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It is commonly found by streams and other wet places. The exact native range is uncertain due to extensive historical cultivation; it is certainly native from central Europe east to western Asia, but may also be native as far west as southeastern
295:, with male and female catkins on separate plants. The male catkins are yellow and oval-shaped; the female catkins are longer and more cylindrical; they mature in early summer when the
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355:, giving rise to its alternative common name of "basket willow". Cultivation and use of the common osier was common in England in the 18th and 19th century, with
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growing to between 3 and 6 m (9.8 and 19.7 ft) (rarely to 10 m (33 ft)) tall. It has long, erect, straight branches with greenish-grey
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long and slender, 10–25 cm long but only 0.5–2 cm broad; they are dark green above, with a silky grey-haired underside. The
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Enhancing
Phytoextraction: The Effect of Chemical Soil Manipulation on Mobility, Plant Accumulation, and Leaching of Heavy Metals
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697:"Female Salix viminalis are more severely infected by Melampsora spp. but neither sex experiences associational effects"
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760:Åhman, Inger (1997). "Growth, herbivory and disease in relation to gender in Salix viminalis L.".
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Moritz, Kim K.; Björkman, Christer; Parachnowitsch, Amy L.; Stenberg, Johan A. (2016-02-01).
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630:. Biomass and Bioenergy, Volume 12, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 9-19. Elsevier Science Ltd.
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By McCutcheon & Schnoor. 2003, New Jersey, John Wiley & Sons, page 19.
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Salix vegetation filters for purification of waters and soils
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Along with other related willows, the flexible twigs (called
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By Ulrich
Schmidt. In J. Environ. Qual. 32:1939-1954 (2003)
335:. It is one of the least variable willows, but it will
551:. Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team
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515:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T61960656A61960676.en
578:Willows and Poplars of Great Britain and Ireland
458:(basket willow) at Krems an der Donau, Austria
8:
641:"Wastewater Gardens® - Biosphere Foundation"
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490:Barstow, M. & Harvey-Brown, Y. (2017).
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302:split open to release the numerous minute
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626:Perttu, K. L. and Kowalik, P. J. (1997).
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323:plant, it is widespread throughout both
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549:The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov)
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1156:7023dfcc-107f-4d0f-93d4-7f6d381ee13a
1316:IUCN Red List least concern species
501:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
462:Among the most common pathogens on
14:
1244:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:779152-1
359:lining many rivers and streams.
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1:
339:with several other species.
291:before the leaves; they are
1351:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
604:Trees of Britain and Europe
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441:list of hyperaccumulators
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77:Scientific classification
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1346:Plants described in 1753
508:: e.T61960656A61960676.
310:Distribution and habitat
1341:Phytoremediation plants
1331:Flora of temperate Asia
580:. BSBI Handbook No. 4.
351:) are commonly used in
1336:Flora of tropical Asia
602:Rushforth, K. (1999).
576:Meikle, R. D. (1984).
459:
366:, effluent treatment,
782:10.1007/s004420050208
701:Ecology and Evolution
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319:. As a cultivated or
40:Common osier foliage
362:Other uses occur in
331:, but only at lower
287:, produced in early
829:Plants for a Future
774:1997Oecol.111...61A
713:2016EcoEv...6.1154M
47:Conservation status
681:2007-02-25 at the
460:
379:water purification
267:is a multistemmed
240:, is a species of
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1190:Open Tree of Life
843:Taxon identifiers
824:"Salix viminalis"
721:10.1002/ece3.1923
661:Phytoremediation.
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16:Species of willow
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646:18 September
644:. Retrieved
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553:. Retrieved
548:
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531:
519:. Retrieved
505:
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468:
464:S. viminalis
463:
461:
455:
409:hydrocarbons
407:, petroleum
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383:
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250:Western Asia
237:
234:common osier
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156:Malpighiales
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1218:kew-5001961
1102:NatureServe
1017:iNaturalist
875:Wikispecies
387:is a known
321:naturalised
260:Description
120:Angiosperms
1310:Categories
1213:Plant List
606:. Collins
555:27 October
537:USDA, NRCS
477:References
469:Melampsora
368:wastewater
357:osier beds
252:, and the
244:native to
166:Salicaceae
983:200006067
790:0029-8549
762:Oecologia
729:2045-7758
337:hybridise
333:altitudes
293:dioecious
254:Himalayas
184:Species:
90:Kingdom:
1277:VASCAN:
1270:28300206
1265:Tropicos
1141:NSWFlora
1107:2.132279
1084:61960656
1058:10690824
1045:779152-1
902:BioLib:
860:Wikidata
798:28307506
747:26839685
679:Archived
539:(n.d.).
521:11 April
425:selenium
397:chromium
353:basketry
300:capsules
162:Family:
133:Eudicots
67:IUCN 3.1
996:5372933
866:Q158590
806:2962435
770:Bibcode
738:4725332
709:Bibcode
447:Ecology
433:uranium
405:mercury
393:cadmium
372:cadmium
349:withies
329:Ireland
325:Britain
317:England
285:catkins
281:flowers
172:Genus:
152:Order:
94:Plantae
65: (
1226:PLANTS
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1153:NZOR:
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895:117082
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435:, and
429:silver
289:spring
277:leaves
275:. The
246:Europe
242:willow
228:, the
146:Rosids
1321:Salix
1257:16304
1231:SAVI2
1202:PFI:
1164:NZPCN
1133:40686
1071:22594
1053:IRMNG
1032:13117
1029:IPA:
1022:55822
1009:32783
965:EUNIS
957:SAXVI
931:6XDMG
905:38949
802:S2CID
304:seeds
297:fruit
269:shrub
238:osier
177:Salix
140:Clade
127:Clade
114:Clade
101:Clade
1280:9170
1239:POWO
1182:7400
1169:2987
1128:NCBI
1094:2643
1079:IUCN
1066:ITIS
1040:IPNI
1004:GRIN
991:GBIF
952:EPPO
913:BOLD
890:APNI
794:PMID
786:ISSN
743:PMID
725:ISSN
648:2018
608:ISBN
582:ISBN
557:2015
523:2024
506:2017
466:are
437:zinc
417:MTBE
401:lead
391:of
377:for
343:Uses
327:and
283:are
273:bark
1288:WFO
1252:RHS
1205:218
1115:NBN
978:FNA
939:EoL
926:CoL
778:doi
766:111
733:PMC
717:doi
510:doi
471:spp
421:TCE
236:or
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306:.
256:.
248:,
232:,
215:L.
142::
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69:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
