2221:, and he created in part the categories and rules along whose lines was developed the grammatical study of the Hebrew language. His dictionary, primitive and merely practical as it was, became the foundation of Hebrew lexicography; and the name "Agron" (literally, "collection"), which he chose and doubtless created, was long used as a designation for Hebrew lexicons, especially by the Karaites. The very categories of rhetoric, as they were found among the Arabs, were first applied by Saadia to the style of the Bible. He was likewise one of the founders of comparative philology, not only through his brief "Book of Seventy Words," already mentioned, but especially through his explanation of the Hebrew vocabulary by the Arabic, particularly in the case of the favorite translation of Biblical words by Arabic terms having the same sound.
2427:). Saadia's objective here was to show the parallelism between the truths delivered to the people of Israel by Divine revelation, on the one side, and the necessary conclusions that can also be reached by way of rational observation, on the other. The effect of these ideas expressed in his philosophical books are clearly reflected in Saadia's story of creation, especially when he comes to deal with the theological problems, such as in the verse of Deuteronomy 4:24: “For the LORD your God is a devouring fire,” which constitutes an example of a verse that cannot be understood in its plain context, but should rather be understood in such a way as not to contradict one's definite knowledge that God does not change, nor can anything corporeal be associated with him.
2182:
2166:
136:
2687:(1921) 423-428. Malter rejected 882 because it conflicted with other known events in Saadia's life. He suspected an error by a copyist. The year 882 is now generally accepted because its source is closer to his death in both time and space. Abraham Firkovich had previously held the opinion that Saadia Gaon was born in 862, based on the view that he was aged twenty when he first began writing his
1164:), claimed a tradition according to which the cutoff point was 642/1080 of an hour (approximately 35 minutes) after noon. In that particular year, this change would result in a two-day schism with the major Jewish communities in Babylonia: according to Ben Meir the first day of Passover would be on a Sunday, while according to the generally accepted rule it would be on Tuesday.
2398:), containing the texts of the prayers, commentary in Arabic and original synagogal poetry. Of this synagogal poetry the most noteworthy portions are the "Azharot" on the 613 commandments, which give the author's name as "Sa'id b. Joseph", followed by the title "Alluf," thus showing that the poems were written before he became gaon.
3786:
2019:); they have hastened after some other thing; I shall not pour out their libations of blood, neither shall I take-up their names upon my lips," writing instead: "They will multiply their revenues (Judeo-Arabic:אכסאבהם); they have hastened after some other thing," etc. Even where a certain explanation is given in the
2267:, in which no process of creation is described, and the process described in Sefer Yetzirah (matter formed by speech). The cosmogony of Sefer Yetzirah is even omitted from the discussion of creation in his magnum opus "Kitab al-Amanat wal-I'tiḳadat." Concerning the supposed attribution of the book to the patriarch
2437:, written while its author was still residing in Egypt (or Israel), and intended to explain in a scientific manner how the universe came into existence. On the linguistic aspect, Saadia combines a debate on the letters and on their attributes (e.g. phonemes), as well as a debate on related linguistic matters.
2259:, Saadia sought to render lucid and intelligible the content of this esoteric work by the light of philosophy and scientific knowledge, especially by a system of Hebrew phonology which he himself had founded. He did not permit himself in this commentary to be influenced by the theological speculations of the
2201:
of a large portion of
Judaism, it served for centuries as a potent factor in the impregnation of the Jewish spirit with Arabic culture, so that, in this respect, it may take its place beside the Greek Bible-translation of antiquity and the German translation of the Pentateuch by Moses Mendelssohn. As
2189:
Saadia Gaon was a pioneer in the fields in which he toiled. The foremost object of his work was the Bible; his importance is due primarily to his establishment of a new school of
Biblical exegesis characterized by a rational investigation of the contents of the Bible and a scientific knowledge of the
2209:
The commentary contained, as is stated in the author's own introduction to his translation of the
Pentateuch, not only an exact interpretation of the text, but also a refutation of the cavils which the heretics raised against it. Further, it set forth the bases of the commandments of reason and the
1324:
received by him. Saadia's method of conveying names for the fowls based on what he had received by way of an oral tradition prompted him to add in his defense: "Every detail about them, had one of them merely come unto us , we would not have been able to identify it for certain, much less recognize
2129:
did not interrupt his literary activity. His principal philosophical work was completed in 933; and four years later, through Ibn
Sargado's father-in-law, Bishr ben Aaron, the two enemies were reconciled. Saadia was reinstated in his office; but he held it for only five more years. David b. Zakkai
2156:
about Saadia ben Yosef "the sage," in which he ends a dispute between a servant who claims to be the heir of his deceased master and the man's true son and heir by having them both draw blood into separate vessels. He then took a bone from the deceased man and placed it into each of the cups. The
1999:
and midrashic literature was ambivalent. Although he adopted them in his liturgies, he did not recoil from denouncing them in his commentary on the Bible whenever he thought that they broke-away from the plain and ordinary meaning of the text. Saadia adopts in principle the method of the
2419:: This work, first compiled in 933 CE, of which several revisions were made until its final redaction, is considered to be the first systematic attempt to synthesize the Jewish tradition with philosophical teachings. Prior to Saadia, the only other Jew to attempt any such fusion was
1195:
His dispute with Ben Meir was an important factor in his call to Sura in 928. The
Exilarch insisted on appointing him as Gaon "head of the academy" despite the weight of precedent (no foreigner had ever served as Gaon before) and against the advice of the aged Nissim Nahrwani, a
2121:
He wrote both in Hebrew and in Arabic a work, now known only from a few fragments, entitled "Sefer ha-Galui" (Arabic title, "Kitab al-Ṭarid"), in which he emphasized with great but justifiable pride the services which he had rendered, especially in his opposition to heresy.
1297:, in his commentary on the Torah, wrote scathing remarks on Saadia's commentary, saying: "He doesn't have an oral tradition perhaps he has a vision in a dream, while he has already erred with respect to certain places ; therefore, we will not rely on his dreams."
1200:
at Sura, who feared a confrontation between the two strong-willed personalities, Exilarch David and Saadia. Nissim declared, however, that if David was determined to see Saadia in the position, then he would be ready to become the first of Saadia's followers.
3611:(1988). Goodman writes that his edition "would have been impossible without the careful Arabic edition of Saadiah's translation and commentary that we owe to the indefatigable industry of Ḳāfiḥ, whose notes and glosses are frequently acknowledged in my own" (
2271:, he allows that the ideas it contains might be ancient. Nonetheless, he clearly considered the work worthy of deep study and echoes of Sefer Yetzirah's cosmogony do appear in "Kitab al-Amanat wal-I'tiḳadat" when Saadia discusses his theory of prophecy.
2451:"Kitab al-Tamyiz" (in Hebrew, "Sefer ha-Hakkarah"), or "Book of Distinction," composed in 926, and Saadia's most extensive polemical work. It was still cited in the twelfth century; and a number of passages from it are given in a Biblical commentary of
2447:
Refutations of
Karaite authors, always designated by the name "Kitab al-Radd," or "Book of Refutation." These three works are known only from scanty references to them in other works; that the third was written after 933 is proved by one of the
2217:'s "Moznayim," has not been challenged even by the latest historical investigations. Here, too, he was the first; his grammatical work, now lost, gave an inspiration to further studies, which attained their most brilliant and lasting results in
2157:
bone in the cup of the true heir absorbed the blood, while the servant's blood was not absorbed in the bone. Using this as genetic proof of the son's true inheritance, Saadia had the servant return the man's property to his son.
2365:
Short monographs in which problems of Jewish law are systematically presented. Of these Arabic treatises, little but the titles and extracts is known, and it is only in the "Kitab al-Mawarith" that fragments of any length have
2033:
7a as meaning "each spice pounded separately"), Saadia deviates from the rabbinic tradition in his Judeo-Arabic translation of the
Pentateuch, in this case explaining its sense as "having them made of equal portions."
1215:
had subscribed to it. When the son of the exilarch threatened Saadia with violence to secure his compliance and was roughly handled by Saadia's servant, open war broke out between the exilarch and the gaon. Each
1171:, on his way from the East, when he learned of Ben Meïr's regulation of the Jewish calendar. Saadia addressed a warning to him, and in Mesopotamia, he placed his knowledge and pen at the disposal of the exilarch
1231:(later Gaon of Pumbedita, 943-960), in Hebrew pamphlets. Fragments of these pamphlets show a hatred on the part of the exilarch and his partisans that did not shrink from scandal. Saadia did not fail to reply.
2205:
His system of hermeneutics was not limited to the exegesis of individual passages, but treated also each book of the Bible as a whole, and showed the connection of its various portions with one another.
2202:
a means of popular religious enlightenment, Saadia's translation presented the
Scriptures even to the unlearned in a rational form which aimed at the greatest possible degree of clarity and consistency.
2130:
died before him (c. 940), being followed a few months later by the exilarch's son Judah, while David's young grandson was nobly protected by Saadia as by a father. According to a statement made by
1220:
the other, declaring that he deposed his opponent from office. David ben Zakkai appointed Joseph ben Jacob Gaon of Sura and Saadia conferred the exilarchate on David's brother Hasan (Josiah; 930).
1112:
After only two years of teaching, Saadia recused himself from teaching because of a dispute that had fallen out between him and the
Exilarch. During Saadia's absence, his post was occupied by
2477:"Sefer ha-Galui," also composed in Hebrew and in the same flowery biblical style as the "Sefer ha-Mo'adim," being an autobiographical and apologetic work directed against the Exilarch (
3692:
This (כתאב אלאמאנאת ואלאעתקאדאת ) was the name of Saadia's first edition, later emended by Saadia to אלמכ'תאר פי אלאמאנאת ואלאעתקאדאת (Hebrew: הנבחר באמונות ובדעות) as described by
808:
3968:
Ashur, Amir; Nir, Sivan; Polliack, Meira (2017). "Three
Fragments of Saʿadya Gaon's Arabic Translation of Isaiah Copied by the Court Scribe Joseph ben Samuel (c. 1181–1209)".
2007:
In some instances, Saadia's biblical translations reflect his own rationale of difficult Hebrew words based on their lexical root, and he will, at times, reject the earlier
4001:
2004:
that even the episodic-like parts of the Bible (e.g. story of Abraham and Sarah, the selling of Joseph, etc.) that do not contain commandments have a moral lesson to tell.
1120:. At length, Saadia was reconciled with the Exilarch and returned to serve in his former position, although Joseph ben Jacob also remained serving in his capacity as Gaon.
5011:
3540:
2663:
fragment containing a list of Saadia's writings compiled by his sons eleven years after his death, which stated that he was "sixty years less forty ... days" at death.
2247:
interpretations of so many others, thus identifying a spiritual purpose of a religious vessel within that religious and spiritual instilling schema of purpose and use.
2210:
characterization of the commandments of revelation; in the case of the former the author appealed to philosophical speculation; of the latter, naturally, to tradition.
4016:
2458:
There was perhaps a special polemic of Saadia against Ben Zuta, though the data regarding this controversy between is known only from the gaon's gloss on the Torah.
4976:
4094:
2655:
The traditional birth year of 892 was exclusively cited before 1921 and is still occasionally cited. It rests on a statement by the twelfth-century historian
2181:
2165:
1250:
is founded upon the prayer format edited originally by Saadia. The Yemenite Jewish community also adopted thirteen penitential verse written by Saadia for
844:
2481:), David b. Zakkai, and his chief patron, Aharon ibn Sargado, in which he proved his own uprightness and equity in the matter of controversy between them.
1105:
or head of Babylonian Jewry, petitioned Saadia to assume the honorary title of gaon, where he was appointed that same year the Gaon of Sura Academy at
2263:, which are so important in his main works. In introducing Sefer Yetzirah's theory of creation he makes a distinction between the Biblical account of
434:
5001:
3246:, not to be mistaken with the animal that is called by this name today, or crocodile. For in ancient Greek, any big lizard was called "krokódeilos."
1289:) has brought relief and succour to Jews living in Arabic-speaking countries, his identification of places, fauna and flora, and the stones of the
1243:
has been exceptionally great, as many of Saadia's extant works were preserved by the community and used extensively by them. The basis for the
998:
1227:, and the strife that divided Babylonian Judaism continued. Saadia was attacked by the exilarch and his chief adherent, the young but learned
4961:
4946:
4483:
3985:
3916:
3152:
3070:
3013:
2967:
2755:
1187:," in which he refuted the assertions of Ben Meïr regarding the calendar and helped to avert from the Jewish community the perils of schism.
4926:
1208:
entered upon a new period of brilliancy. This renaissance was cut short by a clash between Saadia and David, much as Nissim had predicted.
135:
2011:
for his own understanding. For example, in Psalm 16:4, Saadia retracts from the Targum (translated): "They will multiply their goddesses (
2836:. Translated by Nosson Dovid Rabinowich. Jerusalem: Rabbi Jacob Joseph School Press - Ahavath Torah Institute Moznaim. pp. 150–151.
3469:
4971:
4921:
1269:, was copied by the Yemenite Jews in nearly all their handwritten codices. They originally studied Saadia's major work of philosophy,
3865:
Ivry, Alfred L. (1989). "The contribution of Alexander Altmann to the study of medieval Jewish philosophy". In Arnold Paucker (ed.).
3886:
2727:
2627:
1980:
Is the hill of God the hill of Bashan? A hunchback mountain is the hill of Bashan! (Meaning, it is unfit for God's Divine Presence).
1964:
and noting where the verse is to be read as a rhetorical question, and where the verse itself derides the question with good humor:
3393:
Book of Psalms with a Translation and Commentary of Rabbi Saadia Gaon (תהלים עם תרגום ופירוש הגאון רבינו סעדיה בן יוסף פיומי זצ"ל)
2284:
Saadia translated the Humash and some of the other books of the Hebrew Bible into Judeo-Arabic, adding a Judeo-Arabic commentary.
5006:
4966:
4122:
1668:
905:
3537:
4697:
4325:
967:
837:
4986:
4956:
4020:
3493:
4991:
4610:
611:
4981:
4829:
4819:
4661:
3748:
Saadia Gaon's version of the text itself along with his Judeo-Arabic commentary with facing Hebrew translation by Rabbi
616:
429:
4595:
3459:
4996:
4951:
4931:
4911:
4676:
3838:
1984:
That mountain wherein God desires to dwell (i.e. Mount Moriah in Jerusalem), even the Lord shall dwell forever more.
1082:. Later, one of Saadia's chief disputants was the Karaite by the name of Abu al-Surri ben Zuṭa, who is referred to by
997:; this son later served as gaon of Sura Academy from 1012–1018. Regarding Joseph, Saadia's father, a statement of the
4355:
2213:
The position assigned to Saadia in the oldest list of Hebrew grammarians, which is contained in the introduction to
4941:
3900:
3809:
1478:
1211:
In a probate case, Saadia refused to sign a verdict of the exilarch, which he thought unjust, although the Gaon of
830:
778:
731:
510:
4564:
4519:
4478:
4453:
4320:
4824:
4814:
4799:
4671:
4656:
4631:
4615:
4493:
4375:
4051:
2378:
1911:
763:
641:
545:
419:
328:
192:
91:
4779:
4686:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4880:
4844:
4834:
4769:
4729:
4666:
4350:
4280:
2770:
2474:"Sefer ha-Mo'adim," or "Book of Festivals," the Hebrew polemic against Ben Meir which has been mentioned above.
951:
910:
606:
4804:
4784:
4744:
4579:
4173:
2343:"Tafsir al-Sab'ina Lafẓah," a list of seventy (properly ninety) Hebrew (and Aramaic) words which occur in the
1055:, particularly Solomon ben Yeruham, thus beginning the activity which was to prove important in opposition to
4473:
4468:
4275:
4265:
4225:
3464:. Vol. I/1. Translated by Nadia Abdulhadi Sukhtian. Ramallah: Dar Al Nasher. pp. 168–169 (vol. 1).
2387:. With few exceptions these exist only in Hebrew, some of them having been probably written in that language.
2142:
in 942, at the age of sixty, of "black gall" (melancholia), repeated illnesses having undermined his health.
1328:
The question often asked by scholars now is whether Saadia applied this principle in his other translations.
4651:
4524:
4432:
4315:
4209:
3800:
696:
215:
31:
4214:
3497:
3378:, the plural feminine form of עצבים (images; idols) found in Psalm 115:4, Psalm 135:15, among other places.
2471:"Kitab al-'Ibbur," or "Book of the Calendar," likewise apparently containing polemics against Karaite Jews;
2240:
4859:
4734:
4365:
4295:
2938:, on Genesis 2:11–12 and on Exodus 28:30, as well as in his critique on RSG's identification of the bird,
2347:
only once or very rarely, and which may be explained from traditional literature, especially from the Neo-
2091:
726:
666:
636:
396:
333:
4290:
4260:
4204:
4086:
3717:(in Hebrew). Translated by Yosef Qafih. Kiryat Ono: Mekhkon Mishnat ha-Rambam. p. 6 (Introduction).
4764:
4574:
4569:
4509:
4300:
4189:
3854:(Morris Loeb Series, Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1921, several later reprints).
3230:, and neither one of them can convey uncleanness by touching, even after death. See Maimonides, Mishnah
2391:
1362:
982:
884:
676:
646:
540:
4681:
2659:
that Saadia was "about fifty" years old when he died. The modern birth year of 882 rests on an 1113 CE
2583:) = Chameleon lizard. Qafih explains in his commentary on the Responsa and Halachic Decisions of Rabbi
4794:
4438:
4360:
4270:
4089:
4087:
1175:
and the scholars of the academies, adding his letters to those sent by them to the communities of the
4849:
4559:
4443:
4345:
4305:
4285:
4178:
4115:
4019:
The Jewish History Resource Center - Project of the Dinur Center for Research in Jewish History, The
3288:, ed. Yosef Qafih (2nd edition), Mechon-Moshe: Kiryat-Ono 2010, s.v. Psalm 68:15–16 , p. 162 (Hebrew)
1290:
986:
788:
530:
495:
378:
4641:
4514:
4503:
4488:
2989:
1300:
However, Saadia assures his readers elsewhere that when he rendered translations for the twenty-odd
1128:
In 922, six years before Saadia was appointed Gaon of Babylonia, a controversy arose concerning the
4916:
4864:
4529:
4230:
4090:
1346:
1157:
793:
278:
146:
101:
4789:
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2643:
4839:
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4636:
4534:
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4426:
4390:
4380:
4199:
3956:
3658:
Extant portion of introduction published with English translation by S. Atlas and M. Perlmann in
3109:
2595:# 91 (note 2), p. 149, that what the inquirer incorrectly mentioned under the Old French name of
2325:
2312:
2264:
2058:
1591:
1349:, improperly translated as "unicorn" in some English translations, is a word that is now used in
1244:
1117:
1064:
1047:
1016:
943:
803:
798:
768:
721:
701:
550:
525:
303:
273:
230:
4498:
4448:
4194:
4088:
4554:
4420:
4183:
4168:
4036:
3907:
Stroumsa, Sarah (2003). "Saadya and Jewish kalam". In Frank, Daniel H.; Leaman, Oliver (eds.).
4759:
4544:
4539:
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3981:
3912:
3882:
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3016:
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2977:
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2723:
2623:
2584:
2497:
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2170:
1996:
1228:
1153:
1149:
1001:
963:
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877:
691:
681:
671:
586:
520:
515:
348:
323:
283:
127:
3629:
3612:
3538:
http://hebrew-academy.huji.ac.il/al_haakademya/haverim/haverimbeavar/Pages/yehudaratsabi.aspx
1273:, in its original Judeo-Arabic, although by the early 20th-century, only fragments survived.
4854:
4739:
4705:
4600:
4590:
4549:
4335:
4310:
4219:
4153:
4072:
3973:
3930:
3753:
3697:
3595:
3323:
3234:
5:1, where it is proven that a dead frog is not the same as one of the dead creeping things.
2656:
2408:
2214:
2131:
2074:
1294:
1224:
1184:
1172:
1113:
1098:
1083:
1060:
918:
758:
706:
401:
343:
308:
298:
288:
255:
4163:
4092:
3646:
3578:
1960:), he has done what no other medieval writer has done before him, bringing down a biblical
1136:(around 359 CE), the calendar had been based on a series of rules (described more fully in
4936:
4605:
4385:
4148:
4108:
3822:
3544:
3113:
2917:(in Hebrew). Translated by Yosef Qafih. Kiryat Ono: Mekhkon Mishnat ha-Rambam. p. 5.
2527:
2516:
2452:
2332:
2082:
2050:
2029:
2012:
1797:
1781:
1774:
1217:
1176:
1129:
1071:
1070:
In 921, Saadia triumphed over Gaon Aaron ben Meïr over the latter's introduction of a new
1056:
994:
993:, the famous ascetic of the first century. Saadia expressed this claim by calling his son
990:
914:
888:
716:
565:
373:
363:
111:
3370:
English translation "goddesses" follows the Aramaic Targum of Psalm 16:4, where the word
3218:
As for "frogs" and "toads," according to Maimonides (Mishnah commentary, Introduction to
2603:
in Leviticus 11:30, the original meaning of the word is none other that chameleon lizard.
3666:. Hebrew translation thereof as well as Saadya Gaon's Judeo-Arabic translation by Rabbi
909:
represents the first systematic attempt to integrate Jewish theology with components of
4890:
4754:
4721:
4646:
4458:
4235:
4005:
3795:
2816:
2462:
2434:
2256:
1952:
1722:
1655:
1321:
1301:
1255:
1052:
783:
651:
621:
601:
596:
591:
555:
535:
353:
3352:(in Hebrew). Jerusalem, New-York: American Academy of Jewish Studies. pp. 19–21.
4905:
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3790:
3455:
2716:
2588:
2370:
2236:
2152:
1924:
1350:
1240:
1145:
1079:
773:
656:
631:
3350:
The Book of Psalms, with a Translation and Commentary by Rabbi Saadia ben Yosef Gaon
4749:
4409:
4401:
4062:
3951:
Masliyah, Sadok (1979–1980). "Saadia Gaon's Arabic Version of the Book of Isaiah".
3519:
PROVERBS 10-31, Volume 18 - Michael V. Fox - Yale University Press 2009 - 704 pages
2943:
2829:
2798:
2664:
2344:
1305:
1106:
1027:
971:
939:
900:
711:
560:
293:
245:
3320:
Leader's Project: Studies in the Philosophical and Exegetical Works of Saadya Gaon
3850:
3608:
4240:
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3749:
3693:
3667:
3642:
3625:
3591:
3574:
3557:
3422:
3396:
3202:
2574:
2491:
2224:
Saadia's works were the inspiration and basis for later Jewish writers, such as
2198:
2139:
1541:
1315:
1205:
1197:
1141:
661:
626:
439:
358:
318:
176:
80:
4885:
3977:
3874:
3529:
3479:
3270:
Rabbi Saadia Gaon's reference here is to the lizard that is called in Arabic:
3140:
3105:
3058:
3001:
2955:
2748:
Saadya and Jewish Kalam: The Cambridge Companion to Medieval Jewish Philosophy
2718:
A Short History of the Jewish People: From Legendary Times to Modern Statehood
1442:
1358:
1251:
1137:
1042:
955:
686:
472:
462:
457:
368:
338:
313:
235:
161:
3722:
3438:
3404:
3399:. Kiryat-Ono: Makhon Moshe (Makhon Mishnat haRambam). p. 74 (Ps. 16:4).
3357:
3331:
3311:
2922:
2896:
2841:
4025:
2244:
2225:
2135:
2126:
1846:
1686:
1311:
1212:
1133:
1087:
1009:
477:
240:
171:
166:
17:
3298:
Tobi, Yosef (1984). "Sa'adia's Biblical Exegesis and his Poetic Practice".
1004:
has been preserved saying that he was compelled to leave Egypt and died in
3020:
2974:
2197:
is of importance for the history of civilization; itself a product of the
1041:
At the age of 20, Saadia began composing his first great work, the Hebrew
4710:
3194:
2384:
2348:
2174:
2077:
based on the phonetic similarity of its Arabic name with the Hebrew. The
2037:
In another apparent deviation from Talmudic tradition, where the Talmud (
1961:
1396:
1102:
1075:
981:, stresses his Jewish lineage, claiming to belong to the noble family of
959:
947:
873:
570:
250:
3960:
3789: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
2243:) as "the honesty of their behavior and their success", rather than the
1034:, derived from a contemporary identification of Fayum with the Biblical
4040:
3833:
3663:
3660:
Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research, Vol. 14 (1944)
3659:
3286:
Sefer Tehillim - with a Translation and Commentary of Rabbi Saadia Gaon
3198:
2676:
2660:
2577:
and Zohar Amar correct the Judeo-Arabic text to read "אלחרבא" (Arabic:
2352:
2304:
Iyyov (Book of Job) (translated to English by Dr. Goodman), and Mishlei
2268:
1493:
1400:
892:
467:
3027:
2981:
883:
Saadia is the first important rabbinic figure to write extensively in
4414:
4131:
3206:
3190:
3173:
3169:
2134:
and doubtless derived from Saadia's son Dosa, Saadia himself died in
2102:
2066:
2020:
2008:
2001:
1259:
1168:
1035:
1023:
935:
865:
813:
61:
3715:
Book of Beliefs & Opinions (Sefer ha-Nivḥar ba-emunot uva-deʻot)
3561:
3533:
2915:
Book of Beliefs & Opinions (Sefer ha-Nivḥar ba-emunot uva-deʻot)
2854:
Laws of the Sanctification of the Moon, chs. 6-10, written c. 1170.
2297:
Tehillim (Judeo-Arabic translation and commentary, which he called
4774:
3177:
2420:
2260:
2218:
2194:
2180:
2164:
1433:
1282:
1161:
1005:
899:, he was a practitioner of the philosophical school known as the "
861:
197:
65:
3641:
Hebrew translation along with the original Judeo-Arabic by Rabbi
3624:
Hebrew translation along with the original Judeo-Arabic by Rabbi
3590:
Hebrew translation along with the original Judeo-Arabic by Rabbi
2722:(Illustrated ed.). Oxford University Press US. p. 80.
2461:
A refutation directed against the rationalistic Biblical critic
1861:
1608:
1354:
1097:
In the year 928, at the age of thirty-six (variant: forty-six),
1091:
869:
4104:
2468:"Kitab al-Shara'i'," or "Book of the Commandments of Religion."
4085:
3499:ספר חסידים - יהודה בן שמואל, החסיד, 1146-1217 (page 73 of 228)
3573:
Hebrew translation along with original Judeo-Arabic by Rabbi
3556:
Hebrew translation along with original Judeo-Arabic by Rabbi
3034:, Mossad Harav Kook: Jerusalem 1984, p. 125 (note 7) (Hebrew)
1204:
Under his leadership, the ancient academy of Sura founded by
4031:
2377:. An Arabic methodology of the Talmud is also mentioned, by
4030:
Torah- Original Commentary in Arabic By Rabbi Saadia Gaon,
1361:" and writes there the Judeo-Arabic word for the creature (
3927:
Saadya Gaon. The Double Path of the Mystic and Rationalist
3630:
https://www.otzar.org/wotzar/book.aspx?149875&lang=eng
2105:(around October), for which reason the Talmud says: "When
1373:
4100:
3911:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 71–90.
3754:
https://www.otzar.org/wotzar/book.aspx?23506&lang=eng
3698:
https://www.otzar.org/wotzar/book.aspx?12163&lang=eng
3596:
https://www.otzar.org/wotzar/book.aspx?24835&lang=eng
2750:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 71–90.
2381:, as a work of Saadia under the title "Kelale ha-Talmud".
1975:הָהָר חָמַד אֱלהִים לְשִׁבְתּוֹ. אַף יי' יִשְׁכּן לָנֶצַח
1265:
Saadia's Judeo-Arabic translation of the Pentateuch, the
1109:, a position which he held for 14 years until his death.
1051:. At 23, he composed a polemic against the followers of
3647:
https://www.otzar.org/wotzar/book.aspx?7871&lang=eng
3579:
https://www.otzar.org/wotzar/book.aspx?8066&lang=eng
3772:(editor), Jerusalem 1972, p. 46 (Hebrew / Judeo-Arabic)
3088:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3080:
3078:
2465:, whose views were rejected by the Karaites themselves;
2169:
A street sign at the intersection of Se’adya Ga’on and
2863:
Yuchasin, section 3, account by Nathan the Babylonian.
1254:, as well as the liturgical poems composed by him for
1008:, probably during Saadia's prolonged residence in the
950:
under the scholar Abu Kathir Yaḥya al-Katib (known as
3909:
The Cambridge Companion to Medieval Jewish Philosophy
1971:הַר אֱלהִים הַר בָּשָׁן. הַר גַּבְנֻנִּים הַר בָּשָׁן
1357:." However, Saadia understood the same word to mean "
1132:, that threatened the entire Jewish community. Since
3528:
Translated into Hebrew by Professor Yehuda Ratzaby (
3189:
By saying, "after its kind," it would include rats (
2891:(in Hebrew). Tel-Aviv: E'eleh betamar. p. 190.
2494:(Hebrew translations of several Saadia Gaon's works)
2235:
Saadia likewise identifies the definitive trait of "
2096:
1390:
1340:
1281:
As much as Saadia's Judeo-Arabic translation of the
4873:
4719:
4695:
4624:
4399:
4138:
4017:
Resources > Medieval Jewish History > Geonica
3737:
Linguistic Comments in Saadia's Biblical Commentary
1407:Comparative study of Saadia's translations for the
107:
97:
87:
73:
51:
39:
3427:Rabbi Saadia Gaon's Commentaries on the Pentateuch
3222:), both reptiles are generically called in Hebrew
3032:Rabbi Saadia Gaon's Commentaries on the Pentateuch
2986:Rabbi Saadia Gaon's Commentaries on the Pentateuch
2715:
3879:Herald of Destiny: The Story of the Jews 750-1650
3869:. London: Secker & Warburg. pp. 433–440.
3136:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3126:
3124:
3122:
3093:Sefer Targum La'az (Translation of Foreign Words)
2691:in 882 (See: Abraham Firkovich, Hebrew Newspaper
2433:, an Arabic translation of and commentary on the
3940:, (Litman Library of Jewish Civilization, 2013).
3054:
3052:
3050:
3048:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3040:
2355:. This small work has been frequently reprinted.
2340:, “The Book of Eloquent Language of the Hebrews”
2065:, Saadia in his Judeo-Arabic translation of the
1293:, has found him at variance with some scholars.
1074:of Torah reading that also changed the dates of
3857:Salo W. Baron, "Saadia's communal activities",
2936:Abraham ibn Ezra's Commentary of the Pentateuch
1966:
1063:. In the same year, he left Egypt and moved to
913:. Saadia was also very active in opposition to
2541:("our Rabbi Saadia Gaon"), often abbreviated
1950:In Saadia's translation and commentary on the
1223:Hasan was forced to flee and died in exile in
4116:
3450:
3448:
2315:into Judeo-Arabic and wrote an introduction.
1038:, an identification found in Saadia's works.
946:in 915 at the age of 23, where he studied in
838:
30:"Saadia" redirects here. For other uses, see
8:
3881:. Brooklyn, NY: Shaar Press. pp. 4–12.
3271:
3256:
3065:, Mekhon Moshe: Kiryat-Ono 2016, pp. 13, 66
2882:
2880:
2878:
2620:Jews in Islamic countries in the Middle Ages
2578:
2373:, preserved only in a Hebrew translation by
903:". In this capacity, his philosophical work
3970:Senses of Scripture, Treasures of Tradition
3530:http://www.virtualgeula.com/moshe/catd1.jpg
3116:, species that were once endemic to Israel.
2532:סַעֲדְיָה בֶּן יוֹסֵף אַלְפַיּוּמִי גָּאוֹן
4123:
4109:
4101:
4045:
2618:Gil, Moshe & Strassler, David (2004).
1144:. One of these rules required the date of
1140:' Code) rather than on observation of the
845:
831:
118:
36:
5012:Burials at the Old Jewish Cemetery, Safed
4326:Mattithiah ha-Kohen b. Ravrevay b. Hanina
4026:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry
3095:, Israel Gukovitzki, London 1992, p. 140.
2125:The fourteen years which Saadia spent in
3670:, appended to Kafih's edition of Daniel.
3607:Published in the Yale Judaica Series as
2988:, Mossad Harav Kook: Jerusalem 1984, p.
2889:Yalqut Teman - Lexicon of Yemenite Jewry
2887:Tobi, Yosef; Seri, Shalom, eds. (2000).
2599:(slug), based on Rashi's translation of
2101:) is a bird that harbingers rain in the
1405:
962:. In 926, Saadia settled permanently in
3768:(with Rabbi Saadia Gaon's Commentary),
3664:Saadia on the Scroll of the Hasmonaeans
3147:, Mekhon Moshe: Kiryat-Ono 2016, p. 12
2610:
2509:
2228:in his encyclopedic philosophical work
458:Maimonidean / Anti-Maimonidean
126:
3818:
3807:
2369:A commentary on the thirteen rules of
2041:63a) names a biblical species of fowl
1973:לָמָּה תְּרַצְדוּן הָרִים גַּבְנֻנִּים
4484:Bebai ha-Levi ben Abba of Nehar Pekod
3429:(in Hebrew) (4 ed.). Jerusalem:
1022:refers to Saadia's native place, the
7:
4977:Translators of the Bible into Arabic
4611:Israel ha-Kohen ben Samuel ben Hofni
3955:. 20/21. University of Utah: 80–87.
3008:, Rubin Mass Ltd.: Jerusalem, p. 59
2962:, Rubin Mass Ltd.: Jerusalem, p. 58
2424:
2027: in Exo. 30:34 (explained in
1982:Why leap ye, ye hunchback mountains?
1366:
4011:SAADIA B. JOSEPH (Sa'id al-Fayyumi)
3972:. Leiden: Brill. pp. 485–508.
3867:Leo Baeck Institute Year Book XXXIV
3272:
3257:
2644:SAADIA B. JOSEPH (Sa'id al-Fayyumi)
2579:
2535:Saʿăḏyā ben Yōsēf ʾal-Fayyūmī Gāʾōn
2531:
2520:
2193:Saadia's Arabic translation of the
2086:
2057:) and says that it is the colorful
2054:
2016:
1383:
1333:
989:, and counting among his ancestors
4662:Daniel ben Eleazer ben Hibat Allah
3306:. Ohio State University: 241–257.
2396:Kitāb jāmiʿ al-ṣalawāt wal-tasābīḥ
1179:(922). In Babylonia, he wrote his
1148:to be postponed if the calculated
1030:; in Hebrew, it is often given as
25:
4596:Zemah Tzedek ben Paltoi ben Issac
4013:, jewishencyclopedia.com; Article
3897:The Book of Doctrines and Beliefs
3798:; et al., eds. (1901–1906).
3739:(Abstract), Haifa University 2017
3562:https://www.hebrewbooks.org/39855
3255:Or what is also spelt in Arabic:
2646:, jewishencyclopedia.com; Article
2338:Kitāb faṣīḥ lughat al-‘ibrāniyyīn
1152:occurred at noon or later. Rabbi
4677:Isaac ben Israel Ibn al-Shuwaykh
3804:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
3784:
3168:is a generic term including the
2413:Kitāb al-amānāt wa-al-iʿatiqādāt
1669:southern white-breasted hedgehog
1320:his translation was based on an
958:or theologian also mentioned by
934:Saadia was born in Dilāẓ in the
906:The Book of Beliefs and Opinions
860:(882/892 – 942) was a prominent
134:
5002:Jewish translators of the Bible
3851:Saadia Gaon: His life and works
2834:The Iggeres of Rav Sherira Gaon
2714:Scheindlin, Raymond P. (2000).
2673:Saadia Gaon: His life and works
970:", where he became a member of
4356:Kohen Tzedek Kahana ben Joseph
4021:Hebrew University of Jerusalem
3534:Machon MosHe 2003 Catalog List
3494:Judah ben Samuel of Regensburg
2675:(1921) 421–428. Jacob Mann, "
2622:. Leiden: Brill. p. 348.
2492:Rabbi Yosef Qafih: Saadia Gaon
402:Mansur ibn Sulayman al-Ghamari
1:
3696:on pages 8-9 of his edition (
3461:Work and Customs in Palestine
2537:; alternative English names:
2237:a cock girded about the loins
55:
4962:Medieval Jewish philosophers
4947:10th-century Egyptian rabbis
4850:Sar Shalom ben Moses ha-Levi
4830:Masliah ben Solomon ha-Cohen
4820:Abiathar ben Elijah ha-Cohen
4565:Hilai ben Natronai ben Hilai
4520:Mesharsheya Kahana ben Jacob
4479:Mari ha-Levi ben Mesharsheya
4454:Mari ha-Kohen of Nehar Pekod
4321:Menahem ben Joseph ben Hiyya
3564:but missing pages רמד-רמה ).
3318:Ben-Shammai, Haggai (2015).
2803:www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org
2677:A fihrist of Sa'adya's works
2563:Saadia ben Joseph Al-Fayyumi
2417:Book of Beliefs and Opinions
1374:
1239:Saadia's influence upon the
617:Eliezer ben Elijah Ashkenazi
4927:10th-century Abbasid rabbis
4825:Solomon ben Elijah ha-Cohen
4815:Elijah ben Solomon ha-Cohen
4800:Solomon ben Joseph ha-Cohen
4672:Isaac ben al-Awani ha-Cohen
4657:Eleazer ben Hillel ben Fahd
4632:Isaac ben Moses ben Sukkari
4616:Azariah ha-Kohen ben Israel
4494:Jacob ha-Kohen ben Mordecai
4052:Yom-Tob Kahana ben R. Jacob
3839:The Jewish Quarterly Review
3681:Or Rišon Beḥokhmat ha-Lašon
3395:(in Hebrew). Translated by
3348:(1966). Yosef Qafih (ed.).
2681:The Jewish Quarterly Review
2232:(The Book of Compilation).
2190:language of the holy text.
2150:An anecdote is reported in
2097:
2023:, such as the Hebrew words
1391:
1341:
5028:
4780:Samuel ben Joseph ha-Cohen
4687:Samuel ben Daniel ha-Cohen
4256:Huna ben ha-Levi ben Isaac
4251:Haninai Kahana ben Abraham
4246:Haninai Kahana ben Abraham
2524:Saʿīd bin Yūsuf al-Fayyūmi
2185:Sign on Saadia Gaon street
1479:Middle East blind mole-rat
732:Menachem Mendel Schneerson
612:Elijah Ba'al Shem of Chelm
29:
4972:Rabbis of Academy of Sura
4922:10th-century philosophers
4881:Mar Isaac of Firuz Shabur
4845:Netanel ben Moses ha-Levi
4835:Moses ben Netanel ha-Levi
4770:Joseph ben Ezrun ha-Cohen
4730:Pinhas ben Jacob ha-Cohen
4667:Hibat Allah ben Abil Rabi
4376:Nehemiah ben Kohen Tzedek
4351:Mebasser Kahana ben Kimoi
4281:Abumai Kahana ben Abraham
4069:
4056:
4048:
3978:10.1163/9789004347403_021
3859:Saadia Anniversary Volume
2559:Saadia ben Joseph of Faym
2255:In his commentary on the
2239:" within Proverbs 30:31 (
2113:) comes into the world."
2024:
1969:
1912:Mediterranean house gecko
1892:
1825:
1753:
1701:
1636:
1570:
1522:
1459:
942:in 892. He immigrated to
887:. Known for his works on
642:Simcha Bunim of Peshischa
435:Hibat Allah Abu'l-Barakat
193:Aristobulus of Alexandria
92:Safed Old Jewish Cemetery
43:
4805:Solomon ben Judah (Gaon)
4785:Jose ben Samuel ha-Cohen
4745:Aaron ben Moses ben Meir
4580:Yom-Tob Kahana ben Jacob
4429:(Mesharsheya b. Tahlifa)
4174:Huna Mari ben Mar Joseph
4164:Rav Rabbah (Rava, Ravah)
3834:Life and works of Saadia
3322:(in Hebrew). Jerusalem:
2746:Stroumsa, Sarah (2003).
2146:Mention in Sefer Hasidim
1990:Saadia Gaon's Commentary
952:Eli ben Yehudah ha-Nazir
911:ancient Greek philosophy
607:Joseph Solomon Delmedigo
5007:Jewish liturgical poets
4967:Philosophers of Judaism
4625:Later Babylonian Geonim
4525:Kohen Tzedek ben Abimai
4474:Haninai Kahana ben Huna
4469:Ahhunai Kahana ben Papa
4276:Kahana ben Haninai Gaon
4266:Isaiah ha-Levi ben Abba
4226:Hananya ben Mesharsheya
3801:The Jewish Encyclopedia
3766:Sefer Yetzirah Hashalem
3030:(Hebrew); Yosef Qafih,
2984:(Hebrew); Yosef Qafih,
2872:Letter of Sherira Gaon.
1086:, in his commentary on
41:Rabbeinu Saʿadiah Gaon
32:Saadia (disambiguation)
4860:Sar Shalom ben Abraham
4735:Jehoshaphat ben Josiah
4652:Zechariah ben Berakhel
4433:Hanina of Nehar Pekkod
4316:Aha Kahana ben Mar Rav
4210:Natroi Kahana b. Emuna
4002:Lecture on Saadia Gaon
2946:), in Leviticus 11:13.
2539:Rabbeinu Saʿadiah Gaon
2431:Tafsīr Kitāb al-Mabādī
2403:Philosophy of religion
2251:Relations to mysticism
2186:
2178:
1993:
1325:their related kinds."
1026:, which is located in
876:who was active in the
858:Saʿadia ben Yosef Gaon
667:Isaac Orobio de Castro
637:Shneur Zalman of Liadi
334:Shem-Tov ibn Falaquera
4987:Grammarians of Hebrew
4957:Egyptian philosophers
4765:Aaron ha-Cohen (Gaon)
4711:Chushiel ben Elchanan
4190:Natronai ben Nehemiah
3560:(available online at
2734:saadia arabic jewish.
2392:Siddur of Saadia Gaon
2184:
2168:
1995:Saadia's approach to
1589:Spiny-tailed lizard (
1411:of Leviticus, ch. 11
1409:Eight Creeping Things
1378:). He interprets the
1277:Method of translation
1258:, the seventh day of
1124:Dispute with Ben Meir
954:in Hebrew), a Jewish
677:Samuel David Luzzatto
647:Samson Raphael Hirsch
268:Spanish and European:
236:Ibn Bajjah (Avempace)
4992:Judeo-Arabic writers
4444:Jacob of Nehar Pekod
4366:Hananiah ben Yehudai
4296:Joseph ben Mar Hiyya
4169:Rav Bosai (Bostanai)
3609:The Book of Theodicy
3326:. pp. 336–373.
3300:Hebrew Annual Review
2695:- 1868, Issue 26–27)
2521:سعيد بن يوسف الفيومي
1772:Fringe-toed lizard (
1291:priestly breastplate
1271:Beliefs and Opinions
966:, known to Jews as "
379:Judah Leon Abravanel
4982:Linguists of Hebrew
4530:Sar Shalom ben Boaz
4291:Abraham ben Sherira
4261:Manasseh ben Joseph
4205:Samuel ben Mar Mari
4032:Project Saadia Gaon
3164:In Greek, the word
2788:- 1868, Issue 26–27
2784:, Hebrew Newspaper
1412:
1191:Appointment as Gaon
1158:Palestinian Gaonate
809:Microcosm–macrocosm
727:Joseph Soloveitchik
397:Natan'el al-Fayyumi
198:Philo of Alexandria
122:Part of a series on
102:Medieval philosophy
4997:People from Faiyum
4952:Medieval Hebraists
4932:Bible commentators
4912:9th-century births
4840:Abraham ben Mazhir
4810:Daniel ben Azariah
4575:Jacob ben Natronai
4570:Shalom ben Mishael
4535:Natronai ben Hilai
4510:Hilai ben Hananiah
4301:Isaac ben Hananiah
3925:Gyongyi Hegedeus,
3543:2014-08-31 at the
3110:Mustela subpalmata
3006:Flora of the Bible
2960:Flora of the Bible
2442:Polemical writings
2319:Hebrew linguistics
2313:Megillat Antiochus
2311:Saadia translated
2265:creation ex nihilo
2241:Douay–Rheims Bible
2187:
2179:
2059:European bee-eater
1844:Chameleon lizard (
1592:Uromastyx aegyptia
1419:Leviticus 11:29–30
1406:
1353:to represent the "
1118:Natronai ben Hilai
1116:, the grandson of
889:Hebrew linguistics
722:Abraham Isaac Kook
702:Monsieur Chouchani
304:Joseph ibn Tzaddik
274:Hasdai ibn Shaprut
241:Ismaili philosophy
231:Brethren of Purity
27:10th-century rabbi
4942:Jewish apologists
4899:
4898:
4760:Abraham ben Aaron
4682:Ali ben Zechariah
4585:Saadia ben Joseph
4545:Nahshon ben Zadok
4506:(Issac ben Jesse)
4371:Aaron ibn Sargado
4141:Pumbedita Academy
4099:
4098:
4079:
4078:
4070:Succeeded by
3987:978-90-04-34716-8
3918:978-0-521-65207-0
3877:(November 1993).
3817:Missing or empty
3810:cite encyclopedia
3683:, Jerusalem 1997.
3431:Mossad Harav Kook
3153:978-965-90818-9-9
3071:978-965-90818-9-9
3014:978-965-09-0308-7
2968:978-965-09-0308-7
2782:Abraham Firkovich
2757:978-0-521-65207-0
2585:Abraham ben David
2555:Saadia ben Joseph
2498:Jewish philosophy
2360:Halakhic writings
2095:
2044:
2043:(Leviticus 11:18)
1997:rabbinic exegesis
1948:
1947:
1904:
1888:
1837:
1821:
1765:
1749:
1713:
1697:
1648:
1632:
1582:
1566:
1534:
1518:
1471:
1455:
1448:
1439:
1430:
1420:
1389:
1372:
1347:Deuteronomy 33:17
1339:
1319:
1304:mentioned in the
1229:Aaron ibn Sargado
1160:(then located in
1150:lunar conjunction
964:Lower Mesopotamia
897:Jewish philosophy
878:Abbasid Caliphate
872:philosopher, and
855:
854:
692:Eliezer Berkovits
682:Elijah Benamozegh
672:Moses Mendelssohn
587:Francisco Sanches
546:Reconstructionist
349:Isaac ben Sheshet
344:Moses of Narbonne
324:Samuel ibn Tibbon
284:Abraham bar Hiyya
128:Jewish philosophy
117:
116:
16:(Redirected from
5019:
4855:Ezra ben Abraham
4795:Josiah ben Aaron
4740:Semah ben Josiah
4706:Jacob ben Nissim
4698:Kairouan Academy
4601:Samuel ben Hofni
4591:Joseph ben Jacob
4550:Zemah ben Hayyim
4439:Hillai of Naresh
4361:Zemah ben Kafnai
4336:Zemah ben Paltoi
4311:Paltoi ben Abaye
4271:Joseph ben Shila
4220:Dodai ben Nahman
4154:Mari ben R. Dimi
4125:
4118:
4111:
4102:
4081:
4080:
4073:Joseph ben Jacob
4049:Preceded by
4046:
3991:
3964:
3922:
3892:
3870:
3826:
3820:
3815:
3813:
3805:
3788:
3787:
3773:
3763:
3757:
3746:
3740:
3733:
3727:
3726:
3707:
3701:
3690:
3684:
3677:
3671:
3656:
3650:
3639:
3633:
3622:
3616:
3605:
3599:
3588:
3582:
3571:
3565:
3554:
3548:
3526:
3520:
3517:
3511:
3510:
3508:
3506:
3490:
3484:
3483:
3452:
3443:
3442:
3415:
3409:
3408:
3385:
3379:
3368:
3362:
3361:
3342:
3336:
3335:
3324:Bialik Institute
3315:
3295:
3289:
3283:
3277:
3275:
3274:
3268:
3262:
3260:
3259:
3253:
3247:
3241:
3235:
3226:, but in Arabic
3216:
3210:
3187:
3181:
3162:
3156:
3138:
3117:
3108:, thought to be
3102:
3096:
3090:
3073:
3056:
3035:
2999:
2993:
2953:
2947:
2933:
2927:
2926:
2907:
2901:
2900:
2884:
2873:
2870:
2864:
2861:
2855:
2852:
2846:
2845:
2826:
2820:
2813:
2807:
2806:
2795:
2789:
2779:
2773:
2768:
2762:
2761:
2743:
2737:
2736:
2721:
2711:
2705:
2702:
2696:
2689:Sefer Ha-Iggaron
2657:Abraham ibn Daud
2653:
2647:
2641:
2635:
2633:
2615:
2604:
2582:
2581:
2571:
2565:
2551:Saadia b. Joseph
2533:
2522:
2514:
2409:Emunoth ve-Deoth
2336:, also known as
2215:Abraham ibn Ezra
2132:Abraham ibn Daud
2109:arrives, mercy (
2100:
2090:
2088:
2075:Egyptian vulture
2056:
2042:
2026:
2018:
1991:
1977:
1958:Kitāb al-Tasābiḥ
1898:
1894:
1886:
1831:
1827:
1819:
1759:
1755:
1747:
1707:
1703:
1695:
1642:
1638:
1630:
1576:
1572:
1564:
1528:
1524:
1516:
1465:
1461:
1453:
1446:
1437:
1428:
1418:
1413:
1397:Deuteronomy 14:5
1394:
1388:romanized:
1387:
1385:
1377:
1371:romanized:
1370:
1368:
1344:
1338:romanized:
1337:
1335:
1314:11:13–19;
1309:
1295:Abraham ibn Ezra
1225:Greater Khorasan
1173:David ben Zakkai
1114:Joseph ben Jacob
1099:David ben Zakkai
1084:Abraham ibn Ezra
1061:Rabbinic Judaism
999:Palestinian gaon
919:Rabbinic Judaism
847:
840:
833:
750:
707:Emmanuel Levinas
498:
329:Joseph ben Judah
309:Abraham ibn Ezra
299:Abraham ibn Daud
289:Bahya ibn Paquda
256:Rabbinic Judaism
218:
149:
138:
119:
57:
45:
44:רבינו סעדיה גאון
37:
21:
5027:
5026:
5022:
5021:
5020:
5018:
5017:
5016:
4902:
4901:
4900:
4895:
4869:
4715:
4691:
4620:
4606:Dosa ben Saadia
4560:Hai ben Nahshon
4395:
4346:Kimoi ben Ahhai
4306:Joseph ben Abba
4286:Joseph ben Abba
4236:Rabba ben Dodai
4179:Hiyya of Meshan
4159:Rav Hana (Huna)
4149:Hanan of Iskiya
4134:
4129:
4095:
4093:
4075:
4066:
4054:
3998:
3988:
3967:
3950:
3947:
3945:Further reading
3919:
3906:
3889:
3873:
3864:
3845:(1893) 177–199.
3816:
3806:
3796:Singer, Isidore
3794:
3785:
3781:
3776:
3764:
3760:
3747:
3743:
3734:
3730:
3709:
3708:
3704:
3691:
3687:
3678:
3674:
3657:
3653:
3640:
3636:
3623:
3619:
3606:
3602:
3589:
3585:
3572:
3568:
3555:
3551:
3545:Wayback Machine
3527:
3523:
3518:
3514:
3504:
3502:
3492:
3491:
3487:
3472:
3471:9789950385-00-9
3454:
3453:
3446:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3387:
3386:
3382:
3369:
3365:
3344:
3343:
3339:
3317:
3297:
3296:
3292:
3284:
3280:
3269:
3265:
3254:
3250:
3242:
3238:
3217:
3213:
3188:
3184:
3163:
3159:
3145:Shmona Shratzim
3139:
3120:
3114:Mustela nivalis
3103:
3099:
3091:
3076:
3063:Shmona Shratzim
3057:
3038:
3000:
2996:
2954:
2950:
2934:
2930:
2909:
2908:
2904:
2886:
2885:
2876:
2871:
2867:
2862:
2858:
2853:
2849:
2828:
2827:
2823:
2814:
2810:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2780:
2776:
2769:
2765:
2758:
2745:
2744:
2740:
2730:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2704:Bar Ilan CD-ROM
2703:
2699:
2654:
2650:
2642:
2638:
2630:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2607:
2572:
2568:
2515:
2511:
2506:
2488:
2453:Japheth ha-Levi
2444:
2405:
2362:
2333:Kutub al-Lughah
2321:
2299:Kitāb al-tasbiḥ
2282:
2277:
2253:
2163:
2148:
2119:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1943:
1937:
1923:
1919:
1910:
1897:
1887:Leviticus 11:30
1880:
1874:
1860:
1856:
1843:
1830:
1820:Leviticus 11:30
1813:
1807:
1794:
1790:
1779:
1775:Acanthodactylus
1771:
1758:
1748:Leviticus 11:30
1741:
1735:
1719:
1706:
1696:Leviticus 11:30
1683:
1677:
1667:
1663:
1654:
1641:
1631:Leviticus 11:30
1624:
1618:
1605:
1601:
1588:
1575:
1565:Leviticus 11:29
1558:
1552:
1540:
1527:
1517:Leviticus 11:29
1510:
1504:
1490:
1486:
1477:
1464:
1454:Leviticus 11:29
1445:
1436:
1427:
1417:
1318:14:12–18)
1279:
1237:
1193:
1181:Sefer haMo'adim
1177:Jewish diaspora
1130:Hebrew calendar
1126:
1092:Leviticus 23:15
1072:triennial cycle
1057:Karaite Judaism
991:Hanina ben Dosa
932:
927:
915:Karaite Judaism
851:
822:
821:
818:
751:
748:
741:
740:
737:
736:
717:Gershom Scholem
697:Eliyahu Dessler
576:
575:
499:
494:
487:
486:
483:
482:
445:
444:
407:
406:
384:
383:
374:Isaac Abarbanel
364:Elia del Medigo
261:
260:
219:
214:
207:
206:
203:
202:
182:
181:
150:
145:
112:Dosa ben Saadia
83:
78:
69:
59:
47:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5025:
5023:
5015:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4904:
4903:
4897:
4896:
4894:
4893:
4891:Simeon Kayyara
4888:
4883:
4877:
4875:
4871:
4870:
4868:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4755:Aaron ben Meir
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4726:
4724:
4722:Land of Israel
4720:Geonim in the
4717:
4716:
4714:
4713:
4708:
4702:
4700:
4693:
4692:
4690:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4647:Samuel ben Ali
4644:
4642:Solomon (Gaon)
4639:
4634:
4628:
4626:
4622:
4621:
4619:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4515:Kimoi ben Ashi
4512:
4507:
4504:Zadok ben Ashi
4501:
4496:
4491:
4489:Hilai ben Mari
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4430:
4424:
4418:
4412:
4406:
4404:
4397:
4396:
4394:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4217:
4215:Abraham Kahana
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4145:
4143:
4136:
4135:
4130:
4128:
4127:
4120:
4113:
4105:
4097:
4096:
4084:
4077:
4076:
4071:
4068:
4055:
4050:
4044:
4043:
4034:
4028:
4023:
4014:
4008:
4006:Henry Abramson
3997:
3996:External links
3994:
3993:
3992:
3986:
3965:
3953:Hebrew Studies
3946:
3943:
3942:
3941:
3938:Sa'adiyah Gaon
3936:Robert Brody,
3934:
3923:
3917:
3904:
3893:
3887:
3871:
3862:
3855:
3848:Henry Malter,
3846:
3830:M. Friedländer
3827:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3774:
3758:
3741:
3735:Ayelet Cohen,
3728:
3702:
3685:
3672:
3651:
3634:
3617:
3600:
3583:
3566:
3549:
3521:
3512:
3485:
3470:
3456:Dalman, Gustaf
3444:
3433:. p. 97.
3410:
3380:
3363:
3337:
3290:
3278:
3263:
3248:
3236:
3211:
3182:
3157:
3118:
3097:
3074:
3036:
2994:
2948:
2928:
2902:
2874:
2865:
2856:
2847:
2821:
2817:Herzog College
2808:
2790:
2774:
2763:
2756:
2738:
2728:
2706:
2697:
2648:
2636:
2628:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2566:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2487:
2484:
2483:
2482:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2463:Hiwi al-Balkhi
2459:
2456:
2449:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2435:Sefer Yetzirah
2428:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2399:
2388:
2382:
2375:Nahum Ma'arabi
2367:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2356:
2341:
2329:
2320:
2317:
2309:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2257:Sefer Yetzirah
2252:
2249:
2230:Sefer Hahibbur
2162:
2159:
2147:
2144:
2118:
2115:
1987:
1967:
1953:Book of Psalms
1946:
1945:
1932:
1914:
1905:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1869:
1851:
1838:
1822:
1816:
1815:
1802:
1785:
1766:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1730:
1727:
1720:Agama lizard (
1714:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1672:
1658:
1656:monitor lizard
1649:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1613:
1596:
1583:
1567:
1561:
1560:
1547:
1544:
1535:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1499:
1481:
1472:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1440:
1431:
1429:(Judeo-Arabic)
1424:
1421:
1322:oral tradition
1278:
1275:
1256:Hoshana Rabbah
1236:
1233:
1218:excommunicated
1192:
1189:
1183:, or "Book of
1167:Saadia was in
1156:, head of the
1154:Aaron ben Meïr
1125:
1122:
1059:in defense of
1053:Anan ben David
1002:Aaron ben Meïr
979:Sefer ha-Galui
931:
928:
926:
923:
917:in defense of
853:
852:
850:
849:
842:
835:
827:
824:
823:
820:
819:
817:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
755:
752:
747:
746:
743:
742:
739:
738:
735:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
652:Jacob Abendana
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
622:Tzvi Ashkenazi
619:
614:
609:
604:
602:Salomon Maimon
599:
597:Baruch Spinoza
594:
592:Uriel da Costa
589:
583:
579:
577:
574:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
541:Existentialist
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
507:
503:
500:
493:
492:
489:
488:
485:
484:
481:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
454:
450:
447:
446:
443:
442:
437:
432:
427:
422:
416:
412:
409:
408:
405:
404:
399:
393:
389:
386:
385:
382:
381:
376:
371:
366:
361:
356:
354:Hasdai Crescas
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
321:
316:
311:
306:
301:
296:
291:
286:
281:
276:
270:
266:
263:
262:
259:
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
227:
225:Influenced by:
223:
220:
213:
212:
209:
208:
205:
204:
201:
200:
195:
189:
185:
183:
180:
179:
174:
169:
164:
158:
154:
151:
144:
143:
140:
139:
131:
130:
124:
123:
115:
114:
109:
105:
104:
99:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
79:
75:
71:
70:
60:
53:
49:
48:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5024:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4909:
4907:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4878:
4876:
4872:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4727:
4725:
4723:
4718:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4703:
4701:
4699:
4694:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4629:
4627:
4623:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:(Saadia Gaon)
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4434:
4431:
4428:
4425:
4422:
4419:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4403:
4398:
4392:
4391:Hezekiah Gaon
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4341:Hai ben David
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4331:Abba ben Ammi
4329:
4327:
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4317:
4314:
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4309:
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4231:Malka ben Aha
4229:
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4221:
4218:
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4208:
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3989:
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3928:
3924:
3920:
3914:
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3905:
3902:
3898:
3895:Saadya Gaon,
3894:
3890:
3888:0-89906-237-7
3884:
3880:
3876:
3872:
3868:
3863:
3860:
3856:
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3828:
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3803:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3791:public domain
3783:
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3252:
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3220:Seder Taharot
3215:
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3129:
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3119:
3115:
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3107:
3104:According to
3101:
3098:
3094:
3089:
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2809:
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2800:
2799:"Saadia Gaon"
2794:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2767:
2764:
2759:
2753:
2749:
2742:
2739:
2735:
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2729:9780195139419
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2701:
2698:
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2678:
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2649:
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2640:
2637:
2631:
2629:90-04-13882-X
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2602:
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2407:
2406:
2402:
2397:
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2376:
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2371:Rabbi Ishmael
2368:
2364:
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2250:
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2222:
2220:
2216:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2200:
2196:
2191:
2183:
2176:
2172:
2171:HaHashmona’im
2167:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2153:Sefer Hasidim
2145:
2143:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2099:
2093:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2052:
2048:
2040:
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2032:
2031:
2022:
2014:
2010:
2005:
2003:
1998:
1985:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1954:
1941:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1926:
1922:
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1410:
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1402:
1398:
1393:
1381:
1376:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1351:Modern Hebrew
1348:
1343:
1331:
1326:
1323:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1303:
1298:
1296:
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1288:
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1276:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1261:
1257:
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1248:
1242:
1241:Jews of Yemen
1234:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1207:
1202:
1199:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1146:Rosh Hashanah
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1080:Rosh Hashanah
1077:
1073:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
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1044:
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1037:
1033:
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1018:
1013:
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1003:
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988:
984:
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975:
973:
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965:
961:
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949:
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929:
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922:
920:
916:
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908:
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898:
894:
890:
886:
881:
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875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
848:
843:
841:
836:
834:
829:
828:
826:
825:
815:
814:Righteousness
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
764:Chosen people
762:
760:
757:
756:
754:
753:
745:
744:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
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713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
657:Isaac Cardoso
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
632:Samuel Hirsch
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
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584:
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572:
569:
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559:
557:
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497:
491:
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479:
476:
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471:
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459:
456:
455:
453:
449:
448:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
420:Isaac Israeli
418:
417:
415:
411:
410:
403:
400:
398:
395:
394:
392:
388:
387:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
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327:
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257:
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137:
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129:
125:
121:
120:
113:
110:
106:
103:
100:
96:
93:
90:
86:
82:
76:
72:
67:
64:(present-day
63:
54:
50:
38:
33:
19:
4790:Shemaya Gaon
4750:Isaac (Gaon)
4584:
4464:Yehudai Gaon
4410:Mar ben Huna
4402:Sura Academy
4381:Sherira Gaon
4063:Sura Academy
4057:
4037:Tafsir Rasag
3969:
3952:
3937:
3926:
3908:
3896:
3878:
3866:
3861:(1943) 9–74.
3858:
3849:
3842:
3837:
3819:|title=
3799:
3765:
3761:
3744:
3736:
3731:
3714:
3710:
3705:
3688:
3680:
3679:Aron Dotan,
3675:
3654:
3637:
3620:
3603:
3586:
3569:
3552:
3524:
3515:
3503:. Retrieved
3498:
3488:
3460:
3426:
3418:
3413:
3397:Qafih, Yosef
3392:
3388:
3383:
3375:
3374:is used for
3371:
3366:
3349:
3345:
3340:
3319:
3303:
3299:
3293:
3285:
3281:
3266:
3251:
3243:
3239:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3219:
3214:
3185:
3165:
3160:
3144:
3100:
3092:
3062:
3031:
3005:
2997:
2990:125 (note 7)
2985:
2959:
2951:
2944:Steppe eagle
2939:
2935:
2931:
2914:
2910:
2905:
2888:
2868:
2859:
2850:
2833:
2830:Sherira Gaon
2824:
2811:
2802:
2793:
2785:
2777:
2766:
2747:
2741:
2733:
2717:
2709:
2700:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2672:
2665:Henry Malter
2651:
2639:
2619:
2613:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2569:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2523:
2512:
2478:
2430:
2416:
2412:
2395:
2345:Hebrew Bible
2337:
2331:
2324:
2310:
2298:
2283:
2254:
2234:
2229:
2223:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2192:
2188:
2161:Significance
2151:
2149:
2124:
2120:
2110:
2106:
2078:
2070:
2069:writes that
2062:
2046:
2038:
2036:
2028:
2006:
1994:
1968:
1957:
1951:
1949:
1939:
1934:
1928:
1920:
1916:
1907:
1900:
1891:
1876:
1871:
1865:
1857:
1853:
1845:
1840:
1833:
1824:
1809:
1804:
1796:
1791:
1787:
1773:
1768:
1761:
1752:
1737:
1732:
1721:
1716:
1709:
1700:
1685:
1679:
1674:
1664:
1660:
1651:
1644:
1635:
1620:
1615:
1607:
1602:
1598:
1590:
1585:
1578:
1569:
1554:
1549:
1537:
1530:
1521:
1506:
1501:
1492:
1487:
1483:
1474:
1467:
1458:
1438:(Old French)
1423:Hebrew Word
1408:
1379:
1375:al-karkadann
1363:Judeo-Arabic
1329:
1327:
1306:Hebrew Bible
1302:unclean fowl
1299:
1286:
1280:
1270:
1266:
1264:
1246:
1238:
1222:
1210:
1203:
1194:
1180:
1166:
1142:lunar phases
1127:
1111:
1107:Mata Mehasya
1096:
1088:Exodus 21:24
1069:
1046:
1040:
1031:
1028:Middle Egypt
1019:
1014:
978:
976:
972:Sura Academy
940:Middle Egypt
933:
904:
901:Jewish Kalam
885:Judeo-Arabic
882:
857:
856:
712:Martin Buber
580:
531:Conservative
504:
451:
424:
413:
390:
294:Judah Halevi
267:
246:Jewish Kalam
224:
186:
155:
88:Burial place
18:Saadiah Gaon
4637:Eli ha-Levi
4427:Rav Sheshna
4241:Rav Shinwai
4222:(Rav Dorai)
4200:Joseph Gaon
3875:Wein, Berel
3770:Yosef Qafih
3750:Yosef Kafih
3711:Saadia Gaon
3668:Yosef Kafih
3643:Yosef Kafih
3626:Yosef Kafih
3592:Yosef Kafih
3575:Yosef Kafih
3558:Yosef Kafih
3423:Yosef Qafih
3419:Saadia Gaon
3244:Krokódeilos
3028:2012-426122
2982:2012-426122
2911:Saadia Gaon
2819:(in Hebrew)
2683:new series
2575:Yosef Qafih
2479:rosh galuth
2199:Arabization
2173:streets in
2117:Later years
2061:called the
2017:עַצְּבוֹתָם
1901:ha-tinšameṯ
1625:Big lizard
1621:krokódeilos
1616:κροκόδειλος
1542:house mouse
1426:Saadia Gaon
1316:Deuteronomy
1206:Abba Arikha
1198:Resh Kallah
1045:called the
977:Saadia, in
769:Eschatology
662:David Nieto
627:Jacob Emden
561:Neo-Hasidic
440:Ibn Kammuna
430:al-Mukkamas
425:Saadia Gaon
359:Joseph Albo
319:Nachmanides
279:Ibn Gabirol
147:Hellenistic
77:May 16, 942
4917:942 deaths
4906:Categories
4886:Achai Gaon
4540:Amram Gaon
4499:Rav Abimai
4459:Achai Gaon
4449:Rav Samuel
4195:Judah Gaon
3779:References
3505:31 October
3480:1040774903
3193:), voles (
3176:, and the
3141:Zohar Amar
3059:Zohar Amar
3002:Zohar Amar
2956:Zohar Amar
2669:Postscript
2589:Posquières
2448:citations.
1762:ha-leṭa’ah
1742:Chameleon
1738:chamailéon
1443:Septuagint
1359:rhinoceros
1252:Yom Kippur
1138:Maimonides
1043:dictionary
1020:al-Fayyumi
1015:The usual
956:mutakallim
930:Early life
687:Moses Hess
505:Positions:
452:Positions:
369:Judah Minz
339:Gersonides
314:Maimonides
177:Boethusian
156:Positions:
4696:Deans of
4555:Rav Malka
4435:(Hinenai)
4421:Rav Hunai
4417:(Hinenai)
4400:Deans of
4186:(Moronai)
4184:Rav Rabya
4139:Deans of
3723:989874916
3439:232667032
3405:741156698
3358:868644462
3332:909032204
3312:231040805
3021:783455868
2975:783455868
2923:989874916
2897:609321911
2842:923562173
2593:responsum
2425:Ivry 1989
2366:survived.
2349:Hebraisms
2245:aesthetic
2226:Berachyah
2136:Babylonia
2127:Babylonia
2092:romanized
2079:sheraqraq
2063:sheraqraq
2045:known as
1847:Chamaeleo
1810:kalavótis
1805:καλαβώτης
1733:χαμαιλέων
1687:Crocidura
1645:ha-anaqah
1531:ha-ʿaḫbar
1382:(Hebrew:
1345:), as in
1332:(Hebrew:
1312:Leviticus
1245:Yemenite
1235:Influence
1213:Pumbedita
1185:Festivals
1134:Hillel II
1065:Palestine
1010:Holy Land
985:, son of
968:Babylonia
944:Palestine
925:Biography
799:Holocaust
789:Happiness
571:Rambamist
551:Holocaust
526:Chassidic
516:Sephardic
463:Kabbalist
391:Yemenite:
167:Sadducean
162:Hasmonean
4386:Hai Gaon
4067:928-942
3961:27908661
3713:(2011).
3541:Archived
3458:(2013).
3421:(1984).
3391:(2010).
3372:צלמניהון
3273:سام أبرص
3228:dhafadaʿ
3199:hamsters
3195:Microtus
2992:(Hebrew)
2913:(2011).
2832:(1988).
2786:Hamelitz
2693:Hamelitz
2486:See also
2385:Responsa
2294:Megillot
2280:Exegesis
2175:Tel Aviv
2098:šiqirrāq
1988:—
1978:
1962:exegesis
1834:ha-ḥomeṭ
1795:Lizard (
1792:laiserde
1769:אלעצ'איה
1717:אלחרד'ון
1491:Weasel (
1468:ha-ḥoled
1367:אלכרכדאן
1103:Exilarch
1076:Passover
960:ibn Ḥazm
948:Tiberias
794:Holiness
511:Orthodox
478:Tosafist
473:Talmudic
251:Kabbalah
216:Medieval
172:Pharisee
108:Children
58:July 892
4061:of the
4041:Sefaria
4004:by Dr.
3901:Hackett
3793::
3425:(ed.).
3258:العظاية
3232:Taharot
3207:jerboas
3203:gerbils
2940:ʿozniah
2661:Genizah
2415:), the
2353:Mishnah
2351:of the
2269:Abraham
2111:raḥamīm
2094::
2073:is the
1940:aspálax
1935:ασπάλαξ
1908:אלסמברץ
1895:
1881:Lizard
1828:
1798:Lacerta
1782:Lacerta
1756:
1710:ha-koaḥ
1704:
1684:Shrew (
1665:heriçon
1639:
1573:
1525:
1511:Weasel
1494:Mustela
1488:mustele
1484:מושטילא
1462:
1447:(Greek)
1416:Source
1401:giraffe
893:halakha
874:exegete
804:Messiah
581:People:
556:Renewal
468:Karaism
187:People:
46:
4937:Geonim
4874:Others
4423:(Huna)
4415:Hanina
4132:Geonim
3984:
3959:
3933:, 2013
3915:
3903:, 2002
3885:
3721:
3613:p. xiv
3478:
3468:
3437:
3403:
3389:Saadia
3356:
3346:Saadia
3330:
3310:
3209:, etc.
3191:Rattus
3174:ferret
3170:weasel
3151:
3069:
3026:
3019:
3012:
2980:
2973:
2966:
2921:
2895:
2840:
2754:
2726:
2626:
2597:limace
2573:Rabbi
2528:Hebrew
2517:Arabic
2379:Azulai
2307:Daniel
2291:Isaiah
2103:Levant
2083:Arabic
2067:Humash
2051:Hebrew
2039:Hullin
2030:Taanit
2025:בד בבד
2021:Talmud
2013:Hebrew
2009:Targum
1931:spp.)
1893:התנשמת
1868:spp.)
1858:limace
1850:spp.)
1841:אלחרבא
1801:spp.)
1788:לישרדה
1784:spp.)
1726:spp.)
1690:spp.)
1680:mygáli
1675:μυγάλη
1612:spp.)
1606:Toad (
1579:ha-ṣav
1559:Mouse
1523:העכבּר
1475:אלכ'לד
1384:זָֽמֶר
1287:Tafsīr
1267:Tafsir
1260:Sukkot
1247:tiklāl
1169:Aleppo
1101:, the
1036:Pithom
1032:Pitomi
1024:Fayyum
983:Shelah
936:Faiyum
895:, and
870:Jewish
774:Ethics
749:Topics
566:Mussar
536:Reform
521:Chabad
496:Modern
414:Other:
62:Fayyum
4865:Sadoq
4775:Ezrun
3957:JSTOR
3931:Brill
3694:Kafih
3376:עצבות
3224:צפרדע
3178:stoat
2942:(the
2580:حرباء
2561:; or
2504:Notes
2421:Philo
2326:Agron
2288:Torah
2275:Works
2261:Kalam
2219:Spain
2195:Torah
2107:raḥam
2087:شقراق
2071:raḥam
2047:raḥam
2002:Sages
1944:Mole
1929:Talpa
1921:talpe
1877:sávra
1872:σαύρα
1866:Limax
1854:לימצא
1814:Newt
1778:spp.)
1754:הלטאה
1723:Agama
1661:הריון
1652:אלורל
1637:האנקה
1603:froit
1599:פוייט
1586:אלצ'ב
1538:אלפאר
1460:החֹלד
1434:Rashi
1395:) in
1392:zāmer
1380:zamer
1342:rəʾēm
1330:Re'em
1283:Torah
1162:Ramla
1048:Agron
1017:nisba
1006:Jaffa
987:Judah
862:rabbi
779:Faith
759:Anger
66:Egypt
4059:Gaon
3982:ISBN
3913:ISBN
3883:ISBN
3823:help
3719:OCLC
3507:2017
3476:OCLC
3466:ISBN
3435:OCLC
3401:OCLC
3354:OCLC
3328:OCLC
3308:OCLC
3166:gale
3149:ISBN
3106:Amar
3067:ISBN
3024:LCCN
3017:OCLC
3010:ISBN
2978:LCCN
2971:OCLC
2964:ISBN
2919:OCLC
2893:OCLC
2838:OCLC
2752:ISBN
2724:ISBN
2624:ISBN
2390:The
2140:Sura
1925:Mole
1917:טלפא
1862:Slug
1826:החמט
1729:xxx
1609:Bufo
1546:xxx
1507:gale
1502:γαλἡ
1496:spp.
1355:oryx
1090:and
1078:and
995:Dosa
866:gaon
81:Sura
74:Died
52:Born
4039:at
3974:doi
3836:",
3832:, "
3197:),
3112:or
2679:",
2671:",
2667:, "
2601:חמט
2587:of
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1571:הצב
1555:mys
1550:μυς
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1399:as
1334:ראם
1094:).
938:in
784:God
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