91:. The company landed a firefighting team on the tanker, which extinguished fires on board by 21 December but were unable to immediately repair the hull breach, estimated to measure 60 feet (18 m) by 90 feet (27 m). Both Spain and Morocco denied requests to tow the vessel into calmer waters off their coasts, which Smit Tak said prolonged efforts to repair the breach in heavy seas, although repeated efforts in December to take
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808:
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in tow, and had brought her about 110 miles (180 km) off the
Moroccan coast, bound southwest towards calmer seas. The company's workers finally sealed the hull breach after an estimated 70,000 tons of oil had spilled from the tanker. After being denied entry to Portuguese waters at the island
106:
attempted to contain the leaking oil, but their efforts proved largely ineffective, and on 1 January 1990, Morocco made a public request for aid from
Britain, France, Spain, and Portugal. When the government made its appeal, the leading edge of the oil slick was about 17 miles (27 km) offshore
111:
was adrift about 45 miles (72 km) from shore. During the first days of
January, several hundred responders from Morocco and Europe used chemicals to break apart the slick, laid barriers to stop the spread, and pulled oil from the water. Their efforts, combined with natural dispersion of the
83:
when her hull ruptured, triggering an explosion. Two of the ship's fourteen oil tanks were breached, and the 35 crewmembers abandoned ship, later to be rescued by the Soviet Union cargo ship
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later said that the operation had also been delayed during this time while Smit Tak negotiated with the
Iranian state-owned oil company over payment for their services.
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47:. She was 339.6 metres (1,114 ft 2 in) long, with a beam of 53.6 metres (175 ft 10 in), and measured 384,632
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112:
slick by waves and evaporation in sunny weather, meant that the majority of the oil had dispersed before reaching shore.
416:
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was again taken under tow, this time north towards Europe for repairs. She returned to service and was renamed
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87:. Shortly after the explosion, Smit Tak, a Dutch marine salvage company, was engaged to recover
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under tow anyway resulted in failure when tow cables snapped. French environmental minister
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51:. She was powered by a single steam turbine engine that gave her a service speed of 15.5
27:
after she suffered a hull breach on 19 December in the mid
Atlantic Ocean off of Morocco.
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from the
Moroccan coast and was about 230 square miles (600 km) in area, and
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59:, when she was bombed three times by Iraqi warplanes. In 1986, she was named
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20:
19:
In late
December 1989 and early January 1990, an estimated 70,000 tons of
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was sailing in heavy weather about 400 miles (640 km) north of the
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55:(28.7 km/h; 17.8 mph). She sustained damage during the
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in 1991, and operated under that name until she was broken up at
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360:. United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
391:"Workers Say Moroccan Oil Spill Could Have Been Halted Sooner"
307:"Pollution Expert Says Oil Danger Passed in Moroccan Spill"
209:"Morocco Pleads for Aid as Oil From Huge Spill Nears Coast"
140:
In early
February, the 190,000 tons of oil remaining on
657:
496:
243:
443:"Kharg 5 unloads oil onto another Iranian tanker"
43:, Japan, and entered service in October 1975 as
445:. United Press International. 12 February 1990
332:"MOROCCO SAYS CLEANUP IS CONTAINING OIL SPILL"
102:During the following weeks, the government of
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8:
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469:
461:
276:
274:
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491:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1989
417:"Portugal Turns Away Damaged Iran Tanker"
16:1989 hull breach of an Iranian oil tanker
39:was built by Sasebo Heavy Industries of
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144:was transferred to the Iranian tanker
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79:and 112 miles (180 km) west of
23:spilled from the Iranian oil tanker
836:Oil spills in international waters
309:. Associated Press. 4 January 1990
14:
115:By 3 January, Smit Tak had taken
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1:
284:. Maclean's. 15 January 1990
124:, Smit Tak continued towing
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841:Maritime incidents in 1989
801:
282:"Fear of the black wrath"
776:October (unknown date):
578:June (unknown date):
180:by some publications.
160:, in September 2001.
71:On 19 December 1989,
336:The Washington Post
421:The New York Times
395:The New York Times
254:Miramar Ship Index
213:The New York Times
130:Cape Verde Islands
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550:K-278 Komsomolets
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815:
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718:turret explosion
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176:Also spelled
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97:Brice Lalonde
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57:Iran–Iraq War
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45:Chase Venture
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26:
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789:
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769:Pennsylvania
768:
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748:Ross Revenge
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728:Maxim Gorkiy
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697:Exxon Valdez
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447:. Retrieved
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425:. Retrieved
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399:. Retrieved
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362:. Retrieved
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340:. Retrieved
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311:. Retrieved
286:. Retrieved
257:. Retrieved
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217:. Retrieved
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139:
128:towards the
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101:
92:
88:
84:
72:
70:
60:
44:
36:
34:
24:
18:
793:(oil spill)
621:USCGC
592:Marchioness
830:Categories
498:Shipwrecks
249:(7377359)"
188:References
31:Background
778:HMS
767:USS
711:USS
702:oil spill
687:Oregon II
676:San Diego
674:USS
667:USS
632:HMS
602:Mogoșoaia
580:USS
571:Moby Dick
559:USS
540:Maassluis
518:USS
449:20 August
427:20 August
401:20 August
364:20 August
358:"Khark 5"
342:20 August
313:20 August
288:20 August
259:20 August
219:20 August
136:Aftermath
21:crude oil
787:19 Dec:
765:29 Sep:
758:Bowbelle
755:20 Aug:
745:19 Aug:
735:25 Jun:
725:19 Jun:
709:19 Apr:
694:24 Mar:
683:16 Mar:
665:17 Jan:
647:Tze Yang
623:Mesquite
609:29 Oct:
599:10 Sep:
589:20 Aug:
568:24 May:
557:25 Apr:
537:15 Feb:
527:28 Jan:
520:Muliphen
516:21 Jan:
154:Koohrang
67:Incident
790:Khark 5
780:Spartan
669:Norfolk
634:Leander
619:4 Dec:
561:Parsons
547:8 Apr:
506:7 Jan:
178:Kharg 5
150:Khark 5
146:Shirkuh
142:Khark 5
126:Khark 5
122:Madeira
117:Khark 5
109:Khark 5
104:Morocco
93:Khark 5
89:Khark 5
81:Morocco
73:Khark 5
61:Khark 5
37:Khark 5
25:Khark 5
685:NOAAS
640:YO-257
612:Murree
582:Blenny
148:, and
41:Sasebo
738:K-131
645:ROCS
509:Lavia
164:Notes
85:Sarny
53:knots
817:1990
804:1988
713:Iowa
451:2020
429:2020
403:2020
366:2020
344:2020
315:2020
290:2020
261:2020
221:2020
120:of
49:DWT
35:SS
832::
672:,
643:,
637:,
419:.
393:.
374:^
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323:^
298:^
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229:^
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196:^
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63:.
720:)
716:(
704:)
700:(
484:e
477:t
470:v
453:.
431:.
405:.
368:.
346:.
317:.
292:.
263:.
245:"
223:.
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