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SwePol lasted 6 days in
September. Additionally, SwePol had 3 other planned maintenance outages and 1 other outage during 2020. SwePol had 3 minor disturbance outages and 1 more severe disturbance outage in 2020. The severe disturbance outage was caused by a fire in the AC filter on the Polish side in January, and it took 19 days to bring the HVDC link back online after it.
485:
which is slightly less than in 2018 but still higher than the average utilisation since 2012. The available capacity was lower than normally due to an unplanned maintenance outage and a disturbance outage. The unplanned maintenance outage was caused by an oil leakage and the disturbance outage was caused by a valve cooling system failure lasting 29 days.
488:
In 2020, SwePol had an available technical capacity of 87%. The technical capacity not used was 13%. Totally, 3.8 TWh (72% of the technical capacity) was transmitted south from Sweden to Poland and >0.1 TWh (0.2% of the technical capacity) was transmitted north to Sweden. The annual maintenance of
484:
In 2019, SwePol had an available technical capacity of 86%. The technical capacity not used was 24%. Totally, 3.1 TWh (59% of the technical capacity) was exported from Sweden to Poland and 0.2 TWh (4% of the technical capacity) was imported to Sweden. SwePol transmitted 62% of its technical capacity,
407:
of 225 mH and a weight of 27.5 tonnes (61,000 lb), with filters for the 11th, 13th, 24th, and 36th harmonics. Each filter consists of a coil and a capacitor switched in row. The filters for the 11th and 13th harmonics are adjustable. The filters deliver a reactive power of 95 Mvar.
351:
The cable has a cross section of 2,100 square millimetres (3.3 sq in). It runs for 2.22 kilometres (1.38 mi) as an underground cable from the Stärno HVDC Station to the shore of the Baltic Sea. The 239.28 kilometres (148.68 mi) long submarine cable comes ashore in Poland near
434:
Since coming online, 11 instances of cable damage have occurred: one on the high voltage line and 10 on the return cable. Causes have included ship anchors, fishing nets, fire, and grid power disturbances. On 14 February 2005, the smoothing reactor at the HVDC station at
Bruskowo Wielkie was
492:
In 2021, SwePol had an available technical capacity of 91 %. The technical capacity not used was 22 %. Totally, 3.4 TWh (65 % of the technical capacity) was transmitted south (SE4→PL) and 0.2 TWh (4 % of the technical capacity) was transmitted north (PL→SE4). The annual
493:
maintenance of SwePol lasted 6 days in
September. Additionally, SwePol had 10 other planned maintenance outages during 2021. There were 5 minor disturbance outages, of which one lasted more than 8 hours. SwePol was offline due to disturbance outages for 49 hours in total in 2021.
408:
Additional 95 Mvar reactive power is delivered by a capacitor bank. Each station's static inverter, which is switched as a 12-pulse thyristor bridge, consists of 792 thyristors arranged in three 16-metre (52 ft) high towers installed in a valve hall.
1076:
476:
In 2017, SwePol had an available technical capacity of 94.2%. The technical capacity not used was 31.9%. Totally, 3.1 TWh (59.4% of the technical capacity) was exported from Sweden to Poland and 0.2 TWh (2.9% of the technical capacity) was imported to Sweden.
472:
In 2016, SwePol had an available technical capacity of 87%. The technical capacity not used was 25%. Totally, 2.8 TWh (52.4% of the technical capacity) was exported from Sweden to Poland and 0.2 TWh (3.3% of the technical capacity) was imported to Sweden.
480:
In 2018, SwePol had an available technical capacity of 96%. The technical capacity not used was 30%. Totally, 3.1 TWh (59% of the technical capacity) was exported from Sweden to Poland and 0.4 TWh (7% of the technical capacity) was imported to Sweden.
399:
consisting of 2 cables with 630 square millimetres (0.98 sq in) sections for the submarine portion of the line, and a single cable with 1,100 square millimetres (1.7 sq in) sections for the land portions.
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From
January to October 2020 Poland exported 1,225.9 GWh of electricity and imported 12,573.1 GWh compared to 872.8 GWh and 9,326.7 GWh in the same period 2019. The largest import was from
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It was initially owned and maintained by SwePol Link AB, a company jointly owned by the state-owned
Swedish power company
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and runs underground for the remaining 12.55 kilometres (7.80 mi) to
Bruskowo Wielkie HVDC Static Inverter Plant.
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in
September 2022 and sabotage was suspected, many people feared that the SwePol link had also been damaged. Tests by
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2,561.5 GW. Poland's power market will face a supply squeeze from 2025, when a tightening of EU rules on plants’ CO
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emissions will force nearly 5 GW of thermal capacity out of the system, the nation's TSO has warned.
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Swepol Link is also the name of a local soccer team in the town of
Bruskowo Wielkie.
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Electrical interconnectors to and from the
Synchronous Grid of Continental Europe
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881:"Nordic and Baltic HVDC utilisation and unavailability statistics 2021"
864:"Nordic and Baltic HVDC utilisation and unavailability statistics 2020"
847:"Nordic and Baltic HVDC utilisation and unavailability statistics 2019"
830:"Nordic and Baltic HVDC utilisation and unavailability statistics 2018"
813:"Nordic and Baltic HVDC utilisation and unavailability statistics 2017"
796:"Nordic and Baltic HVDC utilisation and unavailability statistics 2016"
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423:(33%), but the company was liquidated and the cable was acquired by
712:"SwePol Link sets new environmental standard for HVDC transmission"
340:. The link was inaugurated in 2000 and can transmit up to 600
729:"Import prądu do Polski przekroczył już wartość za cały 2019 rok"
438:
Initially SwePol was used to export electricity to Poland only.
924:
456:
When the Nord Stream gas pipeline, also in the Baltic Sea,
772:
Johan
Zachrisson Winberg, Johan Wikén (4 October 2022).
545:
SwePol - Bruskowo Wielkie (Slupsk) Static Inverter Plant
90:
SwePol - Bruskowo Wielkie (Slupsk) Static Inverter Plant
1072:
Electrical interconnectors to and from the Nordic grid
16:
High-voltage submarine cable between Sweden and Poland
751:"Poland faces power supply squeeze after 2025 – TSO"
395:Unlike other monopolar HVDC schemes, Swepol uses a
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674:List of high-voltage transmission links in Sweden
774:"Polenkabeln oskadd efter Nord Stream-läckorna"
419:(16%), and Polish transmission system operator
8:
306:is a 254.05-kilometre (157.86 mi)-long
693:, subsea cable between Lithuania and Poland
500:
435:destroyed by fire. Repairs took 20 hours.
975:Learn how and when to remove this message
938:This article includes a list of general
900:(in Polish). 13 May 2011. Archived from
445:3,222.2 GWh, Sweden 3,195.9 GWh and the
1097:Electric power infrastructure in Sweden
1092:Electric power infrastructure in Poland
1082:Energy infrastructure completed in 2000
703:
512:Bruskowo Wielkie Static Inverter Plant
403:Both stations use air-core inductance
20:
591:SwePol - Stärnö Static Inverter Plant
130:SwePol - Stärnö Static Inverter Plant
7:
1052:A cable marker on Google Street View
687:, cable between Lithuania and Poland
681:, cable between Estonia and Finland
944:it lacks sufficient corresponding
431:for the Polish part of the cable.
311:high-voltage direct current (HVDC)
14:
1102:Connections across the Baltic Sea
929:
648:
634:
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210:Manufacturer of conductor/cable
291:
154:Stärnö Static Inverter Plant,
1:
1122:2000 establishments in Sweden
1117:2000 establishments in Poland
731:(in Polish). 18 October 2014
669:Electricity sector in Sweden
558:Stärnö Static Inverter Plant
1020:GPX (secondary coordinates)
220:Manufacturer of substations
1138:
1015:GPX (primary coordinates)
990:Map all coordinates using
776:(in Swedish). SVT Nyheter
262:254 km (158 mi)
28:
998:Download coordinates as:
205:Construction information
1112:Poland–Sweden relations
1107:HVDC transmission lines
959:more precise citations.
580:56.152972°N 14.841500°E
534:54.502111°N 16.891222°E
278:400 kV (both ends)
178:Static Inverter Plant,
119:56.152972°N 14.841500°E
79:54.502111°N 16.891222°E
1087:Submarine power cables
1042:The ABB Group: SwePol
1010:GPX (all coordinates)
372:54.57361°N 16.78250°E
238:Technical information
186:Ownership information
585:56.152972; 14.841500
539:54.502111; 16.891222
427:for the Swedish and
405:smoothing rectifiers
383:SwePol enters Poland
124:56.152972; 14.841500
84:54.502111; 16.891222
575: /
529: /
367: /
114: /
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1057:Skyscraperpage.com
753:. 10 December 2014
377:54.57361; 16.78250
30:Location of SwePol
1047:Site on GeoPortal
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143:General direction
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176:Bruskowo Wielkie
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1037:PSE-SwePol Link
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251:Type of current
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1032:SwePol Link AB
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921:External links
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904:on 5 June 2011
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965:January 2010
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906:. Retrieved
902:the original
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778:. Retrieved
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733:. Retrieved
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691:Harmony Link
609:
570:14°50′29.4″E
567:56°09′10.7″N
524:16°53′28.4″E
507:Coordinates
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429:PSE-Operator
421:PSE-Operator
410:
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316:between the
303:
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267:Power rating
259:Total length
246:subsea cable
230:Commissioned
199:PSE-Operator
109:14°50′29.4″E
106:56°09′10.7″N
69:16°53′28.4″E
18:
957:introducing
757:24 November
735:24 November
685:LitPol Link
583: /
537: /
521:54°30′7.6″N
375: /
344:power at a
286:450 kV
270:600 MW
146:north–south
122: /
82: /
66:54°30′7.6″N
56:Coordinates
1066:Categories
940:references
698:References
589: (
543: (
417:Vattenfall
381: (
362:16°46′57″E
359:54°34′25″N
283:DC voltage
275:AC voltage
166:Baltic Sea
128: (
88: (
908:1 October
780:4 October
352:Ustka at
322:Karlshamn
308:monopolar
614:See also
294:of poles
36:Location
953:improve
679:Estlink
443:Germany
415:(51%),
346:voltage
332:, near
41:Country
942:, but
338:Poland
334:Słupsk
328:, and
326:Sweden
318:Stärnö
304:SwePol
180:Poland
156:Sweden
49:Poland
45:Sweden
24:SwePol
884:(PDF)
867:(PDF)
850:(PDF)
833:(PDF)
816:(PDF)
799:(PDF)
715:(PDF)
497:Sites
191:Owner
910:2022
782:2022
759:2020
737:2020
504:Site
254:HVDC
243:Type
233:2000
151:From
1005:KML
292:No.
224:ABB
214:ABB
1068::
342:MW
336:,
324:,
197:,
172:To
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297:1
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