1574:
1584:
239:
access control in a client-specific and application-specific fashion. The obvious negative security implications of the impersonation concept are prevented in
Windows Vista by restricting impersonation to selected service accounts. Impersonation can be implemented in a Unix/Linux model using the
238:
checks, e.g. when opening new files. Whether these are less privileges or more privileges than that of the original service account depends entirely on the client. In the traditional (GSSAPI) model, when a server runs under a service account, it cannot elevate its privileges, and has to perform
208:. For Windows 2000, an implementation of Kerberos 5 was added, using token formats conforming to the official protocol standard RFC 1964 (The Kerberos 5 GSSAPI mechanism) and providing wire-level interoperability with Kerberos 5 implementations from other vendors.
462:
211:
The tokens generated and accepted by the SSPI are mostly compatible with the GSS-API so an SSPI client on
Windows may be able to authenticate with a GSS-API server on Unix depending on the specific circumstances.
119:, it tries Kerberos before falling back to NTLM. On Windows 7 and later, NEGOExts is introduced, which negotiates the use of installed custom SSPs which are supported on the client and server for authentication.
243:
or related system calls. While this means an unprivileged process cannot elevate its privileges, it also means that to take advantage of impersonation the process must run in the context of
1373:
193:
2143:
2153:
388:
2148:
1846:
1379:
1722:
1530:
1440:
1429:
863:
1667:
136:
SSP that provides encryption and secure communication for authenticating clients and servers over the internet. Updated in
Windows 7 to support TLS 1.2.
1673:
308:
1391:
1336:
453:
147:
822:
536:
1817:
1661:
1201:
1052:
812:
837:
827:
802:
1518:
946:
2118:
1755:
1469:
997:
969:
896:
572:
1861:
1649:
1620:
1196:
1173:
112:
2082:
1542:
1524:
1234:
1148:
868:
722:
1774:
1548:
1385:
1158:
531:
501:
223:
122:
Secure
Channel (schannel.dll) – Introduced in Windows 2000 and updated in Windows Vista to support stronger AES encryption and
2087:
1684:
1453:
1250:
1191:
911:
172:
Distributed
Password Authentication (DPA, msapsspc.dll) – Introduced in Windows 2000. Provides internet authentication using
392:
1062:
1899:
1869:
1768:
1329:
1186:
1057:
1047:
1035:
446:
162:
139:
98:
1879:
1749:
1298:
1211:
1163:
421:
123:
48:
SSPI functions as a common interface to several
Security Support Providers (SSPs): A Security Support Provider is a
2060:
1823:
1040:
807:
774:
608:
1919:
1851:
1790:
1587:
1435:
1030:
832:
749:
526:
521:
496:
183:. Provides peer-to-peer authentication using digital certificates between systems that are not part of a domain.
2040:
2003:
1970:
1643:
1629:
1007:
795:
759:
1801:
1785:
1690:
1577:
1414:
1322:
1293:
1278:
1255:
1002:
992:
926:
439:
166:
133:
1780:
1744:
1655:
1475:
959:
954:
936:
906:
764:
476:
426:
173:
2107:
2008:
1728:
1613:
1224:
1143:
1138:
691:
603:
506:
1025:
727:
676:
577:
516:
49:
376:
1486:
1464:
1100:
1083:
984:
891:
630:
86:
2024:
1739:
1361:
671:
511:
1975:
1701:
1283:
1153:
1095:
921:
701:
655:
1980:
1796:
1734:
1606:
754:
640:
365:
332:
296:
285:
274:
1706:
1367:
635:
216:
197:
68:
416:
354:
343:
263:
1512:
1496:
1345:
1115:
974:
696:
567:
235:
158:
150:
authentication between
Windows and non-Windows systems where Kerberos is not available.
108:
76:
42:
2137:
1761:
1696:
1229:
1219:
1133:
1017:
886:
817:
650:
645:
154:
94:
275:
User
Authentication - Security (Windows 2000 Resource Kit Documentation) : MSDN
2055:
1829:
1288:
931:
227:
90:
80:
1559:
234:
privileges of the authenticated client, so that the operating system performs all
1491:
1273:
1181:
916:
620:
562:
557:
431:
38:
196:(GSSAPI) with extensions and very Windows-specific data types. It shipped with
2102:
901:
842:
706:
625:
201:
143:
2097:
1909:
1874:
1481:
1303:
244:
180:
116:
1914:
1904:
1889:
1459:
686:
486:
481:
366:
Credential
Security Service Provider and SSO for Terminal Services Logon
179:
Public Key
Cryptography User-to-User (PKU2U, pku2u.dll) – Introduced in
101:. Performs authentication for Windows domains in Windows 2000 and later.
1954:
1949:
1934:
1924:
1446:
1128:
1123:
1088:
964:
790:
732:
681:
598:
582:
205:
129:
64:
2112:
2065:
2045:
1944:
1929:
1894:
1554:
1536:
1507:
742:
615:
104:
17:
2092:
2050:
1884:
1679:
1502:
769:
52:(DLL) that makes one or more security packages available to apps.
1314:
1424:
1403:
858:
737:
541:
491:
72:
1602:
1318:
435:
1598:
1067:
313:
Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows Server 2008 Documentations
126:
This provider uses SSL/TLS records to encrypt data payloads.
355:
Microsoft Digest SSP: SSP Packages provided by Microsoft
226:-defined GSSAPI and Microsoft's SSPI is the concept of "
219:, which makes some GSSAPI interoperability impossible.
194:
Generic Security Services Application Program Interface
107:(secur32.dll) – Introduced in Windows 2000. Provides
2075:
2033:
2017:
1996:
1989:
1963:
1860:
1839:
1810:
1715:
1636:
1413:
1352:
1264:
1243:
1210:
1172:
1114:
1076:
1016:
983:
945:
877:
851:
783:
715:
664:
591:
550:
469:
333:
TLS/SSL Cryptographic Enhancements in Windows Vista
215:One significant shortcoming of SSPI is its lack of
344:Secure Channel: SSP Packages Provided by Microsoft
41:that performs security-related operations such as
377:DCOM Technical Overview: Security on the Internet
427:Example of use of SSPI for HTTP authentification
230:". In this model, a server can operate with the
1644:Transport Layer Security / Secure Sockets Layer
83:and for systems that are not part of a domain.
1847:Export of cryptography from the United States
1614:
1380:Java Authentication and Authorization Service
1330:
447:
146:. Provides challenge/response based HTTP and
115:(especially in the context of IIS). Prior to
8:
2144:Microsoft application programming interfaces
1723:Automated Certificate Management Environment
1531:Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol
286:Kerberos Enhancements in Windows Vista: MSDN
60:The following SSPs are included in Windows:
1441:Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol
222:Another fundamental difference between the
1993:
1668:DNS-based Authentication of Named Entities
1621:
1607:
1599:
1337:
1323:
1315:
1106:Security Support Provider Interface (SSPI)
454:
440:
432:
157:and available on Windows XP SP3. Provides
1674:DNS Certification Authority Authorization
389:"Windows Service Hardening: AskPerf blog"
27:Windows application programming interface
1392:Simple Authentication and Security Layer
2154:Transport Layer Security implementation
537:Windows Advanced Rasterization Platform
256:
1818:Domain Name System Security Extensions
1662:Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation
532:DirectX Graphics Infrastructure (DXGI)
153:CredSSP (credssp.dll) – Introduced in
75:challenge/response authentication for
2149:Microsoft Windows security technology
111:capability, sometimes referred to as
7:
1583:
1519:Password-authenticated key agreement
297:Windows 2000 Kerberos Authentication
1398:Security Support Provider Interface
31:Security Support Provider Interface
1756:Online Certificate Status Protocol
1537:Remote Access Dial In User Service
1470:Extensible Authentication Protocol
998:Microsoft Foundation Classes (MFC)
970:Distributed Component Object Model
422:SSPI Information and Win32 samples
264:SSP Packages Provided by Microsoft
25:
1650:Datagram Transport Layer Security
192:SSPI is a proprietary variant of
113:Integrated Windows Authentication
2083:Certificate authority compromise
1582:
1573:
1572:
1543:Resource Access Control Facility
1525:Password Authentication Protocol
1430:Authentication and Key Agreement
1386:Pluggable Authentication Modules
89:(kerberos.dll) – Introduced in
2088:Random number generator attacks
1775:Extended Validation Certificate
1549:Secure Remote Password protocol
1685:HTTP Strict Transport Security
1454:Central Authentication Service
1008:Windows Template Library (WTL)
142:(wdigest.dll) – Introduced in
1:
1374:Generic Security Services API
1003:Active Template Library (ATL)
723:Data Access Components (MDAC)
463:Microsoft APIs and frameworks
67:(msv1_0.dll) – Introduced in
1769:Domain-validated certificate
1404:XCert Universal Database API
163:Network Level Authentication
1750:Certificate revocation list
1299:Multilingual User Interface
1225:Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE)
322:– via Microsoft Docs.
2170:
1824:Internet Protocol Security
1637:Protocols and technologies
1852:Server-Gated Cryptography
1791:Public key infrastructure
1716:Public-key infrastructure
1568:
1436:CAVE-based authentication
750:Extensible Storage Engine
527:Windows Imaging Component
522:Windows Image Acquisition
2004:Man-in-the-middle attack
1971:Certificate Transparency
309:"Windows Authentication"
2115:(in regards to TLS 1.0)
2068:(in regards to SSL 3.0)
1802:Self-signed certificate
1786:Public-key cryptography
1707:Perfect forward secrecy
1691:HTTP Public Key Pinning
1294:Language Interface Pack
1279:Text Services Framework
993:Framework Class Library
167:Remote Desktop Services
134:Public key cryptography
2119:Kazakhstan MITM attack
1781:Public key certificate
1745:Certificate revocation
1656:Server Name Indication
1476:Host Identity Protocol
937:Common Log File System
765:Access Database Engine
477:Desktop Window Manager
417:SSPI Reference on MSDN
2108:Lucky Thirteen attack
2009:Padding oracle attack
1729:Certificate authority
1265:Text and multilingual
245:the root user account
1251:Active Accessibility
517:Windows Color System
174:digital certificates
50:dynamic-link library
37:) is a component of
1289:Input method editor
1101:Data Protection API
892:Windows Script Host
631:Image Mastering API
2025:Bar mitzvah attack
1740:Certificate policy
1362:BSD Authentication
1187:Enterprise Library
1174:Software factories
878:Administration and
808:Filtering Platform
609:Video Acceleration
2131:
2130:
2127:
2126:
1702:Opportunistic TLS
1596:
1595:
1312:
1311:
1284:Text Object Model
1096:Windows CardSpace
922:Windows Installer
656:Video for Windows
16:(Redirected from
2161:
1994:
1981:HTTPS Everywhere
1797:Root certificate
1735:CA/Browser Forum
1623:
1616:
1609:
1600:
1586:
1585:
1576:
1575:
1339:
1332:
1325:
1316:
897:WMI (extensions)
755:Entity Framework
641:Media Foundation
492:D3D (extensions)
456:
449:
442:
433:
404:
403:
401:
400:
391:. Archived from
385:
379:
374:
368:
363:
357:
352:
346:
341:
335:
330:
324:
323:
321:
320:
305:
299:
294:
288:
283:
277:
272:
266:
261:
242:
217:channel bindings
21:
2169:
2168:
2164:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2134:
2133:
2132:
2123:
2071:
2029:
2013:
1990:Vulnerabilities
1985:
1959:
1862:Implementations
1856:
1835:
1806:
1711:
1632:
1627:
1597:
1592:
1564:
1416:
1409:
1368:eAuthentication
1354:
1348:
1343:
1313:
1308:
1266:
1260:
1239:
1206:
1168:
1110:
1072:
1012:
979:
947:Component model
941:
927:Error Reporting
879:
873:
847:
779:
711:
702:SideBar Gadgets
660:
636:Managed DirectX
587:
546:
470:Graphics and UI
465:
460:
413:
408:
407:
398:
396:
387:
386:
382:
375:
371:
364:
360:
353:
349:
342:
338:
331:
327:
318:
316:
307:
306:
302:
295:
291:
284:
280:
273:
269:
262:
258:
253:
240:
198:Windows NT 3.51
190:
93:and updated in
77:Windows domains
69:Windows NT 3.51
58:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2167:
2165:
2157:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2136:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2116:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2079:
2077:
2076:Implementation
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2027:
2021:
2019:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2006:
2000:
1998:
1991:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1866:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1849:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1827:
1821:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1759:
1753:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1726:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1688:
1682:
1677:
1671:
1665:
1659:
1653:
1647:
1640:
1638:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1618:
1611:
1603:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1580:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1546:
1540:
1534:
1528:
1522:
1516:
1513:OpenID Connect
1510:
1505:
1500:
1497:NT LAN Manager
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1473:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1449:
1438:
1433:
1427:
1421:
1419:
1415:Authentication
1411:
1410:
1408:
1407:
1401:
1395:
1389:
1383:
1377:
1371:
1365:
1358:
1356:
1353:Authentication
1350:
1349:
1346:Authentication
1344:
1342:
1341:
1334:
1327:
1319:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1270:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1258:
1253:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1216:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1178:
1176:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1120:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1092:
1091:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1038:
1028:
1022:
1020:
1018:Device drivers
1014:
1013:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
989:
987:
981:
980:
978:
977:
975:.NET Framework
972:
967:
962:
957:
951:
949:
943:
942:
940:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
907:Task Scheduler
904:
899:
894:
889:
883:
881:
875:
874:
872:
871:
866:
861:
855:
853:
849:
848:
846:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
803:Winsock Kernel
800:
799:
798:
787:
785:
781:
780:
778:
777:
772:
767:
762:
760:Sync Framework
757:
752:
747:
746:
745:
740:
735:
730:
719:
717:
713:
712:
710:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
668:
666:
662:
661:
659:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
612:
611:
606:
595:
593:
589:
588:
586:
585:
580:
575:
570:
568:DirectX plugin
565:
560:
554:
552:
548:
547:
545:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
473:
471:
467:
466:
461:
459:
458:
451:
444:
436:
430:
429:
424:
419:
412:
411:External links
409:
406:
405:
380:
369:
358:
347:
336:
325:
300:
289:
278:
267:
255:
254:
252:
249:
236:access control
189:
186:
185:
184:
177:
170:
159:single sign-on
151:
137:
127:
120:
109:single sign-on
102:
84:
57:
54:
43:authentication
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2166:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2032:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1988:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1870:Bouncy Castle
1868:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1838:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1809:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1763:
1762:OCSP stapling
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1714:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1697:OCSP stapling
1695:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1624:
1619:
1617:
1612:
1610:
1605:
1604:
1601:
1589:
1581:
1579:
1571:
1570:
1567:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1412:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1351:
1347:
1340:
1335:
1333:
1328:
1326:
1321:
1320:
1317:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1263:
1257:
1256:UI Automation
1254:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1244:Accessibility
1242:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
990:
988:
986:
982:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
952:
950:
948:
944:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
912:Offline Files
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
887:Win32 console
885:
884:
882:
876:
870:
867:
865:
864:Telephony API
862:
860:
859:Messaging API
857:
856:
854:
852:Communication
850:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
818:Windows Rally
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
797:
794:
793:
792:
789:
788:
786:
782:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
725:
724:
721:
720:
718:
714:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
669:
667:
663:
657:
654:
652:
651:Windows Media
649:
647:
644:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
610:
607:
605:
604:Media Objects
602:
601:
600:
597:
596:
594:
590:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
555:
553:
549:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
474:
472:
468:
464:
457:
452:
450:
445:
443:
438:
437:
434:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
414:
410:
395:on 2010-04-02
394:
390:
384:
381:
378:
373:
370:
367:
362:
359:
356:
351:
348:
345:
340:
337:
334:
329:
326:
314:
310:
304:
301:
298:
293:
290:
287:
282:
279:
276:
271:
268:
265:
260:
257:
250:
248:
246:
237:
233:
229:
228:impersonation
225:
220:
218:
213:
209:
207:
203:
199:
195:
187:
182:
178:
175:
171:
168:
164:
160:
156:
155:Windows Vista
152:
149:
145:
141:
138:
135:
131:
128:
125:
121:
118:
114:
110:
106:
103:
100:
96:
95:Windows Vista
92:
88:
85:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
63:
62:
61:
55:
53:
51:
46:
44:
40:
36:
32:
19:
1939:
1830:Secure Shell
1397:
1192:Composite UI
1105:
677:RSS Platform
397:. Retrieved
393:the original
383:
372:
361:
350:
339:
328:
317:. Retrieved
312:
303:
292:
281:
270:
259:
231:
221:
214:
210:
191:
105:NegotiateSSP
91:Windows 2000
81:Windows 2000
59:
47:
34:
30:
29:
1976:Convergence
1630:TLS and SSL
1492:LAN Manager
1274:DirectWrite
1182:EFx Factory
1139:Silverlight
917:Shadow Copy
716:Data access
621:DirectInput
563:DirectSound
558:DirectMusic
507:Silverlight
315:. Microsoft
97:to support
71:. Provides
39:Windows API
2138:Categories
2103:Heartbleed
1364:(BSD Auth)
1084:Crypto API
902:PowerShell
880:management
843:DirectPlay
784:Networking
707:TypeScript
626:DirectShow
592:Multimedia
578:Speech API
497:GDI / GDI+
399:2009-12-22
319:2020-08-05
251:References
202:Windows 95
188:Comparison
144:Windows XP
140:Digest SSP
2098:goto fail
1910:MatrixSSL
1875:BoringSSL
1646:(TLS/SSL)
1521:protocols
1482:IndieAuth
1417:protocols
1304:Uniscribe
985:Libraries
932:Event Log
204:with the
181:Windows 7
117:Windows 7
79:prior to
56:Providers
2034:Protocol
1964:Notaries
1940:SChannel
1915:mbed TLS
1905:LibreSSL
1890:cryptlib
1820:(DNSSEC)
1811:See also
1578:Category
1539:(RADIUS)
1487:Kerberos
1465:Diameter
1460:CRAM-MD5
1376:(GSSAPI)
1230:Remoting
1134:Remoting
1077:Security
687:VBScript
487:Direct3D
482:Direct2D
87:Kerberos
1955:wolfSSL
1950:stunnel
1935:s2n-tls
1925:OpenSSL
1840:History
1826:(IPsec)
1588:Commons
1560:Woo–Lam
1447:MS-CHAP
1443:(CHAP)
1370:(eAuth)
1267:support
1129:ADO.NET
1124:ASP.NET
1089:CAPICOM
965:ActiveX
828:P2P API
791:Winsock
733:ADO.NET
682:JScript
599:DirectX
583:XAudio2
241:seteuid
206:NTLMSSP
130:TLS/SSL
65:NTLMSSP
2113:POODLE
2066:POODLE
2061:Logjam
2046:BREACH
2018:Cipher
1997:Theory
1945:SSLeay
1930:Rustls
1895:GnuTLS
1758:(OCSP)
1725:(ACME)
1693:(HPKP)
1687:(HSTS)
1670:(DANE)
1664:(ALPN)
1652:(DTLS)
1555:TACACS
1545:(RACF)
1533:(PEAP)
1515:(OIDC)
1508:OpenID
1499:(NTLM)
1406:(XUDA)
1400:(SSPI)
1394:(SASL)
1382:(JAAS)
838:MS MPI
743:OLE DB
672:MSHTML
616:Xinput
2093:FREAK
2056:DROWN
2051:CRIME
2041:BEAST
1885:BSAFE
1880:Botan
1832:(SSH)
1793:(PKI)
1752:(CRL)
1680:HTTPS
1676:(CAA)
1658:(SNI)
1551:(SRP)
1527:(PAP)
1503:OAuth
1478:(HIP)
1472:(EAP)
1456:(CAS)
1432:(AKA)
1388:(PAM)
1220:MSRPC
770:MSXML
551:Audio
512:WinUI
1900:JSSE
1777:(EV)
1771:(DV)
1731:(CA)
1425:ACF2
1355:APIs
1116:.NET
1053:NDIS
1048:WDDM
1041:UMDF
1036:KMDF
960:COM+
833:MSMQ
823:BITS
813:NDIS
738:ODBC
573:XACT
542:WinG
232:full
224:IETF
200:and
165:for
161:and
148:SASL
73:NTLM
35:SSPI
18:SSPI
1920:NSS
1235:WCF
1212:IPC
1202:CSF
1197:CCF
1159:WPF
1154:WCS
1149:WCF
1144:TPL
1068:VxD
1063:BDA
1058:UAA
1031:WDF
1026:WDM
955:COM
869:WCF
796:LSP
775:OPC
728:ADO
697:XDR
692:BHO
665:Web
646:XNA
502:WPF
124:ECC
99:AES
2140::
1164:WF
311:.
247:.
132:–
45:.
1622:e
1615:t
1608:v
1338:e
1331:t
1324:v
455:e
448:t
441:v
402:.
176:.
169:.
33:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.