1544:
1553:
427:, a 1904 work which was her only novel set in Canada and centers on a fictional town modeled on Brantford. It had at best a mixed reception: Germaine Warkentin says that despite being "the first truly modern Canadian novel", it was too progressive for its audience, poorly received and remained largely unread until the 1960s. Nowadays, it is the most popular of her works and the remainder, once generally much more popular, are read mainly as a means of contextualizing it. Dean says that at the time of publication
22:
274:. There she entertained Forster in November 1912. He noted a characteristic ambivalence in her manner, saying that she was "clever and odd β nice to talk to alone, but at times the Social Manner descended like a pall." His letters also speak to Duncan's continued involvement with political ideas: "I don't talk about politics although at the Cotes, I have been living in them."
1572:
943:
376:(1899) being a notable exception. A recurring theme is an examination of the nature of authority and its relationship to autonomy, which was a topic that much concerned her mostly middle-class audience. Particularly adept with dialogue but less so with point of view, much of her work is ironic in tone and, according to Dean, attempts
947:
316:. Though she rarely returned to Canada after marrying Everard, and last visited in 1919, she had always insisted that the royalties from her books were paid into her bank account in Brantford. Everard was her beneficiary; he and Duncan had no children. Everard remarried in 1923, fathering two children before his death in 1944.
364:
show her experimenting with different genres that might sell well or were known to be popular, and they were of increasing complexity. Generally, she followed a nineteenth-century tradition of "society" novels in which personal and public politics might play a part β epitomised by writers such as
380:
to define representative types of characters, often nationally or culturally differentiated. Her work frequently focuses on females, addressing their ethical and personal choices in the context of their dual imperative to develop as individuals and represent moral ideas. Duncan thus creates a kind of
363:
Duncan tended to identify as an Anglo-Indian. Nine of her novels are set in India and most of her works are in the setting of Anglo-Indian society, of which she said "there is such abundance of material ... it is full of such picturesque incidence, such tragic chance". The progress of her novels
393:
in fiction. According to Dean, the book "relies on the strengths of Duncan's journalism β close observation, description of manners, and wry humour β while transforming the narrator's travelling companion from the sophisticated Lewis into a naive and romantic
English girl." Her next two
355:
Duncan moved from journalism to writing fiction after her marriage to Cotes. Thereafter, she published books under various names, including a volume of personal sketches and a collection of short stories. These were usually serialised in magazines and newspapers before being published as books in
64:
where she was put in charge of the current literature section. Later she made a journey to India and married an Anglo-Indian civil servant thereafter dividing her time between
England and India. She wrote 22 works of fiction, many with international themes and settings. Her novels met with mixed
474:
feminism, its
Canadian nationalism and its critique of Canada's place within the empire make it an important text of colonial modernity, particularly in relation to gender and urban space. ... Duncan's is a rare and subtle look, for the period, at how the economic and political workings of
239:, London. The travelling was necessitated by her continued writing commitments in several countries. There had been plans for her and Everard to return permanently to England in 1894, but these came to nothing: her husband reinvented himself as a journalist and edited the Calcutta-based
281:, during which Duncan and her husband were unable to be together, she began to take an interest in writing plays, but had little success. She maintained her interest until 1921, two years after her husband had finally left India and the couple had taken residence in
30:
160:
in summer 1886, taking over the "Woman's World" section that had emerged. As in
Washington, she contributed more generally as a member of the editorial staff. While the "Woman's World" column was fairly light in tone, she also wrote a more serious column for
247:'s off-hand and misinterpreted observation that "Mrs. Cotes difficult, and I fancy unhappy"), hers is not the accepted view. Duncan certainly supported her husband in various work-related endeavours. She also cultivated a friendship with
420:(1901) was set in Duncan's garden in Simla, where she had been forced to spend seven months while recovering from her tuberculosis infection. Warkentin sees this work as an example of her eye for a commercial opportunity.
263:, at least in part hoping he might find a position for Everard in Britain. Warkentin suggests that theirs may have been "one of those marriages in which a difficult woman and a gentle, agreeable man made common cause."
406:(1894), described by Dean as her first "serious novel" and by Warkentin as a "new woman" work that is "flawed but fascinating". It was with this fourth book that she took to using both her married and maiden name.
528:"appears only occasionally in the writings of students of feminism and post-colonialism trawling the backwaters of the Edwardian novel, and almost never in accounts of Anglo-Indian literature".
1675:
356:
Britain and the US. She had a regular writing routine that involved composing 300β400 words each morning and she planned her future works well ahead of their publication. Her agents were
385:
Duncan's first book was her most successful; "cheerfully anecdotal", says
Warkentin, and "written with flair and self-conscious charm; it was written to sell, and sell it did." Titled
196:
journalist Lily Lewis. The idea of a woman travelling alone at that time was unconventional. Her intention was to gather material for a book, although both also filed stories to the
312:, although her lung problems generally may have been exacerbated by the climate and sanitation in Calcutta. She was buried at St Giles's Church, Ashtead, and left a CAD$ 13,000
205:
171:, her strongly defined progressive views on international copyright, women's suffrage, and realist fiction made her work remarkable in such conservative journals as the
243:
in 1894β97, later becoming managing director of the
Eastern News Agency. Although Marian Fowler, a biographer, argued that the couple's marriage was unhappy (based on
447:: "To the Canadian, to the Ontarian especially, it means more than any other Canadian story, for it gives with truth and with art a depiction of our own community."
167:, a Toronto-based literary periodical, using the names "Jeannette Duncan" and "Sara Jeannette Duncan". Her biographer, Misao Dean, says that "well-suited to the
1645:
1630:
1615:
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97:
and furniture merchant, and his wife, Jane (nΓ©e Bell), who was Canada-born of Irish descent. She trained as a teacher, taking a third-class certificate at
381:
heroine who defines herself through love, travel, and artistic vocation, and whose gender politics is linked to a critique of imperial-colonial relations.
1635:
1620:
458:(1914) constitutes the other work by Duncan that has significant Canadian themes, although neither is set in Canada. While not studied to the extent of
52:, she took to poetry early in life and after a brief teaching period worked as a travel writer for Canadian newspapers and a columnist for the Toronto
105:, but always had an eye on a literary career. She had poetry printed as early as 1880, two years before she fully qualified as a teacher. A period of
66:
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until very near to publication, stands out as a notable failure in her commercial sense and an act perhaps of stubbornness, being an overtly
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was at least three years in planning, while her agents arranged multi-book publishing deals on her behalf on at least three occasions.
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666:
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389:, it was published in 1890 and fictionalized her around-the-world trip with Lewis. It contains the first description of the city of
70:
491:. In these she was able to draw on the similarities of experience between her colonised homeland and her colonised adopted land.
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1538:
923:
was not a success and a friend claimed that failure to be the reason why the
Wintergreen pseudonym would not have been re-used.
235:
After her marriage, Duncan split her time mostly between
England and India, often spending much of it alone in rented flats in
896:
253:
507:, which itself had been a novel about politics. Its central character, Anthony Andover, is now known to have been based on
115:
54:
488:
163:
365:
308:, whence she and her husband had moved in 1921. She had been a smoker and it is possible that the cause of death was
423:
Duncan occasionally strayed from the subject of Anglo-Indian society and is best-known and most studied today for
1389:
861:
658:
A Voyage of
Consolation (being in the nature of a sequel to the experiences of 'An American Girl in London')
357:
156:, where she was soon put in charge of the current literature department. She was back as "Garth Grafton" at
132:
98:
1534:
328:
217:
102:
1409:
135:. Her articles were published under the pseudonym "Garth" and reprinted in other newspapers. They led
1605:
1600:
340:
336:
40:(22 December 1861 β 22 July 1922) was a Canadian author and journalist, who also published as
874:
was authored by Duncan pseudonymously but seems not to have been able to confirm his suspicions.
248:
82:
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93:), she was the oldest daughter of Charles Duncan, a well-off Scottish immigrant who worked as a
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asserted that Duncan was disqualified by her gender from writing on political subjects. The
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to offer her a regular weekly column when she returned to Canada some months later.
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259:
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708:
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as Sara
Jeanette Duncan β Mrs Everard Cotes. Also published under the title
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344:
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271:
146:
during the summer of 1885 using the name "Garth Grafton". She then moved to the
110:
86:
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372:. Although she admired Howells and James, she did not often emulate them, with
1525:
236:
228:. The couple married a year later on 6 December 1890, after a proposal at the
221:
944:"Sara Jeannette Duncan (1861-1922), Parks Canada backgrounder, Feb. 15, 2016"
390:
309:
229:
94:
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as Mrs Everard Cotes (Sara Jeanette Duncan) β a collection of short stories
387:
A Social Departure: How Orthodocia and I Went Around The World by Ourselves
791:
as Mrs Everard Cotes (Sara Jeanette Duncan) (the US edition was subtitled
540:
A Social Departure: How Orthodocia and I Went Round The World by Ourselves
435:
complained that it hid a medicinal message in a spoonful of jam while the
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as they travelled. In 1889, during this tour, she attended a function in
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imperialism affect women and the private sphere of personal relations.
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of India, whom she had previously known in Canada. There she met the
189:
615:
Vernon's Aunt: Being the Oriental Experiences of Miss Lavinia Moffat
109:
in the Brantford area ended in December 1884, when she travelled to
1562:
319:
Among Duncan's contacts in the literary world were the journalists
28:
20:
182:
In early 1887, Duncan became parliamentary correspondent for the
81:
Born Sarah Janet Duncan on 22 December 1861 at 96 West Street,
1429:
Modernist Voyages: Colonial Women Writers in London, 1890β1945
292:
in 1900, spending the summer out of doors in the fresh air of
1372:
Giving Canada a Literary History: A Memoir by Carl F. Klinck
65:
acclaim and are rarely read today. In 2016, she was named a
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192:. In 1888, she embarked on a world tour with a friend,
1358:, vol. 15, University of Toronto/UniversitΓ© Laval
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is considered by Anna Snaith to be an important work:
304:. She died of chronic lung disease on 22 July 1922 at
300:(1901), published in the United States and Canada as
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48:among other names. First trained as a teacher in a
1676:Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada)
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503:published immediately after the poor reception of
483:(1906), written in particularly ironic style, and
487:(1909) β took as their theme the subject of
402:(1893) followed a similar pattern, but then came
142:Duncan wrote her "Other People and I" column for
1478:A Different Point of View: Sara Jeannette Duncan
468:
429:
378:
412:(1897) was a sequel to internationally themed
520:Today, says Warkentin, with the exception of
360:and his sons, Alexander Strahan and Hansard.
8:
1446:Warkentin, Germaine (1996), "Introduction",
870:believed it was possible that a book called
684:as Sarah Jeanette Duncan (Mrs Everard Cotes)
577:as Sara Jeanette Duncan, published in August
71:Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada
836:as Mrs Everard Cotes (Sara Jeanette Duncan)
815:as Mrs Everard Cotes (Sara Jeanette Duncan)
780:as Mrs Everard Cotes (Sara Jeanette Duncan)
769:as Mrs Everard Cotes (Sara Jeanette Duncan)
726:as Mrs Everard Cotes (Sara Jeanette Duncan)
715:as Mrs Everard Cotes (Sara Jeanette Duncan)
695:as Mrs Everard Cotes (Sara Jeanette Duncan)
673:as Sara Jeanette Duncan (Mrs Everard Cotes)
652:as Sara Jeanette Duncan (Mrs Everard Cotes)
631:as Mrs Everard Cotes (Sara Jeanette Duncan)
620:as Sara Jeanette Duncan (Mrs Everard Cotes)
609:as Mrs Everard Cotes (Sara Jeanette Duncan)
1411:Vancouver: An Eclectic Literary Experience
899:of Ontario in 1962 at Duncan's birthplace.
724:. New York, D. Appleton and company. 1902.
554:. New York, D. Appleton and Company. 1891.
16:Canadian author and journalist (1861β1922)
1512:Sara Jeannette Duncan: Novelist of Empire
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511:, who was unpopular with Anglo-Indians.
1545:Works by or about Sara Jeannette Duncan
1491:Redney: A Life of Sara Jeannette Duncan
1381:Redney: A Life of Sara Jeannette Duncan
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897:Archaeological and Historic Sites Board
888:
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556:as V. Cecil Cotes, published in March
7:
1554:Works by or about Mrs. Everard Cotes
1514:. Port Credit, Ontario: P. D. Meany.
1408:Shearer, Karis (14 September 2009),
1394:Canada's Early Women Writers project
1170:
1015:
968:
895:A memorial plaque was placed by the
101:and her second-class certificate at
1646:Canadian people of Scottish descent
1631:20th-century Canadian women writers
1616:19th-century Canadian women writers
1390:"Sara Jeannette Duncan (1861-1922)"
583:The Simple Adventures of a Memsahib
517:was adapted for the stage in 1915.
400:The Simple Adventures of a Memsahib
33:Sara Jeannette Duncan in her youth.
1656:Canadian women non-fiction writers
813:. New York, J. Lane company. 1909.
454:(1908) is set in London, and with
443:praised the work, however, as did
131:to pay her for articles about the
14:
1636:20th-century pseudonymous writers
1621:19th-century pseudonymous writers
1374:, McGill-Queen's University Press
339:. She also had some contact with
1570:
1356:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
1352:"Duncan, Sara, Jeanette (Cotes)"
745:. D. Appleton and company. 1903.
607:. D. Appleton and company. 1894.
479:Some later books β notably
1626:20th-century Canadian novelists
1611:19th-century Canadian novelists
751:Duncan, Sara Jeannette (1904).
1641:Canadian newspaper journalists
1535:Works by Sara Jeannette Duncan
1526:Works by Sara Jeannette Duncan
1432:, Cambridge University Press,
730:The Little Widows of a Dynasty
701:On the Other Side of the Latch
418:On the Other Side of the Latch
347:, whose writings she admired.
298:On the Other Side of the Latch
58:. Afterward she wrote for the
1:
1414:, Library and Archives Canada
604:A Daughter of To-day: A Novel
470:While Duncan was no radical,
288:Duncan had been treated for
270:, the summer capital of the
1578:Works by Mrs. Everard Cotes
1569:(public domain audiobooks)
1563:Works by Mrs. Everard Cotes
1482:. Montreal: McGill-Queen's.
366:William Makepeace Thackeray
1707:
1691:Writers from British India
1686:The Washington Post people
1666:Pseudonymous women writers
1651:Canadian women journalists
1370:Djwa, Sandra, ed. (1991),
860:. Hutchinson, London 1924
721:Those Delightful Americans
679:Hilda: A Story of Calcutta
562:An American Girl in London
414:An American Girl in London
396:An American Girl in London
331:, the novelist and editor
1681:The Globe and Mail people
1396:, Simon Fraser University
1388:Huenemann, Karyn (2018),
793:A Canadian girl in London
1661:Canadian women novelists
1343:Women Writers of the Raj
1341:Cowasjee, Saros (1991),
732:an article published in
626:The Story of Sonny Sahib
220:, who was working as an
67:National Historic Person
1510:Tausky, Thomas (1980).
1487:Fowler, Marian (1983).
1379:Fowler, Marian (1983),
598:as Sara Jeanette Duncan
545:as Sara Jeanette Duncan
416:. The autobiographical
410:A Voyage of Consolation
266:Sometimes she lived at
251:while he was editor of
133:World Cotton Centennial
44:(her married name) and
1671:Writers from Brantford
742:The Pool in the Desert
477:
449:
445:Toronto Saturday Night
383:
358:Alexander Pollock Watt
99:Brantford Model School
34:
26:
1426:Snaith, Anna (2014),
1315:, pp. 18, 20, 55
637:His Honour and a Lady
532:Selected bibliography
329:John Stephen Willison
218:Everard Charles Cotes
103:Toronto Normal School
69:on the advice of the
38:Sara Jeannette Duncan
32:
25:Sara Jeannette Duncan
24:
1582:Sara Jeanette Duncan
1474:Dean, Misao (1991).
1350:Dean, Misao (2005),
847:as Mrs Everard Cotes
682:. F.A. Stokes. 1898.
551:Two Girls on a Barge
404:A Daughter of To-day
341:William Dean Howells
188:, basing herself in
1495:. Toronto: Anansi.
1452:, Broadview Press,
842:His Royal Happiness
804:as Jane Wintergreen
515:His Royal Happiness
495:, which was titled
472:Cousin Cinderella's
456:His Royal Happiness
337:George William Ross
296:, as chronicled in
277:Around the time of
810:The Burnt Offering
690:The Path of a Star
629:. Macmillan. 1894.
489:Indian nationalism
485:The Burnt Offering
374:The Path of a Star
249:James Louis Garvin
42:Mrs. Everard Cotes
35:
27:
1586:Great War Theatre
1530:Project Gutenberg
1459:978-1-460-40411-9
1439:978-1-107-78249-5
1115:, pp. 90, 96
1056:, pp. 14, 16
909:Cousin Cinderella
786:Cousin Cinderella
734:Harper's Magazine
464:Cousin Cinderella
452:Cousin Cinderella
241:Indian Daily News
113:after persuading
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1574:
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1558:Internet Archive
1549:Internet Archive
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1449:Set in Authority
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1301:Warkentin (1996)
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1291:, pp. 10β11
1289:Warkentin (1996)
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1251:Warkentin (1996)
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1054:Warkentin (1996)
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1042:Warkentin (1996)
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1027:Warkentin (1996)
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493:Set in Authority
481:Set in Authority
370:Anthony Trollope
154:Washington D. C.
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950:on 4 March 2016
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872:Out of the City
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754:The Imperialist
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522:The Imperialist
505:The Imperialist
501:political novel
460:The Imperialist
425:The Imperialist
353:
333:Jean McIlwraith
306:Ashtead, Surrey
302:The Crow's Nest
149:Washington Post
129:London, Ontario
107:supply teaching
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61:Washington Post
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216:civil servant
206:Lord Lansdowne
78:
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1109:
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1101:Fowler (1983)
1097:
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970:
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921:Two in a Flat
917:
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869:
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858:The Gold Cure
855:
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831:9780665991455
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800:Two in a Flat
797:
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764:9780771091209
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321:Goldwin Smith
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226:Indian Museum
223:
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204:organised by
203:
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185:Montreal Star
180:
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119:newspaper in
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50:normal school
47:
46:Garth Grafton
43:
39:
31:
23:
19:
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1448:
1428:
1416:, retrieved
1410:
1400:10 September
1398:, retrieved
1393:
1380:
1371:
1360:, retrieved
1355:
1342:
1334:Bibliography
1333:
1332:
1327:, p. 11
1320:
1308:
1303:, p. 10
1296:
1284:
1279:, p. 90
1258:
1253:, p. 18
1229:
1217:
1205:
1200:, p. 91
1178:
1156:, p. 12
1149:
1144:, p. 16
1127:, p. 54
1120:
1108:
1088:, p. 17
1049:
1044:, p. 14
1022:
964:
952:. Retrieved
948:the original
938:
930:
929:
920:
916:
908:
904:
891:
882:
881:
871:
866:
857:
851:Title Clear.
850:
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741:
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324:
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297:
290:tuberculosis
287:
276:
265:
260:The Observer
258:
252:
245:E.M. Forster
240:
234:
222:entomologist
214:Anglo-Indian
197:
183:
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176:
172:
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147:
143:
141:
136:
124:
114:
80:
59:
53:
45:
41:
37:
36:
18:
1606:1922 deaths
1601:1861 births
1171:Djwa (1991)
1016:Dean (2005)
969:Djwa (1991)
954:22 February
868:Carl Klinck
821:The Consort
524:, Duncan's
509:Lord Curzon
497:The Viceroy
431:The London
398:(1891) and
345:Henry James
279:World War I
272:British Raj
254:The Outlook
111:New Orleans
87:Canada West
1595:Categories
1539:Faded Page
878:References
856:Posthume:
237:Kensington
125:Advertiser
931:Citations
433:Spectator
391:Vancouver
310:emphysema
230:Taj Mahal
158:The Globe
144:The Globe
137:The Globe
116:The Globe
95:dry goods
83:Brantford
1567:LibriVox
1541:(Canada)
1418:7 August
1362:6 August
824:. 1912.
661:. 1897.
640:. 1896.
586:. 1893.
565:. 1891.
394:novels,
323:(of the
202:Calcutta
194:Montreal
175:and the
164:The Week
123:and the
1580:and by
1556:at the
1547:at the
845:. 1914.
802:. 1908.
789:. 1908.
778:. 1906.
713:. 1901.
704:. 1901.
693:. 1899.
618:. 1894.
543:. 1890.
283:Chelsea
224:in the
210:Viceroy
208:, then
121:Toronto
91:Ontario
1499:
1456:
1436:
862:online
828:
761:
736:(1902)
665:
644:
590:
569:
335:, and
327:) and
314:estate
190:Ottawa
883:Notes
526:Εuvre
437:Globe
351:Works
294:Simla
268:Simla
173:Globe
89:(now
55:Globe
1497:ISBN
1454:ISBN
1434:ISBN
1420:2014
1402:2018
1364:2014
956:2016
853:1922
826:ISBN
759:ISBN
663:ISBN
642:ISBN
588:ISBN
567:ISBN
368:and
343:and
325:Week
257:and
198:Star
177:Post
169:Week
77:Life
1584:at
1565:at
1537:at
1528:at
179:."
152:in
127:in
1597::
1392:,
1354:,
1269:^
1241:^
1190:^
1161:^
1132:^
1093:^
1076:^
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757:.
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232:.
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795:)
767:.
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650:.
596:.
575:.
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