464:
52:
3104:
3116:
3099:
737:
871:. The Germans then quickly sank nine of the merchant vessels, though the two trawlers and three merchant ships managed to escape. None of the ships were able to send a wireless report, and despite having a squadron of sixteen light cruisers at sea to the south of the convoy, the British did not learn of the attack until 16:00, when it was too late. Kaiser
28:
807:, commanded by FK Westerkamp, were selected for the first such operation. Their high speed and large radius of action, coupled with their resemblance to British light cruisers, made them suited to the task. In preparation for the raid, their crews painted the ships dark gray to further camouflage them as British vessels.
1098:
later that day, and between 25 and 27 November, they were escorted to Scapa Flow. Upon arrival, all wireless equipment was removed from the ships and the breech blocks of their heavy guns were removed to prevent their use. Crews were reduced to minimum levels, with the excess men being carried home
750:
By late 1917, Britain had agreed to ship 250,000 t (246,000 long tons; 276,000 short tons) tons of coal per month to Norway, and a regular stream of convoys carrying shipments of coal was crossing the North Sea by late 1917. These were usually weakly escorted by only a couple of destroyers and
923:
canceled the plan, however, after it was determined that refueling at sea would be too difficult. Another problem was the tendency of the two ships to emit clouds of red sparks when steaming at speeds over 20 kn (37 km/h; 23 mph); this would hamper evading Allied ships at night.
959:. The success of the two ships in the action off Lerwick led the British to commit heavier escorts to the convoys to Norway by early 1918, and in April, Scheer attempted to intercept one of these convoys with the entire High Seas Fleet, including
577:
of 840 meters per second (2,800 ft/s). The guns had a maximum elevation of 30 degrees, which allowed them to engage targets out to 17,600 m (57,700 ft). They were supplied with 600 rounds of ammunition, for 150 shells per gun.
1119:
The salvage rights to the wreck passed through various hands between 1962 and 1981, during which time parts of the ship were removed by several different salvage companies. Ownership of the wreck was transferred back to the
648:
work commenced. While the ship was under construction, the
Germans attempted to conceal her resemblance to British cruisers by placing sheet metal over her bow to make it seem as though she had the standard German straight
775:. In addition to damaging British shipping, Scheer sought to divert escorts from the Atlantic theater, where his U-boats were concentrated. As a further objective, the raid was intended to distract British attention from
1106:. Reuter believed that the British intended to seize the German ships on 21 June 1919, which was the deadline for Germany to have signed the peace treaty. Unaware that the deadline had been extended to the 23rd, Reuter
997:
of the High Seas Fleet at the end of
October 1918, during which she would have laid an offensive minefield to damage British ships before a major fleet engagement. But the operation was cancelled due to the
851:. The German ruse worked, and the British destroyers initially thought they were friendly ships. They flashed recognition signals until the Germans opened fire at a range of 2,700 m (8,900 ft).
463:
411:
Despite being designed as a minelayer, the German Navy never operated her as such. She and her sister were used to raid a
British convoy to Norway in October 1917. The two cruisers sank two escorting
404:, Poland) on 24 April 1915 and launched on 11 December 1915 and completed on 2 April 1916. Armed with a main battery of four 15-centimeter (5.9 in) guns in single mounts, she carried 400
1047:
608:
that was 40 mm (1.6 in) thick amidships. The conning tower had 100 mm (3.9 in) thick sides, and the deck was covered with 15 mm (0.59 in) thick armor plate.
498:. As the two countries were now at war, the German government seized the turbines and the naval command decided to build two fast, mine-laying cruisers using the engines, as the existing
3192:
1110:
at the next opportunity. On the morning of 21 June, the
British fleet left Scapa Flow to conduct training maneuvers, and at 11:20 Reuter transmitted the order to his ships.
421:
considered sending the two ships to attack convoys in the
Atlantic Ocean, but the difficulties associated with refueling at sea convinced the Germans to abandon the plan.
1142:
as part of an effort to determine how the wrecks are deteriorating. Her wreck lies at 36 m (118 ft) and remains a popular site for recreational scuba divers.
1867:
1138:
and nine other wrecks in the area, including six other German and three
British warships. The archaeologists mapped the wrecks with sonar and examined them with
971:
laid a defensive minefield in the German Bight in June 1918 over the course of two separate operations, first alone and the second assisted by the light cruiser
2264:
1107:
440:
3187:
924:
Nevertheless, the preliminary planning carried out formed the basis for later work that resulted in the deployment of long-range surface raiders during
558:(10,700 km; 6,700 mi) at 12 kn (22 km/h; 14 mph). In service however, the ship reached 34 kn (63 km/h; 39 mph).
1971:
1789:
3182:
875:
celebrated the results of the attack with champagne. For their part, the
British responded by escorting future convoys with a detached squadron of
1836:
1817:
1770:
1746:
1723:
1704:
1685:
1643:
1621:
1602:
1581:
1860:
1139:
1121:
3197:
3115:
3111:
1913:
2792:
1938:
3128:
917:. The central Atlantic was out of the normal range of the U-boats, and convoys were therefore lightly defended in the area. The
3172:
3167:
2317:
1853:
1132:
on 23 May 2001. In 2017, marine archaeologists from the Orkney
Research Center for Archaeology conducted extensive surveys of
704:) convinced the German naval command to abandon its aggressive fleet strategy. Toward the end of 1916, she was transferred to
994:
2352:
2483:
1964:
772:
432:
2536:
1090:
that ended the fighting. The ships steamed out of
Germany on 21 November 1918 in single file, commanded by Rear Admiral
667:
was ready for service with the fleet by May 1916, though she did not steam with the rest of the High Seas Fleet for the
2143:
1002:
of the High Seas Fleet that began in
Wilhelmshaven. In an attempt to suppress the mutiny, the fleet was dispersed, and
2221:
2190:
3107:
3103:
3098:
3094:
2864:
2674:
2525:
2058:
1986:
1094:. They were met at sea by a combined fleet of 370 British, American, and French warships. The fleet arrived in the
493:
2752:
2730:
2668:
2662:
1654:
3081:
3075:
2415:
2131:
1957:
701:
585:
292:
1012:. Already on 4 November, they were moved again and while the ships were still at sea, the unit was disbanded.
2906:
694:. The operation led to a brief action on 19 October, during which a British submarine torpedoed the cruiser
2938:
1125:
1087:
167:
1591:
Campbell, N. J. M. & Sieche, Erwin (1986). "Germany". In Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal (eds.).
716:
on 10 January 1917. For much of the rest of the year, she took part in local defensive operations in the
2886:
2153:
2137:
1876:
1083:
625:
589:
489:
458:
373:
135:
1922:
952:
705:
672:
1735:
Die Deutschen Kriegsschiffe: Biographien – ein Spiegel der Marinegeschichte von 1815 bis zur Gegenwart
1058:
to return to Kiel, but Gorrissen refused and instead placed his ship out of commission on 7 November.
2969:
2700:
2690:
2373:
2253:
1103:
842:
835:
565:
guns in single pedestal mounts; two were arranged forward on the centerline, forward and aft of the
449:
was successfully scuttled, and unlike most of the other wrecks, she was never raised for scrapping.
3177:
2844:
2584:
2545:
2387:
2160:
980:
956:
914:
796:
523:
153:
2980:
2896:
2556:
2296:
2210:
1129:
955:
took command of the ship; he only remained aboard for a month, before he was replaced by FK
745:
654:
363:
2289:
2027:
3012:
2772:
2710:
2577:
2359:
2088:
2078:
2038:
1832:
1813:
1793:
1766:
1742:
1719:
1700:
1681:
1639:
1617:
1598:
1577:
1091:
668:
547:
436:
207:
3053:
3023:
2924:
2854:
2609:
2602:
2464:
2310:
2199:
2171:
1949:
1761:
1756:
1592:
1116:
sank at 13:05; she was never raised for scrapping and remains on the bottom of Scapa Flow.
776:
554:. These provided a top speed of 28 kn (52 km/h; 32 mph) and a range of 5,800
3033:
2813:
2303:
1805:
831:
760:
658:
574:
515:
1739:
The German Warships: Biographies − A Reflection of Naval History from 1815 to the Present
1673:
1124:
in 1981, and after salvage rights expired on 17 November 1985, the wreck was sold to the
2652:
2429:
2422:
2345:
1095:
972:
810:
In the early hours of 17 October, the two cruisers received a report from a patrolling
695:
641:
511:
231:
1128:
on 3 November 1986 for the nominal sum of 1 pound. The wreck was then declared a
592:
astern of the funnels. She was also equipped with a pair of 50 cm (19.7 in)
3161:
2949:
2931:
2875:
2394:
2018:
1102:
The fleet remained in captivity during the negotiations that ultimately produced the
1041:
938:
848:
771:, decided to deploy a surface force to carry out a surprise attack to supplement the
752:
725:
566:
562:
555:
551:
499:
485:
358:
354:
331:
285:
256:
141:
57:
3043:
2680:
2627:
2616:
2567:
2443:
2401:
2366:
2120:
1631:
1407:
1405:
944:
925:
784:
717:
605:
593:
519:
299:
2380:
1532:
2959:
2802:
2493:
2242:
1996:
999:
948:
880:
766:
650:
645:
633:
477:
377:
325:
244:
1281:
1279:
1277:
736:
3063:
3002:
2762:
2408:
2275:
2268:
2099:
1897:
1079:
1025:
909:
on a commerce raiding mission into the Atlantic. They were to operate off the
876:
872:
826:
attacked the convoy about 70 nautical miles (130 km; 81 mi) east of
780:
720:, supporting minesweepers. During this period, she was based alternatively at
601:
539:
428:
405:
381:
319:
305:
119:
3143:
3130:
1797:
2917:
2178:
713:
709:
691:
597:
570:
535:
534:) as designed and up to 5,856 t (5,764 long tons; 6,455 short tons) at
481:
412:
393:
369:
351:
225:
80:
1762:
Castles of Steel: Britain, Germany, and the Winning of the Great War at Sea
546:) steam turbines powered by two coal-fired and four oil-fired Marine-type
2824:
2782:
2720:
2595:
2471:
2110:
2068:
2048:
2007:
1845:
811:
543:
531:
401:
259:(10,700 km; 6,700 mi) at 12 kn (22 km/h; 14 mph)
161:
1680:. Vol. I: Major Surface Vessels. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
27:
2991:
2741:
2645:
2638:
2514:
2503:
2457:
2450:
2436:
2338:
2331:
2324:
2231:
827:
637:
622:
397:
84:
628:
that had been built in the 1880s, was ordered under the contract name
1780:
Novik, Anton (1969). "The Story of the Cruisers Brummer and Bremse".
1733:
Hildebrand, Hans H.; Röhr, Albert & Steinmetz, Hans-Otto (1993).
910:
756:
675:, which had been badly weakened by losses at the Battle of Jutland.
435:. On 21 June 1919, the commander of the interned fleet, Rear Admiral
1228:
1226:
735:
721:
527:
462:
157:
1638:. Barnsley/Annapolis: Seaforth Publishing/Naval Institute Press.
1655:"Archaeologists Map Famed Shipwrecks and War Graves in Scotland"
1614:
Spoils of War: The Fate of Enemy Fleets after the Two World Wars
1009:
1953:
1849:
814:
that had located one of the convoys. Half an hour after dawn,
1411:
1396:
1285:
1217:
573:
aft. These guns fired a 45.3-pound (20.5 kg) shell at a
690:
served with the High Seas Fleet for a major sweep into the
951:, but they encountered no British vessels. That month, FK
779:, which saw much of the High Seas Fleet detached into the
1741:] (in German). Vol. 2. Ratingen: Mundus Verlag.
1066:
Along with the most modern units of the High Seas Fleet,
415:
and nine of the twelve merchant ships of the convoy. The
538:. Her propulsion system consisted of two sets of 33,000-
1078:
were included in the ships specified for internment at
1329:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1829:
The Collapse of Power: Mutiny in the High Seas Fleet
1008:
and the rest of IV Scouting Group were sent to
671:
at the end of the month. She soon thereafter joined
2835:
1985:
1597:. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 134–189.
1356:
1354:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1256:
1232:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1168:
1166:
1157:
502:were too few in number to be spared for that task.
1716:"Luxury" Fleet: The Imperial German Navy 1888–1918
1594:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921
1205:
700:. The failure of the operation (coupled with the
1533:"Scapa Flow : Historic Wreck Site: Brummer"
891:In the aftermath of the battle off Lerwick, the
1810:Scapa 1919: the archaeology of a scuttled fleet
759:had to that point been ineffective, so Admiral
653:. Completed in less than four months, she was
427:was included in the list of ships interned at
1965:
1861:
1507:
1471:
8:
1133:
1111:
1073:
1067:
1053:
1045:
1035:
1029:
1019:
1013:
1003:
988:
978:
966:
960:
932:
918:
904:
898:
892:
866:
856:
821:
815:
802:
794:
788:
764:
685:
679:
662:
616:
579:
505:
468:
444:
422:
416:
387:
361:
344:
68:
33:
3193:World War I warships scuttled at Scapa Flow
2265:Scuttling of the German fleet at Scapa Flow
600:. Designed as a minelayer, she carried 400
1972:
1958:
1950:
1868:
1854:
1846:
985:(Corvette Captain) Theodor von Gorrissen.
1980:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1919
1790:International Naval Research Organization
18:Light cruiser of the German Imperial Navy
604:. The ship was protected by a waterline
1150:
865:rushed to engage, she too was sunk by
596:with four torpedoes in a swivel mount
522:of 6 m (20 ft) forward. She
22:
1556:
1140:remotely operated underwater vehicles
965:, though this ended without success.
855:was quickly destroyed by the fire of
48:
7:
1699:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
1612:Dodson, Aidan; Cant, Serena (2020).
1574:Jutland: An Analysis of the Fighting
1435:
1384:
1268:
977:. In August, Schulz was relieved by
801:(FK—Frigate Captain) Leonhardi, and
678:Over the period 11–20 October 1916,
180:140.4 m (460 ft 8 in)
1765:. New York City: Ballantine Books.
1333:
834:and was escorted by the destroyers
1519:
1495:
1483:
1459:
1447:
1423:
1372:
1314:
1244:
1193:
1172:
755:. Attempts to interdict them with
588:anti-aircraft guns mounted on the
518:of 13.2 m (43 ft) and a
188:13.2 m (43 ft 4 in)
14:
3188:World War I minelayers of Germany
1939:List of light cruisers of Germany
1616:. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing.
1576:. London: Conway Maritime Press.
1412:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz
1397:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz
1360:
1345:
1302:
1286:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz
1218:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz
830:. The convoy consisted of twelve
644:on 11 December 1915, after which
586:8.8 cm (3.5 in) SK L/45
293:8.8 cm (3.5 in) SK L/45
3114:
3102:
3097:
563:15 cm (5.9 in) SK L/45
480:in August 1914, the German firm
212:33,000 shp (25,000 kW)
170:: 5,856 t (5,764 long tons)
50:
26:
3183:World War I cruisers of Germany
1653:Gannon, Megan (4 August 2017).
1636:The Kaiser's Cruisers 1871–1918
708:. She laid a minefield between
550:, which were ducted into three
510:was 140.4 meters (461 ft)
196:6 m (19 ft 8 in)
1697:A Naval History of World War I
1099:to Germany in early December.
298:2 × 50 cm (19.7 in)
1:
1831:. London: Arthur Barker Ltd.
1812:. Oxford: Osprey Publishing.
993:was to have been part of the
783:to attack the islands in the
636:at the AG Vulcan shipyard in
561:The ship was armed with four
488:that had been ordered by the
1108:ordered the ships to be sunk
1052:(soldier's council) ordered
1718:. Amherst: Humanity Books.
1634:; Nottelmann, Dirk (2021).
569:, and two were placed in a
334:: 100 mm (3.9 in)
328:: 15 mm (0.59 in)
247:(52 km/h; 32 mph)
3214:
3198:Maritime incidents in 1919
1678:German Warships: 1815–1945
743:
640:on 24 April 1915. She was
621:, named after the armored
456:
322:: 40 mm (1.6 in)
3092:
1934:
1908:
1886:
1695:Halpern, Paul G. (1995).
937:joined the light cruiser
126:
43:
25:
3022:October (unknown date):
2948:Jun (unknown date): USS
1827:Woodward, David (1973).
702:action of 19 August 1916
1714:Herwig, Holger (1980).
1572:Campbell, John (1998).
1537:www.scapaflowwrecks.com
1257:Dodson & Nottelmann
1233:Dodson & Nottelmann
1158:Dodson & Nottelmann
1024:were initially sent to
947:for a sweep out to the
127:General characteristics
3173:Ships built in Stettin
3168:Brummer-class cruisers
2188:April (unknown date):
1134:
1126:Orkney Islands Council
1112:
1088:armistice with Germany
1074:
1068:
1054:
1046:
1036:
1030:
1020:
1014:
1004:
989:
979:
967:
961:
933:
919:
905:
899:
893:
867:
857:
822:
816:
803:
795:
789:
765:
741:
686:
680:
663:
617:
580:
506:
473:
469:
445:
441:scuttling of the fleet
423:
417:
388:
362:
345:
69:
34:
2733:Kaiser Franz Joseph I
1782:Warship International
1206:Campbell & Sieche
1028:, but on 6 November,
739:
490:Imperial Russian Navy
466:
459:Brummer-class cruiser
3001:Sep (unknown date):
2492:Jun (unknown date):
2418:Prinzregent Luitpold
2320:Friedrich der Grosse
1208:, pp. 140, 162.
1104:Treaty of Versailles
1086:in the terms of the
847:and a pair of armed
740:Map of the North Sea
3140: /
2485:Duchess of Richmond
1559:, pp. 209–221.
1510:, pp. 54, 106.
1426:, pp. 240–241.
1414:, pp. 148–149.
1348:, pp. 188–189.
1259:, pp. 192–193.
1247:, pp. 112–113.
1160:, pp. 190–191.
1122:Ministry of Defence
913:in concert with an
897:considered sending
763:, the chief of the
467:Profile drawing of
3144:58.8971°N 3.1539°W
1130:scheduled monument
1082:by the victorious
746:Action off Lerwick
742:
732:Action off Lerwick
548:water-tube boilers
484:had a set of four
474:
418:Kaiserliche Marine
364:Kaiserliche Marine
286:15 cm SK L/45
208:water-tube boilers
3123:
3122:
2972:Edward Luckenbach
2397:Kronprinz Wilhelm
2191:Borets za Svobodu
1947:
1946:
1838:978-0-213-16431-7
1819:978-1-4728-2890-3
1772:978-0-345-40878-5
1757:Massie, Robert K.
1748:978-3-8364-9743-5
1725:978-1-57392-286-9
1706:978-1-55750-352-7
1687:978-0-87021-790-6
1645:978-1-68247-745-8
1623:978-1-5267-4198-1
1604:978-0-85177-245-5
1583:978-1-55821-759-1
1508:Dodson & Cant
1474:, pp. 12–14.
1472:Dodson & Cant
1092:Ludwig von Reuter
953:Hans Quaet-Faslem
706:IV Scouting Group
673:II Scouting Group
669:Battle of Jutland
661:on 2 April 1916.
584:also carried two
437:Ludwig von Reuter
392:was laid down at
340:
339:
3205:
3155:
3154:
3152:
3151:
3150:
3149:58.8971; -3.1539
3145:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3133:
3118:
3106:
3101:
3085:
3082:Submarine No. 20
3076:Submarine No. 19
3069:
3058:
3048:
3038:
3028:
3018:
3007:
2997:
2986:
2975:
2964:
2954:
2944:
2912:
2901:
2891:
2881:
2870:
2859:
2849:
2846:Northern Pacific
2828:
2818:
2808:
2797:
2787:
2777:
2767:
2757:
2747:
2736:
2725:
2715:
2705:
2695:
2692:August Helmerich
2685:
2657:
2633:
2622:
2590:
2572:
2562:
2551:
2540:
2530:
2520:
2509:
2498:
2488:
2478:
2477:
2355:Grosser Kurfürst
2258:
2248:
2237:
2226:
2216:
2205:
2194:
2184:
2166:
2148:
2126:
2115:
2105:
2094:
2083:
2073:
2063:
2053:
2043:
2033:
2022:
2012:
2002:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1951:
1870:
1863:
1856:
1847:
1842:
1823:
1806:McCartney, Innes
1801:
1776:
1752:
1729:
1710:
1691:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1649:
1627:
1608:
1587:
1560:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1529:
1523:
1517:
1511:
1505:
1499:
1493:
1487:
1481:
1475:
1469:
1463:
1457:
1451:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1427:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1382:
1376:
1370:
1364:
1358:
1349:
1343:
1337:
1331:
1318:
1312:
1306:
1300:
1289:
1283:
1272:
1266:
1260:
1254:
1248:
1242:
1236:
1230:
1221:
1215:
1209:
1203:
1197:
1191:
1176:
1170:
1161:
1155:
1137:
1115:
1077:
1071:
1057:
1051:
1039:
1033:
1023:
1017:
1007:
992:
984:
981:Korvettenkapitän
970:
964:
936:
922:
908:
902:
896:
887:Later operations
870:
860:
825:
819:
806:
800:
797:Fregattenkapitän
792:
777:Operation Albion
770:
689:
683:
666:
626:of the same name
620:
583:
571:superfiring pair
540:shaft-horsepower
509:
492:for the cruiser
476:At the start of
472:
448:
426:
420:
391:
367:
348:
272:293 enlisted men
102:11 December 1915
72:
60:
55:
54:
53:
37:
30:
23:
3213:
3212:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3203:
3202:
3158:
3157:
3148:
3146:
3142:
3139:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3119:
3110:
3088:
3072:
3061:
3051:
3041:
3031:
3021:
3010:
3000:
2989:
2978:
2967:
2957:
2947:
2915:
2904:
2894:
2884:
2873:
2862:
2852:
2842:
2836:Other incidents
2831:
2821:
2811:
2800:
2790:
2780:
2770:
2760:
2750:
2739:
2728:
2718:
2708:
2698:
2688:
2660:
2636:
2625:
2593:
2575:
2565:
2554:
2543:
2533:
2523:
2512:
2501:
2491:
2481:
2263:
2261:
2251:
2240:
2229:
2219:
2208:
2197:
2187:
2169:
2163:Otis W. Douglas
2151:
2129:
2118:
2108:
2097:
2086:
2076:
2066:
2056:
2046:
2036:
2025:
2015:
2005:
1994:
1981:
1978:
1948:
1943:
1930:
1904:
1882:
1880:-class cruisers
1874:
1839:
1826:
1820:
1804:
1779:
1773:
1755:
1749:
1732:
1726:
1713:
1707:
1694:
1688:
1672:
1663:
1661:
1659:Livescience.com
1652:
1646:
1630:
1624:
1611:
1605:
1590:
1584:
1571:
1568:
1563:
1555:
1551:
1541:
1539:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1518:
1514:
1506:
1502:
1494:
1490:
1482:
1478:
1470:
1466:
1458:
1454:
1446:
1442:
1434:
1430:
1422:
1418:
1410:
1403:
1395:
1391:
1383:
1379:
1371:
1367:
1359:
1352:
1344:
1340:
1332:
1321:
1313:
1309:
1301:
1292:
1284:
1275:
1267:
1263:
1255:
1251:
1243:
1239:
1231:
1224:
1216:
1212:
1204:
1200:
1192:
1179:
1171:
1164:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1064:
889:
793:, commanded by
773:U-boat campaign
761:Reinhard Scheer
748:
734:
659:High Seas Fleet
614:
612:Service history
575:muzzle velocity
461:
455:
400:, Germany (now
396:'s shipyard in
230:2 × AEG-Vulcan
201:Installed power
122:on 21 June 1919
56:
51:
49:
39:
19:
12:
11:
5:
3211:
3209:
3201:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3160:
3159:
3121:
3120:
3093:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3086:
3073:Unknown date:
3070:
3059:
3049:
3039:
3029:
3019:
3008:
2998:
2987:
2976:
2965:
2955:
2945:
2913:
2902:
2892:
2882:
2871:
2860:
2850:
2839:
2837:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2829:
2822:Unknown date:
2819:
2809:
2798:
2788:
2778:
2774:Council Bluffs
2768:
2758:
2748:
2737:
2726:
2716:
2712:Sizergh Castle
2706:
2702:Frank O'Connor
2696:
2686:
2658:
2634:
2623:
2591:
2573:
2563:
2552:
2541:
2531:
2521:
2510:
2499:
2489:
2479:
2259:
2249:
2238:
2227:
2217:
2206:
2195:
2185:
2167:
2149:
2127:
2116:
2106:
2095:
2084:
2074:
2064:
2054:
2044:
2034:
2023:
2013:
2003:
1991:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1976:
1969:
1962:
1954:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1919:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1895:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1875:
1873:
1872:
1865:
1858:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1837:
1824:
1818:
1802:
1777:
1771:
1753:
1747:
1730:
1724:
1711:
1705:
1692:
1686:
1670:
1650:
1644:
1628:
1622:
1609:
1603:
1588:
1582:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1549:
1524:
1512:
1500:
1498:, p. 113.
1488:
1486:, p. 256.
1476:
1464:
1462:, p. 255.
1452:
1450:, p. 254.
1440:
1438:, p. 167.
1428:
1416:
1401:
1399:, p. 133.
1389:
1377:
1375:, p. 230.
1365:
1363:, p. 189.
1350:
1338:
1336:, p. 376.
1319:
1317:, p. 684.
1307:
1305:, p. 188.
1290:
1288:, p. 149.
1273:
1261:
1249:
1237:
1235:, p. 280.
1222:
1220:, p. 148.
1210:
1198:
1196:, p. 747.
1177:
1175:, p. 112.
1162:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1096:Firth of Forth
1063:
1060:
888:
885:
753:armed trawlers
744:Main article:
733:
730:
613:
610:
556:nautical miles
500:light cruisers
486:steam turbines
457:Main article:
454:
451:
439:, ordered the
431:following the
368:; she was the
338:
337:
336:
335:
329:
323:
315:
311:
310:
309:
308:
302:
296:
289:
280:
276:
275:
274:
273:
270:
265:
261:
260:
253:
249:
248:
241:
237:
236:
235:
234:
232:steam turbines
228:
220:
216:
215:
214:
213:
210:
202:
198:
197:
194:
190:
189:
186:
182:
181:
178:
174:
173:
172:
171:
165:
149:
145:
144:
133:
132:Class and type
129:
128:
124:
123:
116:
112:
111:
108:
104:
103:
100:
96:
95:
92:
88:
87:
78:
74:
73:
66:
62:
61:
46:
45:
41:
40:
31:
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3210:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3156:
3153:
3117:
3113:
3112:December 1918
3109:
3105:
3100:
3096:
3091:
3084:
3083:
3078:
3077:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3060:
3057:
3056:
3055:Prince Rupert
3050:
3047:
3046:
3040:
3037:
3036:
3030:
3027:
3026:
3025:Prince Rupert
3020:
3017:
3016:
3009:
3006:
3005:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2977:
2974:
2973:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2946:
2943:
2942:
2936:
2935:
2929:
2928:
2922:
2921:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2856:Prince Rupert
2851:
2848:
2847:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2834:
2827:
2826:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2769:
2766:
2765:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2687:
2684:
2683:
2678:
2677:
2672:
2671:
2666:
2665:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2650:
2649:
2643:
2642:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2607:
2606:
2600:
2599:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2582:
2581:
2580:St. Sebastian
2574:
2571:
2570:
2564:
2561:
2560:
2553:
2550:
2549:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2522:
2519:
2518:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2480:
2476:
2475:
2469:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2455:
2454:
2448:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2420:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2406:
2405:
2399:
2398:
2392:
2391:
2385:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2371:
2370:
2364:
2363:
2357:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2336:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2301:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2266:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2250:
2247:
2246:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2140:
2135:
2134:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2107:
2104:
2103:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1975:
1970:
1968:
1963:
1961:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1933:
1927:
1925:
1921:Followed by:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1912:Preceded by:
1911:
1910:
1907:
1901:
1900:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1885:
1881:
1879:
1871:
1866:
1864:
1859:
1857:
1852:
1851:
1848:
1840:
1834:
1830:
1825:
1821:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1778:
1774:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1731:
1727:
1721:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1702:
1698:
1693:
1689:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1674:Gröner, Erich
1671:
1660:
1656:
1651:
1647:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1632:Dodson, Aidan
1629:
1625:
1619:
1615:
1610:
1606:
1600:
1596:
1595:
1589:
1585:
1579:
1575:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1558:
1553:
1550:
1538:
1534:
1528:
1525:
1521:
1516:
1513:
1509:
1504:
1501:
1497:
1492:
1489:
1485:
1480:
1477:
1473:
1468:
1465:
1461:
1456:
1453:
1449:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1432:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1393:
1390:
1387:, p. 93.
1386:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1366:
1362:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1342:
1339:
1335:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1311:
1308:
1304:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1271:, p. 23.
1270:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1214:
1211:
1207:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1154:
1151:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1117:
1114:
1109:
1105:
1100:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1084:Allied powers
1081:
1076:
1070:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1043:
1038:
1034:left to join
1032:
1027:
1022:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
983:
982:
976:
975:
969:
963:
958:
957:Edmund Schulz
954:
950:
946:
945:torpedo boats
942:
941:
935:
931:In November,
929:
927:
921:
916:
912:
907:
901:
895:
886:
884:
882:
878:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
850:
846:
845:
840:
839:
833:
829:
824:
818:
813:
808:
805:
799:
798:
791:
786:
782:
778:
774:
769:
768:
762:
758:
754:
747:
738:
731:
729:
727:
726:Wilhelmshaven
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
698:
693:
688:
682:
676:
674:
670:
665:
660:
656:
652:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
624:
619:
611:
609:
607:
603:
599:
595:
594:torpedo tubes
591:
587:
582:
576:
572:
568:
567:conning tower
564:
559:
557:
553:
549:
545:
542:(25,000
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
508:
503:
501:
497:
496:
491:
487:
483:
479:
471:
465:
460:
452:
450:
447:
442:
438:
434:
430:
425:
419:
414:
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
390:
385:
384:
379:
375:
371:
366:
365:
360:
356:
355:light cruiser
353:
349:
347:
333:
332:Conning tower
330:
327:
324:
321:
318:
317:
316:
313:
312:
307:
303:
301:
300:torpedo tubes
297:
294:
290:
287:
283:
282:
281:
278:
277:
271:
268:
267:
266:
263:
262:
258:
254:
251:
250:
246:
242:
239:
238:
233:
229:
227:
223:
222:
221:
218:
217:
211:
209:
205:
204:
203:
200:
199:
195:
192:
191:
187:
184:
183:
179:
176:
175:
169:
166:
163:
159:
156:: 4,385
155:
152:
151:
150:
147:
146:
143:
142:light cruiser
140:
138:
134:
131:
130:
125:
121:
117:
114:
113:
109:
106:
105:
101:
98:
97:
94:24 April 1915
93:
90:
89:
86:
82:
79:
76:
75:
71:
67:
64:
63:
59:
58:German Empire
47:
42:
36:
29:
24:
21:
16:
3125:
3080:
3074:
3065:
3054:
3044:
3035:Juan Casiano
3034:
3024:
3014:
3003:
2993:
2982:
2971:
2960:
2950:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2908:
2897:
2887:
2877:
2867:Narragansett
2866:
2855:
2845:
2823:
2814:
2804:
2793:
2783:
2773:
2763:
2753:
2743:
2732:
2721:
2711:
2701:
2691:
2681:
2675:
2669:
2663:
2653:
2647:
2640:
2629:
2618:
2612:Patrol No. 1
2611:
2605:Katherine K.
2604:
2597:
2586:
2579:
2568:
2558:
2547:
2535:
2526:
2516:
2505:
2494:
2484:
2473:
2467:Von der Tann
2466:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2438:
2431:
2424:
2417:
2410:
2403:
2396:
2390:König Albert
2389:
2382:
2375:
2368:
2361:
2354:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2326:
2319:
2312:
2305:
2298:
2291:
2284:
2282:
2277:
2270:
2254:
2244:
2233:
2222:
2212:
2201:
2189:
2180:
2174:Gypsum Queen
2173:
2162:
2155:
2144:
2138:
2132:
2122:
2111:
2101:
2090:
2079:
2069:
2059:
2049:
2039:
2029:
2017:
2008:
1998:
1923:
1914:
1898:
1891:
1890:
1877:
1828:
1809:
1785:
1781:
1760:
1738:
1734:
1715:
1696:
1677:
1662:. Retrieved
1658:
1635:
1613:
1593:
1573:
1552:
1540:. Retrieved
1536:
1527:
1515:
1503:
1491:
1479:
1467:
1455:
1443:
1431:
1419:
1392:
1380:
1368:
1341:
1310:
1264:
1252:
1240:
1213:
1201:
1153:
1118:
1101:
1065:
1044:. The local
995:final sortie
987:
973:
943:and several
939:
930:
926:World War II
890:
862:
852:
843:
837:
809:
785:Gulf of Riga
749:
718:German Bight
696:
677:
655:commissioned
629:
615:
606:armored belt
560:
512:long overall
504:
494:
475:
410:
382:
342:
341:
148:Displacement
136:
118:Scuttled in
110:2 April 1916
107:Commissioned
20:
15:
3147: /
2843:1 Jan: USS
2654:West Arvada
2306:Derfflinger
2089:HNoMS
2030:Erin's Isle
1792:: 185–189.
1048:soldatenrat
949:Dogger Bank
920:Admiralstab
894:Admiralstab
881:Grand Fleet
877:battleships
832:merchantmen
767:Admiralstab
646:fitting-out
526:4,385
478:World War I
378:sister ship
269:16 officers
255:5,800
3178:1915 ships
3162:Categories
3132:58°53′50″N
3064:USFS
2951:West Grama
2527:Basilicata
2348:Hindenburg
2130:26 April:
1987:Shipwrecks
1915:Königsberg
1788:. Toledo:
1566:References
1080:Scapa Flow
1042:Swinemünde
1026:Sonderburg
1021:Strassburg
974:Strassburg
873:Wilhelm II
781:Baltic Sea
590:centerline
514:and had a
429:Scapa Flow
413:destroyers
352:minelaying
264:Complement
226:propellers
224:2 × screw
219:Propulsion
120:Scapa Flow
3135:3°09′14″W
3045:Atle Jarl
3013:HMS
2992:USS
2970:USS
2939:SMS
2934:Frankfurt
2932:SMS
2925:SMS
2918:SMS
2878:Aquitania
2876:RMS
2865:USS
2803:USS
2742:HMS
2731:SMS
2682:Ossifrage
2646:HMS
2639:HMS
2628:USS
2617:USS
2610:USS
2603:USS
2596:USS
2578:USS
2569:Valbanera
2557:HMS
2546:HMS
2515:USS
2504:USS
2472:SMS
2465:SMS
2458:SMS
2451:SMS
2444:SMS
2437:SMS
2430:SMS
2423:SMS
2416:SMS
2409:SMS
2402:SMS
2388:SMS
2381:SMS
2376:Karlsruhe
2374:SMS
2367:SMS
2360:SMS
2353:SMS
2346:SMS
2339:SMS
2332:SMS
2325:SMS
2318:SMS
2311:SMS
2304:SMS
2297:SMS
2290:SMS
2283:SMS
2276:SMS
2269:SMS
2243:HMS
2232:HMS
2223:Rucumilla
2211:SMS
2200:HMS
2179:USS
2172:USS
2161:USS
2154:USS
2121:USS
2100:SMS
2028:HMS
1997:HMY
1798:0043-0374
1557:McCartney
1542:10 August
940:Stralsund
879:from the
863:Mary Rose
861:, and as
853:Strongbow
844:Mary Rose
838:Strongbow
836:HMS
714:Helgoland
710:Norderney
692:North Sea
657:into the
634:laid down
598:amidships
536:full load
532:long tons
524:displaced
482:AG Vulcan
433:Armistice
394:AG Vulcan
374:her class
370:lead ship
168:Full load
162:long tons
91:Laid down
81:AG Vulcan
3042:20 Nov
3032:19 Nov
3011:18 Oct:
2990:16 Sep:
2983:Flamingo
2979:16 Jul:
2968:15 Jul:
2961:Grampian
2941:Nürnberg
2916:21 Jun:
2895:17 Apr:
2874:28 Feb:
2812:18 Dec:
2801:12 Dec:
2791:24 Nov:
2781:22 Nov:
2771:13 Nov:
2761:31 Oct:
2740:18 Oct:
2729:17 Oct:
2689:30 Sep:
2661:29 Sep:
2637:16 Sep:
2630:Helena I
2626:11 Sep:
2619:Sea Hawk
2594:10 Sep:
2548:Vittoria
2534:18 Aug:
2524:13 Aug:
2513:30 Jul:
2502:27 Jul:
2495:Erinpura
2482:28 Jun:
2446:Seydlitz
2404:Markgraf
2369:Kaiserin
2262:21 Jun:
2252:18 Jun:
2241:16 Jun:
2170:28 Apr:
2156:Courtney
2152:27 Apr:
2145:Kashalot
2123:Freehold
2119:17 Apr:
2109:15 Apr:
2077:22 Feb:
2067:20 Feb:
2060:Mirabeau
2057:18 Feb:
2047:10 Feb:
2016:30 Jan:
2006:21 Jan:
1808:(2019).
1759:(2003).
1676:(1990).
1664:8 August
1436:Woodward
1385:Woodward
1269:Campbell
849:trawlers
812:zeppelin
642:launched
632:and was
495:Svetlana
402:Szczecin
279:Armament
99:Launched
38:underway
3062:3 Dec:
3052:14 Jan
3004:Sangola
2958:9 Jul:
2905:4 Jun:
2898:Saxonia
2863:1 Feb:
2853:14 Jan
2805:Kerwood
2794:Poltava
2764:Fazilka
2754:Gavriil
2751:21 Oct
2719:9 Oct:
2709:7 Oct:
2699:3 Oct:
2576:9 Sep:
2566:8 Sep:
2559:Verulam
2555:4 Sep:
2544:1 Sep:
2299:Dresden
2285:Brummer
2245:Kinross
2230:9 Jun:
2220:2 Jun:
2213:Leipzig
2209:5 May:
2198:4 May:
2098:6 Apr:
2087:7 Mar:
2037:8 Feb:
2026:7 Feb:
1999:Iolaire
1995:1 Jan:
1892:Brummer
1878:Brummer
1334:Halpern
1135:Brummer
1113:Brummer
1069:Brummer
1055:Brummer
1031:Brummer
1015:Brummer
1005:Brummer
990:Brummer
968:Brummer
962:Brummer
934:Brummer
900:Brummer
868:Brummer
828:Lerwick
817:Brummer
790:Brummer
757:U-boats
697:München
681:Brummer
664:Brummer
638:Stettin
623:gunboat
618:Brummer
581:Brummer
552:funnels
530:(4,316
507:Brummer
470:Brummer
446:Brummer
424:Brummer
398:Stettin
389:Brummer
357:of the
346:Brummer
295:AA guns
160:(4,316
137:Brummer
85:Stettin
77:Builder
70:Brummer
44:History
35:Brummer
3015:Vulcan
2909:SP-582
2676:ML-191
2587:SP-471
2411:Moltke
2362:Kaiser
2278:Bremse
2271:Bayern
2133:Narval
2102:Vulkan
2019:Nimrod
1899:Bremse
1835:
1816:
1796:
1769:
1745:
1722:
1703:
1684:
1642:
1620:
1601:
1580:
1520:Gannon
1496:Gröner
1484:Herwig
1460:Herwig
1448:Herwig
1424:Herwig
1373:Herwig
1315:Massie
1245:Gröner
1194:Massie
1173:Gröner
1075:Bremse
1037:Bremse
1000:mutiny
911:Azores
906:Bremse
858:Bremse
823:Bremse
804:Bremse
687:Bremse
453:Design
383:Bremse
376:. Her
359:German
350:was a
177:Length
154:Normal
139:-class
3066:Murre
2927:Emden
2920:Baden
2888:Perun
2885:Mar:
2825:UB-14
2815:Cufic
2784:Myron
2722:Daram
2670:ML-62
2664:ML-18
2537:Dvina
2383:König
2313:Emden
2202:Cupar
2181:James
2112:U-118
2070:UC-71
2050:UC-91
2009:UC-40
1926:class
1917:class
1737:[
1361:Novik
1346:Novik
1303:Novik
1146:Notes
915:oiler
722:Emden
602:mines
520:draft
406:mines
314:Armor
306:mines
291:2 ×
252:Range
245:knots
240:Speed
193:Draft
3108:1920
3095:1918
2981:USS
2907:USS
2598:Coco
2585:USS
2474:G102
2395:SMS
2292:Cöln
2255:Oleg
2091:Thor
2080:U-21
2040:U-16
1924:Cöln
1833:ISBN
1814:ISBN
1794:ISSN
1767:ISBN
1743:ISBN
1720:ISBN
1701:ISBN
1682:ISBN
1666:2017
1640:ISBN
1618:ISBN
1599:ISBN
1578:ISBN
1544:2017
1072:and
1062:Fate
1018:and
1010:Kiel
903:and
841:and
820:and
724:and
712:and
684:and
651:stem
516:beam
380:was
343:SMS
326:Deck
320:Belt
304:400
288:guns
284:4 ×
206:6 ×
185:Beam
115:Fate
65:Name
32:SMS
2994:R-6
2744:H41
2648:M27
2641:M25
2517:G-2
2506:May
2460:V46
2453:V45
2439:S50
2432:S36
2425:S32
2341:G40
2334:G39
2327:G38
2234:L55
2139:Kit
1040:at
372:of
257:nmi
243:28
3164::
3079:,
2937:,
2930:,
2923:,
2679:,
2673:,
2667:,
2651:,
2644:,
2615:,
2608:,
2601:,
2583:,
2470:,
2463:,
2456:,
2449:,
2442:,
2435:,
2428:,
2421:,
2414:,
2407:,
2400:,
2393:,
2386:,
2379:,
2372:,
2365:,
2358:,
2351:,
2344:,
2337:,
2330:,
2323:,
2316:,
2309:,
2302:,
2295:,
2288:,
2281:,
2274:,
2267:–
2177:,
2159:,
2142:,
2136:,
1784:.
1657:.
1535:.
1404:^
1353:^
1322:^
1293:^
1276:^
1225:^
1180:^
1165:^
928:.
883:.
787:.
728:.
544:kW
443:.
408:.
386:.
83:,
1973:e
1966:t
1959:v
1869:e
1862:t
1855:v
1841:.
1822:.
1800:.
1786:3
1775:.
1751:.
1728:.
1709:.
1690:.
1668:.
1648:.
1626:.
1607:.
1586:.
1546:.
1522:.
630:C
528:t
164:)
158:t
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