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visible in the 2006 photograph below). It explains that these have been constructed by villagers to serve as a defense against feudal overseers, and it shows how villagers have used them to fend off tax collectors by heaving rocks from the tower tops. This introductory focus on class conflict fades as the film moves to concentrate on the daily routine of the villagers. One sequence shows how sheep are raised, another how wool and yarn are produced, and another on how barley is threshed. These sequences powerfully convey the technological underdevelopment of the area. Wool spinning technique antedates the spinning wheel; barley is threshed by cattle dragging a stone studded platform, weighed down by a mother tending to her child, over the barley. Another scene shows a suspension bridge and a man trying to cross over rushing water as his pack animals resist. A desperate harvest during an early July snowstorm is shown. Other scenes show how the Svan people tailor their clothes, make hats, cut their hair and bury their dead.
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are shown bringing salt back to the village. Most of them die when they are crushed by an avalanche. The solution to the salt shortage is presented in the climax of the film where the young Soviet power builds a road that connects the isolated region to the outside world. The film shows how teams of construction workers with their steamrollers arrive, cutting down a forest that is the last obstacle for the road that will connect the Svan people with Soviet civilisation.
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The film then concentrates on the lack of salt supplies. Cut off from the outside world for most of the year, the village suffers from a shortage of salt. It is shown how this forces the animals to lick human sweat and urine. A party of workers, returning from migratory labor farther down the valley,
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are then located on two slowly dissolving maps of the region and are described as "cut off from civilization by mountains and glaciers". The location of the village is further introduced by several expository shots showing the
Svanetian landscape. These shots give some emphasis to tall towers (still
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After the film was finished it was criticized by
Stalinist authorities as being unbalanced and unfair towards Svanetia. It was claimed that the director was too fascinated by the backwardness and superstition of Svanetia, and only superficially interested in socialist modernization. Kalatozov fell
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between 1928 and 1932. During this time roads were built, an air service was established and industries such as mining and lumbering were developed. It was against this background of
Svanetia as a showcase of Soviet modernization that
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edited the footage
Kalatozov had shot in Svanetia into a documentary film. The authenticity of some scenes has been disputed by the Svan people who deny that some of the customs shown have ever existed. The cinematography of
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quotation "Even now there are far reaches of the Soviet Union where the patriarchal way of life persists along with remnants of the clan system." Svanetia and the mountain village of
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wrote a newspaper article that gave
Kalatozov the idea for the film. Tretyakov then wrote a script for Kalatozov, and shooting began in the mountain village
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was an underdeveloped region, and thus Soviet planners tried to make it a showcase of Soviet modernization during the
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Ishimov, V.; R. Shejko (September 2006). "The
Twentieth Century and the Artist". In John Gianvito (ed.).
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in Upper
Svanetia. Originally the film was planned to be a fictional feature film, but ultimately
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described it as a "masterpiece" and "the most powerful documentary film I have ever seen".
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has been praised by film historians and other film directors. The
Russian film director
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Olson, James Stuart; Lee
Brigance Pappas; Nicholas Charles Pappas (March 1994).
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due to its use of dramatic shadows, silhouettes against a dramatic skyline and
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created a CD soundtrack with the same name to accompany the film.
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and the cinematographer Shalva
Gegelashvili has been described as
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An Ethnohistorical dictionary of the Russian and Soviet empires
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Inspired by a tour of the Caucasus, the writer and journalist
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Eisenstein Rediscovered: Soviet Cinema of the '20s and '30s
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Forward Soviet!: History and Non-Fiction Film in the USSR
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called it an "amazing film". The American film historian
681:"Moishe's Bagel - Salt For Svanetia at propermusic.com"
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Lary, Nikita (February 1998). Nicholas Rzhevsky (ed.).
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The Cranes Are Flying: The Film Companion (KINOfile)
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out of favor, culminating in a ban of his next film
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497:Storm Over Asia: Kinofile Filmmakers' Companion 11
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413:The Cambridge Companion to modern Russian culture
634:. University Press of Mississippi. p. 136.
576:Documentary: a history of the non-fiction film
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258:describes and explores the daily life of the
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655:Christie, Ian; Richard Taylor (June 1993).
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361:Despite the negative immediate reaction,
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417:. Cambridge University Press. pp.
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580:. Oxford University Press. pp.
354:and a denunciation of his script on
222:in the isolated mountain village of
947:Films directed by Mikhail Kalatozov
605:Woll, Josephine (September 2003).
551:. I. B. Tauris. pp. 114β115.
230:, in the northwestern part of the
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922:Black-and-white documentary films
524:. Walter de Gruyter. p. 24.
522:Principles of visual anthropology
520:Hockings, Paul (September 1995).
445:Rollberg, Peter (November 2008).
609:. I. B. Tauris. pp. 22β23.
449:. Scarecrow Press. p. 598.
250:during the opening of the film.
218:, it documents the life of the
927:Anthropology documentary films
572:Barnouw, Erik (January 1993).
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952:Soviet black-and-white films
632:Andrei Tarkovsky: interviews
932:Soviet silent feature films
499:. I.B. Tauris. p. 13.
266:. The film starts with the
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659:. Routledge. p. 120.
495:Sargeant, Amy (May 2008).
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214:. As one of the earliest
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860:The Cranes Are Flying
381:In 2015 the Scottish
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304:first five-year plan
728:(English subtitles)
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762:Films directed by
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868:Letter Never Sent
852:The First Echelon
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710:Salt for Svanetia
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641:978-1-57806-220-1
616:978-1-86064-504-4
591:978-0-19-507898-5
558:978-1-86064-282-1
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506:978-1-84511-374-2
481:978-0-313-27497-8
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428:978-0-521-47799-4
363:Salt for Svanetia
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210:directed by
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143:Georgian SSR
130:Running time
107:Release date
101:Gruziya-film
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690:18 December
356:Imam Shamil
260:Svan people
220:Svan people
157:Silent film
38:Directed by
912:1930 films
907:1931 films
901:Categories
820:Invincible
393:References
283:Production
48:Written by
876:I Am Cuba
371:Jay Leyda
343:Responses
193:romanized
139:Countries
88:Edited by
16:1930 film
300:Svanetia
295:in 2006.
264:Svanetia
254:Most of
238:Synopsis
228:Svanetia
204:Georgian
171:Georgian
153:Language
962:Svaneti
804:Courage
726:YouTube
383:klezmer
377:Related
320:Ushguli
293:Ushguli
272:Ushguli
248:Ushguli
224:Ushguli
206:silent
195::
184:Russian
118:1931-11
116: (
887:(1969)
879:(1964)
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134:55 min
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268:Lenin
715:IMDb
692:2015
661:ISBN
636:ISBN
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
