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The PDP-6 Monitor software was first released in 1964. Support for the PDP-10's KA10 processor was added to the
Monitor in release 2.18 in 1967. The TOPS-10 name was first used in 1970 for release 5.01. Release 6.01 (May 1974) was the first TOPS-10 to implement
276:. UUOs implemented operating system calls in a way that made them look like machine instructions. The Monitor Call API was very much ahead of its time, like most of the operating system, and made system programming on DECsystem-10s simple and powerful.
617:(demand paging), enabling programs larger than physical memory to be run. From release 7.00 onwards, symmetrical multiprocessing was available (as opposed to the master/slave arrangement used before). The final release of TOPS-10 was 7.04 in 1988.
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supported prioritized run queues, and appended a process onto a queue depending on its priority. The system also included User file and Device independence.
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236:-type game. Users at terminals typed in commands and fought each other in real time. TOPS-10 was also the home of the original Multi User Dungeon,
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TOPS-20 was a name, not a direct followup to TOPS-10. TOPS-20 is, however, related to TENEX, which stands for TEN EXteneded
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93:
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maintained several publicly accessible historic computer systems, including a DECsystem-2065 running TOPS-10.
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51:
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879:
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261:. This application showed the potential of multi-user communication and led to the development of
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The following programming languages were implemented on TOPS-10 as contributions from
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family. Launched in 1967, TOPS-10 evolved from the earlier "Monitor" software for the
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was heavily influenced by TOPS-10. Identical elements include three characters long
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Hobbyists are now entitled to set up and use TOPS-10 under a
Hobbyist's License.
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2010:
639:
262:
39:
930:
636:. TOPS-10 may also be generated from archived original distribution "tapes".
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1969:
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17:
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that allowed users to converse with one another in what is now known as a
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The easiest way for the hobbyist to run TOPS-10 is to acquire a suitable
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691:, as BLISS-10 and BLISS-36, compilers used for systems programming
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697:, as COBOL-68 and COBOL-74, compilers used for business computing
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The following major user utilities were implemented on TOPS-10:
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868:, several standard extensions (e.g., EXE, TXT), the asterisk (
679:, as APL-SF V2, an interpreter used for mathematical modelling
1116:
685:, as BASIC-10 v17F, an interpreter used for general computing
703:, as FORTRAN-10 v11, a compiler used for numerical computing
207:
and PDP-10 computers; this was renamed to TOPS-10 in 1970.
1387:"Why Does Windows Really Use Backslash as Path Separator?"
673:, as ALGOL-10 v10B, a compiler used for general computing
219:
and allowed the development of one of the first true
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1983:
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251:. This application was perhaps the first so-called
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66:
50:
38:
992:"Home hobbyist license for Digital's 36b software"
666:were implemented on TOPS-10 as layered products:
1260:. Digital Equipment Corporation. February 1974
247:Another groundbreaking application was called
2387:
1433:
1340:. Digital Equipment Corporation. October 1985
659:, was bundled with the TOPS-10 distribution.
8:
1313:. Digital Equipment Corporation. August 1981
1206:. Digital Equipment Corporation. August 1979
973:. Digital Equipment Corporation. August 1980
769:, a compiler implemented by Essex University
272:(API) that used a mechanism called a UUO or
33:
1286:. Digital Equipment Corporation. April 1983
1233:. Digital Equipment Corporation. March 1974
1179:. Digital Equipment Corporation. April 1977
763:, an interpreter used for string processing
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2380:
2372:
1512:
1490:
1440:
1426:
1418:
32:
1367:. Digital Equipment Corporation. May 1985
741:, a compiler used for computing education
1334:TOPS-10/TOPS-20 COBOL-74 Language Manual
1307:TOPS-10/TOPS-20 COBOL-68 Language Manual
967:TOPS-10 Operating System Commands Manual
735:, an interpreter used for AI programming
1361:TOPS-10/TOPS-20 FORTRAN Language Manual
925:
923:
919:
1254:BLISS-10 Programmer′s Reference Manual
2450:Compatible Time-Sharing System (CTSS)
7:
2356:
2049:Digital Storage Systems Interconnect
1227:BASIC Conversational Language Manual
809:Notable games implemented on TOPS-10
2123:Dynamically Redefined Character Set
2069:Synchronous Backplane Interconnect
888:) as a switch separator and more.
25:
1017:"Computer Simulation and History"
724:, a threaded interpreted language
651:Implemented programming languages
270:application programming interface
2628:
2627:
2355:
2346:
2345:
2336:
2335:
2465:Cray Time Sharing System (CTSS)
2263:Maintenance Operations Protocol
1117:"Notes on DEC PDP-10 Emulation"
27:Operating system for DEC PDP-10
2660:Time-sharing operating systems
757:, a compiler used for modeling
1:
2417:Time-sharing system evolution
2153:Mass Storage Control Protocol
1449:Digital Equipment Corporation
785:(Records Management Services)
193:Digital Equipment Corporation
45:Digital Equipment Corporation
2243:Digital Federal Credit Union
1465:(founder and CEO, 1957–1992)
834:, an early role-playing game
791:(Interactive Query language)
274:Unimplemented User Operation
240:, the forerunner to today's
2435:Berkeley Timesharing System
2287:Sequence and Batch Language
2248:Dynamic debugging technique
100:; 36 years ago
80:; 54 years ago
2681:
2278:Record Management Services
2064:Standard Disk Interconnect
802:Database Management System
774:Implemented user utilities
295:are supported by TOPS-10.
268:TOPS-10 had a very robust
2623:
2425:
2412:
2331:
2312:The Ultimate Entrepreneur
1488:
1092:"PDP-10 software archive"
1067:"TOPS-10 pre-built image"
931:"TOPS-10 Release History"
1975:DIGITAL Command Language
1173:Algol Programmer's Guide
1096:pdp-10.trailing-edge.com
2430:BBN Time-Sharing System
2301:Systems Research Center
2296:System Reference Manual
1046:klh10.trailing-edge.com
1042:"KLH10 PDP-10 Emulator"
655:The TOPS-10 assembler,
2268:On-line Debugging Tool
1200:APL-SF Language Manual
1021:simh.trailing-edge.com
291:The following list of
230:, was a text-oriented
141:Command-line interface
2655:DEC operating systems
664:programming languages
156:Free for personal use
98:7.04 / July 1988
2258:Local Area Transport
2016:National Replacement
1280:BLISS Language Guide
226:. The game, called
187:) is a discontinued
2118:Digital Linear Tape
1477:(VP of engineering)
1142:"CLASSIC COMPUTING"
1071:www.steubentech.com
878:, the usage of the
35:
2341:Computers template
846:Richard Greenblatt
265:chat application.
215:TOPS-10 supported
201:mainframe computer
199:(or DECsystem-10)
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2641:
2406:operating systems
2369:
2368:
1672:
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952:"The Decwar Page"
632:and an operating
160:
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16:(Redirected from
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2530:ORVYL and WYLBUR
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2358:
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2339:
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2133:Flip-Chip module
2026:Special Graphics
1513:
1494:
1483:(CEO, 1992–1998)
1442:
1435:
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1412:
1409:
1403:
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1389:. Archived from
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1152:on 17 April 2007
1148:. Archived from
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828:, as noted above
822:, as noted above
189:operating system
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88:
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36:
30:Operating system
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1995:(Multinational)
1979:
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1506:
1502:
1501:Instruction set
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1469:Harlan Anderson
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866:file extensions
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608:Release history
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75:Initial release
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2197:Related topics
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2018:
2013:
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2005:Code page 1288
2002:
1999:Code page 1287
1996:
1993:Code page 1100
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1985:Character sets
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1559:MicroVAX 78032
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1393:on 26 May 2019
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662:The following
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615:virtual memory
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224:computer games
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195:(DEC) for the
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136:user interface
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94:Latest release
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42:
29:
26:
24:
14:
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10:
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4:
3:
2:
2677:
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2665:1964 software
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2440:Burroughs MCP
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621:TOPS-10 today
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67:Working state
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2403:Time-sharing
2310:
2218:
2178:Star coupler
2074:TURBOchannel
1920:Digital UNIX
1842:
1471:(co-founder)
1407:
1395:. Retrieved
1391:the original
1381:
1371:September 6,
1369:. Retrieved
1360:
1354:
1344:September 6,
1342:. Retrieved
1333:
1327:
1317:September 6,
1315:. Retrieved
1306:
1300:
1290:September 6,
1288:. Retrieved
1279:
1273:
1262:. Retrieved
1253:
1247:
1237:September 6,
1235:. Retrieved
1226:
1220:
1210:September 6,
1208:. Retrieved
1199:
1193:
1183:September 6,
1181:. Retrieved
1172:
1166:
1154:. Retrieved
1150:the original
1145:
1136:
1124:. Retrieved
1120:
1111:
1099:. Retrieved
1095:
1086:
1074:. Retrieved
1070:
1061:
1049:. Retrieved
1045:
1036:
1024:. Retrieved
1020:
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999:. Retrieved
995:
986:
975:. Retrieved
966:
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946:
934:. Retrieved
884:
870:
860:
777:
706:
661:
654:
638:
634:system image
627:
624:
611:
290:
279:The TOPS-10
278:
273:
267:
263:CompuServe's
254:CB Simulator
252:
248:
246:
231:
214:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
166:
162:
161:
114:Available in
70:Discontinued
18:SYSTAT (DEC)
1930:Programming
1643:Alpha 21464
1638:Alpha 21364
1633:Alpha 21264
1623:Alpha 21164
1606:Alpha 21064
1475:Gordon Bell
844:program by
221:multiplayer
153:Proprietary
2649:Categories
2445:CDC Kronos
2236:HP-Interex
1659:MicroPRISM
1508:processors
1456:Key people
1264:2019-02-17
977:2019-02-17
936:10 January
914:References
640:Paul Allen
52:Written in
2209:AltaVista
2113:DECwriter
2084:VAXBI bus
2031:Technical
2007:(Turkish)
1970:VAX MACRO
1932:languages
1818:Operating
1700:VT50/VT52
1680:terminals
1664:StrongARM
1463:Ken Olsen
996:inwap.com
711:members:
529:RESOURCES
435:JCONTINUE
391:E(xamine)
375:DIRECTORY
344:D(eposit)
312:CCONTINUE
306:BACKSPACE
281:scheduler
259:chat room
233:Star Trek
123:Platforms
40:Developer
2634:Category
2505:MUSIC/SP
2351:Category
2220:CPU Wars
2138:Gold key
2095:hardware
2021:RADIX 50
1960:MACRO-11
1955:MACRO-10
1678:Computer
1156:19 April
1126:19 April
1121:asun.net
1101:19 April
1076:19 April
1051:19 April
1026:19 April
1001:19 April
892:See also
876:wildcard
838:Mac Hack
657:MACRO-10
646:Software
630:emulator
520:REATTACH
517:REASSIGN
494:PRESERVE
382:DISMOUNT
358:DEASSIGN
318:CONTINUE
293:commands
287:Commands
211:Overview
178:erating
165:System (
57:MACRO-10
2575:TOPS-20
2570:TOPS-10
2525:OpenVMS
2500:Multics
2361:Commons
2273:PALcode
2158:PALcode
2128:Firefly
2108:DECtape
2103:DECtalk
2054:Massbus
2001:(Greek)
1940:BASIC-8
1900:VAX/VMS
1895:TOPS-20
1843:TOPS-10
1820:systems
1627:21164PC
903:TOPS-20
874:) as a
799:CODASYL
795:DBMS-10
701:Fortran
603:History
591:VERSION
588:USESTAT
523:REENTER
502:PROTECT
470:NETWORK
403:EXECUTE
379:DISABLE
347:DAYTIME
315:COMPILE
242:MMORPGs
163:TOPS-10
148:License
134:Default
118:English
105:1988-07
103: (
83: (
34:TOPS-10
2632:
2610:VPS/VM
2605:VP/CSS
2550:RSTS/E
2535:OS4000
2520:NOS/VE
2460:CP/CMS
2306:TD/SMP
2226:DECnet
2214:Compaq
2093:Other
2079:Unibus
2011:Hebrew
1910:Ultrix
1905:VAXELN
1890:DSM-11
1878:RSX-11
1873:RSTS/E
1863:DOS-11
1848:RSX-15
1833:4K DMS
1828:DECsys
1804:(1994)
1798:(1993)
1792:(1990)
1790:VT1000
1786:(1990)
1770:(1987)
1754:(1983)
1718:(1978)
1702:(1975)
1696:(1972)
1690:(1970)
1581:Mariah
1524:LSI-11
1517:PDP-11
1397:25 May
898:PDP-10
862:MS-DOS
857:Legacy
820:DECWAR
815:ADVENT
761:SNOBOL
755:Simula
739:Pascal
585:UNLOAD
577:TPUNCH
566:SYSTAT
563:SUBMIT
532:REWIND
526:RENAME
511:QUOLST
488:PLEASE
479:NSSAVE
450:LOCATE
432:INITIA
412:FINISH
406:FILCOM
397:ENABLE
371:DETACH
367:DELETE
341:CSTART
335:CREDIR
332:CREATE
329:CPUNCH
309:BACKUP
303:ATTACH
300:ASSIGN
228:DECWAR
197:PDP-10
127:PDP-10
2615:WAITS
2585:TSS/8
2555:TENEX
2510:NLTSS
2490:MCTSS
2323:WPS-8
2318:VT640
2291:Sixel
2283:ReGIS
2253:FX!32
2231:DECUS
2204:AdvFS
2148:LK421
2143:LK201
2059:Q-Bus
1965:MUMPS
1950:FOCAL
1945:DIBOL
1868:RT-11
1853:TSS/8
1808:VT525
1802:VT520
1796:VT510
1784:VT420
1779:VT340
1774:VT330
1768:VT320
1763:VT241
1758:VT240
1752:VT220
1747:VT180
1742:VT131
1737:VT105
1732:VT103
1727:VT102
1722:VT101
1716:VT100
1652:Other
1616:21068
1611:21066
1598:Alpha
1576:Rigel
1365:(PDF)
1338:(PDF)
1311:(PDF)
1284:(PDF)
1258:(PDF)
1231:(PDF)
1204:(PDF)
1177:(PDF)
971:(PDF)
908:WAITS
880:slash
842:chess
832:HAUNT
826:FORUM
750:SAM76
745:PILOT
728:IMP72
722:Forth
716:FOCAL
709:DECUS
695:COBOL
689:BLISS
683:BASIC
671:ALGOL
594:WHERE
559:START
546:SCHED
543:SSAVE
508:QUEUE
505:PUNCH
498:PRINT
482:OPSER
476:NSAVE
466:MOUNT
459:MERGE
453:LOGIN
441:LABEL
415:FUDGE
362:DEBUG
350:DCORE
249:FORUM
205:PDP-6
191:from
182:ystem
174:otal
61:BLISS
2590:Unix
2565:TSOS
2540:Pick
2485:LTSS
2475:EMAS
2470:DTSS
2188:TU81
2173:RL02
2168:RK05
2163:RA90
1915:MICA
1858:OS/8
1711:VT62
1706:VT55
1694:GT40
1688:VT05
1588:NVAX
1564:CVAX
1554:V-11
1536:J-11
1531:T-11
1527:F-11
1399:2019
1373:2018
1346:2018
1319:2018
1292:2018
1239:2018
1212:2018
1185:2018
1158:2018
1128:2018
1103:2018
1078:2018
1053:2018
1028:2018
1003:2018
938:2014
840:, a
767:BCPL
733:Lisp
597:ZERO
581:TYPE
574:TIME
570:TECO
555:SKIP
549:SEND
540:SAVE
491:PLOT
485:PJOB
473:NODE
456:MAKE
447:LOAD
444:LIST
438:KJOB
428:HELP
424:HALT
421:GLOB
409:FILE
394:EDIT
388:DUMP
338:CREF
326:CORE
322:COPY
85:1970
78:1970
2595:UTS
2580:TSS
2560:TSO
2545:RAX
2515:NOS
2495:MTS
2480:ITS
2455:COS
1883:IAS
1838:COS
1569:SOC
1546:VAX
851:MUD
789:IQL
783:RMS
677:APL
552:SET
536:RUN
462:MIC
418:GET
400:EOF
385:DSK
354:DDT
238:MUD
184:-10
2651::
2600:VM
1144:.
1119:.
1094:.
1069:.
1044:.
1019:.
994:.
922:^
244:.
176:Op
59:,
2395:e
2388:t
2381:v
1629:)
1625:(
1505:,
1441:e
1434:t
1427:v
1401:.
1375:.
1348:.
1321:.
1294:.
1267:.
1241:.
1214:.
1187:.
1160:.
1130:.
1105:.
1080:.
1055:.
1030:.
1005:.
980:.
954:.
940:.
885:/
882:(
871:*
804:)
797:(
514:R
180:S
172:T
168:T
107:)
87:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.