263:
1201:
341:
1119:
316:
1112:
89:
The naming of ligases is inconsistent and so these enzymes are commonly known by several different names. Generally, the common names of ligases include the word "ligase", such as in
1105:
71:
can join two complementary fragments of nucleic acid by forming phosphodiester bonds, and repair single stranded breaks that arise in double stranded DNA during replication.
1018:
701:
766:
958:
906:
872:
67:
of a small pendant chemical group on one of the molecules, typically resulting in the formation of new C-O, C-S, or C-N bonds. For example,
1011:
694:
410:
379:
973:
383:
105:
new molecules. There are also some ligases that use the name "carboxylase" to indicate that the enzyme specifically catalyzes a
978:
1070:
1004:
968:
862:
985:
811:
566:
687:
1191:
156:
56:
204:
831:
806:
791:
751:
1097:
953:
948:
921:
867:
826:
786:
776:
771:
756:
551:
1164:
1145:
1065:
1034:
943:
882:
853:
736:
727:
667:
654:
641:
628:
615:
602:
589:
836:
761:
746:
561:
101:
fragments. However, many common names use the term "synthetase" or "synthase" instead, because they are used to
1136:
1031:
718:
515:
458:
133:
816:
796:
781:
741:
463:
841:
821:
801:
1060:
933:
281:
166:
963:
484:
403:
556:
1055:
891:
200:
1173:
1086:
520:
369:
208:
74:
In general, a ligase catalyzes the following dehydration reaction, thus joining molecules A and B:
453:
228:
679:
1221:
1178:
896:
499:
494:
468:
396:
296:
268:
212:
175:
996:
546:
530:
443:
184:
171:
162:
152:
146:
140:
120:. Commonly, the two terms are used interchangeably and are both used to describe ligases.
1205:
938:
584:
525:
238:
1215:
1047:
489:
448:
106:
60:
438:
102:
40:
136:
classification of enzymes. Ligases can be further classified into six subclasses:
662:
597:
433:
1200:
112:
To note: biochemical nomenclature has sometimes distinguished synthetases from
1154:
276:
258:
179:
94:
90:
68:
64:
31:
636:
610:
188:
365:
247:
233:
17:
291:
286:
113:
52:
117:
1128:
1043:
901:
710:
419:
48:
30:
This article is about general ligases. For DNA specific ligases, see
911:
623:
926:
916:
1101:
1000:
683:
392:
155:
includes ligases used to form carbon-nitrogen bonds (including
187:
includes ligases used to form nitrogen-metal bonds, as in the
98:
165:
includes ligases used to form carbon-carbon bonds, such as
388:
27:
Class of enzymes that can form bonds between molecules
1189:
1163:
1144:
1079:
1042:
881:
852:
726:
575:
539:
508:
477:
426:
366:Superfamilies of single-pass transmembrane ligases
251:(denoting an enzyme), yielding "binding enzyme".
149:includes ligases used to form carbon-sulfur bonds
143:includes ligases used to form carbon-oxygen bonds
93:, an enzyme commonly used in molecular biology
1113:
1012:
695:
404:
8:
342:"Synthetases - Ligases - Enzymes - Products"
1120:
1106:
1098:
1019:
1005:
997:
702:
688:
680:
411:
397:
389:
1196:
308:
1131:: Phosphoric ester and nitrogen-metal
767:D-alanineâpoly(phosphoribitol) ligase
7:
382:from the Department of Chemistry at
245:, "to bind" or "to tie together") +
59:) of two molecules by forming a new
116:and sometimes treated the words as
907:Von HippelâLindau tumor suppressor
25:
1199:
873:Long-chain-fatty-acidâCoA ligase
384:Queen Mary, University of London
261:
1071:Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase
969:Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase
863:Succinyl coenzyme A synthetase
174:includes ligases used to form
1:
207:or anchored through a single
205:peripheral membrane proteins
199:Some ligases associate with
157:argininosuccinate synthetase
219:Etymology and pronunciation
195:Membrane-associated ligases
1238:
954:Holocarboxylase synthetase
949:Argininosuccinate synthase
922:Anaphase-promoting complex
128:Ligases are classified as
29:
1066:Propionyl-CoA carboxylase
1030:: carbon-carbon ligases (
986:Glutamateâcysteine ligase
944:Adenylosuccinate synthase
737:Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
567:MichaelisâMenten kinetics
459:Diffusion-limited enzyme
63:. This is typically via
1061:Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
934:Glutathione synthetase
282:Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
211:, for example certain
167:acetyl-CoA carboxylase
964:Asparagine synthetase
868:AcetylâCoA synthetase
552:EadieâHofstee diagram
485:Allosteric regulation
1056:Pyruvate carboxylase
892:Glutamine synthetase
562:LineweaverâBurk plot
201:biological membranes
77:A-OH + B-H â AâB + H
1174:Magnesium chelatase
1087:Polyketide synthase
370:Membranome database
346:www.axonmedchem.com
209:transmembrane helix
1148:: Phosphoric Ester
521:Enzyme superfamily
454:Enzyme promiscuity
215:related proteins.
1187:
1186:
1095:
1094:
994:
993:
885:: Carbon-Nitrogen
677:
676:
380:EC 6 Introduction
97:to join together
16:(Redirected from
1229:
1204:
1203:
1195:
1179:Cobalt chelatase
1167:: Nitrogen-Metal
1122:
1115:
1108:
1099:
1021:
1014:
1007:
998:
897:Ubiquitin ligase
704:
697:
690:
681:
557:HanesâWoolf plot
500:Enzyme activator
495:Enzyme inhibitor
469:Enzyme catalysis
413:
406:
399:
390:
372:
363:
357:
356:
354:
352:
338:
332:
331:
329:
327:
313:
297:Ubiquitin ligase
271:
269:Chemistry portal
266:
265:
264:
213:ubiquitin ligase
176:phosphoric ester
21:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1230:
1228:
1227:
1226:
1212:
1211:
1210:
1198:
1190:
1188:
1183:
1159:
1140:
1126:
1096:
1091:
1075:
1038:
1025:
995:
990:
877:
856:: Carbon-Sulfur
848:
730:: Carbon-Oxygen
722:
713:: CO CS and CN
708:
678:
673:
585:Oxidoreductases
571:
547:Enzyme kinetics
535:
531:List of enzymes
504:
473:
444:Catalytic triad
422:
417:
376:
375:
364:
360:
350:
348:
340:
339:
335:
325:
323:
317:"IntEnz - EC 6"
315:
314:
310:
305:
267:
262:
260:
257:
229:combining forms
221:
197:
178:bonds, such as
126:
87:
80:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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1225:
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1213:
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1208:
1185:
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1157:
1151:
1149:
1142:
1141:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1117:
1110:
1102:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1089:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1073:
1068:
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1058:
1052:
1050:
1040:
1039:
1026:
1024:
1023:
1016:
1009:
1001:
992:
991:
989:
988:
983:
982:
981:
976:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
939:CTP synthetase
936:
931:
930:
929:
924:
919:
914:
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904:
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879:
878:
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870:
865:
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850:
849:
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844:
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819:
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804:
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774:
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731:
724:
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632:
619:
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593:
579:
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564:
559:
554:
549:
543:
541:
537:
536:
534:
533:
528:
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518:
512:
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509:Classification
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333:
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256:
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220:
217:
196:
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182:
169:
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144:
125:
124:Classification
122:
86:
83:
78:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1234:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1207:
1202:
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1193:
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1177:
1175:
1172:
1171:
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1162:
1156:
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1147:
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1134:
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1123:
1118:
1116:
1111:
1109:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1048:carboxylation
1045:
1041:
1036:
1033:
1029:
1022:
1017:
1015:
1010:
1008:
1003:
1002:
999:
987:
984:
980:
977:
975:
972:
971:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
899:
898:
895:
893:
890:
889:
887:
884:
880:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
860:
858:
855:
851:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
812:Phenylalanine
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
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750:
748:
745:
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739:
738:
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734:
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586:
581:
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565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
544:
542:
538:
532:
529:
527:
526:Enzyme family
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
513:
511:
507:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
490:Cooperativity
488:
486:
483:
482:
480:
476:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
450:
449:Oxyanion hole
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
431:
429:
425:
421:
414:
409:
407:
402:
400:
395:
394:
391:
385:
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367:
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359:
347:
343:
337:
334:
322:
321:www.ebi.ac.uk
318:
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309:
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210:
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194:
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177:
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168:
164:
161:
158:
154:
151:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
137:
135:
131:
123:
121:
119:
115:
110:
108:
107:carboxylation
104:
100:
96:
92:
84:
82:
75:
72:
70:
66:
62:
61:chemical bond
58:
55:the joining (
54:
50:
46:
42:
37:
33:
19:
1132:
1027:
959:GMP synthase
714:
663:Translocases
660:
649:
647:
634:
621:
608:
598:Transferases
595:
582:
439:Binding site
361:
349:. Retrieved
345:
336:
324:. Retrieved
320:
311:
246:
242:
232:
224:
222:
198:
129:
127:
111:
95:laboratories
88:
85:Nomenclature
76:
73:
44:
41:biochemistry
38:
36:
434:Active site
1155:DNA ligase
1046:dependent
832:Tryptophan
807:Methionine
792:Isoleucine
752:Asparagine
637:Isomerases
611:Hydrolases
478:Regulation
303:References
277:DNA ligase
237:(from the
189:chelatases
180:DNA ligase
109:reaction.
103:synthesize
91:DNA ligase
69:DNA ligase
65:hydrolysis
32:DNA ligase
18:Synthetase
827:Threonine
787:Histidine
777:Glutamine
772:Glutamate
757:Aspartate
516:EC number
223:The word
134:EC number
114:synthases
51:that can
1216:Category
1139:6.5-6.6)
837:Tyrosine
762:Cysteine
747:Arginine
721:6.1-6.3)
540:Kinetics
464:Cofactor
427:Activity
292:Protease
287:Nuclease
255:See also
118:synonyms
57:ligation
53:catalyze
1222:Ligases
1206:Biology
1133:ligases
1129:Enzymes
1028:Ligases
817:Proline
797:Leucine
782:Glycine
742:Alanine
715:ligases
711:Enzymes
650:Ligases
420:Enzymes
132:in the
1192:Portal
1044:Biotin
902:Cullin
842:Valine
822:Serine
802:Lysine
624:Lyases
351:May 2,
326:May 2,
243:ligÄre
225:ligase
185:EC 6.6
172:EC 6.5
163:EC 6.4
153:EC 6.3
147:EC 6.2
141:EC 6.1
49:enzyme
47:is an
45:ligase
1080:Other
912:UBE3A
576:Types
241:verb
239:Latin
227:uses
927:UBR1
917:Mdm2
668:list
661:EC7
655:list
648:EC6
642:list
635:EC5
629:list
622:EC4
616:list
609:EC3
603:list
596:EC2
590:list
583:EC1
353:2023
328:2023
248:-ase
234:lig-
130:EC 6
43:, a
1165:6.6
1146:6.5
1035:6.4
883:6.3
854:6.2
728:6.1
368:in
231:of
203:as
99:DNA
39:In
1218::
1137:EC
1032:EC
979:II
719:EC
344:.
319:.
81:O
1194::
1135:(
1121:e
1114:t
1107:v
1037:)
1020:e
1013:t
1006:v
974:I
717:(
703:e
696:t
689:v
670:)
666:(
657:)
653:(
644:)
640:(
631:)
627:(
618:)
614:(
605:)
601:(
592:)
588:(
412:e
405:t
398:v
355:.
330:.
159:)
79:2
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.