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150:'s Rentz-Santely review. It was based in Chicago and toured the western USA. Jack added risqué elements from Western honky‐tonk entertainments to the shows. After leaving Leavitt, Jack opened the Lilly Clay Colossal Gaiety Company, the first of his own burlesque shows. The star of the show, Lilly Clay, came from England. Leavitt says in his memoirs that he sold Jack the title "Lilly Clay Gaiety Company" for $ 5,000 in 1889. Jack's biography does not mention Leavitt at all, but portrays Jack as entirely self-made.
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among various relatives, including his father, mother and various nephews and nieces. No provision was made for his illegitimate daughter by the actress Mabel
Hazelton. The will said it was Jack's wish that his brother and widow should marry. His widow insisted that she be given the Sam T. Jack Theatre in Chicago, while his brother received the theater in New York.
28:
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part there was an exchange of repartee between the interlocuters and comedians, and songs and dances by individuals and the chorus. In the second part there were various sketches and variety acts. The third part was a burlesque. The show was innovative in giving women a leading role and in introducing burlesque by
African Americans.
184:
The show opened with three women interlocutors or conversationalists sitting in the center. They were flanked by eight lavishly costumed chorus girls on each side. There were male performers at each end and in the orchestra. The show followed the traditional three-part minstrel pattern. In the first
276:
In
Manhattan in the 1890s Sam T. Jack's Tenderloin Company presented living statues of young women dressed only in flesh-colored tights, and others doing daring performances of the cancan. Preachers in New York regularly denounced his shows. Jack moved to Chicago, which was less straight-laced. He
292:
Sam Jack married Emma Ward, a burlesque actress. He died in 1899, leaving an estate valued at $ 75,000, plus real estate holdings. His will was filed for probate on 2 June 1899. One third of the property went to his wife, Emma, and one third to his brother, James C. Jack. The rest was divided
180:
came up with the idea of a creole burlesque company, and persuaded Sam T. Jack to put it on. It was the first to present beautiful black women as chorus girls in place of the traditional all-male chorus. It has been called the first black burlesque show. It included original songs, sketches and
133:
There are records of Sam Jack being the principal of the Sam Jack Stock
Company in Oil City. Jack's Oil Region Circuit was able to provide far better entertainment than had been offered in the past. Thus at the start of the 1877–78 season he brought in the Berger family's troupe, providing a
138:, a variety show, which also played in the oil region. In 1878 the recently remodeled opera house reopened under his management. He had other theater interests in the area. Thus on 13 December 1879 the Meadville Evening Republican reported, "Mr. Sam Jack, the manager, who has given
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Jack blatantly promoted increasingly explicit burlesque. However, Jack's shows still included many of the elements of a musical comedy or revue, which lent them some legitimacy. Historians often credit Jack for the form that burlesque took in
Chicago by the turn of the century.
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was in that company. On 4 June 1892 it was announced that Sam T. Jack had stopped traveling and settled at the
Madison Street Opera House in Chicago. The Creole Burlesque Company played here for most of the summer of 1893. In August 1893 it was announced that "Six women from
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and the towns of the region so many entertainments of the highest order this season, deserves the most liberal patronage of the public ... for his enterprise and good judgment as a caterer to the best classes of theatre goers."
146:
In 1879 Jack became manager of the newly renovated Pillot's Opera House in
Houston. Jack began his career as a burlesque manager in 1881, when he was responsible for the number two company of
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respectable entertainment of music and sketches, Duprey and
Benedicts Minstrels, the Washburn troupe and the Union Square Theatre Company. Jack was manager of Eliza Weathersby's
195:, on 4 August 1890, and traveled to Boston, Brooklyn and Manhattan. The show opened in Chicago in 1891 in Sam T. Jack's Opera House, and toured on Jack's circuit. Local girl
114:. According to an 1895 biography, which he may have commissioned and may be unreliable, he served in the army for a short period, and then in the oil business in western
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988:
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that specialized in melodrama. His biography says that from 1873 to 1877 he ran a showboat, and his Alice Oates Comic Opera
Company toured the US in 1880–84.
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between 1890 and 1897. It represents a stage in the transition from the traditional minstrel shows to the vaudeville revue. It is said that
227:, a vaudeville act. The McIntoshes played with Sam T. Jack's Creole Show in 1894. Other artists who performed with the show included
102:. He was also known for staging increasingly risqué shows in Chicago, where young women appeared wearing only skin-colored tights.
204:, dancing what manager Jack styles the Hullu-Hullu gavotte, are this week added to the drawing powers of his Creole Burlesquers.
98:(31 December 1852 – 1899), a burlesque impresario, was a pioneer of the African-American vaudeville industry in the US with his
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907:
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A Century of
Musicals in Black and White: An Encyclopedia of Musical Stage Works By, About, or Involving African Americans
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252:, decided to produce his own show in 1895, also using beautiful black women as chorus girls. At first called
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Racial Mythologies: African American Female Images and Representation from Minstrelsy to the Studio Era
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Black Women in America: Theater Arts and Entertainment, Encyclopedia of Black Women in America
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813:
Marsh, John L. (1977). "For One Night Only, or a Look at Theatre on the Kerosene Circuit".
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281:(Fahreda Mazar Spyropoulos) to appear at his Chicago Theatre after her appearance at the
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Sam T. Jack from the frontispiece of the promotional biography How He Does It (1895)
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51:
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511:"Belle Davis and Her Piccaninnies: a Preliminary Bio-, Disco-, and Filmography"
792:
Gallegly, Joseph S. (July 1962). "Plays and Players at Pillot's Opera House".
906:
Thompson, Kathleen (1997). "McIntosh, Hattie". In Hine, Darlene Clark (ed.).
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Vaudeville old & new: an encyclopedia of variety performances in America
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and the dancer Stella Wiley, who later married Bob Cole. In the early 1890s
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How He Does It: Sam T. Jack, Twenty Years A King in the Realm of Burlesque
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In the 1893–94 season the cast was joined by Charles E. Johnson and
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Out of Sight: The Rise of African American Popular Music, 1889-1895
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Out of Sight: The Rise of African American Popular Music 1889-1895
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1896 Postcard advertising the Sam T. Jack Opera House in Chicago
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and his wife Cordelia McClain as well as the groundbreaking
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Spreadin' Rhythm Around: Black Popular Songwriters 1880-1930
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765:
Cullen, Frank; Hackman, Florence; McNeilly, Donald (2004).
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168:, a book of songs by Sam T. Jack's Creole Burlesque Co.
821:(2). The Historical Society of Pennsylvania: 205–216.
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815:The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography
110:Sam T. Jack was born on 31 December 1852 in rural
800:(1). Texas State Historical Association: 43–58.
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225:Mr. and Mrs. McIntosh in the King of Bavaria
215:, the composer, performer and stage manager
650:Peculiar Request in Sam T. Jack's Will 1899
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949:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
118:. In 1872 he opened the Oil City Opera in
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122:. He opened other opera houses in nearby
835:"Peculiar Request in Sam T. Jack's Will"
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979:American theatre managers and producers
857:Peterson, Bernard L. Jr. (1993-10-25).
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794:The Southwestern Historical Quarterly
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223:and Hattie McIntosh had put together
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989:19th-century American businesspeople
750:Oxford Companion to American Theatre
678:Abbott, Lynn; Seroff, Doug (2003).
635:Cullen, Hackman & McNeilly 2004
620:Cullen, Hackman & McNeilly 2004
586:Jasen, David A. (31 October 2013).
565:. University Press of Mississippi.
396:Cullen, Hackman & McNeilly 2004
706:"Barons of Burlesque: Sam T. Jack"
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662:The Will of Sam T. Jack, NYT 1899
181:comedy numbers by black artists.
331:Barons of Burlesque: Sam T. Jack
753:. Oxford University Press. 2004
720:Bowdre, Karen Michelle (2006).
912:. New York: Facts On File, Inc
684:. Univ. Press of Mississippi.
411:Burlesque in America, OUP 2004
1:
283:World's Columbian Exposition
248:, the advance agent for the
592:. Routledge. p. 1895.
260:to avoid legal challenges.
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256:, the name was changed to
885:"The Will of Sam T. Jack"
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747:"Burlesque in America".
535:Abbott & Seroff 2003
450:Abbott & Seroff 2003
254:Isham's Creole Opera Co.
193:Haverhill, Massachusetts
933:O'Neill, M. J. (1895).
509:Lotz, Rainer E (1994).
845:(24). 24 December 1899
277:hired the bellydancer
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264:Other shows and legacy
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120:Oil City, Pennsylvania
559:Abbott, Lynn (2009).
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238:and ragtime comedian
172:Sam T. Jack produced
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100:Creole Burlesque Show
771:. Psychology Press.
708:. 25 September 2012
892:The New York Times
839:San Francisco Call
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148:Michael B. Leavitt
870:978-0-313-06454-8
778:978-0-415-93853-2
733:978-0-542-90486-8
691:978-1-60473-039-5
599:978-1-135-50979-8
572:978-1-4968-0004-6
316:, pp. 15–18.
258:Isham's Octoroons
233:male impersonator
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314:O'Neill 1895
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240:Irving Jones
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116:Pennsylvania
112:Pennsylvania
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52:Pennsylvania
974:1899 deaths
969:1852 births
605:January 21,
423:Bowdre 2006
250:Creole Show
197:Belle Davis
106:Early years
96:Sam T. Jack
68:Nationality
20:Sam T. Jack
963:Categories
939:. Chicago.
916:2014-05-19
898:2014-05-22
876:2014-05-13
849:2014-05-22
784:2014-05-22
757:2014-05-22
739:2014-05-22
712:2014-05-22
697:2014-05-22
372:Marsh 1977
360:Marsh 1977
348:Marsh 1977
297:References
191:opened in
128:Titusville
79:Impresario
76:Occupation
44:1852-12-31
984:Burlesque
945:cite book
302:Citations
285:in 1893.
209:Dora Dean
178:Sam Lucas
164:Cover of
140:Meadville
136:Froliques
827:20091148
806:30236223
217:Bob Cole
213:cakewalk
202:Honolulu
124:Franklin
71:American
671:Sources
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951:link
865:ISBN
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686:ISBN
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567:ISBN
126:and
60:Died
38:Born
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
