1587:, sent a letter to Fadlallah's son lamenting the loss of his father. "The dear deceased was one of the nation's special and great figures, with his knowledge, grace, moderation, mediation, forgiveness and openness to others, in addition to his courageous stances regarding the nation's issues, especially towards the Palestinian issue and the Arab-Zionist struggle. His eminence was one of the greatest symbols and scholars defending the choice of resistance and Jihad against the occupation, in support of the Palestinian strife and our people's right to freedom, liberty and liberation." An Hamas delegation from Gaza headed by Marwan Abu Ras was also present at the funerary services.
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ways. If suicide attacks are the last instance of self-defence, in
Fadlallah's view this is justified even though they are directed against the civilian population. For Fadlallah, Israel is the aggressor against whom one may defend oneself in any way due to Israel's strong superiority. Fadlalla argues that the West acts similarly and that the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki is an example of how desperation justifies the use of weapons that are usually not considered normal in warfare. He also issued many fatwas and opinions that courted controversy, for which he was condemned and not supported by other eminent Islamic scholars.This including a representative of
424:. "In his book Woodward portrays Casey as a wily and aggressive director who made the CIA his personal instrument of foreign policy. In early 1985 Woodward reports, Casey went "off the books" to enlist Saudi help in carrying out three covert operations. One was the attempted assassination of Sheik Fadlallah, who had been linked to the bombings in Beirut. After that plot failed, Woodward writes, the Saudis offered Fadlallah a $ 2 million bribe to cease his terrorist attacks. He accepted, and the attacks stopped. Woodward's account of the incident was denied last week by the Saudi press agency and by Fadlallah's office." Former Lebanese warlord and statesman late
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funeral procession. Delegations included representatives from Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Syria and Iran. The
Spokesman of Hezbollah, Ibrahim Mousawi, also came with a statement after his death saying "We're talking about a great loss, actually, not just to Hezbollah but to the Islamic Community, and to the Arab World. He has always spread the message of tolerance, of openness, of transparency and of dialogue".
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religious institutions as he was 'above' politics. Hizbollah has also rejected this statement, claiming that
Ayatollah Khomeini was their source of spiritual and political guidance, especially with regards to their resistance against injustice and occupation from Western powers. Fadlallah even chose to separate himself from the Iranian revolution, however he had a similar anti-west stance.
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1397:. The fatwa reaffirms the rights of women, both at their workplace and at home, and states that Islam forbids men from exercising any form of violence against women and forbids men from depriving women of their legal rights. In his words "physical violence in which women are beaten, proves that these men are weak, for only the weak are in need of unjust violence". He also issued
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education and gain more scientific knowledge. If we do not make the best of our time now, we will not be able to build our future or develop in the future." In addition to the academic work that
Fadlallah did, he also opened up schools like the Imam Ali Bin Abi Talib school in South Lebanon, Islamic centres like the large Islamic Center in Beirut, and
1467:'s calling to fight Israel and boycott American goods and ban normalizing of relations, and was a 'true supporter' of Islamic unity all over his life. In his last moments before his death, Sayyed Fadlullah was still preoccupied with the cause. He was asking about the dawn prayers and telling his nurse that he wouldn't rest before Israel's vanishing."
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connected to religious and political activism directed at fulfilling aims of Islam and
Hizbollah was central in the political field in Lebanon. Furthermore, Hizbollah's Vice Secretary General, Naim Qassem, has mentioned that Hizbollah, which was first fractions of different Islamic movements, were inspired by Fadlallah and his vision for the future.
1634:, also wrote: "I remember well, when I was nominated ambassador to Beirut, a Muslim acquaintance sought me out to tell me how lucky I was because I would get a chance to meet Sayyed Mohamad Hussein Fadlullah. Truly he was right...I usually avoid answering by referring to those I enjoy meeting the most and those that impress me the most."
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Fadlallah was known for his relatively liberal views on women, whom he saw as equal to men. He believed that women have just as much of a responsibility towards society as men do, and women should be role models for both men and women. Fadlallah also believed that women have the same exact ability as
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school. However, the Hawza school in Najaf focused exclusively on legal studies and his poetry was not well received. This did not stop him from continuing writing poetry and Najaf had a guiding school for poets called
Muntada al-Nashir which he joined later on. He also got support from his uncle who
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Poetry gave great inspiration to
Fadlallah from magazines such as al-Katib published in Egypt and already from a teenager, he began to write poetry himself. He also showed critical views towards the occupation of Palestine in 1947 by publishing a poem for the public by the age of 12. By that time, he
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Many scholars and media in the
Western and Arab world argued that Fadlallah was part of Hizbollah as they meant that the organization was heavily inspired by his ideas and guidance when they emerged and developed as a group. However, Fadlallah was never part of a political organization or any public
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saying she was "Sad to hear of the passing of Sayyed
Mohammed Hussein Fadlallah...One of Hezbollah's giants I respect a lot." Hezbollah condemned her dismissal. Robert Fisk criticised CNN for the firing saying "Poor old CNN goes on getting more cowardly by the hour. That's why no one cares about it
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The
Lebanese Communication Group, Al-Manar, came with a statement sharing Fadlallah's core views and said his followers "launched a school of beliefs and thoughts, a school that would always be committed to the main causes of Islam, from Jihad to Resistance, and face all foreign threats against the
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Fadlallah held controversial views regarding Islamic doctrine, as espoused in some of his works and speeches. Fadlallah was often criticised for his attitude towards Israel and suicide attacks or martyrdom. He stated that if you get attacked you should be allowed to defend yourself in all possible
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as saying that according to the CIA, those responsible for the bombing were "Lebanese intelligence personnel and other foreigners" who had been "undergoing CIA training" but that "this was not our operation and it was nothing we planned or knew about." "Alarmed U.S. officials subsequently canceled
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Fadallah had suffered from severe illness weeks before his death and got eventually hospitalized due to internal bleeding that had lasted for days. He was 74 years old and died on 4 July in Beirut. When the news were revealed about this death, many people gathered to show support and sorrow at the
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as something that makes a man see a woman not as a sex object, but instead as a human being. He believes, like all of his peers in the Islamic seminary that women should cover their entire body except for their face and hands, and that they should avoid wearing excessive makeup when they go out in
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exploded 9–45 metres from his house in Beirut, Lebanon. The blast destroyed a 7-story apartment building and a cinema, killed 80 people and wounded 256. The attack was timed to go off as worshippers were leaving Friday Prayers. Most of the dead were girls and women who had been leaving the mosque,
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nevertheless, Fadlallah and his political activism was at its peak. His views then was against Western powers such as Israel and United States but also conservative Arab regimes, specially against the monarchy of Saudi Arabia that allegedly tried to murder him while also killing several innocent
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party, called his death a major loss to the Islamic world adding that: "It will be hard to replace him". In Fadlallah's birthplace, however, his death was met with a chilly reception without banners or open displays of mourning as clergy in Najaf expressed discomfort over his legacy and liberal
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In Naba'a, Fadlallah began his work by organising cultural seminars and delivering religious speeches that discussed social issues as well. These social issues encompassed improving education and expertise among the population in Lebanon. Fadlallah was quoted as saying, "We have to improve our
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At his funeral, his supporters carried his body around Shia neighbourhoods in southern Beirut, then marched to the spot of his 1985 assassination attempt before returning to Imam Rida Mosque, where he was laid to rest. Thousands of mourners gathered at the mosque for prayer services before the
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Some scholars on the other hand, argues that Fadlallah had a clear relationship with Hizbullah. His ideas was inspired by religious thought but developed as a response to social and political struggles in the society and he believed in empowering Islamist movements. His thought and guidance is
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though the ferocity of the blast "burned babies in their beds," "killed a bride buying her trousseau," and "blew away three children as they walked home from the mosque." It also "devastated the main street of the densely populated" West Beirut suburb. but Fadlallah escaped injury. Journalist
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in the beginning and criticized US and Israel for their policies in the Middle East which he often mentioned in his prayer sermons. In 1995 the US branded him as a terrorist and got therefore blacklisted. His views towards the Iranian revolution and the cleric changed over the years as his
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Fadlallah began his education starting with learning the Quran and the alphabet in seminary classes in a Al-Kuttab School in Najaf, including basic skills of writing and reading. He later on began in a Islamic School in Najaf called Muntada al-Nashir which was recently formed at that time.
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His death was followed by a huge turnout in Lebanon, visits by virtually all major political figures across the Lebanese spectrum, and statements of condolence from across the greater Middle East region; but it also led to controversy in the West and a denunciation in Israel.
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I was not the one who launched the idea of so-called suicide bombings...but I have certainly argued in favour of them. I do, though, make a distinction between them and attacks that target people in a state of peace - which was why I opposed what happened on September 11.
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They have had their land stolen, their families killed, their homes destroyed, and the Israelis are using weapons, such as the F16 aircraft, which are meant only for major wars. There is no other way for the Palestinians to push back those mountains, apart from martyrdom
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offered condolences to the Lebanese people on behalf of Qatar, its Emir, government and people. Upon arrival in Beirut, al-Thani praised the "commendable attributes of Fadlallah and his relentless efforts in seeking rapprochement and conciliation among various Muslim
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When he died in 2010, Time magazine wrote about his contrarian stance: "Fadlallah had broken with Hizballah and the toxic legacy of his early edicts. He criticized Iran's clerical rule, supported women's rights and insisted on dialogue with the West."
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The situation of the Palestinians is quite different, because they are in a state of war with Israel. They are not aiming to kill civilians but, in war, civilians do get killed. Don't forget, the Palestinians are living under mountains of pressure.
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also sent his to Fadlallah's family expressing his sincere condolences to the family, and prayed for the Fadlallah's soul to rest in eternal peace. He also praised Fadlullah's scientific and religious contributions in the service of Islam and
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in Lebanon: "The insanity of the U.S. president and its administration is reflected in Lebanon by their ambassador pressuring the Lebanese people and preventing them from reaching an agreement over the presidential election."
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In 1966 Fadlallah received an invitation from a group who had established a society called "The family of Fraternity" (جمعية أسرة التآخي Jam'iyat Usrat at-Ta'akhi) to come and live with them in the area of Naba'a in Eastern
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vowed to stay faithful to the "sacred goals" he had "sacrificed his life to achieve." He added that "we have lost a compassionate father, a wise guide, a fortified shelter, and a strong support that was present at all
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His support for suicide bombings against Israel were based on the grounds that the latter uses advanced weaponry; it was also claimed that he wished that the state of Israel would cease to exist. Following the
1321:, Fadlallah called the attack "heroic." Western sources also cite his favour for suicide bombings against Israeli citizens. Fadlallah explained the religious basis for suicide attacks in an interview with
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1426:, in the holy city of Qom, released a statement that "any help to or cooperation with him in publishing his writings is not legal with respect to Islam". He was also condemned by Grand Ayatollahs
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Due to US and their continuous support for Israel, Fadlallah called on countries in Middle East to boycott Israeli and American products and replace these products with European and Asian goods.
1338:. He also objected to any territorial settlement, saying "the entire land of Palestine within its historical borders is one Arab-Islamic country and no one has right to spare on inch of it."
235:, Fadlallah studied Islam in Najaf before moving to Lebanon in 1952. In the following decades, he gave many lectures, engaged in intense scholarship, wrote dozens of books, founded several
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to offer his condolences and asked to relay them to Fadlallah's family and the Lebanese people. Nasrallah responded in appreciation and for Erdogan's stance on the Palestinian issue.
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for Shia in matters of religion, before claiming the role for himself. In a 2009 interview, Fadlallah said that he did not believe wilayat al-faqih has a role in modern Lebanon.
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1409:. Regarding abortion, he was opposed to it in most cases; however, when the women is in an abnormal amount of danger by the pregnancy, he believed it was permissible.
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on the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women that supports the right of a woman to defend herself against any act of violence whether
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As one of the alleged leaders of Hezbollah, a status both he and the group denied he was the target of several assassination attempts, including the allegedly
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had a huge impact and influence in the political and religious scenes in Lebanon. We won't forget his numerous favors and blessings throughout the years."
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religious university he concluded his studies in 1966 and returned to Lebanon. He had already visited Lebanon in 1952 where he recited a poem eulogizing
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by Islamic clerics who said that "no Shia religious leader, not even Khomeini... has a monopoly on the truth." He also first endorsed
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3021:"Hezbollahs deployment of suizide bombing during the 1980s: The Theological, Political and Operational Development of a ne tactic"
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on 16 November 1935. His parents, Abdulraouf Fadlullah and al-Hajja Raoufa Hassan Bazzi, had migrated there from the village of
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1489:, called him "a voice of moderation and an advocate of unity" for the Lebanese people. Hezbollah declared three days of
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His political activism thus mainly concerned improving education, healthcare and social services in Lebanon. During the
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saying he appeared to have no plan to bring peace to the region. Despite his criticism of U.S. foreign policy in the
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1922:"Islamist Perspectives on International Relations: The Discourse of Sayyid Muhammad Hussein Fadlallah (1935–2010)"
2332:"Target America: terrorist attacks on Americans, 1979–1988 ... Bombing of U.S. Embassy annex northeast of Beirut"
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as the American president, the following year he expressed disappointment with Obama's lack of progress in the
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Wilfried Buchta, "Die Islamische Republik Iran und die religiös-politische Kontroverse um die marja'iyat",
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Fadlallah made statements in favour of suicide bombings against Israeli citizens. In a 2002 interview with
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2521:"The Daily Star – Politics – Fadlallah slams U.S. for 'insane' attempt to thwart consensus on presidency"
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2016:"The Islamic Realism of Sheikh Yusuf Qaradawi (1926–) and Sayyid Mohammad Hussein Fadlallah (1935–2010)"
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400:
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Aziz, Talib. "Fadlallah and the Remaking of the Marja'iya". Published August 2001. Retrieved May 2024,
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Aziz, Talib. "Fadlallah and the Remaking of the Marja'iya". Published August 2001. Retrieved May, 2024.
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neighborhood. Fadlallah was not at home at the time of the bombing, which reduced the house to rubble.
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was also a poet himself and meant that poetry was important to achieve greater understanding of Islam.
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2239:
2213:
2087:"Intellectuals and Political Power in Social Movements: The Parallel Paths of Fadlallah and Hizbullah"
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3061:"Fadhlullah is 'Dhaal', any co-op with him illegal: Ayat Tabrezi office | Jafariya News Network"
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2015:
2999:"The Shifts in Hizbullah's Ideology: Religious Ideology, Political Ideology, and Political Program"
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to have mercy on the soul of the deceased. He also sent a similar cable to the family of Fadlullah.
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in 1928 to learn theology. By the time of his birth, his father was already a Muslim scholar.
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his condolences to Fadlullah's family and his supporters saying "This great intellectual and
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in the media, although this was disputed by other sources. He was also the target of several
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1463:, calling to fight occupation through all possible means. His eminence issued different '
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Despite his ties with the Islamic Republic of Iran, Fadlallah distanced himself from the
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Lebanon: Sistani deputy refuses to meet Fadlallah due to stance on Fatimah Az-Zahraa (A)
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3422:, pp. 83–181, Chicago, University of Chicago Press (1997), ISBN 978-0-226-02125-6
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sent his condolences to his Lebanese counterpart. The head of Hamas' Political Bureau,
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1731:(Master of Philosophy Dissertation ed.). New Delhi: Jawaharlal Nehru University.
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Ayatollah Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Fadlallah and the Political Rise of Shias in Lebanon
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1823:"MESS Report / The Late Ayatollah Fadlallah Was an Islamist Cleric Unlike Any Other"
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In November 2007, Fadlallah accused the United States of trying to sabotage the
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was involved in the attack, which he suggests was carried out with funding from
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ideological standpoint became more moderate compared to the clerics in Iran.
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the covert training operation" in Lebanon, according to Wright. According to
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On the Death of the Grand Ayatollah Fadlallah: "Religion Serves the People"
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1960:"Sayyed Fadlullah's Contributions to the Civil Society and the Downtrodden"
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also sent his condolences to the family of Fadlallah saying he prayed to
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was accused as one of those likely responsible for the actual operation.
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Spokesmen for the Despised: Fundamentalist Leaders in the Middle East
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region." It claimed that Fadlallah "committed to the central cause,
435:, Israeli warplanes bombed his two-story house in Beirut's southern
3427:
Hizb'Allah in Lebanon - The Politics of the Western Hostage Crisis
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3151:"Lebanon's Grand Ayatollah Mohammed Hussein Fadlallah dies at 74"
2922:"La femme peut répondre à la violence de l'homme par la violence"
2162:"Lebanon's Grand Ayatollah Mohammed Hussein Fadlallah dies at 74"
2058:"Hezbollah: From Nationalist Militia to Terrorist Group to Both?"
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After 21 years of studying under the prominent teachers of the
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3346:"Hezbollah Condemns Firing of CNN Mideast Editor 9 July 2010"
3438:
3328:"AFP: CNN Middle East editor leaves after Fadlallah 'tweet'"
3124:"Ayatollah Sayyed Fadlullah's Last Wish: Israel's Vanishing"
2272:. 18 March 2006. Archived from the original on 19 April 2006
165:
3416:. Full Text with footnotes published in Appleby, R. Scott,
3414:"The Oracle of Hizbullah: Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Fadlallah"
3186:"Arab, Islamic World Mourns Sayyed Fadlullah as Great Loss"
243:. Through the aforementioned association, he established a
2924:[Women can respond to male violence by violence].
1679:, maternal cousin of Ayatollah Mohammad Hussein Fadlallah.
3449:
The Oracle of Hizbullah: Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Fadlallah
2687:"UK envoy's praise for Lebanon cleric draws Israel anger"
1906:
https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195137996.003.0013
1894:
https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195137996.003.0013
250:
Fadlallah was sometimes called the "spiritual mentor" of
3443:
2613:"We could provide a million suicide bombers in 24 hours"
213:; 16 November 1935 – 4 July 2010) was a prominent
170:
2639:"Sayyed Fadlallah hails Jerusalem attack as heroic act"
2948:"Abortion: Fadlullah's perspective regarding Abortion"
2713:
Fadlallah explains religious basis for suicide attacks
2428:"Obituary: Grand Ayatollah Mohammed Hussein Fadlallah"
1782:"Grand Ayatollah Fadlallah, Shiite Cleric, Dies at 75"
1648:
also sent his condolences to his Lebanese counterpart.
2378:""The Assassination of Elie Hobeika" (January 2002)"
208:
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Official Website (Arabic, English, French, Persian)
247:, a women's cultural center, and a medical clinic.
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3254:"Regional leaders pay tribute to Fadlallah legacy"
2818:"Lebanon's Grand Ayatollah Fadlallah hospitalised"
2488:"Arab boycott of American consumer goods spreads"
2399:"Top Lebanese Shiite cleric Fadlallah dies at 75"
1654:'s Lebanese senior editor of Middle East affairs
2736:"Fadlallah forbids normalizing ties with Israel"
1375:men to fight their inner weaknesses. He saw the
2566:"Senior Lebanese Shi'ite cleric Fadlallah dies"
1301:
3075:"Hezbollah 'mentor' Fadlallah dies in Lebanon"
2135:"Hezbollah 'mentor' Fadlallah dies in Lebanon"
1810:Sacred Rage : The Wrath of Militant Islam
1523:In Iraq, Ali al-Adeeb, a senior member of the
1413:Controversial views regarding Islamic doctrine
3280:"Qatar's top-selling English daily newspaper"
2585:
2583:
2308:. Elmandjra. 26 February 2008. Archived from
1209:
332:. He agreed, especially as the conditions at
8:
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344:like the Imam Al-Khoei Orphanage in Beirut.
44:
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2666:"CNN Drops Editor After Hezbollah Comments"
2641:. NOW Lebanon. 7 March 2008. Archived from
394:equivalent to 440 lb (200 kg) of
2844:"The Woman's Personality and Role in Life"
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2810:
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3383:"CNN was wrong about Ayatollah Fadlallah"
3282:. Gulf-times. 6 July 2010. Archived from
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2091:British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies
2020:British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies
1842:"The Lebanese Armageddon in the New Iraq"
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3458:Sayyed Fadlullah's Funeral... in Photos
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2593:. Al Jazeera English. 11 September 2001
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2160:Hugh Macleod in Beirut (4 July 2010).
1915:
1913:
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1738:
1330:In September 2009, Fadlallah issued a
3306:"Erdogan sorry for Fadlallah's death"
2793:"A Dialogue With Lebanon's Ayatollah"
303:had begun his religious studies in a
7:
3101:"Lebanon buries leading Shia cleric"
2791:Pollock, Robert L. (14 March 2009).
2401:. Yahoo. 4 July 2010. Archived from
2188:"1985: Beirut car bomb kills dozens"
1920:Baroudi, Sami Emile (January 2013).
1804:
1802:
1722:
1720:
3208:"Lebanon's Shia Muslim leader dies"
2591:"Lebanon's Shia Muslim leader dies"
2523:. Dailystar.com.lb. 5 November 2007
2486:Pallister, David (8 January 2003).
2014:Baroudi, Sami E. (2 January 2016).
1840:Samer Mohamad Bazzi (1 June 2004).
1780:Cambanis, Thanassis (4 July 2010).
1630:The British ambassador to Lebanon,
1424:Grand Ayatollah Mirza Jawad Tabrizi
198:
45:
3366:. 19 February 2013. Archived from
2896:"The Moral Role of Hijab (part I)"
1352:Veleyat-e Faqih as theocratic rule
25:
3493:20th-century Lebanese politicians
3360:"Manar TV :: Live Broadcast"
3050:, by Karim Tellawi, Jafariya News
2722:" by Ibrahim Mousawi, 8 June 2002
1812:, Simon and Schuster, 2001 p. 97.
1752:. 12 October 1987. Archived from
18:Sayyed Mohammad Hussein Fadlallah
3528:People of the Lebanese Civil War
3444:Official Website (Persian, Urdu)
2266:"A history of car bomb (Part 2)"
2085:Saouli, Adham (2 January 2014).
1638:
1624:
1606:
1591:
1573:
1563:Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
1553:
1532:
1517:
1502:
1477:
1185:
274:Fadlallah was born in the Iraqi
1746:"Did A Dead Man Tell No Tales?"
1683:Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria
3523:Survivors of terrorist attacks
2240:"60 killed by Beirut car bomb"
2214:"60 killed by Beirut car bomb"
1436:Mohammad al-Husayni al-Shirazi
1356:Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani
884:Other related sects and groups
383:-sponsored and funded 8 March
1:
3381:Fisk, Robert (10 July 2010).
3256:. 8 July 2010. Archived from
3149:MacLeod, Hugh (4 July 2010).
2664:Brian Stelter (7 July 2010).
2564:Bassam, Laila (4 July 2010).
2032:10.1080/13530194.2015.1067159
3122:Hussein Assi (6 July 2010).
3006:Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
2974:"Fadlollahs Devious Beliefs"
2103:10.1080/13530194.2014.878509
1938:10.1080/00263206.2012.743887
1173:Criticism of Twelver Shi'ism
912:Bektashism and folk religion
2742:News Agency. Archived from
2543:"Fadlallah Dies in Lebanon"
1844:. Bintjbeil. Archived from
1538:The Supreme Leader of Iran
209:
41:Muhammad Hussein Fadl-Allāh
3544:
3429:, Palgrave Macmillan,1997
2781:36, 3 (1995): 459–60
2619:. London. 4 September 2002
1599:Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
1420:Grand Ayatollah al-Sistani
1230:Iranian Islamic Revolution
1168:List of Twelver Shia books
372:
210:Muḥammad Ḥusayn Fadl Allāh
3498:Lebanese grand ayatollahs
3126:. Almanar. Archived from
3103:. Al Jazeera. 6 July 2010
2950:. Bayynat. Archived from
2898:. Bayynat. Archived from
2872:. Bayynat. Archived from
2846:. Bayynat. Archived from
2795:. The Wall Street Journal
2454:"Person of the Year 2010"
2290:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1988:. Bayynat. Archived from
1870:. Bayynat. Archived from
1727:Wahab, Hisham Ul (2017).
1484:Prime Minister of Lebanon
1334:banning normalisation of
1266:Middle East peace process
1064:Other hadith collections
1044:Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih
237:Islamic religious schools
191:Muhammad Husayn Fadlallah
168:(Arabic, French, English)
54:
3308:. Jpost. 22 January 2009
2768:, Norton, (2006), p. 181
2056:mwhutchi (1 June 2015).
1616:called Hezbollah leader
1510:Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
1432:Hossein Waheed Khorasani
1383:Fadlallah also issued a
1228:Fadlallah supported the
472:The Fourteen Infallibles
258:attempts, including the
46:السيد محمد حسين فضل الله
3412:Kramer, Martin (1997),
3019:Helmer, Daniel (2006).
2870:"The role of a woman I"
1677:Mohammed Baqir al-Hakim
1618:Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah
1256:Though he welcomed the
1098:Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya
1068:Book of Sulaym ibn Qays
387:that killed 80 people.
385:1985 Beirut car bombing
375:1985 Beirut car bombing
356:Fadlallah and Hezbollah
336:impelled him to leave.
260:1985 Beirut car bombing
3236:"Babylon & Beyond"
3188:. Almanar. 5 July 2010
2246:. London. 9 March 1985
2220:. London. 9 March 1985
1926:Middle Eastern Studies
1705:. Reuters. 4 July 2010
1493:and Secretary General
1440:Sadiq Hussaini Shirazi
1358:rather than Ayatollah
1314:
369:Assassination attempts
239:, and established the
184:
2820:. AFP. Archived from
1451:al-Hassanayn mosque.
1319:Mercaz HaRav massacre
1192:Shia Islam portal
627:Imamate of the Family
373:Further information:
182:
144:Period in office
3370:on 19 February 2013.
2997:Alagha, J.E (2006).
2460:. 15 December 2010.
1614:Recep Tayyip Erdogan
1274:September 11 attacks
1083:Reality of Certainty
759:Mourning of Muharram
637:Mourning of Muharram
241:Mabarrat Association
183:Shrine city of Najaf
2718:25 May 2011 at the
2617:The Daily Telegraph
2353:The Washington Post
2062:Hezbollah UCSC 2015
1403:female circumcision
1295:The Daily Telegraph
1272:, he condemned the
1241:U.S. foreign policy
764:Arba'een Pilgrimage
405:The Washington Post
403:quotes articles in
390:On 8 March 1985, a
3518:Islamic Dawa Party
3425:Ranstorp, Magnus,
2670:The New York Times
2545:. BBC. 4 July 2010
2365:The New York Times
2312:on 18 January 2011
1786:The New York Times
1658:was fired after a
1646:Ali Abdullah Saleh
1348:Ayatollah Khomeini
1342:Islamic governance
1027:Hadith collections
409:The New York Times
349:Lebanese Civil War
199:محمد حسين فضل الله
185:
3503:Hezbollah members
3488:People from Najaf
3240:Los Angeles Times
2876:on 29 August 2009
2850:on 29 August 2009
2270:Asia Times Online
1848:on 29 August 2009
1226:
1225:
1122:and jurisprudence
729:Nahy ani l-Munkar
569:
568:
312:Return to Lebanon
207:
177:
176:
156:Grand Shia cleric
16:(Redirected from
3535:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3396:
3378:
3372:
3371:
3356:
3350:
3349:
3342:
3336:
3335:
3334:on 11 July 2010.
3330:. Archived from
3324:
3318:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3302:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3291:
3276:
3270:
3269:
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3250:
3244:
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2978:
2970:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2959:
2944:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2933:
2926:L'Orient-Le Jour
2918:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2907:
2892:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2866:
2860:
2859:
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2840:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2814:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2788:
2782:
2775:
2769:
2766:The Shia Revival
2762:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2732:
2723:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2683:
2674:
2673:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2645:on 22 April 2011
2635:
2629:
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2624:
2609:
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2598:
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2444:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2424:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2395:
2386:
2385:
2384:on 20 July 2009.
2380:. Archived from
2374:
2368:
2362:
2356:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2319:
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2230:
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2210:
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2201:
2199:
2184:
2178:
2177:
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2173:
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2131:
2125:
2124:
2114:
2082:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2053:
2044:
2043:
2011:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1917:
1908:
1902:
1896:
1890:
1884:
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1879:
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1837:
1831:
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1813:
1806:
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1777:
1766:
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1761:
1742:
1733:
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1724:
1715:
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1710:
1699:
1643:
1642:
1629:
1628:
1611:
1610:
1596:
1595:
1578:
1577:
1558:
1557:
1537:
1536:
1522:
1521:
1507:
1506:
1482:
1481:
1428:Bashir al-Najafi
1422:, the office of
1336:ties with Israel
1218:
1211:
1204:
1190:
1189:
1093:Mafatih al-Jinan
1078:Wasā'il al-Shīʿa
1049:Tahdhib al-Ahkam
652:Wilayat al-Faqih
477:
447:
433:2006 Lebanon War
324:at his funeral.
227:cleric. Born in
212:
202:
200:
100:
79:16 November 1935
78:
76:
59:
49:
48:
47:
32:
21:
3543:
3542:
3538:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3533:
3532:
3468:
3467:
3435:
3410:
3405:
3404:
3394:
3392:
3388:The Independent
3380:
3379:
3375:
3358:
3357:
3353:
3344:
3343:
3339:
3326:
3325:
3321:
3311:
3309:
3304:
3303:
3299:
3289:
3287:
3278:
3277:
3273:
3263:
3261:
3260:on 11 July 2010
3252:
3251:
3247:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3219:
3217:
3206:
3205:
3201:
3191:
3189:
3184:
3183:
3172:
3162:
3160:
3148:
3147:
3143:
3133:
3131:
3130:on 16 July 2010
3121:
3120:
3116:
3106:
3104:
3099:
3098:
3094:
3084:
3082:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3046:
3042:
3032:
3030:
3023:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3001:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2972:
2971:
2967:
2957:
2955:
2954:on 5 April 2010
2946:
2945:
2941:
2931:
2929:
2920:
2919:
2915:
2905:
2903:
2894:
2893:
2889:
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2851:
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2827:
2825:
2816:
2815:
2808:
2798:
2796:
2790:
2789:
2785:
2776:
2772:
2763:
2759:
2749:
2747:
2746:on 27 July 2011
2734:
2733:
2726:
2720:Wayback Machine
2710:
2706:
2696:
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2684:
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2055:
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2013:
2012:
2005:
1995:
1993:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1969:
1967:
1958:
1957:
1953:
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1918:
1911:
1903:
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1866:
1865:
1861:
1851:
1849:
1839:
1838:
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1821:
1820:
1816:
1808:Wright, Robin,
1807:
1800:
1790:
1788:
1779:
1778:
1769:
1759:
1757:
1744:
1743:
1736:
1726:
1725:
1718:
1708:
1706:
1701:
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1696:
1691:
1672:
1637:
1623:
1612:Prime Minister
1605:
1590:
1572:
1552:
1531:
1516:
1501:
1495:Hasan Nasrallah
1476:
1473:
1448:
1415:
1407:honour killings
1372:
1344:
1290:
1243:
1222:
1184:
1179:
1178:
1177:
1162:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1138:The Infallibles
1123:
1111:
1110:
1109:
1088:Nahj al-Balagha
1060:
1028:
1020:
1019:
1018:
963:
955:
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953:
885:
877:
876:
875:
843:
835:
834:
833:
783:
775:
774:
773:
753:
752:Other practices
745:
744:
743:
724:Amr bi-l maʿrūf
688:
678:
677:
676:
621:
613:
612:
611:
581:
571:
570:
474:
463:Twelver Shi'ism
445:
416:, CIA director
377:
371:
358:
314:
296:
278:shrine city of
272:
188:Grand Ayatollah
173:(Persian, Urdu)
169:
147:1989–2010
107:
105:Beirut, Lebanon
102:
98:
89:
87:Kingdom of Iraq
80:
74:
72:
50:
43:
42:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3541:
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3480:
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3466:
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3455:
3446:
3441:
3434:
3433:External links
3431:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3373:
3351:
3337:
3319:
3297:
3286:on 7 June 2011
3271:
3245:
3242:. 8 July 2010.
3227:
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3170:
3141:
3114:
3092:
3066:
3052:
3040:
3011:
2989:
2965:
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2902:on 27 May 2009
2887:
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2824:on 6 July 2010
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2405:on 8 July 2010
2387:
2369:
2357:
2345:
2323:
2306:"Noam Chomsky"
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2205:
2194:. 8 March 1985
2179:
2152:
2126:
2074:
2045:
2003:
1992:on 3 June 2009
1977:
1951:
1932:(1): 107–133.
1909:
1897:
1885:
1874:on 3 June 2009
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1756:on 25 May 2012
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1585:Khaled Meshaal
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1567:Almighty Allah
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1161:Related topics
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1073:Bihar al-Anwar
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1058:
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1034:The Four Books
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322:Muhsin al Amin
313:
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245:public library
175:
174:
166:bayynat.org.lb
163:
159:
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127:
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125:Senior posting
122:
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113:
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103:
101:(aged 74)
95:
91:
90:
81:
70:
66:
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35:
27:Lebanese faqih
26:
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14:
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9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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3453:Martin Kramer
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3216:. 4 July 2010
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3081:. 4 July 2010
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2693:. 9 July 2010
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2434:. 4 July 2010
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2404:
2400:
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2355:, 12 May 1985
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2156:
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2141:. 4 July 2010
2140:
2136:
2130:
2127:
2122:
2118:
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2108:
2104:
2100:
2097:(1): 97–116.
2096:
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2079:
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2063:
2059:
2052:
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2041:
2037:
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2029:
2026:(1): 94–114.
2025:
2021:
2017:
2010:
2008:
2004:
1991:
1987:
1981:
1978:
1966:. 6 July 2010
1965:
1961:
1955:
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1947:
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1581:Mahmoud Abbas
1576:
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1401:s forbidding
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1396:
1392:
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1361:
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1278:United States
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1045:
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1040:
1039:Kitab al-Kafi
1037:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1024:
1023:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1004:Seghatoleslam
1002:
1000:
997:
994:
990:
987:
985:
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624:
620:Other beliefs
617:
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607:Judgement Day
605:
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256:assassination
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130:Based in
128:
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71:
67:
62:
58:
53:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3508:Bazzi family
3426:
3424:
3418:
3411:
3393:. Retrieved
3386:
3376:
3368:the original
3363:
3354:
3340:
3332:the original
3322:
3310:. Retrieved
3300:
3288:. Retrieved
3284:the original
3274:
3262:. Retrieved
3258:the original
3248:
3239:
3230:
3218:. Retrieved
3211:
3202:
3190:. Retrieved
3161:. Retrieved
3156:The Guardian
3154:
3144:
3132:. Retrieved
3128:the original
3117:
3105:. Retrieved
3095:
3083:. Retrieved
3078:
3069:
3055:
3043:
3031:. Retrieved
3027:
3014:
3005:
2992:
2980:. Retrieved
2968:
2956:. Retrieved
2952:the original
2942:
2930:. Retrieved
2925:
2916:
2904:. Retrieved
2900:the original
2890:
2878:. Retrieved
2874:the original
2864:
2852:. Retrieved
2848:the original
2838:
2826:. Retrieved
2822:the original
2797:. Retrieved
2786:
2778:
2773:
2765:
2764:Nasr, Vali,
2760:
2748:. Retrieved
2744:the original
2707:
2695:. Retrieved
2690:
2669:
2659:
2647:. Retrieved
2643:the original
2633:
2621:. Retrieved
2616:
2607:
2595:. Retrieved
2570:. Retrieved
2559:
2547:. Retrieved
2537:
2525:. Retrieved
2515:
2503:. Retrieved
2492:The Guardian
2491:
2481:
2469:. Retrieved
2457:
2448:
2436:. Retrieved
2431:
2407:. Retrieved
2403:the original
2382:the original
2372:
2364:
2360:
2352:
2348:
2336:. Retrieved
2326:
2314:. Retrieved
2310:the original
2300:
2274:. Retrieved
2269:
2260:
2248:. Retrieved
2244:The Guardian
2243:
2234:
2222:. Retrieved
2218:The Guardian
2217:
2208:
2196:. Retrieved
2191:
2182:
2170:. Retrieved
2166:The Guardian
2165:
2155:
2143:. Retrieved
2138:
2129:
2094:
2090:
2065:. Retrieved
2061:
2023:
2019:
1994:. Retrieved
1990:the original
1986:"Biographie"
1980:
1968:. Retrieved
1963:
1954:
1929:
1925:
1900:
1888:
1876:. Retrieved
1872:the original
1868:"Biographie"
1862:
1850:. Retrieved
1846:the original
1835:
1826:
1817:
1809:
1789:. Retrieved
1785:
1758:. Retrieved
1754:the original
1749:
1728:
1707:. Retrieved
1697:
1659:
1656:Octavia Nasr
1540:Ali Khamenei
1457:
1453:
1449:
1442:and others.
1416:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1384:
1382:
1373:
1360:Ali Khamenei
1345:
1331:
1329:
1322:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1293:
1291:
1262:Barack Obama
1255:
1247:
1244:
1235:
1227:
1009:Hojatoleslam
947:Ni'matullāhī
922:Qalandariyya
769:Intercession
657:Usul al-fiqh
642:Intercession
498:Twelve Imams
430:
426:Elie Hobeika
422:Saudi Arabia
414:Bob Woodward
408:
404:
401:Robin Wright
389:
378:
363:
359:
346:
338:
326:
315:
301:
297:
273:
264:
249:
240:
190:
186:
99:(2010-07-04)
29:
3483:2010 deaths
3478:1935 births
2932:28 November
2928:(in French)
2367:13 May 1985
1964:Islam Times
1632:Frances Guy
1487:Saad Hariri
1312:operations.
1299:he said:
1280:as acts of
1270:Middle East
1118:Sources of
1054:Al-Istibsar
962:Scholarship
917:Malamatiyya
895:Sufism and
782:Holy cities
647:Occultation
597:Prophethood
437:Haret Hreik
431:During the
119:Shi`a Islam
97:4 July 2010
3472:Categories
3364:archive.is
3028:armyupress
2982:22 January
2112:10023/7579
1689:References
1675:Ayatollah
1665:any more."
1644:President
1579:President
1324:Daily Star
932:Bektashism
587:Monotheism
579:Principles
456:Shia Islam
342:orphanages
270:Early life
171:bayynat.ir
75:1935-11-16
3213:Aljazeera
2568:. Reuters
2500:0261-3077
2466:0040-781X
2121:1353-0194
2040:1353-0194
1946:0026-3206
1703:"Reuters"
1471:Reactions
1461:Palestine
1282:terrorism
1143:Consensus
989:Ayatollah
907:Safaviyya
902:Qizilbash
824:Kadhimiya
814:Jerusalem
686:Practices
557:al-Askari
522:al-Sajjad
294:Education
286:in south
252:Hezbollah
204:romanized
3513:Twelvers
3391:. London
3159:. London
3079:BBC News
2716:Archived
2691:BBC News
2432:BBC News
2286:cite web
2168:. London
1760:20 April
1670:See also
1513:Muslims.
1498:stages."
1491:mourning
1395:physical
1380:public.
1258:election
1250:election
1103:Al-Amali
927:Hurufism
891:Alawites
562:al-Mahdi
537:al-Kazim
532:al-Sadiq
527:al-Baqir
483:Muhammad
452:a series
450:Part of
396:dynamite
392:car bomb
352:people.
215:Lebanese
112:Religion
64:Personal
3408:Sources
3395:18 July
2750:13 July
2697:19 July
2649:13 July
2623:13 July
2471:11 June
1827:Haaretz
1602:sects."
1547:Mujahid
1528:values.
1362:as the
1276:in the
1134:Hadiths
1120:ijtihad
1014:Ijtihad
999:Allamah
991: (
976: (
897:Alevism
871:Shaykhi
859:Akhbari
849:Ja'fari
819:Samarra
809:Mashhad
804:Karbala
739:Tabarri
734:Tawalli
662:Ijtihad
602:Imamate
592:Justice
552:al-Naqi
547:al-Taqi
542:ar-Rida
488:Fatimah
288:Lebanon
284:'Aynata
222:Twelver
206::
162:Website
138:Lebanon
116:Twelver
3312:7 July
3290:7 July
3264:8 July
3220:4 July
3192:7 July
3163:4 July
3134:7 July
3107:7 July
3085:21 May
3033:10 May
2958:7 July
2906:7 July
2880:7 July
2854:7 July
2828:5 July
2799:5 July
2779:Orient
2597:7 July
2572:7 July
2549:4 July
2527:7 July
2505:14 May
2498:
2464:
2438:14 May
2409:7 July
2338:7 July
2316:5 July
2276:7 July
2250:7 July
2224:13 May
2198:13 May
2172:5 July
2145:5 July
2119:
2067:22 May
2038:
1996:7 July
1970:22 May
1944:
1878:7 July
1852:5 July
1791:4 July
1709:7 July
1543:cabled
1391:social
1288:Israel
1148:Reason
1129:Qur'an
974:Marja'
942:Galibi
937:Rifa`i
842:Groups
794:Medina
667:Taqlid
632:Angels
517:Husayn
330:Beirut
195:Arabic
134:Beirut
37:Sayyed
3024:(PDF)
3002:(PDF)
2977:(PDF)
2334:. PBS
1661:tweet
1597:Emir
1508:King
1465:fatwa
1446:Death
1399:fatwa
1386:fatwa
1377:hijab
1370:Women
1364:marja
1332:fatwa
984:Hawza
866:Alevi
854:Usuli
799:Najaf
789:Mecca
719:Jihad
714:Khums
709:Zakat
694:Salat
672:Irfan
512:Hasan
443:Views
334:Najaf
318:Najaf
305:Hawza
280:Najaf
229:Najaf
219:Iraqi
83:Najaf
3397:2010
3314:2010
3292:2010
3266:2010
3222:2010
3194:2010
3165:2010
3136:2010
3109:2010
3087:2024
3035:2024
2984:2023
2960:2010
2934:2007
2908:2010
2882:2010
2856:2010
2830:2010
2801:2010
2752:2010
2740:IRIB
2699:2010
2651:2010
2625:2010
2599:2010
2574:2010
2551:2010
2529:2010
2507:2024
2496:ISSN
2473:2016
2462:ISSN
2458:Time
2440:2024
2411:2010
2340:2010
2318:2010
2292:link
2278:2010
2252:2010
2226:2010
2200:2010
2174:2010
2147:2010
2117:ISSN
2069:2024
2036:ISSN
1998:2010
1972:2024
1942:ISSN
1880:2010
1854:2010
1793:2010
1762:2010
1750:Time
1711:2010
1560:Emir
1525:Dawa
1405:and
993:list
978:list
704:Hajj
699:Sawm
496:The
407:and
276:Shia
233:Iraq
225:Shia
152:Post
94:Died
69:Born
3451:by
2192:BBC
2139:BBC
2107:hdl
2099:doi
2028:doi
1934:doi
1652:CNN
1393:or
1260:of
1136:of
969:Law
829:Qom
507:Ali
454:on
381:CIA
3474::
3385:.
3362:.
3238:.
3210:.
3173:^
3153:.
3077:.
3026:.
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2809:^
2738:.
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2689:.
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2668:.
2615:.
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2288:}}
2284:{{
2268:.
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2060:.
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2034:.
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2022:.
2018:.
2006:^
1962:.
1940:.
1930:49
1928:.
1924:.
1912:^
1825:.
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2030::
2000:.
1974:.
1948:.
1936::
1882:.
1856:.
1829:.
1795:.
1764:.
1713:.
1297:,
1217:e
1210:t
1203:v
995:)
980:)
217:-
193:(
77:)
73:(
20:)
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