Knowledge (XXG)

Lesbian literature

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1657: 1999: 2980: 2382: 31: 2659: 2011: 1646: 80: 7544: 7533: 3818: 1178: 2883: 1290:. From various ancient writings, historians have gathered that a group of young women were left in Sappho's charge for their instruction or cultural edification. Not much of Sappho's poetry remains, but that which does demonstrates the topics she wrote about: women's daily lives, their relationships, and rituals. She focused on the beauty of women and proclaimed her love for girls. 2432: 2182: 3100:(RCE) in January 2021. Flashpoint Publications/RCE has a catalog of lesbian romance, lesbian mystery, some erotica, sci-fi, fantasy, and sagas currently exceeding 150 works. Bold Strokes Books, established in 2005, publishes lesbian and gay male mystery, thrillers, sci-fi, adventure, and other LGBT genre books, with a catalog including 130 titles. 1886:, which were founded specifically for a lesbian audience, provided platforms for common lesbian women to express themselves in literature. Although the literary level was rarely high, the authors succeeded in presenting lesbian lifestyles as utopias, thus offering opportunities for identification and affirmation of one's own identity. Especially 1539: 1388: 2830:, a self-described "lesbian poet", published 'Cool for You' at the turn of the century. The novel explores a fictionalized version of Eileen's working-class childhood and young adulthood as a lesbian in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The novel deals with themes of sexuality, gender, class, family, death, and addiction. 1294:
since the new millennium began, many lesbian presses have branched out to include the works of trans men and women, gay and bisexual voices, and other queer works not represented by the mainstream press. Additionally, novels with lesbian themes and characters have become more accepted in mainstream publishing.
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tells the story of two high school girls who fall in love. The novel, which has never been out of print, was a step forward for homosexuality in young adult literature. It was published in hardback and by a major press. In the book, homosexuality is seen as something permanent and to be explored, not
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As literature including lesbian characters and relationships has become more accepted in mainstream Western society, some writers and literary critics have questioned why there needs to be a separate category for lesbian literature at all. "I've never understood why straight fiction is supposed to be
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Most American literature of the 1930s, 40s, and early 50s presented lesbian life as tragedy, ending with either the suicide of the lesbian character or her conversion to heterosexuality. This was required so that the authorities did not declare the literature obscene. This would generally be achieved
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Lesbian literature includes works by lesbian authors, as well as lesbian-themed works by heterosexual authors. Even works by lesbian writers that do not deal with lesbian themes are still often considered lesbian literature. Works by heterosexual writers which treat lesbian themes only in passing, on
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during the brutal patriarchal Spanish colonial regime. Known as the mother of Philippine women's literature and a pioneer in Philippine lesbian literature, her poems, both written and oral, during her 35-year life brought about feminism in the archipelago which influenced many of the revolutionaries
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Throughout the 1970s, there was, on average, a single young adult title per year dealing with gay issues. Although many of these early books were well written—and well reviewed—gay characters were at best a sidekick or foil for the straight protagonist and at worst a victim who would face violence,
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in 1880), though they lacked sexual elements and possibilities of lesbian sexuality until the late 1960s, 70s, and 80s. It was then that more erotic and lesbian instances emerged in sci-fi stories, alongside women being outside of, or at war with, the patriarchy and heteronormativity. An example of
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that were originally published in periodicals of their time. Of these stories, which range "from the explicit to inferentially lesbian", Koppelman said, "I recognize these stories as stories about women loving women in the variety of romantic ways that we wouldn't even have to struggle to define if
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There are fewer books about female homosexuality than male homosexuality, and even fewer books on bisexuality are published. Despite the fact that availability of books with teen lesbian and bisexual themes has increased since the 1960s, books with non-white characters are still difficult to find.
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Certain works have established historical or artistic importance, and the world of lesbian fiction continues to grow and change as time goes on. Until recently, contemporary lesbian literature has been centered around several small, exclusively lesbian presses, as well as online fandoms. However,
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tells the story of the relationship between the innocent Laura and the vampire Carmilla, whose sucking of Laura's blood is clearly linked to an erotic attraction to Laura. This story has inspired many other works that take advantage of the trope of the lesbian vampire. It was also adapted into a
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in 1964. Several publishers turned it down beforehand however, with one telling Rule, "If this book isn't pornographic, what's the point of printing it?...if you can write in the dirty parts we'll take it but otherwise no". The novel was loosely adapted into the 1985 film
1978:. This autobiography was published with a note saying, "The publishers wish it expressly understood that this is a true story, the first of its kind ever offered to the general reading public". However, literary critics have since called the autobiography 'fictional'. 2200:
saw the development of a more politicized voice in lesbian literature and more mainstream acceptance of lesbian-themed literature that moved away from the 'tragic lesbian' theme that had dominated earlier works. A pioneering autobiographical novel of this era was the
1920:. Lowell wanted to dedicate her books to Dwyer who refused as they had to hide the nature of their relationship except for one time in a non-poetry book in which Lowell wrote, "To A.D.R., This, and all my books. A.L." Examples of these love poems to Dwyer include 2073:, considered the first lesbian novel with a happy ending, was groundbreaking for being the first where neither of the two women has a nervous breakdown, dies tragically, faces a lonely and desolate future, commits suicide, or returns to being with a male. The 2806:
The 1990s represented a turning point for young adult novels that explored lesbian issues, and since 2000, a flood of such books has reached the market. The public attitude towards lesbian themes in young adult literature has grown more accepting.
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injury, or death (fatal traffic accidents were commonplace). Young protagonists who worried that they might be gay would invariably conclude that their same-sex attraction was simply a temporary stage in the journey toward heterosexual adulthood.
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together. Bradley was Cooper's aunt, and the two lived together as lovers from the 1870s to their deaths in 1913 and 1914. Their poetry often took their love as its subject, and they also wrote a book of poems for their dog, Whym Chow.
2350:,” published in 1969, which portrayed an experimental and erotic world where “women outside of the matrix of heterosexuality would have the potential to become something entirely different than women defined in relationship to men.” 1716:, published in Montreal from 1918 to 1920. She later moved to the United States, where she continued her literary output by publishing, in 1923, the first volume of openly lesbian love poetry to be produced in that country, titled 1953:
and poets of the 1970s. Unfortunately, most of the primary document romantic letters of communication between the two were destroyed by Dwyer at Lowell's request, leaving much unknown about the details of their life together.
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had more crossover appeal and often became mid-list sellers in mainstream publishing houses; lesbian literature, depending on smaller presses, developed smaller but 'respectable' audiences. In the 1980s, with the advent of
2644:, the main character is a girl from the West Indies. The novel tells the story of her relationship with another girl. Other young adult novels with lesbian characters and themes that were published during this time include 2162:" she said, "to write a novel about a woman homosexual who is not a sex maniac, a drunkard, a drug-taker, or in any way repulsive, to portray a homosexual who is neither pitiable nor disgusting, without sentimentality ..." 7286: 7281: 6218: 1948:
that Dwyer was the subject of her series of romantic poems titled "Two Speak Together". Lowell's poems about Dwyer have been called the most explicit and elegant lesbian love poetry during the time between the ancient
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In Japan, there were several love suicides involving school girls in 1911 and it was in this context of greater awareness of female-female love that one of the most commercially successful female writers of the period
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Since the 1970s, scholars of lesbian literature have analyzed as lesbian relationships that would not have been labeled as such in the 19th century due to different conceptions of intimacy and sexuality. For example,
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In the past, most books portrayed gay people as "living isolated lives, out of context with the reality of an amazingly active community." Today, books also show gay characters not as stigmatized and separate.
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After an almost complete silence in the 1960s, lesbian literature in Germany grew quickly again as a result of the new lesbian movement in the 1970s and 1980s. Important early renowned voices were
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during World War II. The 1950 book sold 2 million copies in its first five years of publication. One notable female author of lesbian pulp fiction, who came out later in life as a lesbian, was
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Frequent themes in books published during the 1970s are that homosexuality is a "phase", or that there are no "happy endings" for gay people, and that they generally lead a difficult life.
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feared that writing openly about lesbianism would lead to a diminution of the previously established value of her work. "The fear of homosexuality is so great that it took courage to write
5695: 3856: 7316: 7256: 7298: 7251: 7513: 1712:, who was born in England and grew up in Quebec, Canada, co-edited, published, and contributed literary work to the first known North American lesbian/gay-themed periodical, 2549:(I Am You) by Elham Mansour, achieving best-seller status. This century has also brought more attention to African literary works and authors, such as Cameroonian novelist 5843: 1206: 971: 7339: 7311: 7051: 1277: 6233: 1426:, wrote love poems to women using the voice of a heterosexual man. Others wrote, but kept their writing secret. Beginning in 1806, English landowner and mountaineer 7448: 7261: 7143: 7138: 6812: 2560:
Meanwhile, English-language novels which include lesbian characters or relationships have continued to garner national awards and mainstream critical acclaim, like
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Though lesbian literature had not yet evolved as a distinct genre in English in the 19th century, lesbian writers like the essayist and supernatural fiction writer
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In the 1980s and 90s, lesbian literature diversified into genre literature, including fantasy, mystery, science fiction, romance, graphic novels, and young adult.
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became its own distinct category of fiction in the 1950s and 60s, although a significant number of authors of this genre were men using either a male or female
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kept extensive diaries for 34 years, which included details of her lesbian relationships and seductions, with the lesbian sections written in secret
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Diabate, Naminata; Ekotto, Frieda (January 2009). "From Women Loving Women in Africa to Jean Genet and Race: A Conversation with Frieda Ekotto".
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has been cited as a catalyst in the 1970s for an increase in inclusion of "taboo" topics in children's literature, which include homosexuality.
1868:, not only did lesbian social life flourish in Germany, especially in Berlin, but lesbian literature also emerged. Pioneering magazines such as 7547: 7217: 7166: 7128: 7123: 6934: 6631: 5591: 2353:
After the birth of an explicitly gay and lesbian literature in the 1970s, the following decades saw a tremendous rise in its production. While
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Nicole G Albert, "De la topographie invisible à l'espace public et littéraire :les lieux de plaisir lesbien dans le Paris de la Belle Époque".
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There had existed a popularity within the science fiction & fantasy genres the idea of all-women utopias since the 19th century (such as “
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might have been in love with her sister-in-law, Susan Gilbert, a possibility that encourages queer readings of Dickinson's many love poems.
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The Literature of Lesbianism: A Historical Anthology from Ariosto to Stonewall. Ed. Terry Castle. New York: Columbia University Press 2003.
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of the period, featured literary depictions of love and sexual desire between women. Such expressions are found in devotional texts to the
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Van Ausdall, Mimi Iimuro (Spring 2010). "Loving Her Without Class: The Politics of Feminist Love in Ann Allen Shockley's Lesbian Novel".
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Blanton, S. (2016). A Threshold of Flowers: Public and Private Eroticism in the Poems of Leona Florentino. University of North Carolina.
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The influence of late 20th century feminism and greater acceptance of LGBT work was felt in Mexico, with the emergence of lesbian poets
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Grossberg, Benjamin Scott (10 July 2001). "Making Christabel: Sexual Transgression and Its Implications in Coleridge's 'Christabel'".
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Certain canonical male authors of the 19th century also incorporated lesbian themes into their work. At the beginning of the century,
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One of the oldest Japanese stories involving a romance and implied sexual relations between women appears to be the 6th volume of
7498: 7183: 6929: 5847: 4141: 2947: 2865: 2835: 415: 6560: 7493: 7344: 7023: 6970: 4306: 2919: 737: 485: 5932: 5359: 7573: 7503: 6856: 6761: 6462: 6378: 5330: 5240: 5175: 4885: 4827: 3334: 2904: 2758:, about a boy with a lesbian sister, which was well received by the public. Other books published during this decade include 2618: 1531: 961: 520: 445: 425: 390: 6600:
Asian Gay Literature: An Annotated Bibliography of Modern LGBTQ Works of Literary Fiction and Biography, Arranged by Country
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Kim Emery, The Lesbian Index: Pragmatism and Lesbian Subjectivity in the Twentieth-Century United States, SUNY Press, 2002
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Contemporary Japanese Women's Theatre and Visual Arts: Performing Girls' Aesthetics (Contemporary Performance InterActions)
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Suzuki, Michiko (2006). "Writing Same-Sex Love: Sexology and Literary Representation in Yoshiya Nobuko's Early Fiction".
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Josh Sides, "Erotic City: Sexual Revolutions and the Making of Modern San Francisco", Oxford University Press US, 2009,
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has been cited as a catalyst for the inclusion of 'taboo' subjects, including homosexuality, in children's and YA books.
1460: 1163: 505: 370: 5260: 2730:. The protagonist often finds herself falling in love with girls in her class, neighborhood, and general surroundings. 7568: 7397: 7018: 6751: 6715: 6184: 6108: 5413: 3062: 1703: 1133: 595: 470: 278: 4134:
Amer, Sahar (2008). "1. Crossing Disciplinary Boundaries: A Cross-Cultural Approach to Same-Sex Love Between Women".
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were censored because they contained explicit lesbian passages. The deleted passages were published in the 1960s as
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In the 21st century, lesbian literature has emerged as a genre in Arabic speaking countries, with some novels, like
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Prolific lesbian poet and novelist Eileen Myles recounts their life and artistic growth in New York and Marfa
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Sexuality and the Gothic Magic Lantern: Desire, Eroticism and Literary Visibilities from Byron to Bram Stoker
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contains an alternative universe inhabited solely by lesbians. The 1970s also saw the advent of feminist and
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is widely considered to be one of the first, if not the first, published pieces of black lesbian literature.
6939: 6890: 6072:"'Targeted' young adult fiction: the need for literature speaking to gay/lesbian and African-American youth" 4579: 4050: 3942: 3851: 3148: 3097: 2572: 1608: 1551: 891: 258: 4990: 3112: 2319:"Isabel Miller" in 1971, examined the historical confines of a romance between two 19th century women in a 6920: 6542: 6180: 6104: 5754:"The Lesbian Subjectivity in Contemporary Arabic Literature: 'An Absent Presence' Disciplined by the Gaze" 5097: 3156: 2816: 2782:(1998) by Bett Williams (who intended the novel for an adult audience though it was popular among teens), 2623:
Others have stressed the continuing need for LGBT-themed literature, especially for younger LGBT readers.
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for everyone, but anything with a gay character or that includes gay experience is only for queers," said
2381: 1974:, published the first explicitly lesbian autobiography in which two women end up happily together, titled 1902: 1898: 1881: 1676: 1662: 1527: 1061: 981: 38: 30: 4574: 3026:. Established in 2001, Bella Books acquired the Naiad Press backlist, including the majority of works by 2869:, which describes the coming-of-age of a teenage daughter of Chinese immigrants in 1950's San Francisco. 6991: 6669: 6650: 6617: 6609: 5322: 4790:"How Virginia Woolf's Orlando Subverted Censorship and Revolutionized the Politics of LGBT Love in 1928" 4527: 3558: 3223: 2852: 2375: 2359: 2293: 2098: 2015: 1945: 1724: 1348: 921: 821: 811: 545: 430: 323: 5139: 4266: 3128: 3042: 2347: 687: 3870:(historically, the term "gay literature" was often used to cover both gay male and lesbian literature) 2444: 1530:
was the pseudonym used by two British women, Katherine Bradley and Edith Cooper, who wrote poetry and
7424: 6965: 6895: 6679: 6674: 5975: 4968: 4743:"Performing Gender along the Lesbian Continuum: The Politics of Sexual Identity in the Seit∂ Society" 3841: 3742: 3543: 3538: 3124: 3015: 2448: 2338: 2197: 2045: 2032: 2020: 1853: 1336: 1148: 1113: 615: 410: 183: 6576: 5722:"The Historical Context and Reception of the First Arabic-Lesbian Novel, I Am You, by Elham Mansour" 7028: 6955: 6689: 5295: 5268: 4426: 3881: 3861: 3628: 3400: 3254: 3242: 3108: 3089: 3070: 3054: 2999: 2592: 2436: 2425: 2137: 2132: 1858: 1514: 1498: 625: 570: 460: 268: 3914:: " was for many years the only lesbian novel, in either hard or soft cover, with a happy ending." 5825: 5790: 5636: 5464: 5456: 5390: 4762: 4723: 4672: 4487: 4116: 4008: 3797: 3787: 3722: 3623: 3446: 3388: 3339: 3327: 3185: 3116: 3085: 2775: 2649: 2613: 2587: 2516: 2511: 2421: 2307: 2254: 2220: 2078: 2070: 2027:
Lesbian fiction in English saw a huge explosion in interest with the advent of the dime-store or
1986: 1967: 1894: 1477: 1249: 911: 620: 510: 293: 128: 4937: 3563: 3359: 2940: 881: 2362:, a few lesbian literary magazines began to specialize in more explicitly erotic work, such as 2229:. In the 1970s, the voices of American lesbians of color began to be heard, including works by 7271: 6807: 6720: 6488: 6458: 6435: 6412: 6374: 6347: 6311: 6243: 6008: 6005:
School Library Research SLR; Research Journal of the American Association of School Librarians
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Naomi Hetherington, Nadia Valman, Amy Levy: Critical Essays Ohio University Press, Apr 6, 2010
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Sapphic Primitivism: Productions of Race, Class, and Sexuality in Key Works of Modern Fiction
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in 1953. The paperback editions sold almost 1 million copies. In 1990, it was republished by
6834: 6817: 5817: 5761: 5596: 5542: 5448: 4905: 4707: 4471: 4183: 4135: 4108: 3968: 3533: 3312: 3300: 3266: 3034:. Their catalogue includes over 300 titles of lesbian romance, lesbian mystery and erotica. 3003: 2787: 2694: 2562: 2238: 2207: 1971: 1962:, a lesbian autobiography with an unhappy ending, was published in 1930 under the pseudonym 1699: 1691: 1671: 1645: 1509: 1407: 1332: 1287: 1158: 1153: 1031: 727: 697: 650: 610: 465: 343: 288: 233: 208: 108: 71: 3131:, and Ylva Publishing. Some women's feminist presses also produce lesbian fiction, such as 1311:
lacked a specific term for lesbians, but medieval French texts, under the influence of the
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was able to break out of the pulp fiction category when it was published as a hardback by
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became known for subject matter that was considered scandalous, including lesbianism and
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Mabanglo, R. E. (2020). Leona Florentino: Mother of Filipina poetry. Philippine Graphic.
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Percorsi in Civiltà dell'Asia e dell'Africa I: Quaderni di studi dottorali alla Sapienza
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by placing the death or conversion in the last chapter or even paragraph. For example,
1909:(The Scorpion) was even translated into English, achieved some fame as lesbian voices. 1848: 1802: 1774: 1762: 1750: 1732: 1681: 1649: 1596: 1588: 1485: 1435: 1324: 1261: 1245:, encompassing works that feature love between women that are not necessarily lesbian. 1138: 991: 861: 707: 645: 440: 338: 313: 308: 238: 223: 198: 158: 123: 6506: 4355:
Two Friends and Other 19th-century American Lesbian Stories: by American Women Writers
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Two Friends and Other 19th-century American Lesbian Stories: by American Women Writers
1434:. The diaries were not published until the 1980s. In 2010, they were the basis for a 7562: 6986: 6822: 6582: 5829: 5794: 5468: 4727: 4379: 3727: 3692: 3583: 3523: 3288: 3281: 3259: 3038: 3019: 2554: 2550: 2521: 2467: 2456: 2389: 2370: 2312: 2298: 2234: 2216: 2177:
1970 to the present: Second wave feminism, mainstream acceptance, and diversification
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Daniele Durante (2021). "Cross-Gender Female Same-Sex Love as Women's Solidarity in
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combined lesbian eroticism with artistic and sociopolitical concerns in their work.
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Twenty-first century writer and editor Susan Koppelman compiled an anthology titled
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During this decade the number of lesbian-themed young adult novels published rose.
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Guardi, Jolanda (2014). "Female Homosexuality in Contemporary Arabic Literature".
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centered on literary salons hosted by French lesbians as well as expatriates like
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The first lesbian publisher devoted to publishing lesbian and feminist books was
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glbtq: An Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Culture
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and many other books. The press closed in 2003 after 31 years. Naiad co-founder
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also spent time in Paris at Barney's salon and modeled one of her characters in
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Black Like Us: A Century of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual African American Fiction
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Kenneth Rexroth, Women Poets of China, New Directions Publishing, 1972, p. 135
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wrote the first published collection of essays by an African-American lesbian,
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The Literature of Lesbianism: A Historical Anthology from Ariosto to Stonewall
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The Literature of Lesbianism: A Historical Anthology from Ariosto to Stonewall
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Mason, Janet. "The American Sappho: In Pursuit of a Lesbian Emily Dickinson".
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Crossing Borders: Love Between Women in Medieval French and Arabic Literatures
3813: 3712: 3613: 3588: 3483: 3463: 3235: 3201: 3074: 3066: 2718: 2682: 2662: 2302: 2259: 2202: 2155: 2074: 2054: 1913: 1851:'s 1928 novel of a high-spirited gender-bending poet who lives for centuries, 1419: 1223: 1093: 1088: 1051: 1041: 630: 303: 6492: 6315: 6012: 5192: 4774: 4758: 4719: 4602: 4004: 3890:(includes lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender themed speculative fiction) 6510: 3697: 3676: 3349: 3247: 3168: 3027: 2844: 2751: 2127: 2094: 2082: 1737: 1571: 1340: 525: 243: 178: 173: 4483: 4327:"BBC Two announces brand new drama: The Secret Diaries Of Miss Anne Lister" 4187: 2431: 2023:, was the first national lesbian periodical published in the United States. 2006:
by Vin Packer (Marijane Meaker 1952), was popular during the 1950s and 60s.
1402:
gained popularity for her lesbian love poems. Her songs, according to poet
5766: 5753: 4475: 1652:
hosted an early 20th century Parisian salon frequented by lesbian writers.
6885: 6041: 4630:"How the American Sappho Published the First Book of Lesbian Love Poetry" 4311: 4270: 3973: 3573: 2641: 2487: 2394: 2316: 2186: 2036: 1966:. It was one of the first lesbian autobiographies. Yet as early as 1939, 1841: 1758: 1603: 1423: 1328: 6135: 5460: 5452: 4766: 4742: 4012: 2181: 1422:
sometimes hinted at lesbian subtexts in their work or, like Lee's lover
1387: 4120: 3762: 2907: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2848: 2727: 2483: 2420:, Magaly Alabau, Mercedes Roffe, and others. In Argentina and Uruguay, 1876: 1617: 1599: 1497:
Additionally, scholars have engaged in queer readings of the novels of
1399: 1257: 1227: 375: 365: 51: 6554: 6132:"Tacoma writer's gay-theme teen novel offers insights to young adults" 3104:
specialized in LGBT authors and published a number of lesbian titles.
6844: 3911: 3707: 2707: 2530: 2334: 2165:
The first English contemporary novelist to come out as a lesbian was
1950: 1735:, who produced lesbian-themed works in French and English, including 1575: 213: 46: 42: 4112: 1595:
One of the more explicitly lesbian works of the 19th century is the
1538: 1520:
Scholars have similarly speculated on whether the 19th-century poet
6338:
Carbado, Devon W.; McBride, Dwight A.; Weise, Donald, eds. (2011).
5510:
Theorizing Black Feminisms: The Visionary Pragmatism of Black Women
2524:
are all novels that explore lesbian love in Japan. Indian novelist
2342:
this growth in the women-utopia subgenre is French feminist writer
1517:
called the letters between the two "love letters pure and simple."
1248:
Fiction that falls into this category may be of any genre, such as
6640: 6548: 5485:
Encyclopedia of Contemporary LGBTQ Literature of the United States
5048:. OutHistory (September 26, 2010). Retrieved on November 30, 2010. 3967:(master's thesis). Western Norway University of Applied Sciences. 3080:
As of 2023, the current largest publishers of lesbian fiction are
3041:(which was sold and now is part of the Bella Books organization), 2824:
in its list of the top 100 most influential books of the century.
2714:
following a controversy after it was donated to a school library.
2482:
have written about lesbian relationships, as have Chinese writers
2380: 2278: 1839:, written in serial format between 1928 and 1930 for the magazine 1537: 1386: 575: 29: 6160:. National Coalition Against Censorship. May 1996. Archived from 3022:
handed off her books and operation to a newly established press,
6839: 6539:
at Wicked Publishing (includes lesbian literature, founded 2016)
6521: 1890:
stands out among the dozens of authors who wrote for magazines.
1578:
of Lesbos and dealing explicitly with lesbian content. Finally,
1431: 6613: 6515: 1861:, was re-examined in the 1970s as a 'subversive' lesbian text. 1283:
the other hand, are not often regarded as lesbian literature.
6527: 5561:
The Cambridge Companion to American Gay and Lesbian Literature
3965:
Sapphic Representations in Contemporary Young Adult Literature
3010:, followed, which published the seminal lesbian romance novel 2876: 4575:"Banned Books Week: The Well of Loneliness by Radclyffe Hall" 4182:. Rome, Italy: Sapienza Università Editrice. pp. 37–55. 2089:
in 1952 under the pseudonym "Claire Morgan", followed by the
5069:"Reality Is a Drag: I'd Rather Live In Lesbian Pulp Fiction" 3991:(1979). "On the Sapphic Motif in Modern French Literature". 1912:
Other examples of 1920s lesbian literature include poems by
1379:) which was created between 1259 and 1278 (author unknown). 1286:
The fundamental work of lesbian literature is the poetry of
5592:"Lambda Literary Foundation marks 25 years of LGBT writers" 4880:. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. p. 62. 3107:
Smaller publishers of exclusively lesbian fiction include
6524:
at Sapphire Books (lesbian books publisher, founded 2010)
2843:, tells the story of a 12-year-old girl who is sent to a 2439:
has written about the eroticism of lesbian relationships.
6551:
at The Lesbian Review (book reviews and recommendations)
6518:
at Bywater Books (lesbian books publisher, founded 2004)
6390:"How Irish lesbian writing has developed over centuries" 5345:
Stockinger, Jacob (4 February 2006). "Leduc, Violette".
2368:, a satirical reference to the feminist 1970s magazine, 1793:. In her later work “Two Virgins in the Attic” (1919) ( 1472:
we were talking about men and women loving each other."
6304:"Barbara Grier, Publisher of Lesbian Books, Dies at 78" 4874:
Bradshaw, Melissa; Munich, Adrienne (9 February 2004).
3857:
List of poets portraying sexual relations between women
2043:
is credited with writing the first lesbian pulp novel,
6219:"The Best Novel About a "De-Gaying Camp" Ever Written" 5619:
Encyclopedia of Lesbian and Gay Histories and Cultures
5415:
A Study Guide for Rita Mae Brown's "Ruby Fruit Jungle"
1626:
YouTube webseries of the same name beginning in 2014.
5039:
Diana Frederics: Diana, A Strange Autobiography, 1939
1636:
American lesbian literature in the early 20th century
2750:, and received positive sales and reviews. In 1994, 2101:
under Highmith's own name with the title changed to
7481: 7433: 7390: 7359: 7244: 7235: 7154: 7044: 7037: 6979: 6948: 6919: 6865: 6792: 6785: 6739: 6703: 6657: 5539:
The Cambridge Companion to American Science Fiction
3864:(includes lesbian, gay and heterosexual encounters) 2198:
feminist movement in the late 1960s and early 1970s
1723:In the early 20th century, an increasingly visible 6597: 6362: 5899: 5384: 5382: 4414:Dead Secrets: Wilkie Collins and the Female Gothic 4399: 4397: 4395: 4307:"The life and loves of Shibden Hall's Anne Lister" 4099:(December 1994). "The Backlash and the Backlist". 1805:published works with same-sex love between women: 6007:. American Library Association. August 24, 2012. 5844:"A Look at LGBT Literature in sub-Saharan Africa" 5034: 5032: 4173:". In Casalin, Federica; Miranda, Marina (eds.). 2726:tells the story of a young girl coming of age in 1238:about lesbian-interest topics. A similar term is 5157: 5155: 4452:Donoghue, Emma. We Are Michael Field. Bello 2014 2742:published two novels with lesbian protagonists, 2192:wrote several books from the 1970s to the 1990s. 1278:List of lesbian periodicals in the United States 5696:"(Japanese) Lesbian Literature Recommendations" 5532:"Feminist and Queer Science Fiction in America" 5364:Xtra.ca (Toronto). Retrieved November 29, 2007. 4520:"'Carmilla': From web series to film, a review" 2675: 2305:were important poets and essayists of the era. 55:the connotation of erotic desire between women. 5677:. Encyclopedia of Contemporary Chinese Culture 5661:Encyclopedia of Lesbian Histories and Cultures 4747:U.S.-Japan Women's Journal. English Supplement 3069:, which became part of the mainstream company 6641:Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer 6625: 6405:The Cambridge Companion to Lesbian Literature 6232:Woolls, Blanche; Loertsche, David V. (2005). 5810:Journal of the African Literature Association 2863:One exception is the 2021 young adult novel, 1694:, albeit heterosexual. In the United States, 1200: 8: 5360:"Jane Rule: The woman behind Lesbian Images" 4603:"Publishing Elsa: Will Ransom's Grey Thread" 4416:. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1992 3939:Oxford Reference: A Dictionary of Psychology 2388:, who has been praised for her cartoons and 1833:included a lesbian love affair in the novel 6428:Historical Dictionary of Lesbian Literature 6177:"One Hundred Books that Shaped the Century" 6065: 6063: 6061: 6059: 5871:Historical Dictionary of Lesbian Literature 5563:, Cambridge University Press, May 26, 2015 5112:Historical Dictionary of Lesbian Literature 5098:History Detectives . Investigations – Diana 4213:Historical Dictionary of Lesbian Literature 2124:and made into the 1968 film of same title. 2049:, a fictionalized story about women in the 1857:, which was said to be based on her lover, 7241: 7041: 6789: 6632: 6618: 6610: 5727:. Brunel University London. Archived from 5093: 5091: 4822:. Columbia University Press. p. 649. 4358:(1st ed.). New York: Meridian Books. 4284:"Violet Paget Archives – The Paris Review" 3636:; also published under the pseudonyms of: 2173:explored the subcultures of lesbian bars. 1690:, which also had a theme of transgressive 1207: 1193: 942:Azalea: A Magazine by Third World Lesbians 672: 406:Connexxus Women's Center/Centro de Mujeres 58: 27:Subgenre of literature with lesbian themes 7473:History of homosexuality in American film 6451:The Penguin Book of Lesbian Short Stories 5765: 5289:Highsmith, Patricia (November 11, 2015). 5010:"Amy Lowell wasn't writing about flowers" 3972: 3837:Lambda Literary Award for Lesbian Fiction 2967:Learn how and when to remove this message 1970:, an educator and a teacher of French at 1666:faced censorship in the U.S. and Britain. 1554:published his unfinished narrative poem " 972:Amazones d'Hier, Lesbiennes d'Aujourd'hui 4967:. University of Illinois. Archived from 2986:published a lesbian detective series by 2978: 2657: 2616:, author of the best-selling 1985 novel 2455:, while the most influential works were 2430: 2180: 2160:Mrs. Stevens Hears the Mermaids Singing, 2009: 1997: 1674:recognised as having a lesbian theme is 1655: 1644: 1398:In the early 19th century, Chinese poet 1144:Paris Lesbian and Feminist Film Festival 6481:Sexual Awakenings in Lesbian Literature 5418:. Gale Cengage Learning. 12 July 2016. 5254: 5252: 5191:Smallwood, Christine (August 9, 2005). 4910:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. 4899: 4897: 4843: 4841: 4839: 4609:. American Printing History Association 3926: 3900: 3888:List of LGBT-themed speculative fiction 2215:, which became a national best-seller. 2152:Mrs. Stevens Hears the Mermaids Singing 1761:, poetry, and several works by Stein. 1406:, were "sung all over China". In 1849, 790: 675: 601:Lesbians in the Spanish Second Republic 70: 6557:(lesbian stories and reviews platform) 6217:Sittenfeld, Curtis (8 February 2012). 6099:Jenkins, Christine A. (June 1, 2003). 6094: 6092: 5966:Winterson, Jeanette (March 21, 1985). 5166:(3rd ed.). Tallahassee, Florida: 5014:The Gay & Lesbian Review Worldwide 4942:The Gay & Lesbian Review Worldwide 4857:The Gay & Lesbian Review Worldwide 4573:Machlin, Sherri (September 26, 2013). 4547:"Lesbian novel was 'danger to nation'" 4508:. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan 2014 2077:was rejected by Highsmith's publisher 1441:The Secret Diaries of Miss Anne Lister 6034:"ELLEN INTERVIEWS SANDRA SCOPPETTONE" 5621:, Taylor & Francis, Sept. 2, 2003 4076:Gay Life and Culture: A World History 2833:A popular young adult novel of 2012, 2710:, a minister led a public burning of 2112:In the 1950s, parts of French author 2019:magazine (1956–1972), founded by the 1994:1950 to 1970: Pulp fiction and beyond 7: 6388:Charczun, Anna (December 28, 2021). 6158:"Books in Trouble: Annie on My Mind" 5530:Lothian, Alexis (February 5, 2015). 4441:Harrington Lesbian Fiction Quarterly 2905:adding citations to reliable sources 5752:Al-Ghafari, Iman (1 January 1970). 5617:George Haggerty, Bonnie Zimmerman, 3963:Nygård, Ida Sofie Sverkeli (2021). 3679:(who also publishes as L. L. Raand) 2249:. One of the foundational texts of 1916:about her partner of over a decade 1234:addressing lesbian characters, and 1230:themes. It includes poetry, plays, 6569:, 1999, vol. 2, pp. 852–856, 6130:Goodnow, Cecelia (April 7, 2003). 5931:Savage, Guy (September 30, 2006). 5663:, Routledge, Aug 21, 2013, p. 439 5482:Nelson, Emmanuel S. (2009-07-14). 5008:Hamer, Diane Ellen (1 July 2004). 4848:Karami, Siham (July–August 2016). 4816:Castle, Terry (13 December 2005). 4518:Pfeiffer, Dean (8 November 2017). 3874:LGBT themes in speculative fiction 1415:before the Philippine revolution. 768:Boots of Leather, Slippers of Gold 758:The Straight Mind and Other Essays 456:Leeds Revolutionary Feminist Group 25: 6565:by Penelope J. Engelbrecht, from 6235:The Whole School Library Handbook 5259:Rich, Frank (November 18, 2015). 5225:Highsmith: A Romance of the 1950s 4936:Hamer, Diane (30 December 2013). 4788:Popova, Maria (11 October 2013). 4601:Rumble, Walker (March 21, 2016). 4352:Koppelman, Susan H., ed. (1994). 1377:The Princess in Search of Herself 778:Your Silence Will Not Protect You 386:Atlanta Lesbian Feminist Alliance 7543: 7542: 7531: 7499:Non-binary characters in fiction 6930:List of transgender publications 6449:Reynolds, Margaret, ed. (1994). 5968:"Oranges Are Not The Only Fruit" 5590:Dewey, Charlsie (May 28, 2013). 5067:Fonseca, Sarah (March 1, 2019). 4904:Rollyson, Carl (8 August 2013). 4804:Virginia Woolf: Lesbian Readings 4545:Smith, David (January 1, 2005). 4267:Writing Lesbian, Lesbian writing 4142:University of Pennsylvania Press 3816: 3472:Notable authors (alphabetically) 2881: 2866:Last Night at the Telegraph Club 2836:The Miseducation of Cameron Post 2474:In Asia, Singaporean playwright 1176: 416:Daughters of Bilitis (Australia) 78: 7494:Media portrayal of pansexuality 6971:Media portrayals of bisexuality 5389:Bindel, Julie (7 August 2008). 5100:. PBS. Retrieved on 2010-11-30. 4055:Sex Variant Women in Literature 3037:Other early publishers include 2892:needs additional citations for 2297:which published lesbian works. 1124:Michigan Womyn's Music Festival 738:Zami: A New Spelling of My Name 486:Lesbian Organization of Toronto 7504:Intersex characters in fiction 5846:. 6 April 2012. Archived from 5822:10.1080/21674736.2009.11690138 5635:. Charleston, South Carolina: 4938:"The Love Songs of Amy Lowell" 4628:Troy, Gil (December 9, 2017). 3335:Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit 2619:Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit 2411:Black Lesbian in White America 2285:, and literary magazines like 2105:(the novel was adapted as the 1976:Diana: A Strange Autobiography 1934:Madonna of the Evening Flowers 962:Onyx: Black Lesbian Newsletter 521:Sisters for Homophile Equality 446:June L. Mazer Lesbian Archives 426:First Black Lesbian Conference 391:Bi-National Lesbian Conference 1: 7489:Media portrayal of asexuality 6532:Golden Crown Literary Society 4850:"In the Manner of Amy Lowell" 4074:Aldrich, Robert, ed. (2006). 3884:, and transgender literature) 2772:The House You Pass On the Way 1698:survived legal challenges in 1570:, which contained the poems " 491:Lesbians Against Pit Closures 6685:Blue Metropolis Violet Prize 6567:Women's Studies Encyclopedia 6545:at Bee Cliff Press (archive) 6302:Vitello, Paul (2011-11-14). 6240:American Library Association 5633:Gay and Lesbian Philadelphia 5547:10.1017/CCO9781107280601.008 5317:Highsmith, Patricia (1990). 4907:Amy Lowell Anew: A Biography 4699:The Journal of Asian Studies 4078:, Thames & Hudson, Ltd. 4030:. Rutgers University Press. 3231:The Beebo Brinker Chronicles 2413:, published by Naiad Press. 1660:Radclyffe Hall's 1928 novel 1574:" and "Sapphics" concerning 1546:, by Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu 1461:Mary Eleanor Wilkins Freeman 1451:, which includes stories by 1331:, or the writings of female 1303:Medieval Christian mysticism 371:Amazon Bookstore Cooperative 6361:Castle, Terry, ed. (2003). 5898:Parkhurst, Carolyn (2007). 5140:"The Madness of Queen Jane" 4961:"About Amy Lowell's Poetry" 4877:Amy Lowell, American Modern 4751:University of Hawaiʻi Press 4427:"Was Charlotte Brontë Gay?" 4101:The Women's Review of Books 3006:by Rita Mae Brown in 1973. 2646:Happy Endings Are All Alike 2374:. The 1988 founding of the 2281:publishing houses, such as 2002:Lesbian pulp fiction, like 1365:Waga mi ni tadoru himegimi| 1134:Mountain Moving Coffeehouse 596:Lesbians in Francoist Spain 471:Lesbian Feminist Liberation 279:Del Martin and Phyllis Lyon 90:Women's liberation movement 7590: 6949:Other literature and media 6606:(contains lesbian writers) 6409:Cambridge University Press 6288:Bullough, Vern L. (2003). 5941:MostlyFiction Book Reviews 5675:"lesbianism in literature" 5673:Leng Lin Leung Ping-kwan. 4443:, 3(3), Sept. 2002, p. 91. 3412:Garis Tepi Seorang Lesbian 3146: 2762:(1996) by Stacey Donovan, 2150:When publishing her novel 1725:lesbian community in Paris 1633: 1560:Algernon Charles Swinburne 1453:Constance Fenimore Woolson 1275: 1012:Journal of Lesbian Studies 952:Common Lives/Lesbian Lives 842:The Woman-Identified Woman 556:Compulsory heterosexuality 496:Lincoln Legion of Lesbians 481:Lesbian Movement (Denmark) 396:Chicago Lesbian Liberation 7526: 7514:cross-dressing characters 7509:Gay characters in fiction 7307: 7262:Children's TV programming 6695:Gaylactic Spectrum Awards 6648: 6578:The Lesbian in Literature 6426:Miller, Meredith (2006). 6403:Medd, Jodie, ed. (2015). 6371:Columbia University Press 6175:Staff (January 1, 2000). 5869:Miller, Meredith (2006). 5488:. ABC-CLIO. p. 203. 5393:– via The Guardian. 5391:"A literature of our own" 5219:Meaker, Marijane (2003). 5164:The Lesbian in Literature 5110:Miller, Meredith (2006). 4922:Preface reprinted at the 4712:10.1017/S0021911806001148 4211:Miller, Meredith (2006). 3121:Sapphire Books Publishing 1826: 1814: 1798: 1786: 1383:19th century: forerunners 1372: 1164:Women's Week Provincetown 506:Oregon Women's Land Trust 476:Lesbian Herstory Archives 401:Combahee River Collective 6711:Gaylaxicon SF convention 6604:(3rd ed.). Banshan. 6555:Lesbians Over Everything 6485:Clayton State University 4997:. Georgetown University. 4991:"Amy Lowell (1874-1925)" 4806:, NYU Press, Jul 1, 1997 4464:Journal of Homosexuality 3993:Dalhousie French Studies 3832:Black lesbian literature 3219:Chocolates for Breakfast 2331:Charlotte Perkins Gilman 2251:black lesbian literature 1905:, whose lesbian trilogy 1714:Les Mouches fantastiques 1566:. In 1866, he published 581:Gender-critical feminism 6891:List of lesbian fiction 6479:Frang, Sabrina (2013). 5162:Grier, Barbara (1981). 4671:. London, England, UK: 4580:New York Public Library 4333:. BBC. 11 November 2009 4026:Hackett, Robin (2004). 3943:Oxford University Press 3852:List of lesbian fiction 3366:Along the Journey River 3149:List of lesbian fiction 3098:Regal Crest Enterprises 3094:Flashpoint Publications 2573:Bastard out of Carolina 1893:Separately, writers as 1687:Lady Chatterley's Lover 1670:The first novel in the 1609:Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu 1552:Samuel Taylor Coleridge 892:Lesbian Feminist Circle 436:Gay Women's Alternative 259:Melanie Kaye/Kantrowitz 7052:Modern written fiction 6921:Transgender literature 6453:. New York, New York: 6292:. Haworth, 2003 (262). 6268:Lesbian Poetry Archive 6181:School Library Journal 6105:School Library Journal 5631:Nickels, Thom (2002). 5044:July 27, 2011, at the 4995:faculty.georgetown.edu 4188:10.13133/9788893771993 4167:Torikaebaya monogatari 3212:Françoise Mallet-Joris 3157:The Well of Loneliness 2991: 2817:School Library Journal 2780:Girl Walking Backwards 2680: 2671:School Library Journal 2666: 2440: 2399: 2315:, published under the 2193: 2154:in 1965, the novelist 2024: 2007: 1903:Anna Elisabet Weirauch 1899:Ruth Margarete Roellig 1767:The Well of Loneliness 1696:The Well of Loneliness 1677:The Well of Loneliness 1667: 1663:The Well of Loneliness 1653: 1641:1900–1950: Beginnings 1547: 1395: 1062:Hannah Gadsby: Nanette 982:Dykes to Watch Out For 56: 39:Amanda Brewster Sewell 7574:History of literature 6670:Lambda Literary Award 6596:Spence, Alex (2024). 5972:jeanettewinterson.com 5767:10.32380/alrj.v0i0.89 5374:Journal of a Solitude 5323:Bloomsbury Publishing 4665:Anan, Nobuko (2016). 4476:10.1300/J082v41n02_08 4269:(Cruz, Jhoanna Lynn, 4219:. pp. 151, 218. 3559:Alicia Gaspar de Alba 3224:Pamela Moore (author) 3113:Intaglio Publications 3030:and all the works of 2982: 2853:principal photography 2792:Dare Truth or Promise 2661: 2478:and Taiwanese writer 2434: 2384: 2376:Lambda Literary Award 2360:sex-positive feminism 2263:. Published in 1974, 2185:Lesbian feminist and 2184: 2093:lesbian pulp fiction 2079:Harper & Brothers 2013: 2001: 1946:John Livingston Lowes 1944:. Lowell admitted to 1659: 1648: 1542:An illustration from 1541: 1390: 1349:Mechtild of Magdeburg 431:The Furies Collective 324:Margaret Sloan-Hunter 33: 6966:Bisexual pornography 6680:Bisexual Book Awards 6675:Stonewall Book Award 6242:. pp. 109–112. 5947:on September 5, 2015 5933:"Carolyn Parkhurst: 5118:. pp. 51, 110. 4965:english.illinois.edu 4741:Wu, Peichen (2002). 4051:Foster, Jeannette H. 3842:Lesbian pulp fiction 3743:tatiana de la tierra 3539:Katherine V. Forrest 3255:Patience & Sarah 3208:Rempart des Béguines 3016:Katherine V. Forrest 2916:"Lesbian literature" 2901:improve this article 2764:The Necessary Hunger 2756:Deliver Us From Evie 2553:and Ghanaian writer 2122:Therese and Isabelle 2033:Lesbian pulp fiction 2021:Daughters of Bilitis 1337:Hildegarde of Bingen 1114:Lesbian pulp fiction 616:Political lesbianism 411:Daughters of Bilitis 7029:Single-gender world 7007:Speculative fiction 6690:Dayne Ogilvie Prize 6585:, 1981, (3rd ed.), 6187:on October 23, 2007 6111:on October 23, 2007 5512:, Routledge, 1993, 5508:Busia, Abena P. A. 5453:10.1353/nwsa.0.0116 5441:Feminist Formations 5296:The Daily Telegraph 4989:Faderman, Lillian. 4959:Faderman, Lillian. 3910:stated in her 2003 3876:(includes lesbian, 3862:Bisexual literature 3629:Ann-Marie MacDonald 3243:Desert of the Heart 3055:Kitchen Table Press 3000:Plainfield, Vermont 2744:Lark in the Morning 2627:Young adult fiction 2494:by Aska Mochizuki, 2437:Cristina Peri Rossi 2426:Cristina Peri Rossi 2133:Desert of the Heart 1859:Vita Sackville-West 1831:Jun'ichirō Tanizaki 1515:Vita Sackville-West 1183:Feminism portal 882:Dykes & Gorgons 626:Separatist feminism 571:Feminist separatism 461:Lesbian Art Project 7569:Lesbian literature 6867:Lesbian literature 6726:Saints and Sinners 6562:Lesbian Literature 6528:Lesbian Literature 6522:Lesbian Literature 6516:Lesbian Literature 6507:Lesbian Literature 6308:The New York Times 6221:– via Slate. 5978:on August 31, 2013 5659:Bonnie Zimmerman, 5637:Arcadia Publishing 5376:, 1973, pp. 90-91. 5193:"Sapphic soldiers" 5024:thefreelibrary.com 4673:Palgrave Macmillan 4315:, BBC, 25 May 2010 3798:Jacqueline Woodson 3788:Jeanette Winterson 3723:Sandra Scoppettone 3389:Tipping the Velvet 3356:Send My Roots Rain 3340:Jeanette Winterson 3186:Patricia Highsmith 3117:Launch Point Press 3086:Bold Strokes Books 3077:at Spinsters Ink. 3002:, which published 2992: 2776:Jacqueline Woodson 2667: 2650:Sandra Scoppettone 2614:Jeanette Winterson 2588:Michael Cunningham 2512:Junichiro Tanizaki 2497:Beauty and Sadness 2441: 2422:Alejandra Pizarnik 2400: 2308:Patience and Sarah 2255:Ann Allen Shockley 2221:lesbian separatism 2194: 2169:, whose 1966 book 2071:Patricia Highsmith 2057:, who created the 2051:Free French Forces 2025: 2008: 1987:Two Serious Ladies 1968:Frances V. Rummell 1895:Maximiliane Ackers 1704:U.S. Customs Court 1668: 1654: 1548: 1491:The Woman in White 1478:Christina Rossetti 1396: 1359:13th century Japan 1250:historical fiction 1220:Lesbian literature 1109:Lesbian literature 912:Lesbian Connection 621:Radical lesbianism 511:Salsa Soul Sisters 294:Ruth Mountaingrove 129:Evelyn Torton Beck 57: 18:Sapphic literature 7556: 7555: 7522: 7521: 7444:Western animation 7403:directed by women 7355: 7354: 7267:Radio and podcast 7231: 7230: 6731:Violet Metropolis 6543:Lesbian Mysteries 5917:978-0-316-06639-6 4388:. August 1, 1994. 4385:Publishers Weekly 4144:. pp. 9–11. 4037:978-0-8135-3347-6 3672:Julie Anne Peters 3544:Jocelyne François 3435:Stone Butch Blues 3181:The Price of Salt 3129:Wicked Publishing 3096:, which acquired 3071:Avalon Publishing 3043:Rising Tide Press 2977: 2976: 2969: 2951: 2841:Emily M. Danforth 2606:Carolyn Parkhurst 2502:Yasunari Kawabata 2435:Uruguayan writer 2339:Mary Bradley Lane 2223:in her 1973 book 2081:and published in 2066:The Price of Salt 1918:Ada Dwyer Russell 1568:Poems and Ballads 1469:Sarah Orne Jewett 1353:Marguerite Porete 1333:Christian mystics 1313:Arabic literature 1222:is a subgenre of 1217: 1216: 1149:Peg's Place (bar) 1129:Motherpeace Tarot 1082:Actions and ideas 1073: 1072: 586:Lesbian bed death 184:Stormé DeLarverie 134:Miriam Ben-Shalom 119:Ti-Grace Atkinson 16:(Redirected from 7581: 7546: 7545: 7538:LGBTQ portal 7536: 7535: 7534: 7440:Animated series 7242: 7042: 7038:LGBTQ characters 6935:Media portrayals 6911:Media portrayals 6857:Media portrayals 6813:Early gay novels 6790: 6634: 6627: 6620: 6611: 6605: 6603: 6573:(2002) (archive) 6496: 6468: 6445: 6430:(1st ed.). 6422: 6399: 6384: 6368: 6357: 6342:(2nd ed.). 6326: 6325: 6323: 6322: 6299: 6293: 6290:Before Stonewall 6286: 6280: 6279: 6277: 6275: 6270:. 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6982: 6978: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6964: 6962: 6959: 6957: 6954: 6953: 6951: 6947: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6931: 6928: 6927: 6925: 6922: 6918: 6912: 6909: 6907: 6904: 6902: 6899: 6897: 6894: 6892: 6889: 6887: 6884: 6882: 6879: 6877: 6874: 6873: 6871: 6868: 6864: 6858: 6855: 6853: 6850: 6846: 6843: 6842: 6841: 6838: 6836: 6833: 6829: 6826: 6825: 6824: 6823:Slash fiction 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6800: 6798: 6795: 6791: 6788: 6784: 6778: 6775: 6773: 6770: 6768: 6765: 6763: 6760: 6758: 6755: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6744: 6742: 6738: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6719: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6708: 6706: 6702: 6696: 6693: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6662: 6660: 6656: 6652: 6651:LGBTQ writers 6647: 6642: 6635: 6630: 6628: 6623: 6621: 6616: 6615: 6612: 6602: 6601: 6594: 6592: 6588: 6584: 6583:Barbara Grier 6580: 6579: 6575: 6572: 6568: 6564: 6563: 6559: 6556: 6553: 6550: 6549:Lesbian Books 6547: 6544: 6541: 6538: 6535: 6533: 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5819: 5815: 5811: 5804: 5801: 5796: 5792: 5788: 5784: 5777: 5774: 5768: 5763: 5759: 5755: 5748: 5745: 5734:on 2018-08-29 5730: 5723: 5720:Samir Habib. 5716: 5713: 5702:on 2017-06-21 5701: 5697: 5691: 5688: 5676: 5669: 5666: 5662: 5656: 5653: 5648: 5642: 5638: 5634: 5627: 5624: 5620: 5614: 5611: 5599: 5598: 5593: 5586: 5583: 5579: 5578:0-19-537781-8 5575: 5569: 5566: 5562: 5556: 5553: 5548: 5544: 5540: 5533: 5526: 5523: 5519: 5518:0-415-07336-7 5515: 5511: 5505: 5502: 5497: 5495:9780313348600 5491: 5487: 5486: 5478: 5475: 5470: 5466: 5462: 5458: 5454: 5450: 5446: 5442: 5435: 5432: 5427: 5425:9781410357069 5421: 5417: 5416: 5409: 5406: 5400: 5397: 5392: 5385: 5383: 5379: 5375: 5370: 5367: 5361: 5354: 5351: 5348: 5342: 5339: 5334: 5328: 5324: 5320: 5313: 5310: 5298: 5297: 5292: 5285: 5282: 5270: 5266: 5262: 5255: 5253: 5249: 5244: 5238: 5234: 5230: 5226: 5222: 5215: 5212: 5200: 5199: 5194: 5187: 5184: 5179: 5173: 5169: 5165: 5158: 5156: 5152: 5147: 5146: 5141: 5135: 5132: 5127: 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4396: 4392: 4387: 4386: 4381: 4375: 4372: 4367: 4361: 4357: 4356: 4348: 4345: 4332: 4328: 4322: 4319: 4314: 4313: 4308: 4302: 4299: 4293: 4290: 4285: 4279: 4276: 4272: 4271:Bulatlat News 4268: 4263: 4260: 4254: 4251: 4245: 4242: 4236: 4233: 4228: 4226:0-8108-4941-0 4222: 4218: 4214: 4207: 4204: 4199: 4193: 4189: 4185: 4178: 4177: 4172: 4168: 4161: 4158: 4153: 4147: 4143: 4139: 4138: 4130: 4127: 4122: 4118: 4114: 4110: 4106: 4102: 4098: 4097:Seajay, Carol 4092: 4089: 4085: 4084:0-7893-1511-4 4081: 4077: 4071: 4068: 4064: 4063:0-930044-65-7 4060: 4056: 4052: 4047: 4044: 4039: 4033: 4029: 4022: 4019: 4014: 4010: 4006: 4002: 3998: 3994: 3990: 3984: 3981: 3975: 3974:11250/2992128 3970: 3966: 3959: 3956: 3944: 3940: 3936: 3930: 3927: 3921: 3913: 3909: 3904: 3901: 3894: 3889: 3886: 3883: 3879: 3875: 3872: 3869: 3866: 3863: 3860: 3858: 3855: 3853: 3850: 3848: 3845: 3843: 3840: 3838: 3835: 3833: 3830: 3829: 3825: 3814: 3809: 3804: 3801: 3799: 3796: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3779: 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3374: 3371: 3367: 3364: 3361: 3357: 3354: 3351: 3347: 3344: 3341: 3337: 3336: 3332: 3329: 3325: 3322: 3319: 3315: 3314: 3310: 3307: 3303: 3302: 3298: 3295: 3291: 3290: 3286: 3283: 3282:Verena Stefan 3279: 3276: 3273: 3269: 3268: 3264: 3261: 3260:Isabel Miller 3257: 3256: 3252: 3249: 3245: 3244: 3240: 3237: 3233: 3232: 3228: 3225: 3221: 3220: 3216: 3213: 3209: 3206: 3203: 3199: 3198: 3194: 3191: 3188:(1952) – aka 3187: 3183: 3182: 3178: 3175: 3171: 3170: 3166: 3163: 3159: 3158: 3154: 3153: 3150: 3143:Notable works 3142: 3140: 3138: 3134: 3130: 3126: 3122: 3118: 3114: 3110: 3109:Bedazzled Ink 3105: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3091: 3090:Bywater Books 3087: 3083: 3078: 3076: 3072: 3068: 3064: 3060: 3056: 3052: 3048: 3044: 3040: 3039:Spinsters Ink 3035: 3033: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3020:Barbara Grier 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2971: 2968: 2960: 2949: 2946: 2942: 2939: 2935: 2932: 2928: 2925: 2921: 2918: –  2917: 2913: 2912:Find sources: 2906: 2902: 2896: 2895: 2890:This section 2888: 2884: 2879: 2878: 2872: 2870: 2868: 2867: 2860: 2858: 2854: 2850: 2846: 2842: 2838: 2837: 2831: 2829: 2825: 2823: 2819: 2818: 2814:In 2000, the 2812: 2808: 2801: 2799: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2733: 2731: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2720: 2715: 2713: 2709: 2704: 2701: 2697: 2696: 2688: 2686: 2684: 2679: 2674: 2672: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2653: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2639: 2631: 2626: 2624: 2622: 2620: 2615: 2609: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2594: 2589: 2585: 2584: 2579: 2575: 2574: 2569: 2565: 2564: 2558: 2556: 2552: 2551:Frieda Ekotto 2548: 2547:Ana Hiya Anti 2543: 2541: 2537: 2533: 2532: 2527: 2523: 2522:Natsuo Kirino 2519: 2518: 2513: 2510:(卍 Manji) by 2509: 2508: 2503: 2499: 2498: 2493: 2489: 2485: 2481: 2477: 2472: 2470: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2438: 2433: 2429: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2414: 2412: 2408: 2403: 2397: 2396: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2377: 2373: 2372: 2371:Off Our Backs 2367: 2366: 2361: 2356: 2351: 2349: 2345: 2340: 2336: 2333:in 1915, or “ 2332: 2328: 2323: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2313:Alma Routsong 2310: 2309: 2304: 2300: 2299:Adrienne Rich 2296: 2295: 2290: 2289: 2284: 2280: 2276: 2275: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2261: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2235:Jewelle Gomez 2232: 2228: 2227: 2222: 2218: 2217:Jill Johnston 2214: 2210: 2209: 2204: 2199: 2191: 2188: 2183: 2176: 2174: 2172: 2168: 2167:Maureen Duffy 2163: 2161: 2157: 2153: 2148: 2146: 2145: 2144:Desert Hearts 2139: 2135: 2134: 2129: 2125: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2110: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2087:Coward-McCann 2084: 2080: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2067: 2062: 2060: 2059:Beebo Brinker 2056: 2052: 2048: 2047: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2022: 2018: 2017: 2012: 2005: 2000: 1993: 1991: 1989: 1988: 1983: 1979: 1977: 1973: 1969: 1965: 1961: 1955: 1952: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1910: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1891: 1889: 1885: 1884: 1879: 1878: 1873: 1872: 1867: 1862: 1860: 1856: 1855: 1850: 1846: 1844: 1843: 1838: 1837: 1832: 1824: 1820: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1796: 1792: 1791:Class S genre 1784: 1781:(1916–1924) ( 1780: 1779:Flower Tales 1776: 1770: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1739: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1721: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1688: 1683: 1679: 1678: 1673: 1665: 1664: 1658: 1651: 1647: 1640: 1637: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1620: 1619: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1605: 1601: 1598: 1593: 1591: 1590: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1564:sadomasochism 1561: 1557: 1553: 1545: 1540: 1536: 1533: 1529: 1528:Michael Field 1525: 1523: 1518: 1516: 1512: 1511: 1506: 1505: 1500: 1495: 1493: 1492: 1487: 1483: 1482:Goblin Market 1479: 1473: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1457:Octave Thanet 1454: 1450: 1445: 1443: 1442: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1416: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1401: 1394: 1389: 1382: 1380: 1378: 1370: 1366: 1358: 1356: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1345:Margery Kempe 1342: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1307:The European 1302: 1297: 1295: 1291: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1271: 1269: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1246: 1244: 1242: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1210: 1205: 1203: 1198: 1196: 1191: 1190: 1188: 1187: 1184: 1174: 1173: 1165: 1162: 1160: 1159:Women's music 1157: 1155: 1152: 1150: 1147: 1145: 1142: 1140: 1137: 1135: 1132: 1130: 1127: 1125: 1122: 1120: 1117: 1115: 1112: 1110: 1107: 1105: 1104:Lesbian flags 1102: 1100: 1097: 1095: 1092: 1090: 1087: 1086: 1079: 1078: 1064: 1063: 1059: 1054: 1053: 1049: 1044: 1043: 1039: 1034: 1033: 1029: 1024: 1023: 1019: 1014: 1013: 1009: 1004: 1003: 999: 994: 993: 989: 984: 983: 979: 974: 973: 969: 964: 963: 959: 954: 953: 949: 944: 943: 939: 934: 933: 929: 924: 923: 919: 914: 913: 909: 904: 903: 899: 894: 893: 889: 884: 883: 879: 874: 873: 869: 864: 863: 859: 854: 853: 852:Off Our Backs 849: 844: 843: 839: 834: 833: 829: 824: 823: 819: 814: 813: 809: 804: 803: 799: 798: 797: 796: 793: 789: 780: 779: 775: 770: 769: 765: 760: 759: 755: 750: 749: 748:Lesbian/Woman 745: 740: 739: 735: 730: 729: 725: 720: 719: 715: 710: 709: 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215: 212: 210: 207: 205: 202: 200: 197: 195: 192: 190: 189:Diane DiMassa 187: 185: 182: 180: 177: 175: 172: 170: 167: 165: 162: 160: 157: 155: 154:Cheryl Clarke 152: 150: 147: 145: 142: 140: 137: 135: 132: 130: 127: 125: 122: 120: 117: 115: 112: 110: 107: 106: 102: 97: 96: 91: 88: 87: 86: 85: 81: 77: 76: 73: 69: 65: 61: 60: 54: 53: 48: 44: 40: 36: 32: 19: 7408:by storyline 7360:Animation on 7206:in animation 7189:in animation 7177:in animation 7110:2020–present 6980:LGBTQ themes 6896:Pulp fiction 6866: 6835:Teen fiction 6818:Pulp fiction 6599: 6577: 6566: 6561: 6483:(M.A.L.S.). 6480: 6455:Viking Press 6450: 6427: 6404: 6393: 6364: 6339: 6319:. 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Kerr 3642:Mary James 3614:Malinda Lo 3589:Ellen Hart 3484:Ann Bannon 3464:Malinda Lo 3447:Sugar Rush 3236:Ann Bannon 3202:Vin Packer 3075:Joan Drury 3067:Seal Press 3014:(1983) by 2957:March 2021 2927:newspapers 2873:Publishers 2794:(1999) by 2786:(1999) by 2774:(1997) by 2766:(1997) by 2754:published 2722:(1985) by 2719:Annie John 2698:(1982) by 2683:Judy Blume 2673:reported: 2663:Judy Blume 2648:(1978) by 2640:(1976) by 2604:(2006) by 2596:(2002) by 2586:(1998) by 2576:(1992) by 2566:(1982) by 2517:Real World 2303:Judy Grahn 2294:Conditions 2265:Loving Her 2260:Loving Her 2257:’s novel, 2203:picaresque 2156:May Sarton 2099:Bloomsbury 2075:manuscript 2055:Ann Bannon 2016:The Ladder 1964:Mary Casal 1914:Amy Lowell 1777:published 1680:(1928) by 1634:See also: 1556:Christabel 1420:Vernon Lee 1243:literature 1224:literature 1094:Dyke march 1089:Cineffable 1052:Velvetpark 1042:AfterEllen 922:Conditions 822:The Ladder 812:Vice Versa 631:Soft butch 539:Key issues 304:Pat Parker 269:Anna Livia 7287:2016–2019 7282:2010–2015 7238:and radio 7218:Pansexual 7167:Aromantic 7129:Webcomics 7062:Animation 7045:By medium 7002:Mythology 6923:and media 6869:and media 6808:BL dramas 6796:and media 6747:Argentina 6704:Festivals 6511:Goodreads 6493:848013710 6316:0362-4331 6013:2165-1019 5830:163660662 5795:198903176 5789:: 17–30. 5541:: 70–82. 5469:201796772 5302:March 16, 5274:March 16, 4775:884781202 4759:1059-9770 4753:: 64–86. 4728:162524708 4720:0021-9118 4586:March 16, 4558:March 16, 4005:0711-8813 3935:"Lesbian" 3698:Jane Rule 3677:Radclyffe 3624:Lee Lynch 3423:Southland 3350:Jane Rule 3328:Lee Lynch 3278:Häutungen 3248:Jane Rule 3169:Nightwood 3028:Jane Rule 2845:de-gaying 2820:included 2784:Hard Love 2752:M.E. 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Index

Sapphic literature

Amanda Brewster Sewell
Sappho
Lesbos
lesbian
a series
Lesbian feminism

Women's liberation movement
People
Paula Gunn Allen
Dorothy Allison
Ti-Grace Atkinson
Alison Bechdel
Evelyn Torton Beck
Miriam Ben-Shalom
Julie Bindel
Ivy Bottini
Charlotte Bunch
Cheryl Clarke
Michelle Cliff
Kate Clinton
Jeanne Córdova
Mary Daly
Max Dashu
Stormé DeLarverie
Diane DiMassa
Alix Dobkin
Andrea Dworkin

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