147:, to attack rebel camps in the area. The soldiers found a group of about twenty-five rebels under the command of Francisco Roman Sanchez at William Hart's plantation, and drove them away. They also displaced a group of armed men from the house of William Fitzpatrick. The Spaniards decided that the Fitzpatrick and Smith plantations must be eradicated as refuges for the insurrectionists, and on August 28 attacked them in full strength with two gunboat that sailed up Two Sisters Creek and destroyed the Fitzpatrick house with a barrage of artillery. As those inside the building fled, a detachment of soldiers landed and apprehended Fitzpatrick. The boats then continued on to Sawpit Bluff where they shelled the house of James and Mary Smith until the occupants came out and surrendered to the Spanish.
114:. Although rivers swollen with spring floods hindered the advance of Baker's force, they crossed the St. Marys River and were able to reach Sawpit Bluff on May 12 finding that Elbert had not yet arrived. He and his men encamped there for the next three days, and made several raids on habitations between the Nassau and Trout Rivers. The flotilla, under the command of Commodore Oliver Bowen, had been delayed by contrary winds, and did not reach
133:
in the southernmost battle of the
American Revolutionary War, and the only one fought in present-day Duval County. Colonel Baker and forty-two of his men escaped, making their way through the marsh, and across the St. Marys River to Georgia. Elbert reached East Florida with his men two days after the
86:
Almost immediately upon the signing of the United States
Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, hostilities began between British loyalists in Florida and Patriots loyal to the new nation to the north. The British spent the remainder of 1776 deflecting Patriot raids from the Georgia side of the
121:
Having learned from a local resident that authorities had been alerted to the expedition, Baker moved west to find a more strategic location to wait, and encamped on the banks of Thomas Creek, a tributary of the Nassau River. Meanwhile, Brown's
Indians and rangers had been reinforced by British
125:
Brown's rangers and
Indians set up an ambush ahead of Baker's route, while Prevost's regulars advanced behind Baker. When Baker's column reached the ambush around 9:00 am, Brown's men delivered a surprise volley. Baker and his men turned to flee, directly into Prevost's oncoming regulars. The
142:
Armed parties of the so-called "Patriots of
Florida" made forays from Sawpit Bluff to Talbot Island during the Revolution of East Florida, or the so-called "Patriots' War". On August 19, 1813, Capt. Tomás Llorente sent out a detachment of thirty-two men with the Spanish gunboat
109:
The expedition left
Sunbury on May 1. Baker's cavalry rode overland via the King's Road while Elbert's Continentals sailed down the inland waterway with the expectation of meeting at Sawpit Bluff, near the mouth of the Nassau River at the north end of what is now
126:
Patriots were quickly overwhelmed by the large numbers of rangers and
Indians appearing in the underbrush. About half of the Georgians fled at first sight of the enemy; Baker, his horse taken by one of his companions, escaped into the swamps.
122:
regulars under the command of Major Mark
Prevost, bringing their total force to about 200 men. They crossed the St. Johns and encamped at Rolfe's Sawmill on Trout Creek; their scouts located the American camp on the night of May 16–17.
258:
Spanish Land Grants in
Florida: Briefed Translations from the Archives of the Board of Commissioners for Ascertaining Claims and Titles to Land in the Territory of Florida...
895:
106:
and 400 Continental troops were to rendezvous with Col. John Baker and his force of about 100 Georgia cavalry militia on May 12 for the march south to St. Augustine.
761:"Letter from George Frederick Mulcaster to Gen. Grant, giving the general state of affairs in Florida, Georgia, and South-Carolina [January 4, 1775]"
890:
445:
88:
829:
711:
677:
604:
570:
516:
482:
397:
215:
760:
28:
900:
62:(roughly, "Sawmill Bluff"). Plantations in Spanish Florida depended on the forced labor of enslaved persons of African descent.
851:
24:
102:
The
American response was swift: an invasion of St. Augustine was planned, and Patriot forces began moving south.
281:
165:
241:...Seeing Fernandina: A Guide to the City and Its Industries ... Co-sponsored by the City Commission, Fernandins
190:
Landmarks of the American Revolution: A Guide to Locating and Knowing What Happened at the Sites of Independence
92:
130:
70:
449:
423:
The history of Georgia: containing brief sketches of the most remarkable events, up to the present day
111:
188:
66:
32:
768:
634:
58:, a territorial governor of Florida) built a plantation at Sawpit Bluff, called by the Spanish
825:
707:
673:
600:
566:
539:
Stowell, Daniel W. (October 1996). "Chapter Five: Military Conflict and Defenses, 1562-1898".
512:
478:
393:
293:
211:
669:
Three Peoples, One King: Loyalists, Indians, and Slaves in the Revolutionary South, 1775-1782
51:
40:
821:
The Other War of 1812: The Patriot War and the American Invasion of Spanish East Florida
628:
55:
799:
Pennington, Edward (July 1930). "East Florida in the American Revolution, 1775-1778".
540:
884:
115:
103:
96:
44:
36:
562:
The King's Ranger: Thomas Brown and the American Revolution on the Southern Frontier
20:
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166:"Mermaids Riding Alligators: Divided Command on the Southern Frontier, 1776-1778"
866:
853:
297:
39:. It was the location of a proposed rendezvous between mounted militia from
703:
A quest for glory: Major General Robert Howe and the American Revolution
342:. Ho-Ho-Kus Pub. Co., originally University of Wisconsin. p. 41
87:
St. Marys. In the Spring of 1777, British forces pushed across the
389:
The Georgia-Florida contest in the American Revolution, 1776-1778
314:
Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the ... Congress
672:. Univ of South Carolina Press. 30 August 2008. p. 102.
765:"The Papers of James Grant of Ballindalloch Castle, Scotland
364:
Button Gwinnett: Signer of the Declaration of Independence
99:, and raiding Georgia farms for some 2000 head of cattle.
700:
Charles E. Bennett; Donald R. Lennon (1 September 1991).
339:
Captains of the state navies during the Revolutionary War
129:
The superior British force defeated the Americans at the
134:
battle, landing on the northern end of Amelia Island.
82:
Second invasion of East Florida by Georgian "Patriots"
31:
at the mouth of Sawpit Creek where it discharges into
548:. Atlanta, Georgia: Nation Park Service. p. 132.
43:
and Continental troops under the command of Lt. Col.
596:
Oglethorpe And Colonial Georgia: A History, 17331783
47:during the second invasion of Florida in May 1777.
740:. Farrar & Rinehart, Incorporated. p. 123
734:James Branch Cabell; Alfred Jackson Hanna (1943).
706:. University of North Carolina Press. p. 62.
511:. University of South Carolina Press. p. 19.
244:. Fernandian news publishing Company. p. 21.
317:. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 37133
767:. University of North Florida. Archived from
8:
824:. University of Georgia Press. p. 281.
448:. U.S. National Park Service. Archived from
392:. University of Alabama Press. p. 94.
474:The frontier war for American independence
255:Florida Historical Records Survey (1941).
50:Around 1809, Capt. James Smith (father of
896:Populated places in Duval County, Florida
633:. Houghton, Mifflin and Company. p.
542:Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve
801:The Florida Historical Society Quarterly
653:
651:
65:The site is located at the mouth of the
156:
737:The St. Johns: A Parade of Diversities
426:. Seymour & Williams. p. 119
7:
559:Edward J. Cashin (30 January 1999).
891:Florida in the American Revolution
565:. Fordham Univ Press. p. 64.
471:William R. Nester (1 March 2004).
14:
807:(1). Florida Historical Society.
477:. Stackpole Books. p. 164.
361:Charles Francis Jenkins (1926).
311:United States. Congress (1969).
286:The Florida Historical Quarterly
261:State Library Board. p. 316
238:Writers' Program (Fla.) (1940).
508:Jacksonville: Riverport-Seaport
207:Women in the American Civil War
627:Charles Colcock Jones (1883).
386:Martha Condray Searcy (1985).
367:. Doubleday, Page. p. 143
1:
759:Mulcaster, Frederick George.
193:. Hawthorn Books. p. 72.
138:The rebellion of East Florida
204:Lisa Tendrich Frank (2008).
170:Florida Historical Quarterly
280:Williams, Edwin L. (1949).
917:
593:David Lee Russell (2006).
336:John A. McManemin (1984).
282:"Negro Slavery in Florida"
187:Mark Mayo Boatner (1975).
35:opposite the south end of
25:American Revolutionary War
19:was a small settlement in
599:. McFarland. p. 83.
210:. ABC-CLIO. p. 477.
164:Smith, W. Calvin (1975).
818:James G. Cusick (2007).
505:George E. Buker (1992).
901:Northside, Jacksonville
630:The History of Georgia
131:Battle of Thomas Creek
104:Lt. Col. Samuel Elbert
60:Barranco de Aserradero
71:Duval County, Florida
420:Hugh McCall (1816).
112:Black Hammock Island
867:30.5196°N 81.4808°W
863: /
789:Searcy 1985, p. 95
657:Jones 1883, p. 266
452:on August 12, 2007
872:30.5196; -81.4808
831:978-0-8203-2921-5
713:978-0-8078-1982-1
679:978-1-57003-737-5
606:978-0-7864-2233-3
572:978-0-8232-1908-7
518:978-0-87249-790-0
484:978-0-8117-0077-1
399:978-0-8173-0225-2
217:978-1-85109-600-8
27:on the site of a
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89:St. Marys River
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69:in present-day
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45:Samuel Elbert
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37:Amelia Island
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835:. Retrieved
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773:. Retrieved
769:the original
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450:the original
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91:, capturing
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67:Nassau River
64:
59:
49:
33:Nassau Sound
21:East Florida
17:Sawpit Bluff
16:
15:
870: /
23:during the
885:Categories
858:81°28′51″W
855:30°31′11″N
151:References
54:, wife of
29:plantation
298:0015-4113
292:(2): 97.
176:(4): 453.
145:Immutable
837:28 April
685:29 April
640:29 April
578:28 April
490:28 April
456:28 April
405:28 April
95:on the
77:History
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296:
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775:4 May
744:3 May
719:3 May
612:3 May
546:(PDF)
524:3 May
430:3 May
371:3 May
346:3 May
321:4 May
265:3 May
223:5 May
839:2013
826:ISBN
777:2013
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708:ISBN
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674:ISBN
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614:2013
601:ISBN
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567:ISBN
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513:ISBN
492:2013
479:ISBN
458:2013
432:2013
407:2013
394:ISBN
373:2013
348:2013
323:2013
294:ISSN
267:2013
225:2013
212:ISBN
635:267
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