
1479:
1225:
was formed in the second half of the 19th century to describe the territory of the
1038:
969:
961:
957:
953:
845:
573:
553:
504:
485:
473:
406:
319:
288:
1916:
Vitalija Stravinskienė. Lenkijos Lietuvių bandruomenė 1944-2000 metais. 2004, p.32
1099:
1050:
873:
756:
710:
613:
601:
585:
334:
299:
1249:(including the area of modern town of Augustów) belonged, with some breaks, to
572:. They were at the outer limits of any substantial cultural influence from the
330:
Historical affiliations of the region (including occupations during world wars)
17:
1359:
1139:
1094:
1077:
1070:
940:
891:
716:
605:
557:
260:
167:
117:
2210:
2197:
2160:
The Reconstruction of Nations: Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, 1569-1999
2134:
1748:
1582:
1401:
1420:
1258:
868:
852:
814:
609:
549:
448:
272:
174:
28:
1134:
1726:"Stosunki polsko litewskie na sejneńszczyźnie na przełomie XIX i XX wieku"
719:– Polish (38.7% ), Jewish (32.9%), Russian, (21.6%), Lithuanian (0.5%);
2187:
2179:
1317:
760:
419:
2116:
713:– Polish (46.2%), Jewish (28.5%), Russian (18.7%), Lithuanian (0.2%);
2125:
725:– Jewish (50.8%), Polish (40.4%), Lithuanian (4.2%), Russian (2.5%).
632:
until 1569. Afterwards it was divided between the Grand Duchy and the
1257:, Augustów was transferred to the Crown and absorbed by the Augustów
1246:
925:
813:
ordered the German army to leave the Suwałki Region, and adopted the
803:
696:
535:
276:
264:
200:
179:
157:
1601:
God's Playground A History of Poland: Volume II: 1795 to the Present
1478:. President of the Republic of Lithuania. 1998-08-30. Archived from
314:. The area has since been part of Poland, with the exception of the
1842:(15th ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 1992. p. 590U.
759:, the region was captured by the German army and incorporated into
2180:
English language information site about Suwalszczyzna for visitors
1144:
1109:
1104:
1076:
1064:
982:
campaign, which included mass arrests, massacres, deportations to
965:
939:
909:
822:
722:
647:
569:
123:
2165:
United States Congress Select Committee on Communist Aggression,
1662:Šenavičienė, Ieva (1999). "Tautos budimas ir blaivybės sąjūdis".
612:
remained largely void of settlement until the 16th century, when
1293:
TROOS encompassed the counties of Augustów, Suwałki, and Sejny.
825:) of the Sejny county: Krasnopol, Krasnowo, Berżniki, and Giby.
2167:
Baltic States: A Study of Their Origin and National Development
1229:. In its narrowest sense, it may also refer to the area of the
140:
A map of the Suwałki Region, with towns, roads and forest areas
596:
in the 14th century, their southern lands were repopulated by
568:, the northeast corner of what is now Poland was populated by
956:
in September 1939, most of the Suwałki Region was annexed by
699:, Augustów, Suwałki, and Sejny, partially located in Poland.
291:, and roughly corresponds to the southern part of the former
1797:
1795:
1700:
Russian Empire Census of 1897. demoscope.ru. (in Russian).
1680:
Russian Empire Census of 1897. demoscope.ru. (in Russian).
105:
From top, left to right: Sumowo Bakałarzewskie Lake and
2020:
Studia i materiały do dziejów Pojezierza Augustowskiego
976:, the Polish population was subjected to the genocidal
743:
The town of Sejny was located on the Polish-Lithuanian
624:
The region belonged, either fully or partially, to the
2107:(1). Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization.
1361:
Rekreacja, turystyka i tradycje na obszarach wiejskich
1045:
and exceeded 10% of the inhabitants in two communes –
706:
recorded the linguistic composition of local towns:
556:
area beginning about 5500 BC. Later, the native post-
1041:
where they accounted for 20.2% of the population in
211:
190:
173:
163:
145:
39:
322:. The Suwałki Region remains as the center of the
2090:Barwiński, Marek; Leśniewska, Katarzyna (2014).
1026:until 1998, and since 1999 it is located in the
332:
1548:(2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. p. 334.
1396:(in Polish) (12). Wolters Kluwer Polska: 256.
796:Tymczasowa Rada Obywatelska Okręgu Suwalskiego
652:Modern Lithuanian borders superimposed on the
2085:
2083:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1733:Lietuvių Katalikų Mokslo Akademijos Metraštis
8:
1719:
1717:
1531:
1073:, the largest city and capital of the region
859:), that were illegally occupied by Poland.
259:) is a historical region around the city of
1896:(in Polish). Książka i Wiedza. p. 51.
675:In 1815, the Suwałki Region became part of
668:from 1795 to 1807. It then belonged to the
2003:
1642:POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews
1503:Derwich, Marek; Żurek, Adam, eds. (2002).
798:, TROOS). They permitted elections to the
36:
2124:
2033:
1840:The New Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. XIV
1825:
1813:
1801:
1786:
1766:(in Polish). Adam Marszałek. p. 30.
832:. They returned a year later, during the
1628:
1626:
1624:
1984:Ministry of Interior and Administration
1950:Ministry of Interior and Administration
1451:Encyclopedia of the Languages of Europe
1349:
783:, based on cultural heritage and later
210:
172:
162:
144:
132:
57:
1741:Lithuanian Catholic Academy of Science
1253:(from the mid-13th c. to 1409). After
1037:. Lithuanians are concentrated in the
964:. A small part, including the town of
928:of Augustów, Suwałki and Sejny of the
2162:, Yale University Press 2003, page 33
857:administrative divisions of Lithuania
238:
189:
7:
785:1920 peace treaty with Soviet Russia
781:re-established independent Lithuania
1033:The area is still inhabited by the
944:World War II destruction in Suwałki
664:, the whole region belonged to the
1894:Konflikt polsko-litewski 1918-1920
1546:Historical Dictionary of Lithuania
998:to concentration camps, including
948:Following the joint German-Soviet
25:
1980:mniejszosci.narodowe.mswia.gov.pl
1946:mniejszosci.narodowe.mswia.gov.pl
1762:Srebrakowski, Aleksander (2001).
1364:(in Polish). WSWFIT. p. 63.
960:and adjoined to the province of
616:began to migrate into the area.
608:. Their northern territories of
528:
516:
497:
478:
466:
454:
441:
430:
412:
400:
388:
376:
364:
352:
340:
217:
150:
134:
116:Saint Alexander Co-Cathedral in
90:
83:
72:
65:
1160:Puszcza Romincka Landscape Park
1634:"Puńsk. Historia miejscowości"
1505:U źródeł Polski (do roku 1038)
1331:
1312:
1300:
1288:
1276:
1240:
1216:
683:to Russia and absorbed by the
638:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
634:Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
359:Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
302:. This dispute along with the
122:Basilica of the Visitation in
1:
1724:Buchowski, Krzysztof (2003).
687:in the aftermath of the 1830
324:Lithuanian minority in Poland
2235:Historical regions in Poland
2075:Lithuanian Embassy in Poland
1544:Sužiedėlis, Saulius (2011).
1324:have Lithuanian majorities.
679:, a state which was tied by
451:, contested during 1919–1920
316:German and Soviet occupation
34:Historical region in Poland
2266:
2240:Lithuania–Poland relations
2109:Polish Academy of Sciences
1869:Princeton University Press
890:formed around the city of
257:Suvalkų kraštas, Suvalkija
26:
1892:Łossowski, Piotr (1996).
1573:(in Polish and English).
1448:Glanville, Price (1998).
1415:Eberhardt, Piotr (2015).
1057:in the commune of Puńsk.
844:remained unchanged after
662:Third Partition of Poland
133:
58:
49:
1532:Derwich & Żurek 2002
1509:Wydawnictwo Dolnośląskie
1454:. Blackwell Publishing.
1120:Augustów Primeval Forest
908:centered on the town of
842:Polish–Lithuanian border
626:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
566:Polish Early Middle Ages
523:Polish People's Republic
347:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
43:
2211:54.100000°N 22.933333°E
2169:, WS Hein 1972, page 71
2052:University of Białystok
1863:Gross, Jan. T. (2002).
1764:Polacy w Litewskiej SSR
1605:Oxford University Press
1599:Davies, Norman (2005).
1385:Madras, Tomasz (2011).
800:Polish Legislative Sejm
630:Polish–Lithuanian union
240:[suvalʂt͡ʂɨzna]
2153:Encyclopedia Lituanica
1930:(in Polish) (10): 143.
1267:starostwo augustowskie
1266:
1245:Parts of the Augustów
1187:Demographics of Poland
1165:Suwałki Landscape Park
1084:
1082:Suwałki Landscape Park
1074:
945:
917:
899:
881:
795:
657:
540:
461:Second Polish Republic
437:Second Polish Republic
256:
235:
2250:Polish–Lithuanian War
1394:Samorząd Terytorialny
1338:Polish census of 2002
1192:Polish-Lithuanian War
1182:Lithuanians in Poland
1155:Biebrza National Park
1080:
1068:
1055:spoken in the offices
1028:Podlaskie Voivodeship
1022:until 1975, then the
1020:Białystok Voivodeship
943:
930:Białystok Voivodeship
872:based in the town of
834:Polish Army's retreat
775:Poland's sovereignty
651:
308:Polish-Lithuanian War
306:was the cause of the
275:. It encompasses the
192: • Summer (
2216:54.100000; 22.933333
968:was occupied by the
2207: /
2188:Dawna Suwalszczyzna
2117:10.7163/GPol.2014.2
2100:Geographia Polonica
1828:, pp. 183–184.
1816:, pp. 180–181.
1789:, pp. 178–179.
1534:, pp. 116–119.
1227:Suwałki Governorate
1170:Wigry National Park
1035:Lithuanian minority
1024:Suwałki Voivodeship
988:concentration camps
704:1897 Russian Census
693:Suwałki Governorate
672:from 1808 to 1815.
654:Suwałki Governorate
636:, both forming the
588:were eradicated or
337:until 14th century
293:Suwałki Governorate
2155:, J. Kapočius 1978
2151:Simas Sužiedēlis,
1423:. pp. 27–28.
1085:
1075:
972:until 1941. Under
950:invasion of Poland
946:
809:In July 1919, the
666:Kingdom of Prussia
658:
570:West Baltic tribes
371:Kingdom of Prussia
2245:Regions of Europe
1511:. pp. 8–53.
1430:978-1-317-47096-0
1371:978-83-929836-8-2
1336:According to the
979:Intelligenzaktion
974:German occupation
888:Suvalkų Apskritis
689:November Uprising
225:
224:
52:Historical region
16:(Redirected from
2257:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2217:
2212:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2203:
2200:
2186:
2158:Timothy Snyder,
2139:
2138:
2128:
2096:
2087:
2078:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2043:
2037:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2013:
2007:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1972:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1923:
1917:
1914:
1908:
1907:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1835:
1829:
1823:
1817:
1811:
1805:
1799:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1777:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1730:
1721:
1712:
1698:
1692:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1630:
1619:
1618:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1541:
1535:
1529:
1523:
1522:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1488:
1487:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1391:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1354:
1335:
1316:
1304:
1292:
1280:
1244:
1221:The Polish term
1220:
952:, which started
862:These included:
819:demarcation line
745:ethno-linguistic
620:Early modern era
584:After the local
562:Polish antiquity
534:
532:
531:
521:
520:
519:
503:
501:
500:
484:
482:
481:
472:
470:
469:
459:
458:
457:
447:
445:
444:
435:
434:
433:
417:
416:
415:
405:
404:
403:
393:
392:
391:
381:
380:
379:
369:
368:
367:
357:
356:
355:
345:
344:
343:
304:Vilnius question
263:in northeastern
250:
249:
248:
242:
221:
197:
156:
154:
153:
138:
94:
87:
76:
69:
37:
21:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2225:
2224:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2206:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2184:
2176:
2148:
2143:
2142:
2094:
2089:
2088:
2081:
2073:
2069:
2062:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2032:
2028:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2004:Filipowicz 2003
2002:
1998:
1988:
1986:
1974:
1973:
1964:
1954:
1952:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1915:
1911:
1904:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1879:
1862:
1861:
1857:
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1125:Romincka Forest
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817:as a temporary
773:
771:Interwar period
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677:Congress Poland
670:Duchy of Warsaw
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2070:
2047:
2041:
2029:
2019:
2011:
1999:
1987:. Retrieved
1979:
1953:. Retrieved
1945:
1936:
1927:
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1864:
1858:
1839:
1833:
1821:
1809:
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1736:
1732:
1710:Sejny uyezd
1696:
1676:
1667:
1663:
1657:
1645:. Retrieved
1637:
1600:
1594:
1586:
1574:
1570:
1564:
1545:
1539:
1527:
1504:
1498:
1490:
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1480:the original
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1039:Sejny County
1032:
1017:
977:
970:Soviet Union
962:East Prussia
958:Nazi Germany
954:World War II
947:
936:World War II
923:
905:
887:
866:
861:
850:
846:World War II
838:
827:
808:
789:
777:was restored
774:
754:
742:
728:
701:
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644:19th century
623:
583:
574:Roman Empire
554:Danube River
547:
508:
505:Nazi Germany
489:
486:Soviet Union
474:Nazi Germany
424:
418:
407:Vistula Land
333:
320:World War II
297:
227:
226:
2214: /
2185:(in Polish)
1322:Gmina Puńsk
1061:Countryside
1051:Gmina Sejny
1047:Gmina Puńsk
851:During the
757:World War I
751:World War I
656:, in yellow
614:Lithuanians
602:Belarusians
586:Yotvingians
580:Middle Ages
507:1941–1944 (
488:1939–1941 (
423:1915–1919 (
335:Yotvingians
300:World War I
107:Bakałarzewo
2229:Categories
2202:22°56′00″E
2199:54°06′00″N
2126:11089/4078
2061:8387881260
1486:2008-04-23
1344:References
1140:Wigry Lake
992:expulsions
914:Lithuanian
896:Lithuanian
882:Augustavas
878:Lithuanian
867:Augustavo
747:boundary.
606:Ukrainians
590:Germanized
558:Mesolithic
510:occupation
491:occupation
425:occupation
349:1400s–1569
269:the border
253:Lithuanian
2135:2300-7362
2111:: 28–29.
1749:1392-0502
1583:0066-6041
1421:Routledge
1402:0867-4973
1259:starostwo
1115:Forests:
869:Apskritis
815:Foch Line
610:Suvalkija
550:Neolithic
525:1944–1989
463:1920–1939
449:Lithuania
409:1867–1915
397:1815–1867
385:1807–1815
373:1795–1807
361:1569–1795
273:Lithuania
175:Time zone
29:Suvalkija
1682:Augustów
1664:Istorija
1571:Archeion
1176:See also
1100:Augustów
900:Suvalkai
874:Augustów
853:Interwar
761:Ober Ost
711:Augustów
564:and the
420:Ober Ost
310:and the
281:Augustów
213:Highways
2146:Sources
1743:: 172.
1686:Suwałki
1251:Mazovia
1150:Parks:
1130:Lakes:
1095:Suwałki
1090:Towns:
1071:Suwałki
926:powiats
892:Suwałki
811:Entente
755:During
717:Suwałki
592:by the
544:History
318:during
285:Suwałki
277:powiats
261:Suwałki
168:Suwałki
164:Capital
146:Country
118:Suwałki
2133:
2058:
1989:29 May
1955:29 May
1900:
1875:
1846:
1770:
1747:
1647:29 May
1611:
1581:
1552:
1515:
1458:
1436:state.
1427:
1400:
1368:
1263:Polish
1247:powiat
1135:Hańcza
1008:Dachau
1000:Soldau
990:, and
918:Seinai
823:gminas
804:Taryba
792:Polish
697:uyezds
691:. The
604:, and
538:1989–
536:Poland
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446:
287:, and
265:Poland
232:Polish
158:Poland
155:
2095:(PDF)
1729:(PDF)
1690:Sejny
1390:(PDF)
1318:Puńsk
1208:Notes
1145:Kojle
1110:Lipsk
1105:Sejny
966:Lipsk
910:Sejny
765:Kreis
723:Sejny
598:Poles
289:Sejny
271:with
267:near
201:UTC+2
180:UTC+1
124:Sejny
2131:ISSN
2056:ISBN
1991:2020
1957:2020
1898:ISBN
1873:ISBN
1844:ISBN
1768:ISBN
1745:ISSN
1670:: 3.
1649:2020
1609:ISBN
1579:ISSN
1550:ISBN
1513:ISBN
1456:ISBN
1425:ISBN
1398:ISSN
1366:ISBN
1255:1569
1043:2011
1006:and
986:and
702:The
548:The
439:and
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2121:hdl
2113:doi
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279:of
194:DST
184:CET
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2103:.
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1867:.
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