1727:
504:
716:
197:
1022:
1014:
496:
488:
696:, public health, and the environment. In 2011, construction began on a wastewater pipeline to the peaks. In response, there was an ongoing series of protest actions including demonstrations and lockdowns in which protesters chained themselves to construction equipment. In 2012, a federal appeals court ruled in favor of Arizona Snowbowl, and wastewater to snow conversion began in the 2012–2013 ski season.
40:
1171:
480:
773:
The San
Francisco Peaks themselves contain four of the six life zones. The four life zones that are found along the slopes of the San Francisco Peaks are listed below along with their approximate elevation ranges, dominant tree species found within each of the four life zones, and average annual
619:
visited the San
Francisco Peaks in the mid-1850s, and guided several American expeditions exploring and surveying northern Arizona. Leroux guided them to the only reliable spring, one on the western side of the peaks, which was later named Leroux Springs.
565:
Humphreys Peak (latitude 35°20'47" N) and
Agassiz Peak (latitude 35°19'33" N) are the two farthest south-lying mountain peaks in the contiguous United States that rise to a height of more than 12,000 feet (3,700 m) above sea level.
957:
environment in
Arizona, occupying 1,200 acres (4.9 km) above 10,600 feet (3,200 m). Only a few small herbaceous plants have established themselves in the tundra. One of these species, is the endemic and
3204:
1064:
settlement of Homol'ovi, which was occupied from 1250 to 1425; katsinam imagery dates to the 13th century as well. Other Native
American peoples also relate kachina spirits to heavy snowfalls on the peaks.
712:
found from the bottom of the Grand Canyon to the summit of the mountains, based on elevation, latitude, and average precipitation. He designated their characteristic flora, as follows:
576:
to the northeast (around 200,000 years ago) and subsequent glacial erosion, the San
Francisco Peaks fully matured elevation is estimated to have been around 16,000 feet (4,900 m).
90:
3219:
1040:
is used to calculate the winter solstice, signifying “the beginning of a new year, with a new planting season and new life”. The peaks are seen as the home of the katsinam or
1573:
1196:
1036:
southwest. They constitute ritually pure sacred spaces, and are used as sources for ceremonial objects. The alignment of the sunset from the peaks to Hopi villages on
3229:
1231:
1801:
3224:
2683:
1170:
778:
Ponderosa pine forests – The elevation of the zone ranges from approximately 6,000 to 8,500 feet (1,800 to 2,600 m). The dominant tree species is the
1303:
3214:
2693:
907:– The elevation of this zone varies from approximately 9,500 to 11,500 feet (2,900 to 3,500 m) feet. The dominant tree species of this zone are
2903:
766:
Merriam considered that these life zones could be extended to cover all the world's vegetation types with the addition of only one more zone, the
231:
448:, is the highest point in the state of Arizona at 12,633 feet (3,851 m) in elevation. The San Francisco Peaks are the remains of an eroded
901:
Engel.) joining the mix on warmer slopes. The average annual precipitation in the mixed conifer forest is 25 to 30 inches (640 to 760 mm).
2758:
2698:
1711:
979:
471:
is on the western slopes of
Humphreys Peak, and has been the subject of major controversy involving several tribes and environmental groups.
75:
3239:
2843:
1235:
1010:
inside, to be secured to the ground with a sunbeam, and to be covered with yellow clouds and evening twilight. They are gendered female.
845:
Mixed conifer forest – The elevation of this zone ranges from approximately 8,000 to 9,500 feet (2,400 to 2,900 m). Species such as
2582:
1415:
969:), which is found nowhere else in the world. The average annual precipitation in the tundra is 35 to 40 inches (890 to 1,020 mm).
2688:
2092:
1794:
1037:
1506:
3234:
2564:
1810:
1692:
1603:
846:
811:
570:
1577:
2713:
2023:
1434:
1355:
2803:
636:
3209:
2748:
2678:
1787:
1452:
1227:
374:
1048:
are invited to Hopi villages to serve as ethical and spiritual guides to the Hopi community from midwinter to midsummer.
3093:
2998:
2808:
2718:
2703:
2314:
1818:
1770:
1259:
1191:
720:
429:
307:
224:
83:
1255:
3043:
2933:
2908:
2823:
2648:
382:
314:
3173:
3098:
2893:
2873:
2477:
1177:
1060:
village on
Antelope Mesa. Depiction of the peaks in association with calendar-keeping is attested in a kiva at the
692:, which leases the land to the ski resort, in an attempt to stop the proposed expansion, citing serious impacts to
2953:
2574:
2176:
1838:
585:
2858:
2743:
2441:
2377:
2166:
2056:
1750:
1737:
1684:
1595:
1311:
689:
663:
659:
589:
461:
1746:
3118:
3073:
3023:
3013:
2913:
2878:
2728:
2613:
2541:
2418:
2385:
2143:
2125:
728:
2993:
2828:
2793:
2668:
2623:
2487:
2459:
2433:
2304:
1974:
1856:
1307:
527:
503:
278:
650:, the head of the U.S. Division of Forestry. The local reaction was hostile – citizens of
3083:
3053:
2973:
2773:
2592:
2500:
2005:
1884:
1874:
1083:) (“DookĘĽoĘĽoosĹ‚ĂĂd”, which means “the summit that never melts” or “the mountain peak that never thaws”.)
2209:
947:). The average annual precipitation in the subalpine forest is 30 to 40 inches (760 to 1,020 mm).
3183:
3178:
3143:
2918:
2898:
2853:
2763:
2658:
2618:
2523:
2410:
2038:
1920:
1478:
1056:, a symbol of the Two-Horn Society, a religious group among the Hopi dating to the occupation of the
705:
1733:
715:
3128:
3103:
3058:
3018:
3003:
2983:
2978:
2923:
2813:
2798:
2783:
2768:
2633:
2556:
2322:
2235:
2181:
2064:
1892:
962:
932:
835:
795:
268:
3163:
3063:
3048:
2938:
2848:
2673:
2638:
2628:
2587:
2161:
2110:
2102:
2079:
2015:
1992:
1866:
1851:
1774:
1627:
Glowacka, Maria; Dorothy
Washburn; Justin Richland (2009). "NuvatukyaĘĽovi, San Francisco Peaks".
1033:
959:
803:
624:
555:
437:
290:
3153:
1537:
3158:
3123:
3038:
3008:
2963:
2958:
2833:
2818:
2788:
2738:
2663:
2362:
2245:
2227:
2153:
1956:
1707:
1688:
1644:
1599:
908:
693:
651:
609:
597:
1219:
3168:
3148:
2948:
2943:
2928:
2753:
2533:
2263:
1938:
1902:
1636:
1153:
1052:
or
Humphrey's Peak holds particular religious significance and is associated with the deity
920:
787:
670:
643:
573:
559:
465:
398:
342:
177:
794:) is a common associate of the ponderosa pine at lower elevations in the forest along with
3133:
3068:
2968:
2708:
2423:
2191:
1928:
1828:
1513:
1146:
1108:
1080:
894:
779:
678:
647:
414:
330:
147:
2347:
842:). The average annual precipitation in this zone is 18 to 26 inches (460 to 660 mm).
546:
The mountain provides a number of recreational opportunities, including wintertime snow
196:
3138:
2888:
2883:
2515:
2505:
2495:
2332:
2135:
2120:
2069:
1133:
1021:
940:
904:
858:
823:
747:
737:
616:
515:
495:
445:
425:
366:
358:
302:
61:
487:
17:
3198:
3028:
2469:
2367:
2337:
2327:
2271:
2171:
2115:
2028:
1982:
1846:
1139:
1057:
1026:
987:
954:
950:
878:
628:
449:
406:
350:
283:
162:
1362:
1013:
3113:
3078:
3033:
2988:
2838:
2733:
2653:
2643:
2608:
2546:
2451:
2400:
2390:
2352:
2294:
2217:
1910:
1279:
1101:
978:
The San Francisco Peaks have considerable religious significance to thirteen local
613:
521:
39:
1455:. Northern Arizona University and United States Geological Survey. Archived from
3108:
2868:
2395:
2342:
2276:
1964:
998:.) In particular, the peaks form the Navajo sacred mountain of the west, called
995:
886:
866:
479:
45:
1336:
1006:. The peaks are associated with the color yellow, and they are said to contain
708:
studied these mountains and surrounding areas in 1889, describing a set of six
662:." In 1908, the San Francisco Mountain Forest Reserve became a part of the new
3088:
2863:
2357:
2299:
2199:
2087:
1946:
1061:
674:
601:
539:
1648:
246:
233:
105:
92:
2723:
2253:
2000:
1759:
1119:
983:
709:
1456:
631:, claimed the area around Leroux Springs, and he built Fort Moroni, a log
2046:
1126:
767:
685:
646:
established the San Francisco Mountain Forest Reserve, at the request of
632:
468:
422:
1068:
There are several names for the San Francisco Peaks in local languages:
511:
The six highest individual peaks in Arizona are contained in the range:
2778:
1779:
1592:
Sacred Land, Sacred View: Navajo perceptions of the Four Corners Region
1041:
1007:
460:
supplies much of Flagstaff's water while the mountain itself is in the
457:
453:
433:
295:
1094:
1032:
For the Hopi people, the San Francisco Peaks are associated with the
760:
682:
605:
551:
547:
499:
The San Francisco Peaks as seen from Bellemont, Arizona, Winter 2014.
68:
507:
Panorama, taken from above tree-line near Humphrey's peak (on left).
1765:
1640:
673:, the ski resort on the peaks, proposed a plan to expand and begin
1180:
180 degree S/W panorama from the top of the Agassiz Peak chairlift
1160:
1020:
1012:
714:
502:
494:
486:
478:
1256:"History of the San Francisco Peaks and how they got their names"
1044:
spirits, ancestors who have become clouds following their death.
688:. A coalition of Indian tribes and environmental groups sued the
1087:
991:
724:
593:
554:
the rest of the year. Hart Prairie is a popular hiking area and
1783:
1090:) (Nuvaʼtukyaʼovi, which means “place-of-snow-on-the-very-top”)
608:
village gave the name San Francisco to the peaks to honor St.
1383:. Flagstaff: Northern Arizona University with Old Town Press.
3205:
Religious places of the Indigenous peoples of North America
569:
Prior to its collapse due to a landslide and hypothesized
491:
The San Francisco Peaks (with Agassiz center), Fall 2007.
201:
Map of San Francisco Peaks and surrounding volcanic field
44:
The San Francisco Peaks viewed from atop nearby 9,000 ft
1435:"Resort's Snow Won't Be Pure This Year; It'll Be Sewage"
756:
Hudsonian Zone – spruce-fir or subalpine conifer forest
639:, which was then being built across northern Arizona.
1337:"Indians oppose 'recycled' sewage for Arizona skiing"
2601:
2573:
2555:
2532:
2514:
2486:
2468:
2450:
2432:
2409:
2376:
2313:
2285:
2262:
2244:
2226:
2208:
2190:
2152:
2134:
2101:
2078:
2055:
2037:
2014:
1991:
1973:
1955:
1937:
1919:
1901:
1883:
1865:
1837:
1817:
953:– The San Francisco Peaks are the home of the only
658:editorialized that the reserve "virtually destroys
313:
301:
289:
277:
267:
262:
223:
215:
207:
188:
126:
121:
82:
67:
57:
52:
32:
1512:. Arizona Game and Fish Department. Archived from
1416:"Diné activist protests wastewater-to-snow scheme"
558:preserve located below the mountain's ski resort,
743:Upper Sonoran Zone – pinyon and juniper woodlands
1197:List of mountains and hills of Arizona by height
1704:The National History of the San Francisco Peaks
1232:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
600:, 65 miles from the peaks. Seventeenth century
588:, received that name, Spanish friars founded a
727:image from satellite imagery projected onto a
1795:
169:
8:
1453:"Biotic Communities of the Colorado Plateau"
1073:
1000:
893:) form mixed stands in this community, with
802:). At higher elevations, associates include
335:
136:
133:
3220:Mountain ranges of Coconino County, Arizona
1622:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1280:"The San Francisco Volcanic Field, Arizona"
1145:ʼAmat ʼIikwe Nyava – Hamakhav – (
1802:
1788:
1780:
1730:, showing locations of the principal peaks
1558:Epple, Anne Orth; Epple, Lewis E. (1995).
1399:Houk, Rose (2003). "San Francisco Peaks".
1361:. Flagstaff Visitor Center. Archived from
154:
29:
533:Aubineau Peak, 11,838 feet (3,608 m)
1433:MacMillan, Leslie (September 26, 2012).
1356:"The History of the San Francisco Peaks"
635:, to house railroad tie-cutters for the
27:Mountain range in Arizona, United States
1208:
3230:Extinct volcanoes of the United States
1766:Live webcam of the San Francisco Peaks
1560:A Field Guide to the Plants of Arizona
1507:"Species Biology And Population Trend"
1486:Coconino National Forest Plan Revision
1394:
1392:
1390:
1138:Sunha Kʼhbchu Yalanne – A:shiwi (
273:Between 1 Million and 93,000 Years Ago
1414:MacMillan, Leslie (August 19, 2013).
1330:
1328:
1214:
1212:
719:Composite image of the Peaks and the
536:Rees Peak, 11,474 feet (3,497 m)
7:
3225:Stratovolcanoes of the United States
1236:United States Department of Commerce
1125:Wikʼhanbaja – Hwalʼbay – (
753:Canadian Zone – mixed conifer forest
483:The San Francisco Peaks, Spring 2015
2684:Black Mesa (Apache-Navajo Counties)
444:. The highest summit in the range,
2719:Buckskin Mountains (La Paz County)
1747:Around the Peaks Loop scenic drive
612:, the founder of their order. The
25:
1093:Dził Tso – Dilzhe’e – (
774:precipitation of each life zone:
464:, a popular recreation site. The
3215:Sacred mountains of the Americas
2714:Buckskin Mountain (Arizona-Utah)
2694:Black Mountain (Maricopa County)
1169:
1107:Nuvaxatuh – Nuwuvi – (
1025:San Francisco Peaks viewed from
723:, looking SW towards Flagstaff.
195:
38:
2904:Lime Mountain (Maricopa County}
1100:Tsii Bina – Aaʼku – (
941:Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine
637:Atlantic & Pacific Railroad
2804:Gila Mountains (Graham County)
1728:Shaded relief map of the Peaks
1488:. United States Forest Service
1118: – Havasu ʼBaaja – (
106:35.346341917°N 111.677945539°W
1:
2679:Black Hills (Greenlee County)
1702:Waring, Gwendolyn L. (2018).
1681:Volcanoes of Northern Arizona
1679:Duffield, Wendell A. (1998).
1540:. Northern Arizona University
963:San Francisco Peaks groundsel
627:, a son of the Mormon leader
73:12,633 ft (3,851 m)
2809:Gila Mountains (Yuma County)
2699:Black Mountain (Pima County)
2315:San Francisco Volcanic Field
1335:Nasaw, Daniel (2011-10-19).
1260:United States Forest Service
1192:San Francisco volcanic field
759:Arctic-Alpine Zone – alpine
721:San Francisco volcanic field
542:, 11,460 feet (3,493 m)
530:, 11,969 feet (3,648 m)
524:, 12,356 feet (3,766 m)
518:, 12,637 feet (3,852 m)
440:and a remnant of the former
430:San Francisco volcanic field
308:San Francisco volcanic field
111:35.346341917; -111.677945539
3240:Pleistocene stratovolcanoes
2909:Little Harquahala Mountains
780:southwestern ponderosa pine
596:Indian village in honor of
3256:
3174:West Silver Bell Mountains
2874:John the Baptist Mountains
2583:Black Mesa (Navajo County)
1574:"Kachina Peaks Wilderness"
1401:The Mountains Know Arizona
812:Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir
584:In 1629, 147 years before
2689:Black Mesa (Warm Springs)
1760:San Francisco Peak Trails
1403:. Arizona Highways Books.
1381:They Came to the Mountain
1304:"San Francisco Peaks, AZ"
586:San Francisco, California
193:
37:
3235:Coconino National Forest
2744:Cerro Colorado Mountains
2378:Santa Catalina Mountains
2057:Little Dragoon Mountains
1751:Coconino National Forest
1738:Coconino National Forest
1685:Grand Canyon Association
1596:Brigham Young University
1228:National Geodetic Survey
1152:Sierra sin Agua – (
905:Subalpine conifer forest
824:Rocky Mountain white fir
690:Coconino National Forest
664:Coconino National Forest
642:In 1898, U.S. President
462:Coconino National Forest
3119:Tinajas Altas Mountains
3074:Sierra Madre Occidental
2914:Little Rincon Mountains
2729:Cabeza Prieta Mountains
2614:Agua Caliente Mountains
2144:Mount Ballard (Arizona)
1665:Los Angeles: UCLA, 1992
1086:Nuvaʼtukyaʼovi – (
1034:intercardinal direction
887:Southwestern white pine
804:southwestern white pine
729:digital elevation model
347:Sierra de San Francisco
170:
155:
2994:Painted Rock Mountains
2829:Granite Wash Mountains
2669:Bill Williams Mountain
2488:Superstition Mountains
2434:Santa Teresa Mountains
1975:Hieroglyphic Mountains
1576:. GORP. Archived from
1308:NASA Earth Observatory
1074:
1029:
1018:
1001:
982:tribes (including the
732:
508:
500:
492:
484:
442:San Francisco Mountain
346:
336:
137:
134:
18:San Francisco Mountain
3084:Silver Bell Mountains
3054:Santa Maria Mountains
2774:Dos Cabezas Mountains
2501:Superstition Mountain
1885:Castle Dome Mountains
1771:Hart Prairie Preserve
1590:Robert S. McPherson,
1538:"Alpine Tundra Biome"
1379:Cline, Platt (1976).
1024:
1016:
885:), and less commonly
851:Pseudotsuga menziesii
816:Pseudotsuga menziesii
736:Lower Sonoran Zone –
718:
571:Mount St. Helens-like
506:
498:
490:
482:
411:Sunha K'hbchu Yalanne
3210:Volcanoes of Arizona
3184:Wickenburg Mountains
3179:White Tank Mountains
3144:Tumacacori Mountains
2919:Lukachukai Mountains
2899:Las Guijas Mountains
2854:Harquahala Mountains
2764:Date Creek Mountains
2659:Beaver Dam Mountains
2619:Agua Dulce Mountains
2411:Santa Rita Mountains
2039:Little Ajo Mountains
1921:Chiricahua Mountains
1811:Mountains of Arizona
1629:Current Anthropology
1562:. Falcon Publishing.
1017:Lockett Meadow, 1996
706:Clinton Hart Merriam
654:, protested and the
3129:Tortolita Mountains
3104:Swisshelm Mountains
3059:Sevenmile Mountains
3019:Picketpost Mountain
3004:Patagonia Mountains
2984:New Water Mountains
2979:New River Mountains
2924:Madrean Sky Islands
2844:Guadalupe Mountains
2814:Goldfield Mountains
2799:Gila Bend Mountains
2769:Dome Rock Mountains
2749:Chocolate Mountains
2704:Blackjack Mountains
2634:Artillery Mountains
2557:Whetstone Mountains
2323:Black Bottom Crater
2287:San Francisco Peaks
2182:Sunnyslope Mountain
1734:San Francisco Peaks
1663:A Mojave Dictionary
1459:on January 14, 2013
967:Packera franciscana
937:Populus tremuloides
840:Populus tremuloides
694:traditional culture
327:San Francisco Peaks
243: /
102: /
33:San Francisco Peaks
3164:Waterman Mountains
3094:Sugarloaf Mountain
3064:Sierra San Antonio
3049:San Luis Mountains
2999:Pajarito Mountains
2939:Moccasin Mountains
2849:Harcuvar Mountains
2674:Bitsihuitsos Butte
2639:Atascosa Mountains
2629:Aquarius Mountains
2588:Escudilla Mountain
2210:Pinaleño Mountains
2162:Camelback Mountain
2103:McDowell Mountains
2080:Mazatzal Mountains
2016:Hualapai Mountains
1993:Huachuca Mountains
1867:Bradshaw Mountains
1852:Fortification Hill
1775:Nature Conservancy
1762:at HikeArizona.COM
1159:The Peaks – (
1132:Wi꞉mun Kwa –
1030:
1019:
808:Pinus strobiformis
800:Robina neomexicana
746:Transition Zone –
733:
625:John Willard Young
556:Nature Conservancy
509:
501:
493:
485:
419:'Amat 'Iikwe Nyava
383:Havasupai-Hualapai
319:~400,000 years ago
247:35.333°N 111.667°W
76: NAVD 88
53:Highest point
3192:
3191:
3159:Vulture Mountains
3124:Tordillo Mountain
3044:Sacaton Mountains
3039:Rawhide Mountains
3009:Peacock Mountains
2964:Mustang Mountains
2959:Muggins Mountains
2934:Mineral Mountains
2834:Growler Mountains
2824:Granite Mountains
2819:Grand Wash Cliffs
2789:Galiuro Mountains
2739:Carrizo Mountains
2664:Belmont Mountains
2363:Strawberry Crater
2246:Quinlan Mountains
2228:Plomosa Mountains
2154:Phoenix Mountains
1957:Dragoon Mountains
1713:978-0-692-11615-9
1420:High Country News
1341:BBC News Magazine
1114:Hvehasahpatch or
974:In native culture
913:Picea engelmannii
899:Pinus brachyptera
796:New Mexico locust
784:Pinus brachyptera
652:Williams, Arizona
610:Francis of Assisi
432:in north central
323:
322:
225:Range coordinates
78:
16:(Redirected from
3247:
3169:Weaver Mountains
3149:Virgin Mountains
3099:Sunset Mountains
2949:Mohawk Mountains
2944:Mohave Mountains
2929:Mescal Mountains
2894:Laguna Mountains
2759:Coyote Mountains
2754:Copper Mountains
2649:Baboquivari Peak
2534:Tucson Mountains
2478:Granite Mountain
2264:Rincon Mountains
1939:Chuska Mountains
1903:Cerbat Mountains
1821:(Yavapai County)
1804:
1797:
1790:
1781:
1717:
1698:
1666:
1661:Munro, P et al.
1659:
1653:
1652:
1624:
1607:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1545:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1524:
1518:
1511:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1493:
1483:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1411:
1405:
1404:
1396:
1385:
1384:
1376:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1360:
1354:Hardy, James A.
1351:
1345:
1344:
1332:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1319:
1310:. Archived from
1300:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1290:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1252:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1216:
1173:
1078:
1077:
1005:
1004:
925:Abies lasiocarpa
909:Engelmann spruce
792:Quercus gambelii
681:made of treated
671:Arizona Snowbowl
644:William McKinley
574:lateral eruption
560:Arizona Snowbowl
466:Arizona Snowbowl
436:, just north of
340:
339:
258:
257:
255:
254:
253:
252:35.333; -111.667
248:
244:
241:
240:
239:
236:
199:
181:
173:
166:
158:
151:
143:
141:
140:
117:
116:
114:
113:
112:
107:
103:
100:
99:
98:
95:
74:
42:
30:
21:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3244:
3195:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3154:Vulcan's Throne
3134:Trigo Mountains
3069:Sierra Estrella
2969:Navajo Mountain
2709:Bryan Mountains
2597:
2575:White Mountains
2569:
2551:
2528:
2510:
2482:
2464:
2446:
2428:
2424:Mount Wrightson
2405:
2372:
2309:
2281:
2258:
2240:
2222:
2204:
2192:Pinal Mountains
2186:
2177:South Mountains
2148:
2130:
2097:
2074:
2051:
2033:
2010:
1987:
1969:
1951:
1933:
1929:Chiricahua Peak
1915:
1897:
1879:
1861:
1839:Black Mountains
1833:
1829:Mingus Mountain
1820:
1813:
1808:
1724:
1714:
1701:
1695:
1678:
1675:
1673:Further reading
1670:
1669:
1660:
1656:
1626:
1625:
1610:
1589:
1585:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1543:
1541:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1522:
1520:
1516:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1491:
1489:
1481:
1479:"Alpine Tundra"
1477:
1476:
1472:
1462:
1460:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1398:
1397:
1388:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1365:
1358:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1334:
1333:
1326:
1317:
1315:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1288:
1286:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1264:
1262:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1240:
1238:
1218:
1217:
1210:
1205:
1188:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1174:
1109:Southern Paiute
1072:
999:
980:American Indian
976:
702:
679:reclaimed water
660:Coconino County
648:Gifford Pinchot
582:
477:
375:Southern Paiute
334:
251:
249:
245:
242:
237:
234:
232:
230:
229:
203:
202:
184:
175:
160:
145:
135:
110:
108:
104:
101:
96:
93:
91:
89:
88:
48:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3253:
3251:
3243:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3197:
3196:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3139:Tule Mountains
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2954:Mount Trumbull
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2889:Kofa Mountains
2886:
2884:Kaibab Plateau
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2859:House Mountain
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2605:
2603:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2579:
2577:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2567:
2561:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2549:
2544:
2538:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2526:
2520:
2518:
2516:Tank Mountains
2512:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2506:Weavers Needle
2503:
2498:
2496:Silly Mountain
2492:
2490:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2474:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2462:
2456:
2454:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2444:
2442:Mount Turnbull
2438:
2436:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2426:
2421:
2415:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2382:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2333:Humphreys Peak
2330:
2325:
2319:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2291:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2268:
2266:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2250:
2248:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2232:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2214:
2212:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2202:
2196:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2167:Mummy Mountain
2164:
2158:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2140:
2138:
2136:Mule Mountains
2132:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2123:
2121:Mount McDowell
2118:
2113:
2107:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2090:
2084:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2070:Mae West Peaks
2067:
2061:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2049:
2043:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2020:
2018:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1997:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1979:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1961:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1943:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1931:
1925:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1907:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1889:
1887:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1871:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1843:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1825:
1823:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1807:
1806:
1799:
1792:
1784:
1778:
1777:
1768:
1763:
1756:
1755:
1754:
1753:
1741:
1740:
1731:
1723:
1722:External links
1720:
1719:
1718:
1712:
1699:
1693:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1654:
1641:10.1086/599069
1608:
1583:
1580:on 2010-05-13.
1565:
1550:
1529:
1498:
1470:
1444:
1439:New York Times
1425:
1406:
1386:
1371:
1368:on 2013-07-17.
1346:
1324:
1295:
1284:USGS factsheet
1271:
1247:
1224:NGS Data Sheet
1207:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1187:
1184:
1176:
1175:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1157:
1150:
1143:
1136:
1130:
1123:
1112:
1105:
1098:
1091:
1084:
1075:DookĘĽoĘĽoosĹ‚ĂĂd
1002:DookĘĽoĘĽoosĹ‚ĂĂd
975:
972:
971:
970:
948:
945:Pinus aristata
902:
895:Ponderosa pine
891:Pinus flexilis
871:Pinus flexilis
863:Abies concolor
843:
828:Abies concolor
764:
763:
757:
754:
751:
748:ponderosa pine
744:
741:
738:Sonoran Desert
704:The biologist
701:
698:
617:Antoine Leroux
581:
578:
544:
543:
537:
534:
531:
525:
519:
516:Humphreys Peak
476:
473:
446:Humphreys Peak
426:mountain range
359:Western Apache
355:Nuva'tukya'ovi
337:DookĘĽoĘĽoosĹ‚ĂĂd
321:
320:
317:
311:
310:
305:
303:Volcanic field
299:
298:
293:
287:
286:
281:
275:
274:
271:
265:
264:
260:
259:
227:
221:
220:
217:
213:
212:
209:
205:
204:
200:
194:
191:
190:
186:
185:
183:
182:
167:
156:Nuva'tukya’ovi
152:
138:DookĘĽoĘĽoosĹ‚ĂĂd
130:
128:
124:
123:
119:
118:
86:
80:
79:
71:
65:
64:
62:Humphreys Peak
59:
55:
54:
50:
49:
43:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3252:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3029:Poachie Range
3027:
3025:
3024:Pinnacle Peak
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2624:Antelope Hill
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2572:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2558:
2554:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2542:Sentinel Peak
2540:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2531:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2471:
2470:Sierra Prieta
2467:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2453:
2449:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2431:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2419:Mount Hopkins
2417:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2408:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2386:Mount Bigelow
2384:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2375:
2369:
2368:Sunset Crater
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2338:Kendrick Peak
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2328:Double Crater
2326:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2312:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2284:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2272:Mica Mountain
2270:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2261:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2225:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2207:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2193:
2189:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2172:Piestewa Peak
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2133:
2127:
2126:Thompson Peak
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2116:McDowell Peak
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2054:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2030:
2029:Hualapai Peak
2027:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2013:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1984:
1983:White Picacho
1981:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1936:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1847:Boundary Cone
1845:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1816:
1812:
1805:
1800:
1798:
1793:
1791:
1786:
1785:
1782:
1776:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1715:
1709:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1694:0-938216-58-9
1690:
1686:
1683:. Flagstaff:
1682:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1664:
1658:
1655:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1604:1-56085-008-6
1601:
1597:
1593:
1587:
1584:
1579:
1575:
1569:
1566:
1561:
1554:
1551:
1539:
1533:
1530:
1519:on 2011-08-23
1515:
1508:
1502:
1499:
1487:
1480:
1474:
1471:
1458:
1454:
1448:
1445:
1440:
1436:
1429:
1426:
1421:
1417:
1410:
1407:
1402:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1382:
1375:
1372:
1364:
1357:
1350:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1314:on 2006-09-30
1313:
1309:
1305:
1299:
1296:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1272:
1261:
1257:
1251:
1248:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1202:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1178:
1172:
1162:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1076:
1071:
1070:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1050:Aaloosaktukwi
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1028:
1027:U.S. Route 89
1023:
1015:
1011:
1009:
1003:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
973:
968:
964:
961:
956:
955:alpine tundra
952:
951:Alpine tundra
949:
946:
942:
938:
934:
933:quaking aspen
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
903:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
883:Picea pungens
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
841:
837:
836:quaking aspen
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
776:
775:
771:
769:
762:
758:
755:
752:
749:
745:
742:
739:
735:
734:
730:
726:
722:
717:
713:
711:
707:
699:
697:
695:
691:
687:
684:
680:
676:
672:
667:
665:
661:
657:
656:Williams News
653:
649:
645:
640:
638:
634:
630:
629:Brigham Young
626:
623:Around 1877,
621:
618:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
579:
577:
575:
572:
567:
563:
561:
557:
553:
549:
541:
538:
535:
532:
529:
526:
523:
520:
517:
514:
513:
512:
505:
497:
489:
481:
474:
472:
470:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
450:stratovolcano
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
387:Hvehasahpatch
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
338:
332:
328:
318:
316:
315:Last eruption
312:
309:
306:
304:
300:
297:
294:
292:
288:
285:
284:Stratovolcano
282:
280:
279:Mountain type
276:
272:
270:
266:
261:
256:
228:
226:
222:
218:
214:
211:United States
210:
206:
198:
192:
187:
179:
172:
168:
164:
157:
153:
149:
142:
139:
132:
131:
129:
125:
120:
115:
87:
85:
81:
77:
72:
70:
66:
63:
60:
56:
51:
47:
41:
36:
31:
19:
3114:Temple Butte
3079:Sierra Pinta
3034:Poston Butte
3014:Picacho Peak
2989:Newton Butte
2879:Juniper Mesa
2839:Gu Achi Peak
2794:Gavilan Peak
2734:Canelo Hills
2654:Balakai Mesa
2644:Aubrey Hills
2609:Agathla Peak
2547:Tumamoc Hill
2460:Mistake Peak
2452:Sierra Ancha
2401:Thimble Peak
2391:Mount Lemmon
2353:Roden Crater
2348:O'Leary Peak
2305:Fremont Peak
2295:Agassiz Peak
2286:
2218:Mount Graham
1911:Mount Tipton
1857:Mount Wilson
1703:
1680:
1662:
1657:
1632:
1628:
1591:
1586:
1578:the original
1568:
1559:
1553:
1542:. Retrieved
1532:
1521:. Retrieved
1514:the original
1501:
1490:. Retrieved
1485:
1473:
1461:. Retrieved
1457:the original
1447:
1438:
1428:
1419:
1409:
1400:
1380:
1374:
1363:the original
1349:
1340:
1316:. Retrieved
1312:the original
1298:
1287:. Retrieved
1283:
1274:
1263:. Retrieved
1250:
1239:. Retrieved
1223:
1115:
1067:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1031:
977:
966:
944:
936:
928:
924:
921:corkbark fir
916:
912:
898:
890:
882:
874:
870:
862:
854:
850:
839:
831:
827:
819:
815:
807:
799:
791:
783:
772:
765:
703:
668:
655:
641:
622:
614:mountain man
583:
568:
564:
545:
528:Fremont Peak
522:Agassiz Peak
510:
441:
418:
410:
402:
394:
390:
386:
378:
370:
362:
354:
326:
324:
291:Type of rock
3109:Tempe Butte
2974:The Needles
2869:Isis Temple
2593:Mount Baldy
2565:Apache Peak
2396:Pusch Ridge
2343:Mount Elden
2277:Rincon Peak
2024:Aubrey Peak
2006:Miller Peak
1965:Mount Glenn
1893:Castle Dome
1875:Mount Union
1819:Black Hills
1116:Huassapatch
917:engelmannii
879:blue spruce
867:limber pine
847:Douglas-fir
602:Franciscans
598:St. Francis
456:within the
395:Wik'hanbaja
391:Huassapatch
269:Age of rock
250: /
127:Native name
109: /
97:111°40′41″W
84:Coordinates
46:Mount Elden
3199:Categories
3089:Squaw Tits
2864:Hunts Mesa
2524:Black Dome
2358:S P Crater
2300:Doyle Peak
2200:Pinal Peak
2088:Four Peaks
1947:Roof Butte
1635:(4): 547.
1544:2012-03-21
1523:2012-03-21
1492:2012-03-21
1318:2006-05-23
1289:2006-12-16
1265:2021-10-19
1241:2021-02-05
1203:References
1163:Arizonans)
1062:Hisatsinom
1038:Black Mesa
960:threatened
939:) and the
788:Gambel oak
710:life zones
675:snowmaking
540:Doyle Peak
403:Wi:mun Kwa
171:Wi:munakwa
94:35°20′47″N
2784:Excalibur
2724:Bush Head
2254:Kitt Peak
2236:Ibex Peak
2093:Mount Ord
2065:Lime Peak
2001:Carr Peak
1649:0011-3204
1463:March 21,
1120:Havasupai
1054:Aaloosaka
984:Havasupai
929:arizonica
859:white fir
786:Engel.).
669:In 2002,
475:Geography
438:Flagstaff
379:Nuvaxatuh
371:Tsii Bina
189:Geography
69:Elevation
2111:East End
2047:Ajo Peak
1220:"Frisco"
1186:See also
1127:Hualapai
1058:Awat’ovi
1046:Katsinam
832:concolor
768:tropical
686:effluent
633:stockade
469:ski area
423:volcanic
421:) are a
363:Dził Tso
238:111°40′W
2779:Etoi Ki
1154:Spanish
1134:Yavapai
1042:kachina
1008:abalone
915:subsp.
875:reflexa
834:), and
750:forests
700:Ecology
590:mission
580:History
458:caldera
454:aquifer
434:Arizona
428:in the
399:Yavapai
343:Spanish
296:Igneous
263:Geology
235:35°20′N
219:Arizona
208:Country
178:Yavapai
2602:Others
1710:
1691:
1647:
1602:
1343:. BBC.
1147:Mojave
1095:Apache
1081:Navajo
994:, and
988:Navajo
855:glauca
820:glauca
770:zone.
761:tundra
740:plants
683:sewage
677:using
606:Oraibi
552:hiking
548:skiing
415:Mojave
331:Navajo
174:
159:
148:Navajo
144:
122:Naming
1517:(PDF)
1510:(PDF)
1482:(PDF)
1366:(PDF)
1359:(PDF)
1161:Anglo
1102:Acoma
927:var.
873:var.
853:var.
830:var.
592:at a
452:. An
367:Keres
216:State
1708:ISBN
1689:ISBN
1645:ISSN
1600:ISBN
1465:2012
1140:Zuni
1088:Hopi
996:Zuni
992:Hopi
818:var.
725:NASA
594:Hopi
550:and
407:Zuni
351:Hopi
325:The
163:Hopi
58:Peak
1773:at
1749:at
1736:at
1637:doi
943:. (
931:),
919:),
881:. (
877:),
865:),
857:),
822:),
814:, (
810:),
604:at
3201::
1706:.
1687:.
1643:.
1633:50
1631:.
1611:^
1598:,
1594:,
1484:.
1437:.
1418:.
1389:^
1339:.
1327:^
1306:.
1282:.
1258:.
1234:,
1230:,
1226:.
1222:.
1211:^
1079:–(
990:,
986:,
666:.
562:.
417::
413:,
409::
405:,
401::
397:,
385::
381:,
377::
373:,
369::
365:,
361::
357:,
353::
349:,
345::
341:,
333::
1803:e
1796:t
1789:v
1716:.
1697:.
1651:.
1639::
1606:.
1547:.
1526:.
1495:.
1467:.
1441:.
1422:.
1321:.
1292:.
1268:.
1244:.
1156:)
1149:)
1142:)
1129:)
1122:)
1111:)
1104:)
1097:)
965:(
935:(
923:(
911:(
897:(
889:(
869:(
861:(
849:(
838:(
826:(
806:(
798:(
790:(
782:(
731:.
393:/
389:/
329:(
180:)
176:(
165:)
161:(
150:)
146:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
