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of low entropy, on the basis of the
General Systems Theory by Karl Ludwig von Bertalanffy (1968). Some of the next rationales applied those theories also on artificial systems: complexity models of living systems address also productive models with their organizations and management, where the relationships between parts are more important than the parts themselves.
78:
The theories about complexity help the management of an entire system, and the suggested design approaches help the planning of different divergent elements. The complexity theories evolved on the basis that living systems continually draw upon external sources of energy and maintain a stable state
110:
In 1994, Gunter Pauli and Heitor
Gurgulino de Souza founded the research institute Zero Emission Research and Initiatives (ZERI), starting from the idea that progress should embed respect for the environment and natural techniques that will allow production processes to be part of the ecosystem.
49:
Systemic design is closely related to sustainability as it aims to create solutions that are not only designed to have a good environmental impact, but are also socially and economically beneficial. In fact, from a systemic design approach, the system to be designed, its context with its
114:
Strong interdisciplinary and transdisciplinarity approaches are critical during the design phase (Fuller, 1981) with the increasing involvement of different disciplines, including urban planning, public policy, business management and environmental sciences (Chertow et al., 2004). As an
1990:
Barbero, S. (2016). Opportunities and challenges in teaching
Systemic Design. The evolution of the Open Systems master courses at Politecnico di Torino. Proceedings of the 6th International Forum of Design as a Process, Universitat PolitĂšcnica de ValĂšncia, Valencia, pp.
115:
interdiscipline, systemic design joins systems thinking and design methodology to support humanity centred and systems oriented design academe and practice (Bistagnino, 2011; Sevaldson, 2011; Nelson and
Stolterman, 2012; Jones, 2014; Toso at al., 2012).
1314:
Barbero, S. (2017). Systemic Design as
Effective Methodology for the Transition to Circular Economy. In Barbero Silvia (Ed.), âSystemic Design Method Guide for Policymaking: a Circular Europe on the way â. Umberto , Torino, Italy. pp. 83-90.
123:
Numerous design projects demonstrate systemic design in their approach, including diverse topics involving food networks, industrial processes and water purification, revitalization of internal areas through art and tourism,
318:
Since 2012, host organisations have held an annual symposium dedicated to systemic design, Relating
Systems Thinking and Design (RSD). Proceedings are available via the searchable repository on RSDsymposium.org.
1105:
Chertow, M. R., Ashton, W. and
Kuppali, R. (2004) The Industrial Symbiosis Research Symposium at Yale: Advancing the Study of Industry and Environment, Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, New
50:
relationships and its environment receive synchronous attention. Systemic design's discourse has been developed through
Relating Systems Thinking and Designâa series of symposia held annually since 2012.
1212:
Toso D., Barbero S., Tamborrini P. (2012) Systemic Design: Beyond
Ecodesign. Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Sustainable Development Research Conference, University of Hull, UK
1185:
Sevaldson, B. (2011). Gigamapping: Visualization for complexity and systems thinking in design. Proceedings of the Nordic Design
Research Conference. Aalto University, Helsinki.
2118:
1291:
2063:
1203:
Jones, P.H. (2014) âSystemic Design Principles for Complex Social Systemsâ, in Metcalf, G.S. (Eds.), Social Systems and Design, Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp.91-128.
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131:
Since 2014 several scholarly journals have acknowledged systemic design with special publications, and in 2022, the Systemic Design Association launched â
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is a part of the UK Civil Service with a "mission is to radically improve policy making through design, innovation and people-centred approaches".
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offers a way to creatively and strategically reconfigure a design concept in a situation with systemic integration (Buchanan, 1992).
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allows for new management models that address economical, social and environmental benefits (Pisek and Wilson, 2001.) In that field,
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Nelson, H.G. and Stolterman, E. (2012). The design way: Intentional change in an unpredictable world, 2nd ed., MIT Press, Cambridge.
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1576:"Special Issue: Relating Systems Thinking and Design. Systemic Design and Co-creation Processes for Territorial Enhancement"
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Bistagnino, L. (2011) Systemic Design: Designing the productive and environmental sustainability, 2nd ed., Slow Food, Bra.
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Special Issue: Relating Systems Thinking and Design. Systemic Design and Co-creation Processes for Territorial Enhancement
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1260:. Alicante, Spain: TitulaciĂłn de Arquitectura Escuela PolitĂ©cnca Superior Alicante University. pp. 190â196.
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Designing for territorial revitalization. A diffused art exhibition to foster northwest Italian inner areas
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SHE JI Journal of Design, Economics, and InnovationSHE JI Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation
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135:.â The proceedings repository, Relating Systems Thinking and Design, exceeded 1000 articles in 2023.
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2115:"Maßtrise en aménagement, option Design et complexité - Université de Montréal - Guide d'admission"
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Peruccio, Pier Paolo; Menzardi, Paola; Vrenna, Maurizio (2019). SĂĄnchez Merina, Javier (ed.).
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Nelson, Harold (20 December 2022). "Systemic Design as Born from the Berkeley Bubble Matrix".
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2010:
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42:(UK) began advocating for a systemic design approach and embedded it in a revision of their
23:
2002:
1943:
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Buchanan, R. (1992) Wicked Problems in Design Thinking, Design Issues, Vol.8 No.2, pp.5-21.
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920:"Complexity science: Complexity, leadership, and management in healthcare organisations"
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Systems oriented design is an example of a systemic design approach being used at the
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Designing Complexity : The Methodology and Practice of Systems Oriented Design
72:
608:, the Master's degree in Applied Science in Design, Design and Complexity (DESCO).
601:(NID) India. Systems Thinking and Design is part of the academic programme at NID.
798:
595:
The Strategic Foresight and innovation master program at OCAD University Toronto.
26:
and design practices. It is a pluralistic field, with several dialects including
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a searchable repository of articles from the proceedings of the annual symposia.
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3130:
2909:
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2303:
1754:
977:
Competitive Advantage of Nations: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance
667:
Bistagnino, Luigi; Peruccio, Pier Paolo (2014). Michalos, Alexander C. (ed.).
943:
935:
800:
Designing Complexity: The methodology and practice of systems oriented design
653:
4004:
3990:
3801:
3525:
3510:
3468:
3080:
2640:
2480:
1780:
961:
3135:
2182:
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368:
1835:
95:(Porter, 1990) evolved in more environmentally sensitive theories, like
3756:
3684:
2294:
1323:
2003:"Transdisciplinary knowledge: A systemic approach to design education"
3515:
2166:
1119:
Design for a Better World: Meaningful, Sustainable, Humanity Centered
1225:
Circular Economy for Food Matter, energy and knowledge, in a circle
871:
2227:
503:
Academic research groups with a focus on systemic design include:
63:
Systems thinking in design has a long history with origins in the
1000:
Gallopoulos, Nicholas E.; Frosch, Robert A. (September 1, 1989).
237:
Michael Ulrich Hensel, Defne SunguroÄlu Hensel, Birger Sevaldson
3267:
2001:
Peruccio, Pier Paolo; Menzardi, Paola; Vrenna, Maurizio (2019).
1096:
Fuller R.B. (1981), Critical Path, St. Martinâs Press, New York.
437:
128:, exhibition and fairs, social inclusion, and marginalization.
3720:
3423:
2868:
2195:
2139:
1906:
1810:
1699:
895:
General System Theory: Foundations, Development, Applications
220:
The Systemic Turn: Leverage for World Changing Vol 3, Issue 3
840:
671:. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer. pp. 1582â1585.
1811:"Communications, Culture & Technology, Master of Arts"
2135:
2007:
Proceedings of DRS Learn X Design 2019: Insider Knowledge
628:"An Interdiscipline Emerges: Pathways to Systemic Design"
67:
movement during the 1960s and 1970s, such as the idea of
632:
She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation
1067:
781:"System-shifting design: An emerging practice explored"
164:
Relating Systems Thinking and Design I (Practice Issue)
178:
Relating Systems Thinking and Design II (Theory Issue)
1961:
1516:"SHE JI Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation"
1456:"SHE JI Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation"
1281:
Peruccio, Pier Paolo; Vrenna, Maurizio. "Chapter 2".
779:
Drew, Cat; Robinson, Cassie; Winhall, Jennie (2021).
16:
Interdisciplinary design field concerned with systems
2060:"Strategic Foresight and Innovation (MDes) - OCAD U"
3657:
3616:
3559:
3449:
2701:
2620:
2536:
2444:
2326:
2206:
217:
SHE JI Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation
290:Special Issue: Service Design and Systems Thinking
2085:"Teaching Systemic Design « Systemic Design"
803:(hbk ed.). Common Ground Research Networks.
557:Systemic Design and Sustainability Research Group
578:Academic programmes in systemic design include:
1025:"INDUSTRIAL SYMBIOSIS: Literature and Taxonomy"
626:Sevaldson, Birger; Jones, Peter (1 June 2019).
507:Communication, Culture & Technology lab at
265:Marie Davidova, Ben Sweeting, Birger Sevaldson
692:van der Bijl-Brouwer, Mieke (18 August 2023).
492:Seminar: Relating Systems Thinking and Design
453:Developing a Systemic Design Research Network
2151:
918:Plsek, P. E; Wilson, T. (29 September 2001).
8:
1962:"The Oslo School of Architecture and Design"
1030:Annual Review of Energy and the Environment
248:Pathways to Systemic Design, Vol 5, Issue 2
195:Jodi Forlizzi, Birger Sevaldson, Alex Ryan
3717:
3446:
3420:
2865:
2203:
2192:
2158:
2144:
2136:
1396:"Relating Systems Thinking and Design III"
569:the international membership organisation.
321:
314:Relating Systems Thinking and Design (RSD)
137:
2014:
1426:"Relating Systems Thinking and Design IV"
1366:"Relating Systems Thinking and Design II"
1042:
951:
745:
735:
643:
3675:Good Design Award (Museum of Modern Art)
1546:"Relating Systems Thinking and Design V"
1486:"Relating Systems Thinking and Design V"
1336:"Relating Systems Thinking and Design I"
786:. Design Council & The Point People.
511:, Washington DC, hosts of RSD12 in 2023.
192:Relating Systems Thinking and Design III
1723:
1721:
1290:. Bacau, Romania: University of Bacau.
618:
592:: Master of Science in Systemic Design.
527:, Brighton, UK, hosts of RSD11 in 2022.
262:Relating Systems Thinking and Design VI
206:Relating Systems Thinking and Design IV
133:ContextsâThe Journal of Systemic Design
1681:
1670:
1634:
1623:
841:"RSD | Systemic Design Symposium"
584:Oslo School of Architecture and Design
488:Oslo School of Architecture and Design
475:Oslo School of Architecture and Design
462:Oslo School of Architecture and Design
442:Systemic Design for Social Complexity
421:Oslo School of Architecture and Design
234:Relating Systems Thinking and Design V
22:is an interdiscipline that integrates
3680:Good Design Award (Chicago Athenaeum)
1222:Fassio, Franco; Tecco, Nadia (2018).
466:Relating Systems Thinking and Design
87:Treating productive organizations as
7:
1926:"Systemic Design and Sustainability"
1885:Relating Systems Thinking and Design
1785:Relating Systems Thinking and Design
1759:Relating Systems Thinking and Design
1733:Relating Systems Thinking and Design
1704:Relating Systems Thinking and Design
1606:"The Systems Turn in Service Design"
1324:https://hdl.handle.net/11583/2685132
860:ContextsâThe Systemic Design Journal
845:Relating Systems Thinking and Design
768:. Birger Sevaldson. 30 October 2022.
694:"Systems thinking + design = ?"
531:Relating Systems Thinking and Design
521:Radical Methodologies Research Group
1149:. Common Ground Research Networks.
718:Sevaldson, Birger (21 March 2017).
499:Research groups and innovation labs
3624:American Institute of Graphic Arts
2095:from the original on 19 April 2018
1972:from the original on 11 April 2018
1078:from the original on 25 April 2018
293:J. Tuomas Harviainen, Josina Vink
99:(Frosh and Gallopoulos, 1989) and
14:
3634:Design and Industries Association
1580:Strategic Design Research Journal
273:Strategic Design Research Journal
2016:10.21606/learnxdesign.2019.13064
893:Bertalanffy, Ludwig von (1968).
450:Systemic Design Research Network
307:Kidjie Saguin, Benjamin Cashore
2121:from the original on 2021-01-20
2066:from the original on 2017-05-01
2041:from the original on 2021-09-30
1924:storbyuniversitetet, OsloMet-.
1879:May, Cheryl (22 October 2023).
1297:from the original on 2021-10-09
1284:Circular economy in rural areas
1044:10.1146/annurev.energy.25.1.313
762:"About Systems Oriented Design"
537:Strategic Innovation Lab (sLab)
386:Systemic Design for Well-Being
167:Birger Sevaldson, Alex J. Ryan
3629:Chartered Society of Designers
1002:"Strategies for Manufacturing"
809:10.18848/978-1-86335-262-8/CGP
720:"Redesigning Systems Thinking"
251:Birger Sevaldson, Peter Jones
1:
3700:Prince Philip Designers Prize
2343:Architectural lighting design
1887:. Systemic Design Association
1706:. Systemic Design Association
1653:"Participatory Policy Design"
847:– via rsdsymposium.org.
479:The Systemic Design Movement
399:Complex Spaces of Innovation
279:Silvia Barbero, Amina Pereno
3506:Electronic design automation
3489:Virtual home design software
2461:Automotive suspension design
1881:"Systemic Design Repository"
599:National Institute of Design
561:Oslo Metropolitan University
382:National Institute of Design
360:Possibilities and Practices
2365:Environmental impact design
1948:Systemic Design Association
1023:Chertow, Marian R. (2000).
975:Porter, Michael E. (1990).
645:10.1016/j.sheji.2019.05.002
567:Systemic Design Association
30:. Influences have included
4063:
3644:International Forum Design
3014:Engineering design process
1143:Sevaldson, Birger (2022).
797:Sevaldson, Birger (2022).
737:10.7577/formakademisk.1755
301:Policy Design and Practice
3979:
3727:
3716:
3445:
3419:
2875:
2864:
2766:Integrated circuit design
2688:Stage/set lighting design
2577:Hardware interface design
2493:Hardware interface design
2202:
2191:
2173:
32:critical systems thinking
3601:Industrial design rights
3589:Fashion design copyright
3501:Design quality indicator
2950:Creative problem-solving
2741:Electrical system design
2597:Sonic interaction design
2508:Photographic lens design
2382:Healthy community design
936:10.1136/bmj.323.7315.746
89:complex adaptive systems
36:second-order cybernetics
3797:New product development
3762:Enterprise architecture
3690:IF Product Design Award
3649:Design Research Society
3201:Reliability engineering
1862:"Radical Methodologies"
766:Systems Oriented Design
547:SysâSystemic Design Lab
412:Challenging Complexity
395:IIT Institute of Design
347:Entangled in Emergence
28:systems-oriented design
3253:Top-down and bottom-up
2602:User experience design
2503:Packaging and labeling
2476:Electric guitar design
2414:Landscape architecture
1680:Cite journal requires
1633:Cite journal requires
979:. Simon and Schuster.
606:University of Montreal
525:University of Brighton
373:Playing with Tensions
356:University of Brighton
3782:Innovation management
3665:European Design Award
3431:Intellectual property
3248:Theory of constraints
3211:Responsibility-driven
3051:For manufacturability
2955:Creativity techniques
2793:Nuclear weapon design
2607:User interface design
2471:Corrugated box design
2392:Interior architecture
1907:"Systemic Design Lab"
1815:Georgetown University
1228:. Edizioni Ambiente.
590:Politecnico di Torino
551:Politecnico di Torino
509:Georgetown University
425:Flourishing Together
408:Politecnico di Torino
343:Georgetown University
139:Special Publications
3827:Unintelligent design
3807:Philosophy of design
3521:Design specification
3474:Comprehensive layout
3046:For behaviour change
3019:Probabilistic design
2781:Power network design
2318:Visual merchandising
2275:Instructional design
2253:Postage stamp design
1866:blogs.brighton.ac.uk
1116:Norman, Don (2023).
101:industrial symbiosis
3747:Creative industries
3670:German Design Award
3579:Design infringement
3464:Architectural model
2803:Organization design
2798:Nucleic acid design
2746:Experimental design
2299:Traffic sign design
2089:systemic-design.net
1911:Systemic Design Lab
1761:. RSD10. March 2021
1755:"RSD10 Proceedings"
1735:. RSD11. March 2023
1729:"RSD11 Proceedings"
1006:Scientific American
669:Design: An Overview
574:Academic programmes
324:
140:
3812:Process simulation
3787:Intelligent design
3111:Intelligence-based
3106:Integrated topside
3036:Framework-oriented
2721:Behavioural design
2592:Information design
2270:Information design
1836:"About Policy Lab"
1781:"RSD7 Proceedings"
543:, Toronto, Canada.
322:
138:
97:industrial ecology
4029:
4028:
3975:
3974:
3742:Conceptual design
3712:
3711:
3708:
3707:
3695:James Dyson Award
3551:Website wireframe
3541:Technical drawing
3415:
3414:
3263:Transgenerational
3004:Ecological design
2880:Activity-centered
2860:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2838:Spacecraft design
2632:Public art design
2570:Video game design
2548:Experience design
2518:Production design
2498:Motorcycle design
2456:Automotive design
2360:Ecological design
2238:Film title design
1321:978-88-422-2444-0
1267:978-84-1302-082-2
1156:978-0-949313-61-4
1122:. The MIT Press.
986:978-1-4516-5149-2
930:(7315): 746â749.
904:978-0-8076-0453-3
818:978-0-949313-61-4
678:978-94-007-0754-2
496:
495:
311:
310:
304:Volume 5, Issue 1
209:Birger Sevaldson
103:(Chertow, 2000).
4054:
4047:Systems thinking
4021:
4014:
4007:
4000:
3993:
3986:
3718:
3595:Geschmacksmuster
3569:Community design
3447:
3421:
3181:Process-centered
2977:Designâbidâbuild
2945:Cradle-to-cradle
2925:Concept-oriented
2866:
2843:Strategic design
2813:Processor design
2788:Mechanism design
2756:Geometric design
2716:Algorithm design
2656:Jewellery design
2587:Immersive design
2481:Furniture design
2426:Landscape design
2204:
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1768:
1766:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1725:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1700:"RSD Repository"
1696:
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1678:
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1064:
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1014:
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997:
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990:
972:
966:
965:
955:
915:
909:
908:
897:. G. Braziller.
890:
884:
883:
855:
849:
848:
837:
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739:
715:
709:
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689:
683:
682:
664:
658:
657:
647:
623:
553:, Torino, Italy.
325:
141:
126:circular economy
24:systems thinking
4062:
4061:
4057:
4056:
4055:
4053:
4052:
4051:
4032:
4031:
4030:
4025:
4019:
4012:
4005:
3998:
3991:
3984:
3971:
3772:Futures studies
3723:
3704:
3653:
3612:
3561:
3555:
3441:
3440:
3411:
3317:Value sensitive
3307:User innovation
3186:Public interest
3151:Object-oriented
2871:
2852:
2833:Software design
2823:Research design
2776:Physical design
2731:Database design
2705:
2703:
2697:
2673:Property design
2668:Game art design
2622:
2616:
2539:
2532:
2447:
2440:
2397:Interior design
2348:Building design
2329:
2322:
2209:
2198:
2187:
2169:
2164:
2134:
2133:
2124:
2122:
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2112:
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2083:
2082:
2078:
2069:
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2053:
2044:
2042:
2027:
2000:
1999:
1995:
1989:
1985:
1975:
1973:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1942:
1941:
1937:
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1918:
1905:
1904:
1900:
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1809:
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1792:
1791:. February 2018
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974:
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857:
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852:
839:
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834:
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791:
783:
778:
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773:
760:
759:
755:
717:
716:
712:
702:
700:
691:
690:
686:
679:
666:
665:
661:
625:
624:
620:
615:
576:
501:
434:OCAD University
316:
121:
119:2010 to present
105:Design thinking
85:
69:wicked problems
61:
56:
38:. In 2021, the
20:Systemic design
17:
12:
11:
5:
4060:
4058:
4050:
4049:
4044:
4034:
4033:
4027:
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4024:
4023:
4016:
4009:
4002:
3995:
3988:
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3972:
3970:
3969:
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3949:
3944:
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3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3873:
3872:
3867:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3840:
3839:
3837:Wicked problem
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3722:Related topics
3721:
3714:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3661:
3659:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3639:Design Council
3636:
3631:
3626:
3620:
3618:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3610:
3609:
3608:
3606:European Union
3598:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3565:
3563:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3553:
3548:
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3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3327:
3326:
3325:
3324:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3292:
3287:
3285:Usage-centered
3282:
3281:
3280:
3278:Design for All
3270:
3265:
3260:
3258:Transformation
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3239:
3238:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3206:Research-based
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3171:Platform-based
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3121:KISS principle
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3031:Fault-tolerant
3028:
3026:Error-tolerant
3023:
3022:
3021:
3011:
3009:Energy neutral
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2968:
2967:
2965:Design fiction
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
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2876:
2873:
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2869:
2862:
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2858:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2850:
2848:Systems design
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2818:Protein design
2815:
2810:
2808:Process design
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2771:Circuit design
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2712:
2710:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2695:
2693:Textile design
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2653:
2651:Costume design
2646:Fashion design
2643:
2634:
2628:
2626:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2573:
2572:
2567:
2557:
2556:
2555:
2544:
2542:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2528:Service design
2525:
2523:Sensory design
2520:
2515:
2513:Product design
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2452:
2450:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2433:
2431:Spatial design
2428:
2423:
2422:
2421:
2411:
2409:Keyline design
2406:
2405:
2404:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2375:Computer-aided
2367:
2362:
2357:
2356:
2355:
2345:
2340:
2334:
2332:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2301:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2243:Graphic design
2240:
2235:
2233:Exhibit design
2230:
2225:
2220:
2214:
2212:
2200:
2199:
2196:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2165:
2163:
2162:
2155:
2148:
2140:
2132:
2131:
2106:
2076:
2051:
2025:
1993:
1983:
1953:
1935:
1930:www.oslomet.no
1916:
1898:
1871:
1853:
1827:
1802:
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1746:
1717:
1691:
1682:|journal=
1644:
1635:|journal=
1597:
1567:
1537:
1507:
1477:
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1327:
1307:
1273:
1266:
1248:
1234:
1214:
1205:
1196:
1187:
1178:
1169:
1155:
1135:
1129:978-0262047951
1128:
1108:
1098:
1089:
1059:
1050:
1015:
1012:(189): 94â102.
992:
985:
967:
910:
903:
885:
872:10.58279/v1001
850:
832:
817:
789:
771:
753:
710:
684:
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151:
148:
145:
120:
117:
93:cluster theory
84:
81:
65:design methods
60:
57:
55:
52:
44:double diamond
40:Design Council
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4059:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4039:
4037:
4022:
4017:
4015:
4010:
4008:
4003:
4001:
3996:
3994:
3989:
3987:
3982:
3981:
3978:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3952:specification
3950:
3948:
3945:
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3940:
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3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
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3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3865:architectural
3863:
3862:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3842:
3841:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3832:Visualization
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3752:Cultural icon
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3729:
3726:
3719:
3715:
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3688:
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3683:
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3656:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3617:Organizations
3615:
3607:
3604:
3603:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3596:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3584:Design patent
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3574:Design around
3572:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3564:
3558:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
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3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
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3487:
3485:
3482:
3481:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3452:
3448:
3444:
3436:
3434:Organizations
3433:
3430:
3427:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
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3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3329:
3328:
3323:
3320:
3319:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3296:
3295:User-centered
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3243:Tableless web
3241:
3237:
3234:
3233:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3166:Participatory
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
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3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3056:For Six Sigma
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3017:
3016:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2999:Domain-driven
2997:
2995:
2992:
2988:
2987:architect-led
2985:
2984:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2930:Configuration
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2895:Brainstorming
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
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2436:Urban design
2387:Hotel design
2338:Architecture
2313:Video design
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2297: /
2265:Illustration
2258:Print design
2228:Brand design
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3860:competition
3817:Slow design
3767:Form factor
3737:Concept art
3546:HTML editor
3226:Sustainable
3061:For testing
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2761:Work design
2736:Drug design
2708:engineering
2582:Icon design
2560:Game design
2538:Interaction
2486:Sustainable
2419:Sustainable
2308:Type design
2285:Photography
2280:News design
2223:Book design
2218:Advertising
2197:Disciplines
1944:"SDA About"
1037:: 313â337.
147:Publication
4036:Categories
4020:Wiktionary
4013:Wikisource
3967:technology
3937:principles
3536:Storyboard
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3357:leadership
3322:Privacy by
3161:Parametric
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3076:Generative
3071:Functional
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2935:Contextual
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2870:Approaches
2612:Web design
2466:CMF design
2446:Industrial
2304:Typography
2125:2019-02-28
2070:2017-03-27
2045:2021-09-30
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1739:3 November
1710:3 November
1663:5 November
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1440:5 November
1410:5 November
1380:5 November
1350:5 November
1301:2021-10-09
1241:5 November
1162:5 November
703:4 November
613:References
515:Policy Lab
365:RSD10-2021
352:RSD11-2022
339:RSD12-2023
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3992:Wikibooks
3942:rationale
3907:knowledge
3882:education
3802:OODA loop
3526:Prototype
3511:Flowchart
3469:Blueprint
3337:computing
3273:Universal
3221:Safe-life
3126:Low-level
3116:Iterative
3096:Inclusive
3081:Geodesign
2972:Defensive
2920:Co-design
2890:Affective
2035:214038886
2009:: 17â23.
1659:(1). 2022
1612:(2). 2021
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1526:(2). 2018
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447:RSD4-2015
430:RSD5-2016
417:RSD6-2017
404:RSD7-2018
391:RSD8-2019
378:RSD9-2020
3999:Wikinews
3932:paradigm
3912:language
3892:engineer
3887:elements
3877:director
3562:property
3407:thinking
3397:strategy
3382:research
3342:controls
3300:Empathic
3231:Systemic
3191:Rational
3146:New Wave
2960:Critical
2183:Designer
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2099:18 April
2093:Archived
2064:Archived
2039:Archived
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1970:Archived
1292:Archived
1082:18 April
1076:Archived
962:11576986
369:TU Delft
153:Editors
3985:Commons
3957:studies
3902:history
3870:student
3855:classic
3843:Design
3757:.design
3685:Graphex
3387:science
3377:pattern
3372:methods
3347:culture
3330:Design
3141:Modular
2994:Diffuse
2915:Closure
2637:Ceramic
2295:Signage
2178:Outline
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3437:Awards
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242:2019
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