381:, wrote his concurring opinion that said the petitioner's Fifth Amendment claim failed because he did not expressly invoke the privilege in response to the officer's question. It was further argued that "that a criminal defendant need not take the stand and assert the privilege at his own trial", except the fact that the criminal defendant has an "absolute right not to testify." Justice Kennedy concluded that "any witness who desires protection against self-incrimination must explicitly claim that protection" and also "this requirement ensures that the government is put on notice when a defendant intends to claim this privilege and allows the government to either argue that the testimony is not self-incriminating or offer immunity. The Supreme Court held that there are two execeptions on the principle:
34:
427:
opportunity to claim a Fifth
Amendment privilege. The Supreme Court held that the defendant's silence was valid at the trial and could be used as presumption of guilt and assuming the defendant does not affirmatively assert his Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination. It is also argued that the importance of this case created an important exception to the general right to remain silent when questioned by the government in a criminal matter or facing a criminal trial.
426:
The
Supreme Court also clarified that the Fifth Amendment does not establish a complete right to remain silent but only guarantees that criminal defendant may not be forced to testify against themselves and there is no Constitutional violation as long as police do not deprive defendants of the
417:
arguing that "Salinas' silence was enough to claim the Fifth
Amendment privilege and the majority raised clear problems for uneducated defendants who may not know the explicit language necessary to protect their rights." The Supreme Court also concluded that a prosecutor cannot comment on a
333:. In the second trial, Salinas does not take the stand and the prosecutor attempted to introduce Salinas' silence and defendant's physical reaction as evidence about the gun casings. However, Salinas disagreed with the prosecutor and argued that he could still invoke
396:
said that: "Salinas' Fifth
Amendment privilege would not have been applicable even if invoked because the prosecutor's testimony regarding his silence did not compel Salinas to give self-incriminating testimony". Justice
365:. The question presented in the case was whether the Fifth Amendment's self-incrimination clause protects a defendant's refusal to answer questions asked by law enforcement before he has been arrested or read his
948:
1843:
307:, Houston police officers found two homicide victims. The investigation led officers to Genovivo Salinas. Even though he was not arrested at that time and the police had not read him his
314:, Salinas agreed to accompany the police officers to the police station. During the interrogation, Salinas answered every question the police officers asked him, until asked whether the
267:
341:
whether he was in custody or not. The trial court agreed with the evidence and found
Salinas guilty of the murders. He was sentenced to 20 years in prison and a fine of $ 5,000. The
82:
361:
The Texas Court of
Criminal Appeals and Fourteenth Court of Appeals justified their decision by rejecting that prosecution's use of silence and its case in chief violated the
318:
found at the scene would match the gun found at
Salinas' home. According to the police officer, Salinas didn't answer this question, and demonstrated signs of deception. A
1065:
362:
334:
143:
Does the Fifth
Amendment's Self-Incrimination Clause protects a defendant's refusal to answer questions asked by law enforcement before he has been arrested or read his
1056:
667:
601:
1068:
597:
322:
later revealed that the gun found at the scene matched
Salinas' gun with the casings. Police also found a witness who said Salinas had admitted to the killings.
1848:
686:
767:
894:"You Have the Right to Remain Silent, But Anything You Don't Say May Be Used Against You: The Admissibility of Silence as Evidence After Salinas v. Texas"
1833:
1838:
1537:
835:
751:
626:
1049:
157:
Fifth
Amendment's privilege against self-incrimination does not extend to defendants who simply decide to remain mute during questioning.
288:
clause does not extend to defendants who simply choose to remain silent during questioning, even though no arrest has been made nor the
373:, he announced the judgement for a divided court. The Supreme Court reached a 5-4 decision in favor of Texas. Alito, joined by Justice
539:
350:
281:
38:
1853:
1082:
1022:
997:
932:
719:
694:
651:
581:
1686:
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452:
1462:
1042:
342:
131:
962:
1349:
1486:
1419:
1183:
319:
1226:
825:
741:
616:
1774:
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1111:
385:
that a criminal defendant does not need to take the stand at trial in order to explicitly claim this privilege; and
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1250:
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285:
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1553:
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1143:
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1234:
111:
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1368:
1341:
1333:
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1207:
1199:
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127:
1766:
1638:
1606:
1478:
1376:
1095:
480:
437:
77:
1622:
388:
that failure to claim this privilege must be excused when that failure was due to government coercion."
827:
Casenote Legal Briefs for Criminal Procedure, Keyed to Kamisar, Lafave, Israel, King, Kerr, and Primus
1529:
1400:
473:
346:
101:
1758:
1726:
1678:
1670:
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1446:
1290:
402:
325:
In 1993, Salinas was charged with the murders but was never found. 15 years later, he was found in
200:
1710:
1646:
1614:
1561:
1545:
1135:
661:
591:
466:
414:
338:
1750:
1454:
1392:
1274:
1018:
993:
928:
905:
831:
747:
715:
690:
647:
622:
577:
547:
487:
1654:
1521:
1470:
493:
1790:
1325:
1258:
1191:
406:
374:
289:
216:
192:
188:
1782:
1119:
867:
784:
513:
443:
398:
393:
308:
204:
180:
66:
1827:
1806:
1103:
459:
315:
893:
642:
Bennett et al. Tuck, Lemieux, Magee, Anthony J., David, Simon, Eric (28 May 2021).
378:
370:
212:
172:
410:
224:
618:
Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation: 2014
909:
551:
284:, which the court held 5-4 decision, declaring that the Fifth amendment's
963:"Pre-Miranda silence can be used, court says | Arkansas Democrat Gazette"
855:
330:
304:
811:
The Power of Our Supreme Court:How Supreme Court Cases Shape Democracy
326:
681:
Federal Law, Enforcement Training Center (U.S.) (30 January 2018).
89:
1584:
1162:
1080:
1038:
33:
572:
Bartol, et al. Bartol, Kurt R., Anne M. (27 November 2018).
349:
affirmed the decision. However, the case was brought to the
392:
Associate Justice in a separate opinion, joined by Justice
540:"A 5-4 Ruling, One of Three, Limits Silence's Protection"
1844:
United States Supreme Court cases of the Roberts Court
369:
rights. In the opinion announcement made by Justice
1513:
1430:
1411:
1360:
1301:
1218:
1175:
644:
Pearson Edexcel: A Level US Government and Politics
280:, 570 US 178 (2013), is a landmark decision of the
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161:
151:
137:
122:
117:
107:
97:
72:
62:
52:
45:
26:
809:Beat, Matt; Bulitt, Julie; Bulitt, David (2023).
1017:(2 ed.). Infobase Publishing. p. 647.
16:2013 landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court
88:133 S.Ct. 2174, 2180, 186 L.Ed. 376, 2013 U.S.
1050:
8:
666:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
329:and captured. His first trial resulted in a
257:Breyer, joined by Ginsburg, Kagan, Sotomayor
600:) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1581:
1172:
1159:
1077:
1057:
1043:
1035:
596:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
23:
813:. United States: Mango Media. p. 88.
712:Emanuel CrunchTime for Criminal Procedure
824:Briefs, Casenote Legal (14 April 2016).
353:and it was granted on January 11, 2013.
925:Constitutional Law and Criminal Justice
868:"Salinas v. Texas, 570 U.S. 178 (2013)"
785:"Salinas v. Texas, 570 U.S. 178 (2013)"
505:
345:and the Fourteenth Court of Appeals of
856:https://www.oyez.org/cases/2012/12-246
659:
589:
1538:Louisiana ex rel. Francis v. Resweber
988:Jeffrey, Kaplan P. (20 August 2019).
851:
849:
847:
779:
777:
21:2013 United States Supreme Court case
7:
1849:Law enforcement in the United States
992:. Taylor & Francis. p. 31.
927:(3 ed.). Taylor & Francis.
923:Roberson, Cliff (27 December 2021).
735:
733:
731:
740:Lippman, Matthew (8 January 2019).
710:Emanuel, Steven L. (13 July 2020).
683:Legal Division Reference Book 2017
351:Supreme Court of the United States
282:Supreme Court of the United States
57:Genovivo Salinas v. State of Texas
39:Supreme Court of the United States
14:
1834:United States Supreme Court cases
1015:Encyclopedia of the Supreme Court
949:"Fifth Amendment | Casetext"
714:. Aspen Publishing. p. 120.
518:LII / Legal Information Institute
241:Alito, joined by Roberts, Kennedy
126:Judgement for the defendant, 368
1283:Bravo-Fernandez v. United States
32:
687:Department of Homeland Security
343:Texas Court of Criminal Appeals
337:rights as a protection against
132:Texas Court of Criminal Appeals
1839:2013 in United States case law
621:. Government Printing Office.
1:
1066:United States Fifth Amendment
892:Hapner, Andrew (5 May 2015).
576:(2 ed.). United States.
538:Liptak, Adam (17 June 2013).
1487:Puerto Rico v. Sanchez Valle
1420:Blockburger v. United States
1184:Blockburger v. United States
1227:United States v. Randenbush
1870:
1775:J. D. B. v. North Carolina
1703:Dickerson v. United States
1112:Wong Wing v. United States
1687:Mitchell v. United States
1593:
1587:Self-Incrimination Clause
1580:
1431:Dual sovereignty doctrine
1251:Fong Foo v. United States
1176:Meaning of "same offense"
1171:
1158:
1128:United States v. Moreland
1090:
1076:
453:Mitchell v. United States
266:
166:
156:
142:
31:
1854:Miranda warning case law
1695:United States v. Hubbell
1554:North Carolina v. Pearce
1503:Denezpi v. United States
1463:United States v. Wheeler
615:Senate (25 March 2016).
249:Thomas, joined by Scalia
130:3d 550, 557-559 (2011);
1743:Corley v. United States
1735:United States v. Patane
1599:Curcio v. United States
1495:Gamble v. United States
1385:United States v. Dinitz
1318:Ludwig v. Massachusetts
1310:United States v. Wilson
1243:Burton v. United States
1144:United States v. Cotton
1013:Schultz, David (2021).
1719:Yarborough v. Alvarado
1439:United States v. Lanza
1369:United States v. Perez
1350:Smith v. United States
1342:United States v. Dixon
1334:United States v. Felix
1267:Burks v. United States
1208:United States v. Dixon
1200:United States v. Felix
1165:Double Jeopardy Clause
967:www.arkansasonline.com
1767:Berghuis v. Thompkins
1607:Griffin v. California
1479:United States v. Lara
1377:United States v. Jorn
1235:Ball v. United States
1096:Hurtado v. California
746:. SAGE Publications.
481:Berghuis v. Thompkins
438:Griffin v. California
418:defendant's silence.
401:, joined by Justices
295:read to a defendant.
268:U.S. Const. amends. V
48:Decided 17 June, 2013
46:Argued 17 April, 2013
1663:Doe v. United States
1530:Palko v. Connecticut
1401:Blueford v. Arkansas
830:. Aspen Publishing.
646:. Hodder Education.
474:Escobedo v. Illinois
347:Harris County, Texas
112:Opinion announcement
108:Opinion announcement
1759:Maryland v. Shatzer
1727:Missouri v. Seibert
1679:McNeil v. Wisconsin
1671:Illinois v. Perkins
1631:Williams v. Florida
1447:Bartkus v. Illinois
1412:Multiple punishment
1291:McElrath v. Georgia
990:Linguistics and Law
403:Ruth Bader Ginsburg
320:ballistics analysis
201:Ruth Bader Ginsburg
138:Questions presented
1711:Chavez v. Martinez
1647:Edwards v. Arizona
1639:Michigan v. Tucker
1615:Miranda v. Arizona
1562:Benton v. Maryland
1546:Baxstrom v. Herold
1136:Beck v. Washington
1069:criminal procedure
898:Florida Law Review
768:"Salinas v. Texas"
743:Criminal Procedure
574:Pshycology and Law
544:The New York Times
514:"SALINAS v. TEXAS"
467:Miranda v. Arizona
415:dissenting opinion
377:and Chief Justice
339:self-incrimination
286:self-incrimination
177:Associate Justices
1821:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1751:Florida v. Powell
1623:Boulden v. Holman
1576:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1455:Waller v. Florida
1393:Oregon v. Kennedy
1275:Evans v. Michigan
1154:
1153:
837:978-1-5438-1983-0
753:978-1-5443-3476-9
628:978-0-16-093110-9
488:Florida v. Powell
273:
272:
1861:
1799:Salinas v. Texas
1655:Oregon v. Elstad
1582:
1522:Ex parte Bigelow
1471:Heath v. Alabama
1302:After conviction
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494:Right to silence
277:Salinas v. Texas
162:Court membership
36:
35:
27:Salinas v. Texas
24:
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1868:
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1824:
1823:
1822:
1813:
1791:Howes v. Fields
1589:
1568:
1509:
1426:
1407:
1356:
1326:Grady v. Corbin
1297:
1259:Ashe v. Swenson
1219:After acquittal
1214:
1192:Grady v. Corbin
1167:
1150:
1086:
1072:
1063:
1033:
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739:
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709:
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689:. p. 343.
680:
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433:
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407:Sonia Sotomayor
375:Anthony Kennedy
363:Fifth Amendment
359:
335:Fifth Amendment
301:
217:Sonia Sotomayor
215:
203:
193:Clarence Thomas
191:
189:Anthony Kennedy
93:
47:
41:
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1783:Bobby v. Dixon
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1361:After mistrial
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1120:Maxwell v. Dow
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1064:
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1005:
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969:. 17 June 2013
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399:Stephen Breyer
394:Antonin Scalia
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316:shotgun shells
305:Houston, Texas
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53:Full case name
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1807:Vega v. Tekoh
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1125:
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1117:
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1109:
1106:
1105:
1104:Ex parte Bain
1101:
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1828:Categories
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