27:
42:
399:. The rest of the shells were 189 Type 0 "HE" shells and 625 Type 1 "AP" shells which fell into the Lunga perimeter, most of them falling in and around the 2,200-square-metre (0.54-acre) area of the airfield. The bombardment heavily damaged the airfield's two runways, burned almost all of the available aviation fuel, destroyed 48 of the CAF's ("
395:, escorted by one light cruiser and nine destroyers—approached Guadalcanal unopposed and opened fire on Henderson Field at 01:33 on 14 October. Over the next 83 minutes, they fired 973 of the main gun 35.6 cm (14.0 in) shells, of which 104 were Type 3s fired by
84:
rounds. The shells were intended to create a large volume of flame which attacking aircraft would have to fly through. However, U.S. pilots considered these shells to be more of a pyrotechnics display than an effective anti-aircraft weapon.
410:
on 13 November 1942, another
Japanese naval force attempted to bombard Henderson Field but before they could reach their target they were intercepted by American cruisers and destroyers. The first few salvos from the battleships
423:
consisted of the
Sanshiki anti-aircraft shells, as their crews were not expecting a ship-to-ship confrontation and took several minutes to switch to armor-piercing ammunition, with several Sanshiki shells hitting the cruiser
442:-class battleships by 1944, they were rarely used in combat against enemy aircraft. The blast of the main guns turned out to disrupt the fire of the smaller antiaircraft guns. In addition the copper
702:
1050:
1110:
1120:
1095:
363:. On 13 October 1942, in order to help protect the transit of an important supply convoy to Guadalcanal that consisted of six slower cargo ships, the Japanese
446:
of the rounds were poorly machined and constant firing was damaging to the gun rifling; indeed, one of the shells may have exploded early and disabled one of
675:
524:
1105:
1100:
141:
Once the shell exploded, the incendiary tubes ignited about a half-second later and burned for 5 seconds with 5-metre (16 ft) long flames,
1080:
1156:
695:
1090:
652:
1115:
1075:
1043:
1085:
299:
The maximum effective range was only 1,000 m (3,300 ft), with a maximum possible altitude of 10,000 m (33,000 ft)
871:
810:
772:
915:
856:
815:
688:
546:
866:
777:
762:
738:
275:
219:
1036:
944:
895:
836:
114:
The tubes were a hollow steel cylinder, 90 mm (3.5 in) long and 25 mm (1 in) diameter, filled with "rubber
1151:
905:
418:
380:
1070:
910:
861:
733:
384:
304:
247:
805:
1146:
939:
820:
447:
407:
309:
88:
The
Sanshiki anti-aircraft shell was designed for several gun calibers, from the 12.7 cm (5.0 in) up to the
642:
900:
846:
800:
743:
460:
390:
360:
190:
89:
841:
456:
425:
344:
876:
851:
412:
146:
Steel stays, which held the shell structurally during its deployment and forming part of the shrapnel fragment,
20:
934:
767:
348:
156:(Type 91 Shiki), which was adjusted for each shot to change the triggering altitude of the explosive charge,
93:
26:
1059:
987:
972:
967:
77:
1002:
925:
73:
1141:
431:, causing less serious damage than that which would have been inflicted by armor-piercing shells.
680:
340:
648:
542:
149:
An explosive charge at its base, used to create a dispersion cone, to create the barrier wall,
70:
466:
400:
368:
119:
1012:
1007:
997:
992:
982:
977:
41:
473:
flying boats shadowing her, and later against the attacking aircraft of Task Force 58.
364:
153:
127:
123:
66:
619:
492:
45:
The explosion of a 46 cm (18 in) San
Shikidan incendiary anti-aircraft shell
1135:
724:
35:
712:
443:
376:
135:
62:
791:
470:
372:
720:
359:
The
Sanshiki anti-aircraft shells were used for shore bombardment during the
19:
This article is about a
Japanese weapon of World War II. For other uses, see
886:
787:
597:
489:
These shells may have been nicknamed "The
Beehive" while in service. See:
1028:
562:
115:
959:
753:
131:
1017:
163:
Depending on the caliber, the composition of the shells could vary:
620:"Japanese 40 cm/45 (18.1") Type 94, 46 cm/45 (18.1") Type 94"
493:"Japanese 40 cm/45 (18.1") Type 94, 46 cm/45 (18.1") Type 94"
40:
25:
1032:
684:
438:
shells comprised 40% of the total main ammunition load of the
403:") 90 aircraft, and killed 41 men, including six CAF aircrew.
347:
also used a specially-fuzed variation of this shell for its
541:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. p. 267.
539:
Battleships: Axis and
Neutral Battleships in World War II
598:"Oil and Japanese Strategy in the Solomons: A Postulate"
465:
fired these shells in two separate instances during
958:
924:
885:
829:
786:
752:
719:
613:
611:
383:. Kurita's force—consisting of the battleships
676:US Naval Technical Mission to Japan (No. O-19)
525:US Naval Technical Mission to Japan (No. O-19)
126:, 9.3 %polysulfide synthetic rubber, 5 %
54:
1044:
696:
537:Garzke, William H.; Dulin, Robert O. (1985).
8:
644:The Battle of Leyte Gulf: 23-26 October 1944
1051:
1037:
1029:
703:
689:
681:
138:) and ignited through holes on both sides.
647:. Naval Institute Press. pp. 146–.
291:2 kg (4.4 lb) explosive charge
165:
517:
482:
80:. They were generically referred to as
7:
641:Thomas J. Cutler (14 October 2013).
214:Designation: Type 3 Shell Model 13
159:A wooden warhead body, painted red.
296:100 m (330 ft) diameter
268:152 m (499 ft) diameter
240:213 m (699 ft) diameter
211:242 m (794 ft) diameter
14:
618:DiGiulian, Tony (23 April 2007).
491:DiGiulian, Tony (23 April 2007).
408:First Naval Battle of Guadalcanal
351:, for antiaircraft barrage fire.
331:54 m (177 ft) diameter
107:These shells were composed of:
906:12 cm 11th Year Type naval gun
711:Japanese naval weapons of the
248:35.6 cm (14.0 in)/45
1:
1157:World War II weapons of Japan
310:12.7 cm (5.0 in)/50
305:12.7 cm (5.0 in)/40
276:20.3 cm (8.0 in)/50
195:1,360 kg (3,000 lb)
583:, pp. 315–20, 171–5, Hough,
349:38 cm (15 in) guns
90:46 cm (18 in) guns
16:Japanese anti-aircraft shell
585:Pearl Harbor to Guadalcanal
375:—commanded by Vice-Admiral
252:622 kg (1,371 lb)
224:940 kg (2,070 lb)
1173:
361:Battle for Henderson Field
317:437 mm (17.2 in)
254:1,200 mm (47 in)
226:1,400 mm (55 in)
220:41 cm (16 in)/45
197:1,600 mm (63 in)
191:46 cm (18 in)/45
30:A 46 cm (18 in)
18:
1066:
457:Battle of the Sibuyan Sea
345:German battleship Tirpitz
280:126 kg (278 lb)
55:
950:Type 3 Shell "San Shiki"
877:20 cm/12 short naval gun
872:15.5 cm/60 3rd Year Type
852:12 cm/12 short naval gun
773:15.5 cm/60 3rd Year Type
577:Struggle for Guadalcanal
371:sent a naval force from
282:860 mm (34 in)
21:Beehive (disambiguation)
916:14 cm/40 11th Year Type
857:12 cm/45 10th Year Type
816:12 cm/45 10th Year Type
768:15 cm/50 41st Year Type
734:36 cm/45 41st Year Type
315:23 kg (51 lb)
34:shell displayed at the
1060:Imperial Japanese Navy
867:14 cm/50 3rd Year Type
811:12 cm/45 3rd Year Type
778:20 cm/50 3rd Year Type
763:14 cm/50 3rd Year Type
739:41 cm/45 3rd Year Type
563:"Imperial Battleships"
78:Imperial Japanese Navy
46:
38:
1152:Anti-aircraft weapons
837:8 cm/40 3rd Year Type
602:www.combinedfleet.com
339:During repairs after
44:
29:
1071:Minister of the Navy
945:Type 4 Rocket "RoSa"
1003:61 cm 8th Year Type
988:53 cm 6th Year Type
355:Operational history
204:1500 fragments
76:round used by the
1147:Incendiary weapons
911:12.7 cm/40 Type 88
862:12.7 cm/40 Type 89
830:Secondary armament
455:s guns during the
341:Operation Tungsten
326:? explosive charge
263:? explosive charge
235:? explosive charge
206:? explosive charge
111:Incendiary tubes:
47:
39:
1129:
1128:
1026:
1025:
821:12.7 cm/50 Type 3
654:978-1-55750-243-8
337:
336:
329:10° of dispersion
294:13° of dispersion
266:15° of dispersion
238:15° of dispersion
209:15° of dispersion
59:, "Type 3 shell")
1164:
1053:
1046:
1039:
1030:
940:Type 93 13mm Gun
935:Type 96 25mm gun
901:10 cm/50 Type 88
847:10 cm/65 Type 98
806:12 cm/40 Type 41
801:10 cm/65 Type 98
744:46 cm/45 Type 94
713:Second World War
705:
698:
691:
682:
668:
667:Steinberg, p. 54
665:
659:
658:
638:
632:
631:
629:
627:
615:
606:
605:
594:
588:
573:
567:
566:
559:
553:
552:
534:
528:
522:
505:
504:
502:
500:
487:
469:, first against
467:Operation Ten-Go
454:
436:3 Shiki tsûjôdan
434:Even though the
401:Cactus Air Force
369:Isoroku Yamamoto
166:
60:
58:
57:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1062:
1057:
1027:
1022:
954:
920:
896:8 cm/40 Type 88
881:
842:8 cm/60 Type 98
825:
782:
748:
715:
709:
672:
671:
666:
662:
655:
640:
639:
635:
625:
623:
617:
616:
609:
596:
595:
591:
574:
570:
561:
560:
556:
549:
536:
535:
531:
523:
519:
514:
509:
508:
498:
496:
490:
488:
484:
479:
452:
381:Henderson Field
357:
330:
325:
323:
321:
316:
308:
295:
290:
288:
286:
281:
267:
262:
260:
258:
253:
239:
234:
232:
230:
225:
210:
205:
203:
201:
196:
181:
173:
105:
52:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1170:
1168:
1160:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1134:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1048:
1041:
1033:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
964:
962:
956:
955:
953:
952:
947:
942:
937:
931:
929:
922:
921:
919:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
892:
890:
883:
882:
880:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
833:
831:
827:
826:
824:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
797:
795:
784:
783:
781:
780:
775:
770:
765:
759:
757:
750:
749:
747:
746:
741:
736:
730:
728:
717:
716:
710:
708:
707:
700:
693:
685:
679:
678:
670:
669:
660:
653:
633:
622:. Navweaps.com
607:
589:
568:
554:
547:
529:
516:
515:
513:
510:
507:
506:
495:. Navweaps.com
481:
480:
478:
475:
365:Combined Fleet
356:
353:
335:
334:
332:
327:
318:
313:
301:
300:
297:
292:
283:
278:
272:
271:
269:
264:
255:
250:
244:
243:
241:
236:
233:1110 fragments
227:
222:
216:
215:
212:
207:
198:
193:
187:
186:
183:
178:
175:
170:
161:
160:
157:
150:
147:
144:
143:
142:
139:
128:natural rubber
124:barium nitrate
104:
103:Specifications
101:
65:-era combined
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1169:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1096:Warship Units
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1076:General Staff
1074:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1061:
1054:
1049:
1047:
1042:
1040:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1013:61 cm Type 93
1011:
1009:
1008:61 cm Type 90
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
998:53 cm Type 95
996:
994:
993:53 cm Type 92
991:
989:
986:
984:
983:45 cm Type 97
981:
979:
978:45 cm Type 91
976:
974:
973:53 cm Type 89
971:
969:
968:53 cm Type 44
966:
965:
963:
961:
957:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
932:
930:
927:
926:Anti-aircraft
923:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
893:
891:
888:
884:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
834:
832:
828:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
798:
796:
794:main armament
793:
789:
785:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
760:
758:
756:main armament
755:
751:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
731:
729:
727:main armament
726:
725:battlecruiser
722:
718:
714:
706:
701:
699:
694:
692:
687:
686:
683:
677:
674:
673:
664:
661:
656:
650:
646:
645:
637:
634:
621:
614:
612:
608:
603:
599:
593:
590:
587:, pp. 326–27.
586:
582:
578:
572:
569:
564:
558:
555:
550:
548:9780870211010
544:
540:
533:
530:
526:
521:
518:
511:
494:
486:
483:
476:
474:
472:
468:
464:
463:
458:
451:
450:
445:
444:driving bands
441:
437:
432:
430:
429:
428:San Francisco
422:
421:
416:
415:
409:
404:
402:
398:
394:
393:
388:
387:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
354:
352:
350:
346:
342:
333:
328:
319:
314:
311:
306:
303:
302:
298:
293:
289:255 fragments
284:
279:
277:
274:
273:
270:
265:
261:679 fragments
256:
251:
249:
246:
245:
242:
237:
228:
223:
221:
218:
217:
213:
208:
199:
194:
192:
189:
188:
184:
179:
176:
171:
168:
167:
164:
158:
155:
151:
148:
145:
140:
137:
134:, 0.2 %
133:
130:, 0.5 %
129:
125:
121:
118:" (45 %
117:
113:
112:
110:
109:
108:
102:
100:
99:battleships.
98:
96:
91:
86:
83:
79:
75:
74:anti-aircraft
72:
68:
64:
51:
50:San-shiki-dan
43:
37:
36:Yamato Museum
33:
28:
22:
949:
663:
643:
636:
624:. Retrieved
601:
592:
584:
580:
576:
571:
557:
538:
532:
520:
497:. Retrieved
485:
461:
448:
439:
435:
433:
427:
419:
413:
405:
396:
391:
385:
379:—to bombard
377:Takeo Kurita
358:
338:
324:66 fragments
182:(dispersion)
180:Performances
162:
136:stearic acid
122:, 40 %
106:
94:
87:
81:
63:World War II
49:
48:
31:
581:Guadalcanal
471:PBM Mariner
406:During the
177:Composition
1142:Ammunition
1136:Categories
721:Battleship
512:References
367:commander
202:1500 stays
172:Mass &
154:delay fuze
71:incendiary
1101:Air Units
960:Torpedoes
887:Submarine
788:Destroyer
579:, Frank,
575:Morison,
426:USS
420:Kirishima
285:198 tubes
259:199 stays
257:480 tubes
231:375 stays
229:940 tubes
200:996 tubes
1111:Aircraft
1081:Admirals
792:KaibĹŤkan
626:23 March
499:23 March
322:23 stays
320:43 tubes
287:57 stays
120:elektron
116:thermite
67:shrapnel
32:Sanshiki
1121:Battles
1116:Weapons
928:weapons
754:Cruiser
449:Musashi
307:Type 89
132:sulphur
92:of the
82:Beehive
1091:Fleets
1018:Kaiten
651:
545:
462:Yamato
440:Yamato
392:Haruna
343:, the
312:Type 3
185:Notes
174:Length
97:-class
95:Yamato
61:was a
1106:Ships
1086:Ranks
477:Notes
453:'
397:KongĹŤ
386:KongĹŤ
889:guns
790:and
723:and
649:ISBN
628:2009
543:ISBN
501:2009
417:and
414:Hiei
389:and
373:Truk
69:and
527:p15
169:Gun
56:三式弾
1138::
610:^
600:.
459:.
152:A
1052:e
1045:t
1038:v
704:e
697:t
690:v
657:.
630:.
604:.
565:.
551:.
503:.
53:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
