872:, recently arrived to command the French armies in Italy, ordered the city to surrender; when it refused, he attacked it with around 12,000 men. The French attack took place in pouring rain, through a field of mud; Foix ordered his men to remove their shoes for better traction. The defenders inflicted heavy casualties on the French, but were eventually overrun, suffering 8,000 – 15,000 casualties. The
1219:, suffered severe injuries, a Navarrese cannonball shattering his leg. It is said that after the battle the Navarrese so admired his bravery that they carried him all the way back to his home in Loyola. His meditations during his long recovery set him on the road of a conversion of life from soldier to priest. He would eventually found the
1215:. Most Navarrese towns rose at once against the Spanish, who had invaded Navarre in 1512. The Spanish resisted the siege sheltered inside the city castle, but they eventually surrendered and the French-Navarrese took control of the town and the castle of Pamplona. It was at this battle that Inigo Lopez de Loyola, better known as
2135:
1793:
1089:
393:
169:
623:
1471:
1417:. Although Avalos heavily looted the surrounding countryside, he was unsuccessful in seizing the city; and, faced with the arrival of French reinforcements, called off the siege in September.
746:
Early
February 1508: Maximilian declared war on Venice. Venice requested France, then still their ally, to send aid, which Chaumont did in the form of several thousand troops from Milan.
2128:
1786:
1082:
386:
162:
616:
1464:
52:
2121:
1779:
1075:
379:
155:
609:
1457:
482:
September 1499: Venetian invasion of the Duchy of Milan and anti-Sforza revolt inside the city of Milan; the rebels opened the gates to the
Venetian army commanded by
1349:
besieged the French forces defending the
Italian city. Since Genoa had refused to surrender, the Imperial troops were permitted to loot the city once it had fallen.
1041:
981:
2024:
maintained an observing position at Jalons. On 17 August the town surrendered. Charles elected not to attack the
Dauphin's army and instead pressed on to
2017:, was wounded on 14 July and died 15 July. On 23 July French outposts near the besieged town were overrun, but a French army under the command of the
1224:
1356:
1168:
2254:. Spanish-Imperial victory over France. The Imperials razed Thérouanne to the ground on the orders of Charles V in revenge for the defeat at Metz.
1600:
289:
45:
995:. Spanish and Imperial victory over Venice (allied with France). Also known as the Battle of Schio, Vicenza or Creazzo. A Venetian army under
2652:
2624:
2535:
2716:
2080:
1882:
1383:
940:(Flodden Field, Branxton). English victory over Scotland (allied with France). Scotland abandoned France and left the war. The kingdoms of
1257:
1212:
902:
687:
2066:
2059:
1872:
1867:
2041:
973:
1707:
1560:
1421:
1183:
2695:
2670:
2608:
2590:
2565:
2550:
880:
then proceeded to thoroughly sack the city, massacring thousands of civilians over the next five days. Following this, the city of
38:
1500:
2721:
968:
to encourage him to fulfil his obligations, in the hope that this would draw
English resources away from the invasion of France.
945:
662:
869:
1352:
30 June 1522: Battle of San
Marcial. Spanish partisans defeat the French backed Navarrese at Monte Aldabe near Behobia Castle.
972:
crossed the border with a force of some 35,000 men, including 5,000 French advisers. He was opposed by an
English force under
1595:
1346:
403:
367:
79:
1994:
1291:
2145:
2109:
1803:
1767:
1730:
1099:
1063:
976:. During the Battle of Flodden, the Scottish army was heavily defeated, losing some 9,000 men and many nobles, including
179:
143:
114:
109:
104:
94:
74:
2285:
2194:
1402:
1321:
1148:
780:
March–May 1508: Successful
Venetian counter-offensives into Imperial territory. The Venetians captured Trieste on 6 May.
633:
597:
84:
2309:
2209:
1979:
1847:
1481:
1445:
584:
464:
99:
1316:
1227:, which is the basis for the idea of "retreats" as an experience of prayer as practiced in the Roman Catholic Church.
1138:
2302:
2258:
2204:
2179:
1965:
1837:
1613:
1363:
1275:
1173:
258:
2094:
1892:
1163:
2230:
2164:
1920:
1817:
1676:
1535:
1394:
1178:
992:
837:
717:
672:
570:
547:
454:
1608:
1505:
892:
682:
542:
309:
213:
1658:
1620:
1550:
1510:
2031:
1857:
2223:
2159:
1945:
1267:
1133:
1128:
996:
916:
909:
697:
692:
518:
427:
1143:
2578:
2295:
2237:
2199:
2174:
1959:
1832:
1652:
1540:
1216:
754:
483:
343:
228:
2251:
2037:
1986:
1927:
1862:
1852:
1664:
1583:
1530:
1495:
1334:
1158:
953:
556:
449:
277:
203:
1688:
1565:
208:
1682:
1545:
1231:
1118:
264:
198:
2244:
2169:
2073:
2010:
1906:
1877:
1633:
1520:
1342:
1310:
977:
969:
965:
2045:
1639:
1525:
740:
July 1506 – March 1507: A popular revolt in Genoa expelled the city's pro-French nobility to Savona.
490:
422:
355:
238:
2596:
2087:
1934:
1887:
1822:
1711:
1701:
1627:
1588:
1555:
1515:
1432:
1406:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1113:
1018:
1000:
961:
941:
923:
805:
791:
722:
702:
667:
652:
577:
525:
459:
432:
299:
2265:
2184:
2021:
1972:
1842:
1718:
1669:
1570:
1410:
1208:
865:
511:
5 February 1500: Ludovico Sforza's Swiss mercenary army retook the city of Milan from the French.
318:
218:
1237:
1123:
1693:
2691:
2666:
2648:
2620:
2604:
2586:
2561:
2546:
2531:
2018:
2002:
1990:
1949:
1398:
1375:
1371:
1338:
1327:
1298:
1271:
1249:
1153:
937:
712:
495:
327:
252:
223:
193:
2014:
1911:
1379:
1253:
1245:
1220:
774:
647:
2272:
2189:
2050:
1428:
1188:
957:
857:
761:
677:
505:
349:
233:
1644:
269:
930:
798:
707:
657:
563:
444:
2281:
20 April - 15 May 1557: Siege of
Civitella. The French unsuccessful siege the Spanish.
2710:
2560:. Translated by Isola van den Hoven-Vardon. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.
1941:
1827:
1263:
29 August–12 September 1521. Imperial forces unsuccessfully siege the French in Parma
1034:
949:
501:
89:
2005:. Charles V himself joined the siege arrived with an army of 14,100 (including 1600
2633:
877:
336:
62:
2401:, 421. Baumgartner gives 8,000 as a minimal estimate, while Norwich gives 15,000.
814:
July 1510: The Pope and Venice formed an alliance and went on a counter-offensive.
743:
22–29 April 1507: Siege of Genoa. French victory over the
Genoese revolutionaries.
2660:
2527:
1367:
952:, reflected in a defensive treaty signed between the two kingdoms in 1512. When
2585:. Translated by Sydney Alexander. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984.
1330:. Imperial–Spanish and Papal victory over France, Venice and Swiss mercenaries.
601:
17:
1998:
1449:
1916:. Guelders-Cleves (allied with France) victory over Imperial-Brabantine army.
1414:
767:
24 February 1508: Skirmish at Chiusa di Venas, Imperial victory over Venice.
371:
2113:
1771:
1067:
147:
2268:
or Scannagallo. Decisive Florentine-Spanish victory over Siena and France.
2025:
1387:
1306:
1241:
1204:
1047:
April 1517: Siege of the Mondolfo castle. Urbinate victory over the Pope.
1021:(Melegnano). Decisive Franco-Venetian victory over Switzerland and Milan.
295:
1286:; the siege was unsuccessful, and the determined French resistance gave
1302:
881:
873:
861:
843:
23 May 1511: French troops captured Bologna after an anti-Papal revolt.
750:
559:. Italian knights in Spanish service won a duel against French knights.
1982:. Imperial-Spanish victory over Italian mercenaries in French service.
1431:. Decisive Habsburg Spanish-Imperial victory over France; French king
2006:
1004:
2278:
September 1556: Spanish invasion and occupation of the Papal States.
2040:. French victory over an English-Burgundian (Habsburg) army led by
1748:
August 1536: Franco-Ottoman army and fleet failed to capture Genoa.
1305:, capturing it from the French in late November; it would remain a
964:
activated the treaty, sending arms, money and military advisers to
1050:? 1517: Battle of Monte Imperiale. Urbinate victory over the Pope.
1024:
4 October 1515: French troops captured Milan and dethroned Sforza.
885:
514:
21 March 1500: The Sforzescan army retook Novara from the French.
1953:
1278:), which was defended by French troops under the command of the
985:
811:
May 1510: French, Ferrarese, and Imperial troops invaded Venice.
2117:
1775:
1453:
1071:
1053:? 1517: Raids in Tuscany and Umbria. Papal victory over Urbino.
1040:
January 1517: Siege of Urbino. Urbinate victory over the Pope.
605:
375:
151:
34:
30:
898:
May 1512: Holy League troops drove French troops out of Milan.
285:
Mid-November – 28 November 1494: French occupation of Florence
2261:. Ottomans & French temporarily occupied most of Corsica.
2226:. Ottomans captured Tripoli from Maltese Knights Hospitaller.
864:
had revolted against French control, garrisoning itself with
749:
20–21 February 1508: Imperial troops invaded Venice, sacking
770:
27 February 1508: Imperials captured Castello di Botestagno.
2352:
2350:
1751:
Late 1536: Franco-Ottoman army captured Piedmontese towns.
1248:
troops defeated the Navarrese and French forces sent by
2291:
September 1557: Spanish occupation of the Papal States.
1745:
13 August 1536: Habsburg army captured Aix-en-Provence.
282:
8–9 November 1494: Florentine revolt against de' Medici
1754:
Spring 1537: Battles of Lens, Arras, Crécy and Hesdin.
827:
17 August 1510: Papal–Venetian troops captured Modena.
531:
25 July 1501: Franco-Aragonese forces occupied Naples.
2662:
Henry VIII and Francis I: The Final Conflict, 1540–47
1930:. English victory over Scotland (allied with France).
999:
attempted to prevent the Spanish and Imperials under
830:
October 1510: French troops were repulsed at Bologna.
2638:
A History of the Art of War in the Sixteenth Century
2575:. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1937.
2055:(count of Roeulx, governor of Flanders and Artois).
1710:. Habsburg-Papal victory over Florence. End of the
2233:. French victory over Imperial-Spanish-Papal army.
846:Late May 1511: French troops recaptured Mirandola.
1341:under the command of the Italian/Spanish General
1424:. Habsburg Imperial-Spanish victory over France.
1378:inflicted a decisive defeat on the French under
1244:. A makeshift Spanish army consisting mostly of
926:(Guinegate). Anglo-Imperial victory over France.
2530:. New York: Smithsonian Books / Collins, 2006.
2288:. Hispano-Savoyard-English victory over France.
1203:20 May 1521: Battle of Pampeluna (also spelled
833:December 1510: Papal troops captured Concordia.
785:War of the League of Cambrai proper (1508–1510)
288:? 1495: French conquest and destruction of the
1042:Francesco Maria I della Rovere, Duke of Urbino
801:. Venetian victory over the League of Cambrai.
2129:
1787:
1465:
1083:
617:
387:
332:6–7 July 1495: Neapolitan recapture of Naples
163:
46:
8:
2526:. Smithsonian History of Warfare, edited by
2305:. French victory over Imperial-Spanish army.
2069:(2nd Boulogne). English victory over France.
2062:(1st Boulogne). English victory over France.
1975:. French victory over Hispano-Imperial army.
1309:possession until the French conquest of the
824:August 1510: Failed Papal attack on Ferrara.
598:War of the League of Cambrai § Timeline
2506:
2461:
2449:
2368:
2356:
2341:
2329:
2615:Mallett, Michael; Shaw, Christine (2012).
2136:
2122:
2114:
1968:. French victory over Anglo-Imperial army.
1794:
1780:
1772:
1472:
1458:
1450:
1359:. Spanish victory over France and Navarre.
1090:
1076:
1068:
1044:retook Urbino from occupying Papal troops.
860:. French victory over Venice. The city of
808:. Ferrarese (Cambrai) victory over Venice.
624:
610:
602:
587:. Spanish victory over France and Saluzzo.
394:
380:
372:
305:22 February 1495: French capture of Naples
170:
156:
148:
53:
39:
31:
2647:Volume 2. New York: Facts on File, 2005.
1742:July 1536: Habsburg invasion of Provence.
1739:3 April 1536: French army captured Turin.
1012:Francis I's First Italian War (1515–1516)
895:. Franco-Ferrarese victory over the Pope.
851:War of the Holy League proper (1511–1514)
368:Italian Wars of 1499–1504 § Timeline
314:11 June 1495: French occupation of Novara
1736:March 1536: French invasion of Piedmont.
144:Italian War of 1494–1495 § Timeline
2322:
1596:Papal occupation of the Sienese Maremma
1290:time to concentrate his forces against
1211:victory over Spanish troops during the
794:. French (Cambrai) victory over Venice.
335:6 July – 8 December 1495: Siege of the
2545:. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994.
2494:
1386:, forcing the latter to withdraw from
888:to the French to avoid a similar fate.
521:. French victory over Ludovico Sforza.
290:Castello di Monte San Giovanni Campano
2619:. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.
2001:at the beginning of its advance into
919:. Milanese–Swiss victory over France.
760:23 February 1508: Imperials captured
7:
2643:Phillips, Charles and Alan Axelrod.
2312:. Anglo-Spanish victory over France.
2275:. French victory over Imperial army.
2247:. French victory over Imperial army.
2240:. Franco-Ottoman victory over Genoa.
2081:French invasion of the Isle of Wight
1384:Francis de Bourbon, Comte de St. Pol
1297:November 1521: Siege of Tournai. An
1274:army besieged the city (now part of
777:. Venetian victory over the Emperor.
489:19 December 1499 – 12 January 1500:
2690:. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1973.
2640:. London: Methuen & Co., 1937.
1213:Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre
903:Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre
2688:The Art of War in Italy, 1494–1529
2243:19 October 1552 – 2 January 1553:
1706:24 October 1529 – 10 August 1530:
323:1 July 1495: Skirmish near Giarolo
25:
2603:. New York: Vintage Books, 1989.
2438:The Autobiography of St. Ignatius
2076:. Indecisive Anglo-French battle.
2009:) on 13 July. Imperial commander
1357:Siege of Fuenterrabía (1523–1524)
1007:, but was defeated and scattered.
257:17 October 1494: skirmishes near
1413:against the French defenders of
342:19 July – 21/24 September 1495:
2083:. English victory over France.
1317:Operation in Val Vestino (1521)
2665:. Leiden: Brill. p. 562.
2423:Guest, Ken, and Denise Guest,
2410:Guest, Ken, and Denise Guest,
2298:. French victory over England.
2097:. English victory over France.
2090:. English victory over France.
2067:Sieges of Boulogne (1544–1546)
2060:Sieges of Boulogne (1544–1546)
1937:. Spanish victory over France.
1923:. Spanish victory over France.
1420:October 1524 – February 1525:
1322:Battle of Vaprio d'Adda (1521)
1223:(the Jesuits), and create the
912:. English victory over France.
905:. Spanish victory over France.
580:. Spanish victory over France.
573:. Spanish victory over France.
566:. Spanish victory over France.
477:Second Italian War (1499–1501)
1:
2058:19 July – 14 September 1544:
2036:10 July – 25 September 1544:
1757:1537: Ottoman siege of Corfu.
1708:Siege of Florence (1529–1530)
1422:Italian campaign of 1524–1525
950:close diplomatic relationship
840:. Papal victory over Ferrara.
536:Third Italian War (1502–1504)
2558:Emperor Charles V, 1500–1558
2286:Battle of St. Quentin (1557)
2095:Battle of Beachy Head (1545)
1997:attacked the French city of
948:had traditionally enjoyed a
933:. Swiss victory over France.
635:War of the League of Cambrai
592:War of the League of Cambrai
552:. French victory over Spain.
339:(Maschio Angioino) in Naples
2717:Battles of the Italian Wars
2617:The Italian Wars: 1494–1559
2310:Battle of Gravelines (1558)
1980:Battle of Serravalle (1544)
1677:Neapolitan campaign of 1528
1483:War of the League of Cognac
1446:War of the League of Cognac
1440:War of the League of Cognac
1405:(who had recently betrayed
960:to campaign in France, the
585:Battle of Garigliano (1503)
2738:
2436:Saint Ignatius of Loyola,
2303:Siege of Thionville (1558)
2259:Invasion of Corsica (1553)
2107:
1966:Siege of Landrecies (1543)
1948:attacked and captured the
1765:
1728:
1609:Battle of Governolo (1526)
1443:
1364:Battle of the Sesia (1524)
1301:army besieged the city of
1061:
1032:
1003:from withdrawing from the
595:
500:. Franco-Papal victory by
365:
141:
2686:Taylor, Frederick Lewis.
2541:Baumgartner, Frederic J.
2301:17 April – 23 June 1558:
2250:11 April – 20 June 1553:
2231:Siege of Mirandola (1551)
2155:
1921:Siege of Perpignan (1542)
1813:
1491:
1395:Siege of Marseille (1524)
1366:. It was fought near the
1109:
993:Battle of La Motta (1513)
838:Siege of Mirandola (1511)
819:Ferrarese War (1510–1511)
643:
571:Battle of Seminara (1503)
543:Battle of Seminara (1502)
413:
405:Italian Wars of 1499–1504
362:Italian Wars of 1499–1504
189:
123:
70:
2229:July 1551 – March 1552:
2147:Italian War of 1551–1559
2110:Italian War of 1551–1559
2104:Italian War of 1551–1559
1805:Italian War of 1542–1546
1768:Italian War of 1542–1546
1762:Italian War of 1542–1546
1731:Italian War of 1536–1538
1725:Italian War of 1536–1538
1687:15 March – 28 May 1529:
1621:Italian campaign of 1527
1345:and Italian condottiero
1101:Italian War of 1521–1526
1064:Italian War of 1521–1526
1058:Italian War of 1521–1526
893:Battle of Ravenna (1512)
310:Battle of Rapallo (1495)
181:Italian War of 1494–1498
2722:Lists of battles by war
2579:Guicciardini, Francesco
2507:Mallett & Shaw 2012
2462:Mallett & Shaw 2012
2450:Mallett & Shaw 2012
2369:Mallett & Shaw 2012
2357:Mallett & Shaw 2012
2342:Mallett & Shaw 2012
2330:Mallett & Shaw 2012
2224:Siege of Tripoli (1551)
2032:Sack of Lagny-sur-Marne
1985:July – 17 August 1544:
1393:August–September 1524:
1240:or Noain-Esquiroz near
917:Battle of Novara (1513)
910:Battle of Saint-Mathieu
901:June 1512 – June 1515:
519:Battle of Novara (1500)
294:? 1495: French sack of
259:Sant'Agata sul Santerno
2659:Potter, David (2011).
2524:The Renaissance at War
2296:Siege of Calais (1558)
2238:Battle of Ponza (1552)
1653:Siege of Naples (1528)
1258:out of Iberian Navarre
1217:St. Ignatius of Loyola
1017:13–14 September 1515:
797:15–30 September 1509:
755:Castello di Botestagno
484:Gian Giacomo Trivulzio
344:Siege of Novara (1495)
138:Italian War of 1494–98
2645:Encyclopedia of Wars.
2108:Further information:
1987:Siege of Saint-Dizier
1928:Battle of Solway Moss
1919:July–September 1542:
1766:Further information:
1729:Further information:
1663:May – 8 August 1528:
1659:Battle of Capo d'Orso
1651:April – August 1528:
1444:Further information:
1335:Siege of Genoa (1522)
1230:25 May–11 June 1521:
1062:Further information:
1033:Further information:
929:8–13 September 1513:
596:Further information:
557:Challenge of Barletta
366:Further information:
142:Further information:
2597:Norwich, John Julius
2583:The History of Italy
2245:Siege of Metz (1552)
2074:Battle of the Solent
1960:Sack of Düren (1543)
1946:Franco-Ottoman force
1370:, where the Spanish-
1355:1523–29 April 1524:
1311:Austrian Netherlands
1276:Charleville-Mézières
997:Bartolomeo d'Alviano
966:James IV of Scotland
276:26–29 October 1494:
263:19–21 October 1494:
251:5–8 September 1494:
127:Full list of battles
2601:A History of Venice
2509:, pp. 276–277.
2475:Renaissance at War,
2284:10–27 August 1557:
2252:Siege of Thérouanne
2088:Battle of Bonchurch
1935:Battle of Muros Bay
1712:Florentine Republic
1702:Battle of Landriano
1632:1–12 October 1527:
1628:Sack of Rome (1527)
1284:Anne de Montmorency
1280:Chevalier de Bayard
1225:Spiritual Exercises
1019:Battle of Marignano
924:Battle of the Spurs
836:2–19 January 1511:
806:Battle of Polesella
792:Battle of Agnadello
735:Prelude (1506–1508)
703:Guinegate/The Spurs
578:Battle of Cerignola
300:Province of Viterbo
2571:Hackett, Francis.
2522:Arnold, Thomas F.
2497:, p. 178–180.
2479:Emperor Charles V,
2294:1–8 January 1558:
2266:Battle of Marciano
2038:Siege of Montreuil
1973:Battle of Ceresole
1940:6–22 August 1543:
1926:24 November 1542:
1905:July–August 1542:
1719:Battle of Gavinana
1665:Siege of Catanzaro
1657:28–29 April 1528:
1638:22–23 March 1528:
1607:25 November 1526:
1584:Battle of Camollia
1427:24 February 1525:
1411:Fernando de Avalos
1403:Charles de Bourbon
1397:. Conducted by an
974:the Earl of Surrey
936:9 September 1513:
856:18 February 1512:
804:22 December 1509:
753:and besieging the
583:29 December 1503:
562:23 February 1503:
555:13 February 1503:
541:25 December 1502:
417:Second Italian War
348:July–August 1496:
319:Battle of Seminara
278:Siege of Fivizzano
2653:978-0-8160-2851-1
2626:978-0-582-05758-6
2573:Francis the First
2536:978-0-06-089195-4
2399:History of Venice
2218:
2217:
2072:18–19 July 1545:
1901:
1900:
1689:Siege of Monopoli
1579:
1578:
1376:Charles de Lannoy
1343:Fernando d'Avalos
1339:Holy Roman Empire
1337:. An army of the
1328:Battle of Bicocca
1268:Siege of Mézières
1252:and commanded by
1207:). French-backed
1197:
1196:
938:Battle of Flodden
884:paid some 60,000
731:
730:
517:8–10 April 1500:
473:
472:
439:Third Italian War
328:Battle of Fornovo
253:Battle of Rapallo
247:
246:
134:
133:
85:League of Cambrai
16:(Redirected from
2729:
2683:
2681:
2679:
2630:
2556:Blockmans, Wim.
2510:
2504:
2498:
2492:
2486:
2477:180; Blockmans,
2471:
2465:
2459:
2453:
2447:
2441:
2434:
2428:
2421:
2415:
2408:
2402:
2397:, 220; Norwich,
2391:
2385:
2378:
2372:
2366:
2360:
2354:
2345:
2344:, p. 84–85.
2339:
2333:
2327:
2271:12 August 1554:
2222:15 August 1551:
2150:
2148:
2138:
2131:
2124:
2115:
2054:
2015:Prince of Orange
1915:
1808:
1806:
1796:
1789:
1782:
1773:
1697:
1683:Battle of Aversa
1673:
1648:
1617:
1604:
1592:
1486:
1484:
1474:
1467:
1460:
1451:
1380:Admiral Bonnivet
1347:Prospero Colonna
1333:20–30 May 1522:
1232:Siege of Logroño
1221:Society of Jesus
1104:
1102:
1092:
1085:
1078:
1069:
1001:Ramón de Cardona
991:7 October 1513:
982:illegitimate son
922:16 August 1513:
908:10 August 1512:
775:Battle of Cadore
638:
636:
626:
619:
612:
603:
551:
499:
408:
406:
396:
389:
382:
373:
273:
265:Siege of Mordano
184:
182:
172:
165:
158:
149:
100:League of Cognac
65:
55:
48:
41:
32:
21:
2737:
2736:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2707:
2706:
2705:
2703:Further reading
2677:
2675:
2673:
2658:
2627:
2614:
2519:
2514:
2513:
2505:
2501:
2493:
2489:
2472:
2468:
2460:
2456:
2448:
2444:
2435:
2431:
2425:British Battles
2422:
2418:
2412:British Battles
2409:
2405:
2392:
2388:
2379:
2375:
2367:
2363:
2355:
2348:
2340:
2336:
2328:
2324:
2319:
2273:Battle of Renty
2264:2 August 1554:
2236:5 August 1552:
2219:
2214:
2151:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2112:
2106:
2048:
1978:2–4 June 1544:
1971:11 April 1544:
1909:
1907:Siege of Corroy
1902:
1897:
1858:Lagny-sur-Marne
1809:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1770:
1764:
1733:
1727:
1717:3 August 1530:
1691:
1667:
1642:
1611:
1598:
1586:
1580:
1575:
1501:Sienese Maremma
1487:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1448:
1442:
1429:Battle of Pavia
1362:30 April 1524:
1326:29 April 1522:
1256:, driving them
1238:Battle of Noáin
1198:
1193:
1184:Italy 1524–1525
1105:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1066:
1060:
1037:
1031:
958:English Channel
891:11 April 1512:
858:Sack of Brescia
762:Pieve di Cadore
732:
727:
639:
634:
632:
630:
600:
594:
576:28 April 1503:
569:21 April 1503:
545:
506:Caterina Sforza
493:
474:
469:
409:
404:
402:
400:
370:
364:
350:Siege of Atella
267:
248:
243:
185:
180:
178:
176:
146:
140:
135:
130:
119:
66:
61:
59:
23:
22:
18:Sack of Brescia
15:
12:
11:
5:
2735:
2733:
2725:
2724:
2719:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2699:
2684:
2671:
2656:
2641:
2631:
2625:
2612:
2594:
2576:
2569:
2554:
2539:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2499:
2487:
2466:
2464:, p. 143.
2454:
2452:, p. 141.
2442:
2429:
2416:
2403:
2386:
2373:
2361:
2346:
2334:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2308:13 July 1558:
2306:
2299:
2292:
2289:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2269:
2262:
2255:
2248:
2241:
2234:
2227:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2133:
2126:
2118:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2091:
2077:
2070:
2065:October 1544:
2063:
2056:
2046:Adrien de Croÿ
2034:
2029:
2011:René of Châlon
1983:
1976:
1969:
1962:
1957:
1938:
1933:25 July 1543:
1931:
1924:
1917:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1801:
1799:
1798:
1791:
1784:
1776:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1715:
1704:
1700:21 June 1529:
1698:
1685:
1680:
1679:(South Italy).
1674:
1661:
1655:
1649:
1640:Siege of Melfi
1636:
1630:
1624:
1618:
1605:
1593:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1469:
1462:
1454:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1436:
1425:
1418:
1391:
1360:
1353:
1350:
1331:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1295:
1264:
1261:
1250:Henry d'Albret
1236:30 June 1521:
1234:
1228:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1097:
1095:
1094:
1087:
1080:
1072:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1008:
989:
962:King of France
934:
931:Siege of Dijon
927:
920:
913:
906:
899:
896:
889:
870:Gaston de Foix
853:
852:
848:
847:
844:
841:
834:
831:
828:
825:
821:
820:
816:
815:
812:
809:
802:
799:Siege of Padua
795:
787:
786:
782:
781:
778:
773:2 March 1508:
771:
768:
765:
758:
747:
744:
741:
737:
736:
729:
728:
726:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
644:
641:
640:
631:
629:
628:
621:
614:
606:
593:
590:
589:
588:
581:
574:
567:
564:Battle of Ruvo
560:
553:
538:
537:
533:
532:
529:
524:24 July 1501:
522:
515:
512:
509:
491:Siege of Forlì
487:
479:
478:
471:
470:
468:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
441:
440:
436:
435:
430:
425:
419:
418:
414:
411:
410:
401:
399:
398:
391:
384:
376:
363:
360:
359:
358:
356:Siege of Ostia
352:
346:
340:
333:
330:
324:
321:
317:28 June 1495:
315:
312:
306:
303:
292:
286:
283:
280:
274:
261:
255:
245:
244:
242:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
190:
187:
186:
177:
175:
174:
167:
160:
152:
139:
136:
132:
131:
124:
121:
120:
118:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
71:
68:
67:
60:
58:
57:
50:
43:
35:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2734:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2702:
2697:
2696:0-8371-5025-6
2693:
2689:
2685:
2674:
2672:9789004204317
2668:
2664:
2663:
2657:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2639:
2635:
2634:Oman, Charles
2632:
2628:
2622:
2618:
2613:
2610:
2609:0-679-72197-5
2606:
2602:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2591:0-691-00800-0
2588:
2584:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2570:
2567:
2566:0-340-73110-9
2563:
2559:
2555:
2552:
2551:0-312-12072-9
2548:
2544:
2540:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2520:
2516:
2508:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2491:
2488:
2484:
2481:72–73; Oman,
2480:
2476:
2470:
2467:
2463:
2458:
2455:
2451:
2446:
2443:
2439:
2433:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2417:
2413:
2407:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2393:Baumgartner,
2390:
2387:
2383:
2380:Baumgartner,
2377:
2374:
2371:, p. 87.
2370:
2365:
2362:
2359:, p. 86.
2358:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2338:
2335:
2332:, p. 83.
2331:
2326:
2323:
2316:
2311:
2307:
2304:
2300:
2297:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2283:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2270:
2267:
2263:
2260:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2220:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2154:
2149:
2139:
2134:
2132:
2127:
2125:
2120:
2119:
2116:
2111:
2103:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2078:
2075:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1944:. A combined
1943:
1942:Siege of Nice
1939:
1936:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1904:
1903:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1883:Isle of Wight
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1812:
1807:
1797:
1792:
1790:
1785:
1783:
1778:
1777:
1774:
1769:
1761:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1734:
1732:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1690:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1671:
1666:
1662:
1660:
1656:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1637:
1635:
1634:Sack of Pavia
1631:
1629:
1625:
1623:(North Italy)
1622:
1619:
1615:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1597:
1594:
1590:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1485:
1475:
1470:
1468:
1463:
1461:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1447:
1439:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1374:forces under
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1233:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1149:Vaprio d'Adda
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1103:
1093:
1088:
1086:
1081:
1079:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1065:
1057:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1036:
1035:War of Urbino
1029:War of Urbino
1028:
1023:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
987:
984:, and twelve
983:
980:, the King's
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
932:
928:
925:
921:
918:
915:6 June 1513:
914:
911:
907:
904:
900:
897:
894:
890:
887:
883:
879:
876:infantry and
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
854:
850:
849:
845:
842:
839:
835:
832:
829:
826:
823:
822:
818:
817:
813:
810:
807:
803:
800:
796:
793:
790:14 May 1509:
789:
788:
784:
783:
779:
776:
772:
769:
766:
763:
759:
756:
752:
748:
745:
742:
739:
738:
734:
733:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
713:Flodden Field
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
693:Saint-Mathieu
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
645:
642:
637:
627:
622:
620:
615:
613:
608:
607:
604:
599:
591:
586:
582:
579:
575:
572:
568:
565:
561:
558:
554:
549:
544:
540:
539:
535:
534:
530:
527:
526:Sack of Capua
523:
520:
516:
513:
510:
507:
503:
502:Cesare Borgia
497:
492:
488:
485:
481:
480:
476:
475:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
442:
438:
437:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
420:
416:
415:
412:
407:
397:
392:
390:
385:
383:
378:
377:
374:
369:
361:
357:
353:
351:
347:
345:
341:
338:
334:
331:
329:
326:6 July 1495:
325:
322:
320:
316:
313:
311:
307:
304:
301:
297:
293:
291:
287:
284:
281:
279:
275:
271:
266:
262:
260:
256:
254:
250:
249:
240:
237:
235:
232:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
205:
202:
200:
197:
195:
192:
191:
188:
183:
173:
168:
166:
161:
159:
154:
153:
150:
145:
137:
129:
128:
122:
116:
113:
111:
108:
106:
103:
101:
98:
96:
93:
91:
88:
86:
83:
81:
78:
76:
73:
72:
69:
64:
56:
51:
49:
44:
42:
37:
36:
33:
29:
27:
19:
2687:
2676:. Retrieved
2661:
2644:
2637:
2616:
2600:
2582:
2572:
2557:
2542:
2523:
2502:
2490:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2469:
2457:
2445:
2437:
2432:
2424:
2419:
2411:
2406:
2398:
2394:
2389:
2381:
2376:
2364:
2337:
2325:
1873:2nd Boulogne
1868:1st Boulogne
1853:Saint-Dizier
1626:6 May 1527:
1199:
1169:Fuenterrabía
956:crossed the
878:landsknechts
455:2nd Seminara
337:Castel Nuovo
308:2 May 1495:
126:
125:
63:Italian Wars
28:
26:
2528:John Keegan
2495:Potter 2011
2483:Art of War,
2257:1553–1559:
2195:St. Quentin
2093:July 1545:
2086:July 1545:
2079:July 1545:
2049: [
1910: [
1893:Beachy Head
1692: [
1668: [
1643: [
1612: [
1599: [
1587: [
1551:Capo d'Orso
1536:South Italy
1511:North Italy
1401:army under
1368:Sesia River
1164:San Marcial
1139:Val Vestino
546: [
494: [
268: [
214:2nd Rapallo
194:1st Rapallo
2711:Categories
2517:References
2210:Gravelines
2205:Thionville
1999:St. Dizier
1964:May 1543:
1848:Serravalle
1838:Landrecies
978:King James
465:Garigliano
2543:Louis XII
2395:Louis XII
2382:Louis XII
2165:Mirandola
2003:Champagne
1995:Charles V
1888:Bonchurch
1863:Montreuil
1818:Perpignan
1556:Landriano
1531:Catanzaro
1506:Governolo
1435:captured.
1433:Francis I
1415:Marseille
1407:Francis I
1292:Charles V
1288:Francis I
1246:Castilian
1209:Navarrese
1179:Marseille
1114:Pampeluna
723:Marignano
673:Mirandola
668:Polesella
653:Agnadello
460:Cerignola
204:Fivizzano
115:1551–1559
110:1542–1546
105:1536–1538
95:1521–1526
80:1499–1504
75:1494–1498
2473:Arnold,
2185:Marciano
2026:Soissons
1993:army of
1991:Imperial
1952:city of
1950:Imperial
1843:Ceresole
1571:Gavinana
1566:Monopoli
1561:Florence
1496:Camollia
1399:Imperial
1388:Lombardy
1382:and the
1372:Imperial
1313:in 1795.
1307:Habsburg
1299:Imperial
1272:Imperial
1266:? 1521:
1254:Lesparre
1242:Pamplona
1205:Pamplona
1129:Mézières
946:Scotland
868:troops.
866:Venetian
718:La Motta
450:Barletta
296:Tuscania
219:Seminara
2678:June 6,
2440:, p. 21
2427:, p. 85
2414:, p. 80
2180:Corsica
2160:Tripoli
2042:Norfolk
2019:Dauphin
2007:sappers
1303:Tournai
1154:Bicocca
1134:Tournai
1119:Logroño
882:Bergamo
862:Brescia
751:Ampezzo
688:Navarre
683:Ravenna
678:Brescia
663:Vicenza
224:Fornovo
199:Mordano
2694:
2669:
2651:
2623:
2607:
2589:
2564:
2549:
2534:
2384:, 220.
2200:Calais
1989:. The
1878:Solent
1546:Aversa
1541:Naples
1409:) and
1005:Veneto
942:France
886:ducats
874:Gascon
698:Novara
648:Cadore
428:Novara
354:1497:
234:Atella
229:Novara
209:Naples
90:Urbino
2317:Notes
2190:Renty
2175:Ponza
2053:]
2022:Henry
1914:]
1833:Düren
1823:Muros
1696:]
1672:]
1647:]
1616:]
1603:]
1591:]
1526:Malfi
1521:Pavia
1270:. An
1189:Pavia
1174:Sesia
1159:Genoa
1144:Parma
1124:Noáin
986:earls
970:James
954:Henry
708:Dijon
658:Padua
550:]
504:over
498:]
433:Capua
423:Forlì
272:]
239:Ostia
2692:ISBN
2680:2022
2667:ISBN
2649:ISBN
2621:ISBN
2605:ISBN
2587:ISBN
2562:ISBN
2547:ISBN
2532:ISBN
2485:213.
2170:Metz
2044:and
1954:Nice
1828:Nice
1516:Rome
1282:and
944:and
445:Ruvo
2713::
2636:.
2599:.
2581:.
2349:^
2051:fr
2013:,
1912:fr
1694:it
1670:it
1645:it
1614:it
1601:it
1589:it
1294:.
548:it
496:it
270:it
2698:.
2682:.
2655:.
2629:.
2611:.
2593:.
2568:.
2553:.
2538:.
2137:e
2130:t
2123:v
2028:.
1956:.
1795:e
1788:t
1781:v
1714:.
1473:e
1466:t
1459:v
1390:.
1260:.
1091:e
1084:t
1077:v
988:.
764:.
757:.
625:e
618:t
611:v
528:.
508:.
486:.
395:e
388:t
381:v
302:)
298:(
171:e
164:t
157:v
54:e
47:t
40:v
20:)
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