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494:. Garland and his troops were hit with heavy artillery fire from Beaver Dam Creek. Eventually, the afternoon rolled around and Gen. Hill arrived and began to attack the Federals from the other side. They were then given orders to advance, but they first had to defeat the enemy at Beaver Creek Dam before they could move through. The Federals had artillery and a small amount of infantry so Garland's troops attacked until the Federals retreated. This happened early on the 27th of June. Garland's men then advanced to their next positions, but before they could arrive they ran into the Federal troops at New Cold Harbor. The battle raged on for some time. Soon Maj. Gen.
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454:. Each wing of the army was preceded by a regiment deployed as skirmishers. One particular problem with the Confederate battle plan was that the right wing of the army was delayed by a quarter of an hour waiting for the relieving force. This exposed Garland and Anderson to the whole Yankee force. A few hundred yards after the right wing caught up they came under fire. The location for this battle was majorly important in determining the outcome. It had recently rained and the soldiers were marching through deep mud in a densely packed forest. As the battle proceeded, both sides suffered a number of losses. Eventually, Gen.
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exposed enemy flank. The
Federals quickly gave up and began to flee. At one point they attempted a second stand, but even this was broken quickly as Garland and his men had momentum on their side. This ended the battle with a victory for Garland and the Confederates. In the Battle of Gaines' Mill, Garland successfully attacked the Federal flank and took many prisoners earning an outstanding reputation in the Confederate army.
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588:. Emboldened by obtained intelligence, McClellan decided to force his army through the passes in the South Mountain range to surprise Lee's scattered divisions and beat them one by one: one half of Lee's army was at Harpers Ferry and the other—divided between Hagerstown and Boonsboro. After realizing the dangers, Lee ordered Maj. Gen.
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of the 23d Ohio regiment, attacked
Garland's men whose number was at "scarce a thousand." The Federals pressed north toward Fox's and Turner's Gaps. During the spirited mid-morning engagement at Fox's Gap, Garland was mortally wounded while commanding his men who were defending a stone wall bordering
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The firing had aroused that prompt and gallant soldier, General
Garland, and his men were under arms when I reached the pike. I explained the situation briefly to him, directed him to sweep through the woods, reach the road, and hold it at all hazards, as the safety of Lee's large train depended upon
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as the regiment's colonel. However, personal tragedy soon struck, as on June 12, 1861, his wife died from influenza, and on July 31, 1861, Garland's four-year-old son Sammie would also succumb to the influenza epidemic. Garland's wife and son were buried side by side in the
Presbyterian Cemetery in
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were kept. McClellan expected to meet with strong opposition at the South
Mountain, but in reality the Confederates there were greatly outnumbered by the Federals. The main points of contention were two South Mountain passes, the Turner's Gap and the nearby Fox's Gap, as they provided the shortest
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arrived and began rearranging the formations of the troops. Then
Garland along with a couple other battalions crossed an open field into the woods. Here they found an exposed enemy flank and began preparing to attack it. As soon as Gen. Hill joined up with them they commenced the attack on the
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its being held. He went off in high spirits and I never saw him again. I never knew a truer, better, braver man. Had he lived, his talents, pluck, energy, and purity of character must have put him in the front rank of his profession, whether in civil or military life.
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736:. On September 11, 1993, members of Garland-Rhodes Camp 409, Sons of Confederate Veterans, installed a commemorative marker near the spot of Garland's death on Wise's Field near the earlier 1889 marker erected by Union soldiers of the IX Corps to Gen
658:, assumed command after Garland's death. Garland's body was retrieved by Confederate troops and sent down the mountainside. On September 19, 1862, Garland was buried in the Presbyterian Cemetery in his hometown of Lynchburg next to his wife and son.
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in the Second Corps, and had a secondary objective to defend "Stonewall" Jackson's rear echelons. Garland commanded five North
Carolina volunteer regiments, the 5th, the 12th, the 13th, the 20th and the 23rd, which were positioned in the
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on Reno
Monument Road. Nearby a bronze sculpture with a granite base monument dedicated to the North Carolina troops that held the line there was erected in 2005. The Central Maryland Heritage League works on preservation of the
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managed to get behind and flank the
Federal troops, capturing six artillery pieces. He used these guns to turn back fresh Yankee soldiers that hoped to retake lost positions and thus won the battle.
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forces. At about 2 a.m. they began moving on the enemy. They stopped and hid at a position on the
Mechanicsville turnpike just behind the crest of the commanding hill and waited there for Maj. Gen.
350:, and then practiced it in Lynchburg. In 1856, he married Elizabeth Campbell Meem, daughter of John G. Meem of Lynchburgh and fathered one child, a son also named Samuel. Garland helped organize a
478:. At first, Garland and his men had to survive artillery fire while waiting out for the enemy in rifle pits on Williamsburg Road as Garland and his troops were assigned to support Generals
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guarding the passes. However, unbeknownst to the Confederates, Lee's strategic intentions became known to the opposite side, and after "Stonewall" Jackson's troops mounted the siege of
720:"This brilliant service, however, cost us the life of that pure, gallant, and accomplished Christian soldier, General Garland, who had no superiors and few equals in the service."
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426:, having been wounded at the latter by a ball in the elbow on May 5, 1862. For bravery in battles and commanding skills, on May 23, 1862, Garland was promoted to
346:, where he organized a literary society, and was graduated third in his class on July 4, 1849. Garland decided to pursue legal career and studied law at the
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to Maurice H. Garland and Caroline M. Garland, the only daughter of Alexander Spotswood Garland. His father was a well-known attorney of
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Garland's maternal grandmother was Lucinda Rose Garland, a daughter of Dr. R.H. Rose and Frances Madison, who was a sister of President
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law firm, but died on September 14, 1840, when his son was ten years old. Garland was placed in a private classical school in the
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The University Memorial: Biographical Sketches of Alumni of the University of Virginia who Fell in the Confederate War
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The University Memorial: Biographical Sketches of Alumni of the University of Virginia who Fell in the Confederate War
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The University Memorial: Biographical Sketches of Alumni of the University of Virginia who Fell in the Confederate War
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1277:, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901. Online reference; differs from reference in reference section.
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It later turned up that a mislaid copy of Lee's movement order revealing the Confederates' strategic plans for
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moved to seize the passes and advance toward Boonsboro where the wagon trains and parks of artillery of the
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The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies.
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The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies.
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to give him time to bring back the Second corps and pull together the Army of Northern Virginia at
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Histories of the Several Regiments and Battalions from North Carolina, in the Great War 1861-1865.
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Histories of the Several Regiments and Battalions from North Carolina, in the Great War 1861-1865.
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that after the Federal artillery started firing at 9 a. m. he instructed Garland to defend the
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The Battle of South Mountain, or Boonsboro: Fighting For Time at Turner's and Fox's Gaps,
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394:. He gained a reputation for fearlessness under fire, which some believed stemmed from a
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The Battle of South Mountain, or Boonsboro: Fighting For Time at Turner's and Fox's Gaps
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Tucker, Spencer, James R. Arnold, Roberta Wiener, Paul G. Pierpaoli, and David Coffey.
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Tucker, Spencer, James R. Arnold, Roberta Wiener, Paul G. Pierpaoli, and David Coffey.
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into two corps and gave them different tactical tasks. The First corps under Maj. Gen.
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farmer Daniel Wise's field along Old Sharpsburg Road. He died within minutes. Colonel
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Confederate States of America military personnel killed in the American Civil War
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674:, was a U.S. Army general and fought in many different wars including, the
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American Civil War: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection.
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American Civil War: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection.
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284:(December 16, 1830 – September 14, 1862) was an American attorney from
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Battle of South Mountain: Fox's Gap, September 14, 1862, afternoon map
945:"From the Peninsula to Maryland: Garland's role in the summer of 1862"
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Commemorative marker near the spot where Garland was mortally wounded
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Garland was at the left wing of the Confederate army supporting Gen.
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with its arsenals and supplies. Garland's brigade was a part of
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The Maryland Campaign of September 1862, Vol. 1: South Mountain
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The Maryland Campaign of September 1862, Vol. 1: South Mountain
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Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901.
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Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901.
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Richard E. Clem. Confederate general finds peace in battle,
1190:. Baltimore, MD: Turnbull Brothers, 1871, pp. 263–271.
930:. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1884. pp. 639–645.
430:. After promotion, Garland distinguished himself in the
1064:
Raleigh: E.M. Uzzell, Printer and Binder. 1901, p. 286.
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VMI's Civil War Generals: Samuel Garland, Class of 1849
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For the lawyer and political figure from Virginia, see
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Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders.
1079:. Baltimore, MD: Turnbull Brothers, 1871, pp. 263–264.
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in the spring of 1861. His militia company joined the
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Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959.
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Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1999, p. 76.
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963:Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2013, p. 745.
728:was named in his memory, as was the later Garland-
794:List of American Civil War generals (Confederate)
365:He continued as an attorney until his home state
841:. Tim Kent's Civil War Tales. 31 December 2014.
789:General officers in the Confederate States Army
630:
620:access to Boonsboro. Hill wrote in his memoir,
592:to defend the South Mountain passes, i.e., the
1162:Raleigh: E.M. Uzzell, Printer and Binder. 1901
1100:. Series 1, Volume XIX, Chapter XXI, p. 1020.
1010:By Daniel H. Hill, Lieutenant-General, C.S.A.
611:On September 14, 1862, Union troops from the
8:
1355:People of Virginia in the American Civil War
884:Samuel Garland Civil War Commission Document
565:, the Union forces struck back starting the
342:On October 22, 1846, he was matriculated at
1370:University of Virginia School of Law alumni
1173:Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001.
1145:. El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie, 2010.
1041:. El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie, 2010.
377:, and Garland was commissioned by Governor
1345:Confederate States Army brigadier generals
1221:Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2013.
914:Medical Histories of Confederate Generals.
714:, Garland's commanding officer, Maj. Gen.
637:About 3,000 Federals belonging to General
47:
36:
1037:, In: Carman, Ezra; Clemens, Thomas, ed.
799:Turner's and Fox's Gaps Historic District
390:A grieving Garland saw action in July at
584:—was given to Union commander Maj. Gen.
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335:. When he turned fourteen, he entered
1111:CMHL Rediscovers Its Founding Mission
747:South Mountain State Battlefield Park
299:. He was killed in action during the
7:
1310:The Central Maryland Heritage League
833:
831:
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645:corps, including Lieutenant-Colonel
1306:Battle of South Mountain: Fox's Gap
1275:of the Union and Confederate Armies
1141:Carman, Ezra; Clemens, Thomas, ed.
1135:Annals of the Lynchburg Home Guard.
854:Annals of the Lynchburg Home Guard.
732:Camp of the successor organization
1365:Virginia Military Institute alumni
928:Congressional Edition, Volume 2241
360:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
25:
710:In his official report after the
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147:
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1340:People from Lynchburg, Virginia
1197:New York: Facts On File, 1988.
1138:Lynchburg, Va: J.W. Rohr, 1891.
867:Johnson, John Lipscomb (1871).
857:Lynchburg, Va: J.W. Rohr, 1891.
724:The Samuel Garland Camp of the
339:, where he studied for a year.
165:11th Virginia Infantry Regiment
1224:United States War Department.
1212:New York: C.G. Crawford, 1891.
1088:United States War Department.
987:"The Battle of South Mountain"
976:New York: C.G. Crawford, 1891.
274:Home of Samuel Garland Jr. in
1:
1375:19th-century American lawyers
1195:Who Was Who in the Civil War.
718:memorialized him by writing,
537:while the Second corps under
112:Confederate States of America
734:Sons of Confederate Veterans
490:to attack the other side of
888:Virginia Military Institute
822:Virginia Military Institute
745:battlefield as part of the
726:United Confederate Veterans
656:5th North Carolina Regiment
344:Virginia Military Institute
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1210:The Battle of Seven Pines.
974:The Battle of Seven Pines.
694:on the side of the Union.
594:Boonsboro, or Turner's Gap
434:(March–July 1862) and the
408:Battle of Beaver Dam Creek
212:Battle of Beaver Dam Creek
29:
767:American Civil War portal
617:Army of Northern Virginia
519:Army of Northern Virginia
319:The great-grandnephew of
202:Second Battle of Bull Run
46:
1266:The War of the Rebellion
1184:Johnson, John Lipscomb.
1171:Civil War High Commands.
947:. National Park Service.
712:Battle of South Mountain
690:and very briefly in the
567:Battle of South Mountain
541:was given task to seize
438:(June 25-July 1, 1862).
398:. He also saw action at
309:Battle of South Mountain
227:Battle of South Mountain
182:First Battle of Bull Run
1073:John Lipscomb Johnson.
1020:Battle of Fox's Gap map
222:Battle of Gaines's Mill
137:1859–61 (Militia)
128:Confederate States Army
1132:Blackford, Charles M.
851:Blackford, Charles M.
707:
641:'s division from Gen.
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468:Battle of Gaines' Mill
462:Battle of Gaines' Mill
420:Battle of Malvern Hill
416:Battle of Gaines' Mill
375:11th Virginia Infantry
348:University of Virginia
337:Randolph Macon College
329:S. & M. H. Garland
323:, Garland was born in
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192:Battle of Williamsburg
1335:American slave owners
1301:National Park Service
1271:a Compilation of the
1263:U.S. War Department,
1165:Eicher, John H., and
705:
474:was the third of the
448:Battle of Seven Pines
442:Battle of Seven Pines
412:Battle of Seven Pines
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217:Battle of Seven Pines
187:Battle of Dranesville
134:Years of service
873:. Turnbull Brothers.
684:Mexican–American War
559:South Mountain range
507:In the beginning of
503:Battle for Fox's Gap
356:Lynchburg Home Guard
254:(cousin by marriage)
1297:Samuel Garland, Jr.
1208:Smith, Gustavus W.
972:Smith, Gustavus W.
647:Rutherford B. Hayes
613:Army of the Potomac
586:George B. McClellan
571:Battle of Boonsboro
539:"Stonewall" Jackson
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461:
404:Battle of Oak Grove
249:(great-grandnephew)
207:Battle of Oak Grove
139:1861–62 (CSA)
69:Lynchburg, Virginia
18:Samuel Garland, Jr.
1288:Samuel Garland Jr.
1193:Sifakis, Stewart.
1116:2015-09-11 at the
989:. Civil War Trust.
708:
692:American Civil War
569:also known as the
476:Seven Days Battles
452:George B. Anderson
436:Seven Days Battles
432:Peninsula Campaign
297:American Civil War
282:Samuel Garland Jr.
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197:Seven Days Battles
177:American Civil War
78:September 14, 1862
41:Samuel Garland Jr.
1251:978-0-8071-0823-9
1203:978-0-8160-1055-4
1179:978-0-8047-3641-1
1151:978-1-932714-81-4
1047:978-1-932714-81-4
900:Washington Times,
582:Special Order 191
578:Maryland Campaign
509:Maryland Campaign
496:Stonewall Jackson
484:Ambrose R. Wright
428:brigadier general
301:Maryland Campaign
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168:Garland's Brigade
155:Brigadier General
152:Captain (Militia)
66:December 16, 1830
32:Samuel M. Garland
16:(Redirected from
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1273:Official Records
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1109:Kevin Rawlings.
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669:
668:James Madison
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629:
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626:National Pike
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173:Battles/wars
80:(1862-09-14)
1330:1862 deaths
1325:1830 births
698:Remembrance
676:War of 1812
525:moved from
400:Dranesville
382:Lynchburg.
295:during the
290:Confederate
1319:Categories
1127:References
606:Sharpsburg
600:, and the
590:D. H. Hill
531:Hagerstown
488:A. P. Hill
396:death wish
315:Early life
92:Allegiance
62:1830-12-16
743:Fox's Gap
716:D.H. Hill
654:, of the
598:Fox's Gap
547:Maj. Gen.
535:Boonsboro
527:Frederick
386:Civil War
369:from the
325:Lynchburg
305:Fox's Gap
276:Lynchburg
243:Relations
1114:Archived
753:See also
688:Utah War
554:division
358:, after
286:Virginia
264:(nephew)
161:Commands
118:Service/
102:Virginia
86:Maryland
512:General
446:In the
367:seceded
352:militia
307:at the
293:general
233:†
1249:
1234:427057
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662:Family
596:, the
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120:branch
805:Notes
730:Rodes
371:Union
1247:ISBN
1230:OCLC
1199:ISBN
1175:ISBN
1147:ISBN
1094:OCLC
1043:ISBN
533:and
482:and
466:The
288:and
144:Rank
75:Died
56:Born
1290:at
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