83:(BJP) has said that several Indian history textbooks had overt Marxist or Eurocentric political overtones. The BJP has had trouble changing the textbooks, because many states in which the BJP is not in power have blocked saffronisation efforts. The BJP, citing a rigid anti-Hindu agenda, restructured NCERT and the Indian Council of Historical Research (ICHR) to make textbooks conform to the BJP's Hindu nationalist platform. In states where the BJP had control of local government, textbooks were changed extensively to favor a Hindu nationalist narrative. These changes included the omission of caste-based exclusion and violence throughout Indian history, and the exclusion or minimization of contributions to Indian society made by Muslims.
142:. The textbooks that had been approved up to the 2012–13 academic session were rendered obsolete under the rewriting of history, and those books were auctioned off. In total, 5,66 crore new textbooks were ordered printed for an agenda that critics described was intent on supporting the saffronisation of textbooks. Rajasthan (primary and secondary) education minister Vasudev Devnani denied the charge of saffronisation, but educationists described his decision as the "Hinduisation of education" that occurs when right-wing forces come to power.
104:
in India is one such hotly-contested epoch among historians. Since there can be no true consensus about that era due to divided and deeply entrenched political motivations, history for that period is highly subjective and particularly vulnerable to the influence of the textbook writer's sympathies
109:. Critics have said that the changes to the textbooks have portrayed the medieval period as "a dark age of Islamic colonial rule which snuffed out the glories of the Hindu and Buddhist empires that preceded it". Another trap in the politicisation of history relates to contention over the state of
133:
The state government of
Rajasthan reportedly spent Rs 37 crore to reprint 36 textbooks used for classes 1 to 8 for the 2016–2017 academic session that will be based on an agenda that would promote Indian culture by including historical figures, such as
130:, and during that meeting, the issue of changing textbooks was discussed. An official from the ICHR complained that the theme of nationalism did not receive proper treatment in textbooks, setting the stage for possible textbook revisions.
99:
reviewed the issue of saffronisation of Indian textbooks in late 2014, it noted that right-wing efforts to change how textbooks recount history faced "some difficulty as it lacks credible historians to back its claims." The
635:
567:
665:
123:
951:
149:
has reportedly ordered new textbooks for the 2017–18 academic session in an effort that academicians and critics have described as a "blatant attempt to saffronise textbooks".
516:
404:
627:
813:
459:
946:
1175:
1579:
2100:
853:
1333:
541:
274:
127:
657:
317:
2070:
919:
59:, in which it is associated with the renunciation of worldly desire, purity, and devotion. Saffron is widely seen as a representative of
806:
110:
1833:
1107:
706:
384:
2105:
2029:
1843:
1454:
1400:
2095:
2049:
2014:
1680:
1572:
725:
2019:
1730:
799:
44:
governments in India that attempted to glorify Hindu contributions to Indian history while undermining other contributions.
2075:
1063:
848:
2090:
1472:
1311:
734:
1645:
1509:
1051:
897:
86:
Efforts were undertaken in 2004 to reverse the saffronisation of textbooks previously made by BJP, spearheaded by the
698:
2080:
1908:
1776:
1565:
1459:
750:
Bhatt, Chetan & Mukta, Parita (2000). "Hindutva in the West: mapping the antinomies of diaspora nationalism".
105:
and outlook. "The choice of the textbook writer is more decisive than anything else," it was noted in a report in
1705:
1622:
738:
594:
1766:
1710:
1222:
1073:
1008:
936:
214:
204:
165:
87:
36:
that seeks to implement a Hindu nationalist agenda, for example onto school textbooks. Critics have used this
1953:
1848:
1802:
1700:
1348:
1204:
1155:
195:
debates about the demolition, and consequences of said demolition. This has led to a polarized perspective.
2034:
1873:
1745:
1660:
1489:
858:
80:
1670:
1291:
1254:
1210:
822:
433:
67:. However in current times it has been extensively and almost solely used as a political symbol by the
1838:
1828:
1526:
1494:
966:
264:
2024:
1943:
1903:
1878:
1531:
1504:
1102:
914:
907:
721:
37:
781:"Pedagogical Curricula and Educational Media: The Malignancy of Saffronised Otherisation in India"
780:
332:
Bhattacharya, Neeladri (2009). "Teaching
History in Schools: The Politics of Textbooks in India".
1893:
1868:
1781:
1612:
1187:
875:
767:
357:
349:
118:
2085:
1883:
1602:
1588:
1521:
1140:
702:
602:
380:
313:
307:
139:
1913:
1499:
1432:
1364:
1160:
759:
341:
126:, which is in charge of publishing textbooks, had participated in a meeting convened by the
64:
306:
Marty, Martin E.; Appleby, R. Scott; Sciences, American
Academy of Arts and (1 July 1994),
2039:
1993:
1973:
1888:
1761:
1740:
1685:
1546:
1466:
1444:
1427:
1234:
1199:
1040:
1030:
986:
981:
880:
843:
488:
234:
169:
95:
52:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1771:
1675:
1536:
1439:
1422:
1338:
1318:
1286:
1239:
1182:
1170:
1129:
1124:
1090:
1080:
1058:
1020:
991:
976:
926:
902:
833:
209:
188:
180:
157:
153:
2064:
1998:
1968:
1938:
1918:
1735:
1715:
1650:
1516:
1449:
1390:
1323:
1306:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1244:
1217:
1150:
1134:
1119:
1114:
1068:
1046:
1035:
1025:
1015:
998:
941:
931:
865:
771:
377:
Manufacturing
Citizenship: education and nationalism in Europe, South Asia, and China
361:
694:
Manufacturing
Citizenship: education and nationalism in Europe, South Asia and China
2044:
1983:
1978:
1898:
1725:
1395:
1374:
1343:
1328:
1301:
1296:
1249:
1194:
1145:
1097:
1085:
1003:
971:
961:
956:
838:
717:
184:
692:
1948:
1695:
1541:
1369:
1165:
870:
517:"Saffronisation ? Raje scraps Cong textbooks, spends Rs 37 cr on new ones"
1988:
1958:
1807:
1797:
1720:
1690:
1655:
288:
606:
1963:
1665:
890:
885:
763:
742:
493:
269:
146:
135:
568:"'Nathuram Godse was a patriot,' says BJP's Pragya Thakur; sparks outrage"
1607:
345:
161:
68:
60:
56:
41:
791:
353:
1812:
192:
1557:
460:"Saffronising textbooks : Where myth and dogma replace history"
658:"President unveils Savarkar portrait in Central Hall of Parliament"
90:, India's second biggest political party and the BJP's main rival.
176:
101:
33:
175:
Some major changes include the removal of chapters dealing with
1561:
795:
183:
rule in India. Recent changes involve replacement of the name
405:"Saffronization fears over history textbooks rewrite plans"
187:
with "a 3-dome structure" and removal of discussions about
628:"Port Blair airport gets Rs 450 cr quake-proof makeover"
179:
and its origins, as well as cutting down content about
124:
National
Council of Educational Research and Training
16:
Policies to impose Hindu nationalist view of history
2007:
1861:
1821:
1790:
1754:
1638:
1631:
1595:
1482:
1415:
1383:
1357:
595:"Gandhi's Killer Evokes Admiration as Never Before"
152:Saffronisation has also been attempted to portray
542:"Revised textbooks from 2017–18 academic year"
482:
480:
427:
425:
312:, University of Chicago Press, pp. 573–,
1573:
807:
379:. New York, NY: Routledge. pp. 156–159.
75:Textbook saffronisation in early 21st century
8:
718:"India: Righting or rewriting Hindu history"
241:. Vol. 15, no. 25. 5 December 1998
434:"Another rewrite for India's history books"
289:"Significance of Saffron color in Hinduism"
1635:
1580:
1566:
1558:
1354:
814:
800:
792:
258:
256:
226:
128:Ministry of Human Resource Development
634:. Press Trust of India. 9 June 2009.
263:Raghavan, B. S. (12 September 2001).
160:in a heroic manner, as well as other
32:is the right-wing policy approach in
7:
735:"The Politics of Education in India"
668:from the original on 24 October 2020
638:from the original on 14 October 2021
398:
396:
515:Goswami, Rakesh (20 January 2016).
1834:Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad
14:
728:from the original on 16 May 2006.
593:Yasir, Sameer (4 February 2020).
277:from the original on 14 May 2007.
2101:Education controversies in India
1844:Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal
733:Upadhyay, Ray (21 August 2001).
458:Raza, Danish (8 December 2014).
432:Ramesh, Randeep (25 June 2004).
55:is considered a sacred color in
2050:Cow vigilante violence in India
2015:Assassination of Mahatma Gandhi
1681:Akhil Bharatiya Akhara Parishad
487:Singh, Amrik (25 August 2001).
403:Akshaya, Mukul (24 June 2015).
2020:Demolition of the Babri Masjid
1731:Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party
489:"Saffronisation and textbooks"
156:'s Hindu-nationalist assassin
1:
1396:Romanisation of the writings
716:Ninan, Ann (February 2000).
40:to refer to the policies of
2071:Far-right politics in India
1646:Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
1510:Forced religious conversion
2122:
1909:Madhukar Dattatraya Deoras
1777:Rastriya Prajatantra Party
235:"Editorial: Unfit to rule"
1706:Bharatiya Janshakti Party
1473:Vergangenheitsbewältigung
1358:Assimilation by religions
829:
752:Ethnic and Racial Studies
739:South Asia Analysis Group
691:Bénéï, Véronique (2005).
375:Bénéï, Veronique (2005).
2008:Events and controversies
1767:Hindu Prajatantrik Party
1711:Hindu Janajagruti Samiti
1384:Assimilation by writings
334:History Workshop Journal
309:Fundamentalisms Observed
215:Indian Knowledge Systems
205:Communalism (South Asia)
166:Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
145:The state government of
88:Indian National Congress
2106:Historiography of India
2030:Boycott of Hindi cinema
1954:Rajendra Prasad Lingden
1849:Hindu Maha Sabha (Fiji)
1803:Hindu Swayamsevak Sangh
1701:Bhartiya Gau Raksha Dal
764:10.1080/014198700328935
632:Business Standard India
2096:Textbook controversies
2035:Haridwar hate speeches
1874:Syama Prasad Mukherjee
1746:Virat Hindustan Sangam
1661:Bharatiya Janata Party
1490:Cultural globalisation
779:Biswas, Titas (2020).
697:. Routledge. pp.
572:www.hindustantimes.com
81:Bharatiya Janata Party
1671:Vishva Hindu Parishad
823:Cultural assimilation
2076:Political neologisms
1839:Jammu Praja Parishad
1829:Bharatiya Jana Sangh
1527:Internal colonialism
1495:Cultural imperialism
1176:Northern Afghanistan
745:on 17 December 2005.
664:. 26 February 2003.
2091:Propaganda in India
2025:1970 Bhiwandi riots
1904:Murli Manohar Joshi
1879:Deendayal Upadhyaya
1532:Jewish assimilation
1505:Forced assimilation
1043:or Castilianisation
787:(11/2020): 146–199.
722:Inter Press Service
138:, Hem Chandra, and
38:political neologism
1894:Kailashpati Mishra
1869:Dattopant Thengadi
1782:Shanti Party Nepal
1613:Uniform Civil Code
1156:Montenegrinisation
599:The New York Times
409:The Times of India
346:10.1093/hwj/dbn050
122:reported that the
119:The Times of India
2081:Politics of India
2058:
2057:
1884:Subramanian Swamy
1857:
1856:
1623:Integral Humanism
1603:Hindu nationalism
1589:Hindu nationalism
1555:
1554:
1522:Identity politics
1411:
1410:
1141:Macedonianisation
319:978-0-226-50878-8
140:Guru Gobind Singh
136:Maharaja Surajmal
111:Jammu and Kashmir
42:Hindu nationalist
2113:
1944:François Gautier
1914:Kushabhau Thakre
1636:
1596:General ideology
1582:
1575:
1568:
1559:
1500:Dominant culture
1483:Related concepts
1445:De-russification
1433:De-stalinisation
1428:De-communisation
1365:Christianisation
1355:
1207:or Latinisation
1161:Norwegianisation
1137:or Hungarisation
1111:
952:Colombianisation
854:Native Americans
816:
809:
802:
793:
788:
775:
746:
741:. Archived from
729:
712:
678:
677:
675:
673:
654:
648:
647:
645:
643:
624:
618:
617:
615:
613:
590:
584:
583:
581:
579:
564:
558:
557:
555:
553:
538:
532:
531:
529:
527:
512:
506:
505:
503:
501:
484:
475:
474:
472:
470:
455:
449:
448:
446:
444:
429:
420:
419:
417:
415:
400:
391:
390:
372:
366:
365:
329:
323:
322:
303:
297:
296:
285:
279:
278:
265:"Saffronisation"
260:
251:
250:
248:
246:
231:
65:Indian religions
2121:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2054:
2040:Hindu terrorism
2003:
1994:Yogi Adityanath
1974:K. S. Sudarshan
1889:Nanaji Deshmukh
1853:
1817:
1786:
1762:GFP Ramdir Sena
1750:
1741:Sanatan Sanstha
1686:Hindu Mahasabha
1627:
1591:
1586:
1556:
1551:
1547:Monoculturalism
1478:
1467:De-sinicisation
1440:De-nazification
1416:Opposite trends
1407:
1379:
1353:
1235:Sanskritisation
1200:Romanianisation
1166:Pakistanisation
1105:
1041:Hispanicisation
1031:Hawaiianisation
987:Europeanisation
982:Estonianisation
937:Canadianisation
844:Americanisation
825:
820:
778:
749:
732:
715:
709:
690:
687:
682:
681:
671:
669:
656:
655:
651:
641:
639:
626:
625:
621:
611:
609:
592:
591:
587:
577:
575:
566:
565:
561:
551:
549:
540:
539:
535:
525:
523:
521:Hindustan Times
514:
513:
509:
499:
497:
486:
485:
478:
468:
466:
464:Hindustan Times
457:
456:
452:
442:
440:
431:
430:
423:
413:
411:
402:
401:
394:
387:
374:
373:
369:
331:
330:
326:
320:
305:
304:
300:
293:Beauty of India
287:
286:
282:
262:
261:
254:
244:
242:
233:
232:
228:
223:
201:
170:M. S. Golwalkar
102:medieval period
96:Hindustan Times
77:
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2119:
2117:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2063:
2062:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2011:
2009:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1934:Pravin Togadia
1931:
1929:Nathuram Godse
1926:
1924:Mahatma Gandhi
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1772:Shivsena Nepal
1769:
1764:
1758:
1756:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1676:Abhinav Bharat
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1642:
1640:
1633:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1620:
1618:Saffronisation
1615:
1610:
1605:
1599:
1597:
1593:
1592:
1587:
1585:
1584:
1577:
1570:
1562:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1537:Language shift
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1513:
1512:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1469:
1464:
1463:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1442:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1425:
1423:De-arabisation
1419:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1405:
1404:
1403:
1393:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1361:
1359:
1352:
1351:
1349:Zairianisation
1346:
1341:
1339:Westernisation
1336:
1334:Vietnamisation
1331:
1326:
1321:
1319:Turkmenisation
1316:
1315:
1314:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1287:Talibanisation
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1247:
1242:
1240:Serbianisation
1237:
1232:
1230:Saffronisation
1227:
1226:
1225:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1183:Persianisation
1180:
1179:
1178:
1171:Pashtunisation
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1132:
1130:Lithuanisation
1127:
1125:Latvianization
1122:
1117:
1112:
1100:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1091:Japanification
1083:
1081:Italianisation
1078:
1077:
1076:
1066:
1061:
1059:Indigenisation
1056:
1055:
1054:
1044:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1021:Georgification
1018:
1013:
1012:
1011:
1001:
996:
995:
994:
992:Westernisation
984:
979:
977:Dutchification
974:
969:
967:Cypriotisation
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
927:Bosniakisation
924:
923:
922:
912:
911:
910:
903:Belarusisation
900:
898:Araucanisation
895:
894:
893:
888:
883:
878:
868:
863:
862:
861:
856:
851:
841:
836:
834:Africanisation
830:
827:
826:
821:
819:
818:
811:
804:
796:
790:
789:
785:Zoon Politikon
776:
758:(3): 407–441.
747:
730:
713:
707:
686:
683:
680:
679:
649:
619:
585:
559:
548:. 10 June 2015
533:
507:
476:
450:
421:
392:
385:
367:
340:(67): 99–110.
324:
318:
298:
295:. 9 June 2018.
280:
252:
225:
224:
222:
219:
218:
217:
212:
210:Saffron terror
207:
200:
197:
189:Ram Rath Yatra
181:Mughal dynasty
158:Nathuram Godse
154:Mahatma Gandhi
76:
73:
49:
46:
29:saffronization
23:Saffronisation
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2118:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1999:Narendra Modi
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1969:Digvijay Nath
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1939:Koenraad Elst
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1919:Mohan Bhagwat
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1860:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1820:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
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2045:Hindutva pop
1984:B. S. Moonje
1979:Savitri Devi
1899:L. K. Advani
1726:Sri Ram Sena
1617:
1471:
1455:Latinisation
1401:Soviet Union
1375:Islamisation
1344:Wolofisation
1329:Uzbekisation
1302:Thaification
1297:Tamilisation
1250:Sinicisation
1229:
1205:Romanisation
1195:Polonisation
1146:Malayisation
1098:Javanisation
1086:Japanisation
1064:Indonesation
1004:Francisation
972:Czechisation
962:Croatisation
957:Creolisation
839:Albanisation
784:
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743:the original
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670:. Retrieved
661:
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438:The Guardian
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243:. Retrieved
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185:Babri Masjid
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1949:Kamal Thapa
1696:Bajrang Dal
1542:Melting pot
1370:Judaisation
1106: [
871:Arabisation
642:20 February
71:movement .
2065:Categories
1989:Uma Bharti
1959:Ram Madhav
1808:Siva Senai
1798:Banga Sena
1721:Hindu Sena
1691:Karni Sena
1656:Arya Samaj
1312:placenames
1052:placenames
920:placenames
849:immigrants
612:5 February
245:8 November
221:References
63:and other
1964:Amit Shah
1666:Shiv Sena
1188:societies
876:Armenians
772:143287533
672:21 August
607:0362-4331
546:The Hindu
494:The Hindu
362:154421051
270:The Hindu
239:Frontline
147:Karnataka
107:The Hindu
93:When the
48:Etymology
2086:Hindutva
1791:Overseas
1608:Hindutva
1009:Brussels
726:Archived
666:Archived
662:Zee News
636:Archived
552:10 March
500:10 March
443:10 March
354:40646212
275:Archived
199:See also
162:Hindutva
69:Hindutva
61:Hinduism
57:Hinduism
1822:Defunct
1813:HINDRAF
1460:Ukraine
1223:Finland
881:Berbers
699:156–159
685:Sources
526:9 March
469:9 March
414:9 March
193:secular
53:Saffron
1862:People
886:Blacks
770:
705:
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578:16 May
383:
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168:, and
1755:Nepal
1639:India
1255:Tibet
1211:names
1110:]
1074:names
859:names
768:S2CID
358:S2CID
350:JSTOR
177:Islam
34:India
908:soft
891:Jews
703:ISBN
674:2020
644:2010
614:2020
603:ISSN
580:2019
554:2016
528:2016
502:2016
471:2016
445:2016
416:2016
381:ISBN
314:ISBN
247:2014
79:The
760:doi
342:doi
26:or
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1108:ru
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