810:
and has no seeds. The lack of seeds is good because they are easy to eat, but in the Edo period, the lack of seeds was a factor that made them unpopular. It was believed that eating seedless fruit meant that one could no longer produce offspring, thus ending one's family lineage. When the fruit was named "unshu mikan" in the late Edo period, it was finally recognized. Wenzhou is a mandarin production area in China, and the name "unshu mikan" means "a mandarin comparable to the one produced in
Wenzhou". The unshu mikan is often mistaken for a mandarin imported from China, but it is a genuine Japanese mandarin. It was not until the Meiji period that the cultivation of unshu mikan became popular.
534:). Satsumas are known for their loose, leathery skin; the fruit is very easily peeled in comparison to other citrus fruits. The rind is often smooth to slightly rough with the shape of a medium to small flattened sphere. Satsumas usually have 10 to 12 easily separable segments with tough membranes. The flesh is particularly delicate, and cannot withstand the effects of careless handling. Coloring of the fruit is often dependent on climate; satsumas grown in humid areas may be ripe while the skin is still green while those grown in areas with cool night temperatures may see a brilliant reddish orange skin at peak.
496:
508:
75:
516:
62:
3066:
3054:
3078:
809:
During the Edo period, when kishu mikan were being cultivated, unshu mikan were already being cultivated. However, they were not yet called unshu mikan, but
Nakajima mikan. Although mandarins were a luxury, unshu mikan were not the most popular. The unshu mikan is unique in that it is ready to peel
1124:
Wu, Guohong Albert; Terol, Javier; Ibanez, Victoria; López-García, Antonio; Pérez-Román, Estela; Borredá, Carles; Domingo, Concha; Tadeo, Francisco R; Carbonell-Caballero, Jose; Alonso, Roberto; Curk, Franck; Du, Dongliang; Ollitrault, Patrick; Roose, Mikeal L. Roose; Dopazo, Joaquin; Gmitter Jr,
874:
of Sōkitsu, Mankitsu, or
Tendaisankitsu introduced from Huangyan Zhejiang, China. It appeared in the early Edo period. The place where Satsuma was born by mutation was Nishi-nakajima, Amakusa District, Higo Province (later Nagashima, Kagoshima), and was called Nakajima Mikan or Nagashima
537:
Satsumas are cold-hardy, and when planted in colder locations, the fruit becomes sweeter from the colder temperatures. A mature satsuma tree can survive down to −9 °C (15 °F) or even −11 °C (12 °F) for a few hours. Of the edible citrus varieties, only the
293:), where the species was thought to have developed by mutation. It is said to have originated in either Japan or China, and because of its name, it is often described as originating in China. Genetic studies conducted in the 2010s suggest that the maternal species of
962:
Mikan is a tangerine-like citrus fruit that is grown in warmer regions of Japan in large quantities. Many different varieties have been introduced to Japan from China since the eighth century, but since the late 19th century the most important variety has been the
622:
in the
Florida Panhandle had billed itself as the "Satsuma Capital of the World". However, the commercial industry was damaged by a −13.3 °C (8.1 °F) cold snap in 1911, a hurricane in 1915, and a very cold period in the late 1930s.
1190:
Shimizu, Tokurou; Kitajima, Akira; Nonaka, Keisuke; Yoshioka, Terutaka; Ohta, Satoshi; Goto, Shingo; Toyoda, Atsushi; Fujiyama, Asao; Mochizuki, Takako; Nagasaki, Hideki; Kaminuma, Eli; Nakamura, Yasukazu (30 November 2016).
542:
is more cold-hardy. Satsumas rarely have any thorns, an attribute that also makes them popular. They can be grown from seed, which takes about eight years until the first fruits are produced, or grafted onto other
3039:
895:
Shimizu
Tokurou; Kitajima Akira; Nonaka Keisuke; Yoshioka Terutaka; Ohta Satoshi; Goto Shingo; Toyoda Atsushi; Fujiyama Asao; Mochizuki Takako; Nagasaki Hideki; Kaminuma Eli; Nakamura Yasukazu
479:
hybrid, with 22% of its genome, a larger proportion than seen in most mandarins, coming from pomelo. It arose when a mandarin of the low-pomelo
Huanglingmiao or kishumikan variety (placed in
1397:
575:). The municipal street "Orange" in New Orleans, was originally named "Rue Des Orangers" and the site of the Jesuit grove. The groves were later re-cultivated farther south in
1044:
887:
598:, who renamed them satsumas. Between 1908 and 1911 about a million Owari mikan trees were imported throughout the lower Gulf Coast states. Owari is still commonly grown in
3034:
914:
Therefore, it is likely that kunenbo was backcrossed to kishu in the
Kagoshima region of Japan several times and Satsuma and Yatsushiro were selected from their offspring.
1599:
3275:
1480:
953:
1085:
Froelicher, Yann; Mouhaya, Wafa; Bassene, Jean-Baptiste; Costantino, Gilles; Kamiri, Mourad; Luro, Francois; Morillon, Raphael; Ollitrault, Patrick (2011).
579:
to provide greater protection from harmful frosts, and have continued to the present day. The Becnel family are the largest growers of
Louisiana citrus.
1013:
Tokurou
Shimizu, Yasuhiro Tanizawa, Takako Mochizuki, Hideki Nagasaki, Terutaka Yoshioka, Atsushi Toyoda, Asao Fujiyama, Eli Kaminuma, Yasukazu Nakamura
1038:
3503:
3418:
3223:
975:
3431:
3236:
1008:
1289:
1389:
320:, and in Japan, three cultivars, namely miyagawa wase, okitsu wase, and aoshima unshu, account for nearly half of the production volume of
1481:"Assessing genetic diversity and population structure in a citrus germplasm collection utilizing simple sequence repeat markers (SSRS)"
475:, unshius are considered to be a group of mandarin varieties. Genetic analysis has shown the Satsuma to be a highly inbred mandarin-
3513:
937:
1651:
898:
634:
is amongst others grown in Japan, Spain, central China, Korea, the US, South Africa, South
America, New Zealand, and around the
3444:
3262:
788:
1455:
402:
347:
845:
576:
394:
339:
828:
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brought the fruit from Asia to North America in the 18th century, starting groves in the Jesuit Plantation upriver from
495:
31:
3145:
3132:
3457:
3337:
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2956:
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1516:
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595:
3462:
1888:
376:
74:
3342:
507:
791:[Food situation in Japan and the world. How did the scene of eating mikan at a kotatsu come about?].
582:
The fruit became much more common in the United States starting in the late 19th century. In 1878 during the
3508:
2946:
2926:
2883:
2855:
1873:
1048:
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208:
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2128:
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976:"Parental diagnosis of satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) revealed by nuclear and cytoplasmic markers"
568:
42:
3150:
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1616:
863:
3019:
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2646:
2641:
2258:
1593:
983:
438:
191:
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3241:
1418:
1251:
1193:"Hybrid Origins of Citrus Varieties Inferred from DNA Marker Analysis of Nuclear and Organelle Genomes"
888:"Hybrid Origins of Citrus Varieties Inferred from DNA Marker Analysis of Nuclear and Organelle Genomes"
3290:
3184:
2749:
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1644:
1621:
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2208:
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1783:
1722:
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1171:
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615:
69:
526:
is one of the sweetest citrus varieties. It is usually seedless, and is about the size of other
3311:
3158:
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2936:
2863:
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3316:
1279:
1087:"New universal mitochondrial PCR markers reveal new information on maternal citrus phylogeny"
765:
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2018:
1968:
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1702:
1677:
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871:
848:[The Origin and the Development-Process of "Kisyu Arida Mikan (Arida Mandarin)"].
725:
680:
650:
527:
515:
500:
472:
468:
460:
410:
112:
61:
795:(in Japanese). Japan Business Press Co., Ltd. February 1, 2019. p. 3. Archived from
3329:
1208:
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1983:
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483:
by Tanaka) was crossed with a pomelo or pomelo hybrid, then the resulting cultivar was
442:
379:
of the characters used in Chinese). In both languages, the name means "honey citrus of
99:
3492:
2868:
2565:
2349:
2301:
2168:
2098:
1973:
1928:
1808:
1733:
1707:
1175:
286:
1126:
1110:
980:
Hiroshi Fujii, Satoshi Ohta, Keisuke Nonaka, Yuichi Katayose, Toshimi Matsumoto, etc
796:
3475:
3378:
2941:
2893:
2779:
2774:
2657:
2511:
2501:
2321:
2133:
1943:
1858:
1818:
1751:
1512:
583:
252:
38:
3163:
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594:, Japan, by Anna Van Valkenburgh, the spouse of the US Minister to Japan, General
591:
3409:
1217:
857:
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2805:
2516:
2484:
2359:
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2008:
1833:
1793:
1692:
739:
666:
240:
1584:
17:
2830:
2113:
1918:
1913:
1853:
1823:
1813:
1741:
1496:
1278:
Silvia Bautista-Baños; Gianfranco Romanazzi; Antonio Jiménez-Aparicio (2016).
1102:
671:
236:
148:
3123:
2278:
3197:
2496:
2238:
2198:
2123:
1963:
1848:
1803:
1465:
635:
572:
484:
428:
313:
3355:
2744:
1504:
1236:
1167:
3303:
1559:
Kuniaki Sugawara; Atsushi Oowada; Takaya Moriguchi1; Mitsuo Omura (1995).
3403:
3350:
3117:
3029:
2835:
2815:
2810:
2784:
2764:
2526:
2506:
2420:
2415:
2183:
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1843:
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1775:
692:
675:
384:
158:
125:
1158:
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2430:
2407:
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2213:
2178:
2053:
1903:
1868:
1828:
1697:
1669:
717:
599:
539:
380:
266:
243:
were more popular because there was a popular superstition that eating
3254:
2820:
2293:
2243:
2193:
2163:
2153:
2143:
2033:
2013:
2003:
1978:
1958:
1953:
1933:
1908:
1863:
1717:
1682:
1660:
744:
712:
476:
224:
168:
138:
3449:
3094:
1346:. University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
1086:
424:
in Japan, from which these fruits were first exported to the West.
3267:
3202:
1746:
1343:
514:
506:
494:
285:
after the place name of Nishi-Nakajima in Amakusa District of the
86:
3189:
2283:
3098:
1633:
1450:(2nd ed.). Norwich, England: Sinclair International Ltd.
3040:
University of California, Riverside Citrus Variety Collection
511:
Satsuma orange trees in Izunokuni, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan
273:
in China, in the late Edo period of Japan. Before the name
251:
became popular in Japan after modernization started in the
1479:
Barkley, NA; Roose, ML; Krueger, RR; Federici, CT (2006).
586:, Owari mikans were brought to the United States from the
1629:
1448:
Citrus varieties of the world : an illustrated guide
1281:
Chitosan in the Preservation of Agricultural Commodities
37:"Mikan" redirects here. For the basketball player, see
1009:"The genome sequence of Satsuma mandarin was unveiled"
355:
1125:
Frederick G.; Rokhsar, Daniel; Talon, Manuel (2018).
388:
333:
3389:
3107:
2975:
2909:
2854:
2793:
2732:
2700:
2655:
2626:
2574:
2552:
2539:
2480:
2439:
2429:
2406:
2378:
2340:
2292:
1772:
1731:
1667:
1045:
National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
487:with another Huanglingmiao or kishumikan mandarin.
446:
3035:University of California Citrus Experiment Station
866:has concluded the place of origin of Satsuma is
856:. University of Wakayama: 97–118. Archived from
247:without seeds made people prone to infertility.
897:. November 30, 2016. p. 50. Archived from
432:
387:province, China). An alternative Chinese name,
361:
30:"Naartjie" redirects here. For other uses, see
1342:Andersen, Peter C.; Ferguson, James J (2019).
368:
1645:
1617:The Satsuma Tangerine – University of Florida
8:
770:Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database
1598:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3095:
2549:
2436:
1652:
1638:
1630:
467:is considered a separate species from the
60:
49:
1583:
1371:""Orange Frost", a new cold hardy citrus"
1226:
1216:
1157:
1127:"Genomics of the origin and evolution of
824:
822:
820:
818:
255:. It was introduced to the West from the
1538:"Kinkoji unshiu mandarin (graft) hybrid
1365:
1363:
1361:
932:(2nd ed.). CRC Press. p. 437.
839:
837:
416:One of the English names for the fruit,
277:was established in Japan, it was called
756:
301:) and the paternal species is kunenbo (
1678:Australian and Papuan wild limes group
1591:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1003:
1001:
1548:. University of California Riverside.
1441:
1439:
1273:
1271:
1072:A dictionary of South African English
783:
781:
779:
618:were named after this fruit. By 1920
7:
3291:cafb2484-b18a-48b0-b40f-d8601536f9f7
3077:
954:"Japanese Mikan and Satsuma Oranges"
223:is a semi-seedless and easy-peeling
1344:"HS195/CH116: The Satsuma Mandarin"
1015:. February 20, 2018. Archived from
982:. November 30, 2016. Archived from
862:(After the many years of research,
3463:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77107643-1
25:
653:family. There are, however, some
316:have been developed based on the
3343:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772094-1
3076:
3065:
3064:
3053:
3052:
1485:Theoretical and Applied Genetics
1284:. Elsevier Science. p. 76.
789:"日本と世界の食事情「こたつでミカン」の光景はなぜ生まれたのか"
73:
3504:Fruits originating in East Asia
1400:from the original on 2012-01-17
844:Misaki, Akira (November 1999).
772:. The University of Melbourne.
441:. It came originally from the
406:
398:
351:
343:
269:, a famous production area of
1:
2317:Fingered citron/Buddha's hand
1625:– Texas Cooperative Extension
420:, is derived from the former
2755:Dried lime tea (noomi basra)
1252:"In Season: Satsuma Oranges"
1218:10.1371/journal.pone.0166969
929:Dictionary of Plant Breeding
649:varieties cluster among the
461:Tanaka classification system
32:Naartjie (clothing retailer)
1091:Tree Genetics & Genomes
447:
389:
362:
356:
334:
227:species, also known as the
3535:
1585:10.21273/HORTSCI.30.6.1276
1074:. Oxford University Press.
499:The dried peel is used in
36:
29:
3048:
2962:Johann Christoph Volkamer
2671:Orange-flowered oxanthera
2094:Myrtle-leaved orange tree
2084:Midknight Valencia Orange
1565:Chimeras by RAPD Markers"
1546:Citrus Variety Collection
1497:10.1007/s00122-006-0255-9
1103:10.1007/s11295-010-0314-x
764:Michel H. Porcher (ed.).
369:
197:
190:
70:Scientific classification
68:
59:
52:
3514:Medicinal plants of Asia
1039:
560:United States of America
2947:Walter Tennyson Swingle
2927:Lena B. Smithers Hughes
2618:Brown River finger lime
1070:Branford, Jean (1978).
926:Schlegel, Rolf (2009).
332:The unshiu is known as
2922:Robert Willard Hodgson
2613:Australian finger lime
2129:Palestinian sweet lime
2109:New Zealand grapefruit
1419:"Anna Van Valkenburgh"
1394:Publicbroadcasting.net
766:"Sorting Citrus names"
569:New Orleans, Louisiana
520:
512:
504:
433:
360:in Japan (or formally
43:Mikan (disambiguation)
41:. For other uses, see
27:Citrus fruit and plant
3020:List of citrus fruits
2593:Australian round lime
2259:Variegated pink lemon
1446:Saunt, James (2000).
1310:citrusvariety.ucr.edu
831:University of Florida
519:Satsuma orange fruits
518:
510:
498:
439:South African English
2676:Large-leaf oxanthera
2588:New Guinea wild lime
1540:Citrus neo-aurantium
868:Nagashima, Kagoshima
829:The Satsuma Mandarin
661:Possible non-hybrids
291:Nagashima, Kagoshima
2984:The Citrus Industry
2967:Herbert John Webber
2826:Orange flower water
2681:Wavy-leaf oxanthera
1879:Fairchild tangerine
1561:"Identification of
1388:WWNO (2009-10-03).
1209:2016PLoSO..1166969S
1159:10.1038/nature25447
1150:2018Natur.554..311W
799:on February 5, 2019
409:), means "seedless
403:traditional Chinese
348:traditional Chinese
3025:Mother Orange Tree
2687:Oxanthera brevipes
2647:Clymenia polyandra
2642:Clymenia platypoda
2603:Maiden's wild lime
2598:Russell River lime
2350:Cleopatra mandarin
2209:Smith Red Valencia
1929:Indian wild orange
720:is a kiyomi hybrid
616:Satsuma, Louisiana
577:Plaquemines Parish
521:
513:
505:
451:, meaning citrus.
395:simplified Chinese
340:simplified Chinese
259:of Japan in 1878.
3486:
3485:
3312:Open Tree of Life
3101:Taxon identifiers
3092:
3091:
3005:Cold-hardy citrus
2990:Citrus production
2724:Trifoliate orange
2696:
2695:
2664:
2635:
2581:
2559:
2535:
2534:
2447:Hong Kong kumquat
2393:Mountain "citron"
2370:Willowleaf orange
2119:Orangelo/Chironja
2064:Melanesian papeda
1884:Florentine citron
1765:
1291:978-0-12-802757-8
1144:(7692): 311–316.
904:on April 26, 2019
549:trifoliate orange
545:citrus rootstocks
532:Citrus reticulata
233:Japanese mandarin
216:
215:
16:(Redirected from
3526:
3479:
3478:
3466:
3465:
3453:
3452:
3440:
3439:
3427:
3426:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3394:
3382:
3381:
3369:
3368:
3359:
3358:
3346:
3345:
3333:
3332:
3320:
3319:
3307:
3306:
3294:
3293:
3284:
3283:
3271:
3270:
3258:
3257:
3245:
3244:
3232:
3231:
3219:
3218:
3206:
3205:
3193:
3192:
3180:
3179:
3167:
3166:
3154:
3153:
3141:
3140:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3096:
3080:
3079:
3068:
3067:
3056:
3055:
2995:Citrus rootstock
2952:Chōzaburō Tanaka
2910:Citrus botanists
2760:Grapefruit juice
2662:
2633:
2608:Mount White lime
2579:
2557:
2550:
2545:wild limes group
2481:Kumquat hybrids
2437:
2342:Mandarin oranges
2189:Satsuma mandarin
1949:Jamaican tangelo
1759:
1654:
1647:
1640:
1631:
1604:
1603:
1597:
1589:
1587:
1578:(6): 1276–1278.
1569:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1524:
1515:. Archived from
1491:(8): 1519–1531.
1476:
1470:
1469:
1443:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1430:
1423:geni_family_tree
1415:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1405:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1367:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1339:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1316:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1275:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1262:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1230:
1220:
1203:(11): e0166969.
1187:
1181:
1179:
1161:
1135:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1047:. Archived from
1035:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1019:on June 30, 2021
1005:
996:
995:
993:
991:
986:on June 30, 2021
972:
966:
965:
950:
944:
943:
923:
917:
916:
911:
909:
903:
892:
884:
878:
877:
846:"紀州有田みかんの起源と発達史"
841:
832:
826:
813:
812:
806:
804:
785:
774:
773:
761:
608:Satsuma, Florida
604:Satsuma, Alabama
588:Satsuma Province
571:(then a part of
528:mandarin oranges
450:
437:is also used in
436:
422:Satsuma Province
408:
400:
392:
377:Japanese reading
374:
372:
371:
365:
359:
354:) in China, and
353:
345:
337:
271:mandarin oranges
265:was named after
229:satsuma mandarin
203:
78:
77:
64:
50:
21:
3534:
3533:
3529:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3524:
3523:
3489:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3474:
3469:
3461:
3456:
3448:
3443:
3435:
3430:
3422:
3417:
3408:
3407:
3402:
3392:
3391:Citrus nobilis
3385:
3377:
3372:
3364:
3362:
3354:
3349:
3341:
3336:
3328:
3323:
3315:
3310:
3302:
3299:Observation.org
3297:
3289:
3287:
3279:
3274:
3266:
3261:
3253:
3248:
3240:
3235:
3227:
3222:
3214:
3209:
3201:
3196:
3188:
3183:
3175:
3170:
3162:
3157:
3149:
3144:
3136:
3131:
3122:
3121:
3116:
3103:
3093:
3088:
3044:
3015:Japanese citrus
3000:Citrus taxonomy
2971:
2957:Ikuro Takahashi
2932:David Mabberley
2905:
2850:
2801:Calcium citrate
2789:
2740:Calamansi juice
2728:
2706:
2704:
2692:
2663:(former genera)
2661:
2651:
2634:(former genera)
2632:
2622:
2580:(former genera)
2578:
2570:
2558:(former genera)
2556:
2544:
2542:
2531:
2488:Citrofortunella
2482:
2476:
2472:Malayan kumquat
2467:Jiangsu kumquat
2440:Kumquat species
2425:
2402:
2374:
2336:
2332:Yemenite citron
2327:Moroccan citron
2312:Diamante citron
2307:Corsican citron
2288:
2254:Valencia orange
2149:Ponderosa lemon
2019:Kobayashi mikan
1889:Forbidden fruit
1839:Cara cara navel
1799:Bergamot orange
1774:
1773:True and hybrid
1768:
1727:
1723:Ryukyu mandarin
1713:Mountain citron
1703:Mandarin orange
1663:
1658:
1613:
1608:
1607:
1590:
1567:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1522:
1520:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1458:
1445:
1444:
1437:
1428:
1426:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1403:
1401:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1369:
1368:
1359:
1349:
1347:
1341:
1340:
1323:
1314:
1312:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1292:
1277:
1276:
1269:
1260:
1258:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1133:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1054:
1052:
1051:on 26 July 2021
1043:(in Japanese).
1041:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1022:
1020:
1007:
1006:
999:
989:
987:
974:
973:
969:
952:
951:
947:
940:
925:
924:
920:
907:
905:
901:
890:
886:
885:
881:
872:chance seedling
870:. Satsuma is a
860:on 2002-07-01.
852:(in Japanese).
843:
842:
835:
827:
816:
802:
800:
787:
786:
777:
763:
762:
758:
753:
726:Kobayashi mikan
695:(pomelo hybrid)
689:
663:
644:
629:
602:. The towns of
596:Van Valkenburgh
562:
557:
501:Chinese cuisine
493:
491:Characteristics
457:
366:
330:
299:Citrus kinokuni
283:nagashima mikan
279:nakajima mikain
267:Unshu (Wenzhou)
212:
205:
199:
186:
72:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Satsuma (fruit)
15:
12:
11:
5:
3532:
3530:
3522:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3509:Japanese fruit
3506:
3501:
3491:
3490:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3476:wfo-0000608195
3467:
3454:
3441:
3428:
3415:
3399:
3397:
3387:
3386:
3384:
3383:
3379:wfo-0000608314
3370:
3360:
3347:
3334:
3321:
3308:
3295:
3285:
3272:
3259:
3246:
3233:
3220:
3207:
3194:
3181:
3168:
3155:
3142:
3129:
3113:
3111:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3086:
3074:
3062:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2979:
2977:
2976:Related topics
2973:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2937:Clément Rodier
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2917:Clara H. Hasse
2913:
2911:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2903:
2902:
2901:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2860:
2858:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2714:
2712:
2702:Related genera
2698:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2667:
2665:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2644:
2638:
2636:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2584:
2582:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2562:
2560:
2547:
2537:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2493:
2491:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2443:
2441:
2434:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2418:
2412:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2388:Celebes papeda
2384:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2346:
2344:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2298:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2274:Xã Đoài orange
2271:
2266:
2264:Volkamer lemon
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2139:Pixie mandarin
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2039:Lemonade fruit
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1999:Kinkoji unshiu
1996:
1991:
1986:
1984:Kawachi bankan
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1924:Imperial lemon
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1780:
1778:
1770:
1769:
1767:
1766:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1738:
1736:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1698:Kumquats group
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1674:
1672:
1665:
1664:
1659:
1657:
1656:
1649:
1642:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1619:
1612:
1611:External links
1609:
1606:
1605:
1551:
1529:
1471:
1456:
1435:
1410:
1380:
1357:
1321:
1297:
1290:
1267:
1250:Elisa Bosley.
1242:
1182:
1180:and Supplement
1116:
1077:
1062:
1030:
997:
967:
945:
938:
918:
879:
833:
814:
775:
755:
754:
752:
749:
748:
747:
742:
737:
730:C. natsudaidai
723:
722:
721:
710:
699:Kinkoji unshiu
696:
688:
685:
684:
683:
678:
669:
662:
659:
643:
640:
628:
625:
620:Jackson County
612:Satsuma, Texas
561:
558:
556:
553:
492:
489:
473:Swingle system
456:
455:Classification
453:
329:
326:
303:Citrus nobilis
257:Satsuma region
214:
213:
207:(Yu.Tanaka ex
206:
195:
194:
188:
187:
183:C. unshiu
180:
178:
174:
173:
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
146:
142:
141:
136:
129:
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123:
116:
115:
110:
103:
102:
97:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
65:
57:
56:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3531:
3520:
3519:Chinese fruit
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3477:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3459:
3455:
3451:
3446:
3442:
3438:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3420:
3416:
3411:
3405:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3396:
3388:
3380:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3361:
3357:
3352:
3348:
3344:
3339:
3335:
3331:
3326:
3322:
3318:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3286:
3282:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3251:
3247:
3243:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3212:
3208:
3204:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3173:
3169:
3165:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3134:
3130:
3125:
3119:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3109:Citrus unshiu
3106:
3102:
3097:
3085:
3084:
3075:
3073:
3072:
3063:
3061:
3060:
3051:
3050:
3047:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2981:
2980:
2978:
2974:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2908:
2900:
2897:
2896:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2853:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2792:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2731:
2725:
2721:
2720:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2703:
2699:
2689:
2688:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2660:
2659:
2654:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2625:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2577:
2573:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2555:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2538:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2479:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2462:Round kumquat
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2452:Meiwa kumquat
2450:
2448:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2428:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2405:
2399:
2398:Ichang papeda
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2339:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2302:Balady citron
2300:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2291:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2229:Sweet limetta
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2169:Rhobs el Arsa
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2099:Nagpur orange
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2044:Limón de Pica
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1809:Bitter orange
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1771:
1763:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1730:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1708:Mangshanyegan
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1688:Ichang papeda
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1666:
1662:
1655:
1650:
1648:
1643:
1641:
1636:
1635:
1632:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1610:
1601:
1595:
1586:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1566:
1564:
1555:
1552:
1547:
1543:
1541:
1533:
1530:
1519:on 2021-03-09
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1475:
1472:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1453:
1449:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1424:
1420:
1414:
1411:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1384:
1381:
1376:
1372:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1345:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1311:
1307:
1301:
1298:
1293:
1287:
1283:
1282:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1257:
1253:
1246:
1243:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1186:
1183:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1132:
1130:
1120:
1117:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1081:
1078:
1073:
1066:
1063:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1034:
1031:
1018:
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632:Citrus unshiu
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481:C. reticulata
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465:Citrus unshiu
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335:wēnzhōu mìgān
327:
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322:Citrus unshiu
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318:Citrus unshiu
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296:
295:Citrus unshiu
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287:Higo Province
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263:Citrus unshiu
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249:Citrus unshiu
246:
245:Citrus unshiu
242:
238:
235:. During the
234:
230:
226:
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220:Citrus unshiu
210:
204:
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201:Citrus unshiu
196:
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192:Binomial name
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54:Citrus unshiu
51:
48:
44:
40:
33:
19:
3390:
3108:
3081:
3069:
3057:
2982:
2942:Robert Soost
2894:Phytophthora
2874:CTV/Tristeza
2780:Yuja-hwachae
2775:Orange juice
2717:
2708:
2685:
2656:
2627:
2575:
2553:
2512:Mandarinquat
2502:Citrangequat
2457:Oval kumquat
2322:Greek citron
2188:
2134:Persian lime
1994:Khasi papeda
1944:Jaffa orange
1859:Coorg orange
1819:Blood orange
1762:sweet orange
1623:PLANTanswers
1622:
1594:cite journal
1575:
1571:
1562:
1554:
1545:
1539:
1532:
1521:. Retrieved
1517:the original
1488:
1484:
1474:
1447:
1427:. Retrieved
1422:
1413:
1402:. Retrieved
1393:
1383:
1375:PLANTanswers
1374:
1348:. Retrieved
1313:. Retrieved
1309:
1306:"frostowari"
1300:
1280:
1259:. Retrieved
1256:CookingLight
1255:
1245:
1200:
1196:
1185:
1141:
1137:
1128:
1119:
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1090:
1080:
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1049:the original
1040:温州ミカン品種別栽培面積
1033:
1021:. Retrieved
1017:the original
1012:
988:. Retrieved
984:the original
979:
970:
961:
957:
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894:
882:
861:
858:the original
853:
849:
808:
801:. Retrieved
797:the original
792:
769:
759:
733:
729:
706:
705:(kinkoji) ×
703:C. obovoidea
702:
646:
645:
631:
630:
627:Distribution
584:Meiji period
581:
563:
536:
531:
523:
522:
480:
471:. Under the
464:
458:
426:
417:
415:
331:
328:Nomenclature
321:
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311:
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298:
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282:
278:
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262:
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253:Meiji period
248:
244:
241:kishu mikans
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200:
198:
182:
181:
169:
132:
119:
106:
93:
53:
47:
39:George Mikan
3330:kew-2724413
3250:iNaturalist
3010:Hesperidium
2806:Citric acid
2576:Microcitrus
2566:Desert lime
2554:Eromocitrus
2517:Procimequat
2360:Nanfengmiju
2269:Winged lime
2249:Tsunonozomi
2224:Sweet lemon
2219:Suruga yuko
2204:Shonan Gold
2174:Rough lemon
2074:Meyer lemon
2009:Kishu mikan
1969:Kakadu lime
1894:Ginger lime
1794:Assam lemon
1693:Kaffir lime
1572:HortScience
1350:29 December
1239:. e0166969.
793:Narumi Sato
740:Shonan Gold
667:Kishu mikan
485:backcrossed
363:unshū mikan
305:Lour. var.
275:unshu mikan
113:Angiosperms
3493:Categories
3450:77107643-1
3325:Plant List
3071:Production
2864:Black spot
2831:Orange oil
2543:and Papuan
2541:Australian
1919:Hyuganatsu
1914:Heen naran
1854:Clementine
1824:Byeonggyul
1814:Blood lime
1742:Grapefruit
1523:2018-12-29
1457:1872960014
1429:2023-12-14
1404:2009-12-06
1390:"Satsumas"
1315:2020-04-23
1261:2015-02-25
958:hawaii.edu
864:Dr. Tanaka
751:References
547:, such as
459:Under the
297:is kishu (
239:of Japan,
237:Edo period
149:Sapindales
3410:Q85213368
3216:242412687
2899:citricola
2889:Mal secco
2879:Exocortis
2707:properly
2658:Oxanthera
2497:Calamansi
2365:Tachibana
2239:Tangerine
2199:Shangjuan
2124:Oroblanco
2079:Micrantha
1964:Kaji Nemu
1849:Citrumelo
1804:Bizzarria
1776:cultivars
1176:205263645
1097:: 49–61.
707:C. unshiu
642:Varieties
636:Black Sea
573:New Spain
429:Afrikaans
314:cultivars
211:) Marcow.
177:Species:
83:Kingdom:
3404:Wikidata
3356:28101459
3351:Tropicos
3268:772094-1
3118:Wikidata
3059:Category
3030:Orangery
2884:Greening
2856:Diseases
2836:Orangeat
2816:Limonene
2811:Lemonene
2794:Products
2785:Yuja tea
2765:Lemonade
2719:Poncirus
2705:(perhaps
2629:Clymenia
2527:Yuzuquat
2507:Limequat
2431:Kumquats
2421:Dangyuja
2416:Banpeiyu
2355:Shīkwāsā
2184:Sanbokan
2104:Nasnaran
2069:Melogold
1989:Key lime
1844:Citrange
1834:Cam sành
1789:Amanatsu
1505:16699791
1466:45130256
1398:Archived
1237:27902727
1197:PLOS ONE
1168:29414943
1111:32371305
1023:June 30,
990:June 30,
908:June 30,
803:June 30,
734:C.unshiu
693:Amanatsu
676:Ki-mikan
651:mandarin
469:mandarin
434:naartjie
411:mandarin
385:Zhejiang
312:Various
159:Rutaceae
155:Family:
126:Eudicots
3424:6711593
3366:5830286
3317:1011450
3229:3837471
3190:5619916
3172:Ecocrop
3124:Q875262
3083:Commons
2841:Succade
2770:Limeade
2750:Curaçao
2522:Sunquat
2408:Pomelos
2380:Papedas
2294:Citrons
2234:Tangelo
2214:Sudachi
2179:Samuyao
2159:Rangpur
2114:Ōgonkan
2089:Murcott
2059:Mandora
2054:Mandelo
2029:Komikan
1904:Hassaku
1869:Dekopon
1829:Biasong
1734:hybrids
1670:species
1513:7667126
1228:5130255
1205:Bibcode
1146:Bibcode
875:Mikan.)
718:Dekopon
687:Hybrids
681:Komikan
672:Ōgonkan
655:hybrids
600:Florida
565:Jesuits
555:History
540:kumquat
418:satsuma
390:wúhé jú
381:Wenzhou
289:(later
209:Swingle
165:Genus:
145:Order:
87:Plantae
3499:Citrus
3395:unshiu
3363:uBio:
3304:149185
3288:NZOR:
3255:346627
3151:437751
3138:434919
2869:Canker
2821:Neroli
2745:Chūhai
2733:Drinks
2709:Citrus
2244:Tangor
2194:Setoka
2164:Reikou
2154:Ponkan
2144:Pompia
2034:Laraha
2014:Kiyomi
2004:Kinnow
1979:Kanpei
1959:Kabosu
1954:Kabbad
1939:Jabara
1934:Iyokan
1909:Hebesu
1899:Haruka
1874:Encore
1864:Daidai
1784:Alemow
1757:Orange
1732:Major
1718:Pomelo
1683:Citron
1661:Citrus
1563:Citrus
1511:
1503:
1464:
1454:
1425:. 1827
1288:
1235:
1225:
1174:
1166:
1138:Nature
1129:Citrus
1109:
1055:23 May
963:unshu.
936:
745:Iyokan
713:Kiyomi
647:Unshiu
614:, and
592:Kyūshū
477:pomelo
448:nartei
405::
397::
375:, the
350::
342::
225:citrus
170:Citrus
139:Rosids
3437:10762
3281:55188
3242:10793
3203:CIDUN
2433:group
2049:Lumia
1974:Kalpi
1747:Lemon
1668:True
1568:(PDF)
1509:S2CID
1172:S2CID
1134:(PDF)
1107:S2CID
902:(PDF)
891:(PDF)
850:経済理論
445:word
443:Tamil
431:name
357:mikan
307:kunip
133:Clade
120:Clade
107:Clade
94:Clade
3458:POWO
3445:IPNI
3432:GRIN
3419:GBIF
3393:var.
3338:POWO
3276:NCBI
3263:IPNI
3237:GRIN
3224:GBIF
3198:EPPO
3177:4646
3164:VMMN
3146:BOLD
3133:APNI
2846:Zest
2284:Yuzu
2279:Yūkō
2024:Koji
1752:Lime
1600:link
1501:PMID
1462:OCLC
1452:ISBN
1352:2020
1286:ISBN
1233:PMID
1164:PMID
1057:2023
1025:2021
992:2021
934:ISBN
910:2021
805:2021
427:The
370:温州蜜柑
352:溫州蜜柑
344:温州蜜柑
3471:WFO
3374:WFO
3211:FNA
3185:EoL
3159:CoL
1580:doi
1493:doi
1489:112
1223:PMC
1213:doi
1154:doi
1142:554
1099:doi
854:292
674:or
590:in
413:".
407:無核橘
399:无核橘
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