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winery, its wines were classified as
Premier Cru Supérieur. No other winery in the Bordeaux wine area, whether red or sweet, has received the classification of Supérieur. Currently, there are eleven Premiers Crus and fifteen Deuxièmes Crus wineries. The commune of Barsac has the most cataloged wineries with ten, followed by Bommes and Sauternes with six each, Fargues with three and Preignac with two.
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can resonate on the palate for several minutes. Sauternes are some of the longest-lived wines, with premium examples from exceptional vintages properly kept having the potential to age well even beyond 100 years. A Sauternes typically starts out with a golden, yellow color that becomes progressively
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Among the outstanding wineries in the
Sauternes region, it is worth mentioning the Château d'Yquem, the Guiraud, the Filhot, the Rayne-Vigneau, the Climens, the Coutet, and La Tour Blanche. In addition to the classified wines, there are numerous unclassified Sauternes-Barsac designation of origin
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that stimulates fermentation, eventually bringing it to a halt with high levels of sugars still in the wine. The Dutch began to identify areas that could produce grapes well suited for white wine production, and soon homed in on the area of
Sauternes. The wine produced from this area was known as
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Unlike the red wines of the Médoc, which received five degrees (from
Premier Cru to Cinquième Cru), the Sauternes and Barsac wines were classified in two: Premiers Crus and Deuxièmes Crus. In order to recognize the special prestige and extremely high price of the wines from the Château d'Yquem
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Wine areas close to
Sauternes, such as Cérons, Loupiac and Cadillac (and the further Monbazillac area) also tend to produce sweet botrified-style wines under their own appellation of origin, although these wines are considered to be of much lower quality than those from Sauternes.
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a secret. There are records from the 17th century that by
October, Sémillon grapes were known to be infected by rot and vineyard workers had to separate rotted and clean berries, but they are incomplete in regard to whether the rotted grapes were used in
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wineries, such as Château de
Villefranche or Château Cantegril. Many wineries also carry second brands of inferior wines, usually with names based on the château, such as La Chartreuse de Coutet (from Coutet), or Petit Vedrines (from Doisy-Védrines).
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dipped in the sulphur and burned in the barrel that the wine will be fermenting in. This would leave a presence of sulphur in the barrel that the wine would slowly interact with as it was fermenting. Being an anti-microbial agent, sulphur stuns the
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increased. The Dutch saw an opportunity for a new production source in
Bordeaux and began investing in the planting of white grape varieties. They introduced to the region German white wine making techniques, such as halting
381:; currently more Barsac producers are choosing to promote the wines under their own name. In years when the noble rot does not develop, Sauternes producers will often make dry white wines under the generic
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region of
Hungary was well known. It seems that at this point the "unspoken secret" was more widely accepted and the reputation of Sauternes rose to rival those of the German and
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lies within
Sauternes and is entitled to use either name. Somewhat similar but less expensive and typically less-distinguished wines are produced in the neighboring regions of
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and pass a tasting exam where the wines need to taste noticeably sweet. There is no regulation on the exact amount of residual sugar that the wines need to have.
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which has cooler waters than the Garonne. In the autumn, when the climate is warm and dry, the different temperatures from the two rivers meet to produce
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has suggested that the unappealing thought of drinking wine made from fungus-infested grapes may have caused Sauternes producers to keep the use of
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369:. While all five communes are permitted to use the name Sauternes, the Barsac region is also permitted to label their wines under the Barsac
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but with a nutty note, which is a typical characteristic of noble Sémillon itself (cf. Australian noble (late-harvest) Sémillon). The
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373:. The Barsac region is located on the west bank of the Ciron river, where the tributary meets the Garonne. The area sits on an
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fungus. By midday, the warm sun will help dissipate the mist and dry the grapes to keep them from developing less favorable rot.
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where infection with noble rot is a frequent occurrence. Even so, production is a hit-or-miss proposition, with widely varying
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plain with sandy and limy soils. In general, Barsac wine is distinguished from other Sauternes in being drier with a lighter
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and rains that can ruin an entire vintage. The Sauternes region is located 40 km (25 mi) southeast of the city of
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traders of the 17th century who first developed an interest in white wine. For years, they were active in the trade of
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Sauternes are characterized by the balance of sweetness with the zest of acidity. Some common flavor notes include
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at 10 °C (50 °F), but wines older than 15 years are often served a few degrees warmer. Sauternes can be
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dessert wines. By the end of the 18th century, the region's reputation for Sauternes was internationally known:
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that descends upon the vineyards from evening to late morning. This condition promotes the development of the
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began to wane in the 17th century as the German lands were affected by conflict (particularly the
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darker as it ages. Some wine experts believe that only once the wine reaches the color of an old
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was an avid connoisseur. Jefferson recorded that after tasting a sample of Château d'Yquem while
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A 1999 Sauternes from La Tour Blanche. This winery was classed Premier Cru in 1855
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coin has it started to develop its more complex and mature flavors.
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683:, Vervuert Verlagsgesellschaft, pp. 21–28, 31 December 2008,
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Like most of the Bordeaux wine region, the Sauternes region has a
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though larger bottles are also produced. The wines are typically
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production, however, dates only to the 17th century. While the
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Third Edition, pp. 611-612. Oxford University Press 2006
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722:. London: Cassell & Company Ltd. pp. 562–563.
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had been the region's primary export market since the
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720:Alexis Lichine's Encyclopedia of Wines and Spirits
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233:levels. One of these techniques involved taking a
196:in medieval times and eventually shifting to red
116:to vintage. Wines from Sauternes, especially the
36:A half bottle of Sauternes from Château d'Yquem
152:without the "s" at the end and uncapitalized.
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681:El viaje en la literatura hispanoamericana
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351:The Sauternes wine region comprises five
237:(known as a "brimstone candle") with its
172:is believed to have been introduced into
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1717:Clarification and stabilization of wine
531:, pp. 185-188. Simon and Schuster 1989
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486:E. McCarthy & M. Ewing-Mulligan:
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7:
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144:. In the United States, there is a
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801:Annual growth cycle of grapevines
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331:. The source of the Ciron is a
27:French sweet wine from Bordeaux
600:"The Oxford Companion to Wine"
579:"The Oxford Companion to Wine"
104:, Sauternes is one of the few
71:. Sauternes wine is made from
1:
1743:Glossary of viticulture terms
661:: CS1 maint: date and year (
1748:Glossary of winemaking terms
626:The Oxford companion to wine
677:"Viaje hacia ninguna parte"
441:Most Sauternes are sold in
216:) and as the popularity of
180:. The earliest evidence of
86:that have been affected by
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1668:Yeast assimilable nitrogen
689:10.31819/9783964565976-002
629:(3rd ed.). New York:
553:Vintage: The Story of Wine
529:Vintage: The Story of Wine
509:Oxford Companion to Wine.
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1758:History of the wine press
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623:Robinson, Jancis (2006).
488:"French Wine for Dummies"
457:with a variety of foods.
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1403:Phenolic content in wine
1295:Alternative wine closure
879:Great French Wine Blight
718:Lichine, Alexis (1967).
299:The village of Sauternes
1643:Malolactic fermentation
631:Oxford University Press
413:Foie gras and Sauternes
61:region of the same name
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405:Wine style and serving
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357:— Barsac, Sauternes,
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291:Climate and geography
229:in order to maintain
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118:Premier Cru Supérieur
45:French pronunciation:
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1880:Languedoc-Roussillon
1095:Muscat of Alexandria
517:on 10 February 2012.
461:is a classic match.
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249:vins liquoreux
231:residual sugar
157:
154:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2468:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2446:Bordeaux AOCs
2444:
2443:
2441:
2431:
2421:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2405:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2354:South America
2352:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2331:
2325:
2324:United States
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2307:North America
2305:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2203:Liechtenstein
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2114:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2003:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1941:
1936:
1934:
1929:
1927:
1922:
1921:
1918:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1839:
1835:
1828:
1823:
1821:
1816:
1814:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1775:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1680:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1542:
1537:
1535:
1530:
1528:
1523:
1522:
1519:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1420:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1398:Acids in wine
1396:
1394:
1393:Aroma of wine
1391:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1282:
1277:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1257:Major regions
1254:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1213:Montepulciano
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
980:
978:
977:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
943:
942:
939:
938:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
911:
909:
905:
897:
894:
893:
892:
889:
887:
884:
880:
877:
876:
875:
872:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
844:
842:
841:
839:
837:
833:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
798:
796:
794:
790:
786:
779:
774:
772:
767:
765:
760:
759:
756:
750:
746:
742:
737:
730:
721:
714:
711:
700:
698:9783964565976
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
672:
669:
664:
658:
650:
646:
642:
640:0-19-860990-6
636:
632:
628:
627:
619:
617:
613:
609:
608:0-19-860990-6
605:
601:
595:
592:
588:
587:0-19-860990-6
584:
580:
574:
572:
570:
566:
562:
561:0-671-68702-6
558:
554:
548:
546:
542:
538:
537:0-671-68702-6
534:
530:
524:
521:
516:
512:
504:
501:
497:
496:0-7645-5354-2
493:
489:
483:
481:
479:
477:
475:
471:
464:
462:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
439:
437:
432:
428:
424:
420:
411:
404:
402:
398:
394:
390:
388:
387:alcohol level
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
355:
346:
344:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
297:
290:
288:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
261:
257:
252:
250:
245:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
200:. It was the
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
162:
155:
153:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
90:
85:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
55:
50:
42:
34:
30:
19:
18:Sauternes AOC
2456:Dessert wine
1986:South Africa
1885:Loire Valley
1778:
1635:Fermentation
1486:
1469:Wine tasting
1090:Muscat blanc
1060:Chenin blanc
857:Ancient Rome
719:
713:
702:, retrieved
680:
671:
625:
599:
594:
578:
552:
551:H. Johnson:
528:
527:H. Johnson:
523:
515:the original
503:
487:
443:half bottles
440:
416:
399:
395:
391:
383:Bordeaux AOC
352:
350:
347:Wine regions
340:
302:
259:
256:Hugh Johnson
254:Wine expert
253:
248:
223:fermentation
206:German wines
167:
149:
146:semi-generic
117:
106:wine regions
87:
67:section in
40:
39:
29:
2345:New Zealand
2288:Switzerland
2233:Netherlands
2082:Philippines
1834:French wine
1738:Wine bottle
1710:Other steps
1701:Wine cellar
1658:Süssreserve
1350:Wine cellar
1340:Wine bottle
1281:accessories
1279:Packaging,
1238:Tempranillo
867:Noah's wine
847:Phoenicians
793:Viticulture
371:appellation
190:Middle Ages
170:viticulture
130:Monbazillac
2440:Categories
2258:San Marino
2223:Montenegro
2208:Luxembourg
2062:Kazakhstan
2022:Azerbaijan
1850:Beaujolais
1617:Maceration
1607:Wine press
1597:Destemming
1548:Winemaking
1454:Wine fraud
1449:Wine fault
1434:Oenophilia
1370:Wine label
1365:Wine glass
1330:Port tongs
1228:Sangiovese
1223:Pinot noir
1183:Douce noir
1110:Rkatsiteli
1055:Chardonnay
1045:Catarratto
1019:by acreage
993:Biodynamic
956:Aromatized
745:winemaking
465:References
319:along the
265:winemaking
182:sweet wine
81:muscadelle
57:sweet wine
2361:Argentina
2340:Australia
2077:Palestine
1865:Champagne
1569:Noble rot
1459:Winemaker
1439:Sommelier
1375:Wine rack
1355:Wine cork
1345:Wine cave
1335:Screw cap
1305:Corkscrew
1270:New World
1265:Old World
1243:Zinfandel
1218:Mourvèdre
1125:Trebbiano
1065:Colombard
966:Noble rot
946:Fortified
924:Sparkling
891:New World
657:cite book
459:Foie gras
325:tributary
281:President
273:Hungarian
174:Aquitania
94:noble rot
59:from the
41:Sauternes
2381:Paraguay
2273:Slovenia
2268:Slovakia
2243:Portugal
2143:Bulgaria
2097:Thailand
2012:Abkhazia
1991:Tanzania
1971:Ethiopia
1890:Provence
1860:Burgundy
1855:Bordeaux
1584:Pressing
1506:Glossary
1422:Industry
1315:Jug wine
1310:Decanter
1300:Box wine
1198:Isabella
1193:Grenache
1173:Carignan
1120:Sémillon
1105:Riesling
1100:Palomino
843:Ancient
826:Vineyard
821:Veraison
806:Oenology
649:70699042
511:"Claret"
419:apricots
375:alluvial
367:Preignac
354:communes
317:Bordeaux
260:Botrytis
150:sauterne
142:Cadillac
110:harvests
98:raisined
73:Sémillon
69:Bordeaux
2404:Portals
2391:Uruguay
2366:Bolivia
2333:Oceania
2293:Ukraine
2248:Romania
2218:Moldova
2193:Ireland
2188:Hungary
2178:Germany
2173:Georgia
2163:Denmark
2148:Croatia
2133:Belgium
2128:Austria
2123:Albania
2107:Vietnam
2067:Lebanon
2017:Armenia
1996:Tunisia
1981:Namibia
1976:Morocco
1961:Algeria
1870:Corsica
1768:Terroir
1726:Related
1574:Vintage
1556:Harvest
1501:Outline
1325:Muselet
1287:storage
1178:Cinsaut
1153:Barbera
1080:Macabeo
1040:Aligoté
998:Organic
988:Natural
941:Dessert
886:Georgia
836:History
816:Terroir
811:Species
445:of 375
427:peaches
363:Fargues
321:Garonne
227:sulphur
210:Germany
194:clairet
186:English
176:by the
156:History
138:Loupiac
120:estate
114:vintage
102:climate
63:in the
52:) is a
2430:France
2371:Brazil
2319:Mexico
2314:Canada
2283:Sweden
2263:Serbia
2253:Russia
2238:Poland
2183:Greece
2168:France
2153:Cyprus
2116:Europe
2102:Turkey
2092:Taiwan
2057:Jordan
2047:Israel
2027:Bhutan
1954:Africa
1845:Alsace
1733:Winery
1696:Solera
1320:Kvevri
1208:Merlot
1203:Malbec
1003:Kosher
979:Other
934:Orange
907:Styles
874:France
704:19 May
695:
647:
637:
606:
585:
559:
535:
494:
455:paired
436:copper
431:finish
359:Bommes
333:spring
327:, the
269:Tokaji
235:candle
198:claret
178:Romans
134:Cérons
126:Barsac
84:grapes
79:, and
65:Graves
54:French
2376:Chile
2278:Spain
2213:Malta
2198:Italy
2087:Syria
2072:Nepal
2052:Japan
2037:India
2032:China
1966:Egypt
1900:Savoy
1895:Rhône
1683:Aging
1233:Syrah
1188:Gamay
1158:Bobal
1070:Glera
1035:Airén
1027:White
983:Table
971:Straw
961:Fruit
919:White
862:China
741:Wines
423:honey
329:Ciron
309:frost
244:yeast
202:Dutch
112:from
2418:Wine
2386:Peru
2042:Iran
2005:Asia
1875:Jura
1285:and
1014:Top
929:Rosé
785:Wine
743:and
706:2022
693:ISBN
663:link
645:OCLC
635:ISBN
604:ISBN
583:ISBN
557:ISBN
533:ISBN
492:ISBN
379:body
365:and
337:mist
313:hail
239:wick
218:beer
140:and
1691:Oak
1140:Red
951:Ice
914:Red
685:doi
2442::
691:,
679:,
659:}}
655:{{
643:.
633:.
615:^
568:^
544:^
473:^
447:ml
425:,
421:,
361:,
311:,
283:,
136:,
132:,
75:,
2406::
1939:e
1932:t
1925:v
1826:e
1819:t
1812:v
1540:e
1533:t
1526:v
1283:,
777:e
770:t
763:v
687::
665:)
651:.
610:.
589:.
563:.
539:.
498:.
43:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
