757:
797:
635:
45:
833:
603:. However, Yahya Sirhindi based his conclusions on unsubstantial evidence, the first being a casual recognition by the famous saint Sayyid Jalaluddin Bukhari of Uch Sharif of his Sayyid heritage in the household of his adoptive grandfather Malik Mardan Daulat who is also referred to as Malik Mardan Bhatti by Yahya, and the second being the Sultan's noble character which distinguished him as possessing the moral qualities of Muhammad's descendant.
51:
1645:
his forebears were Arabs, who had migrated to India in the early
Tughluq period and settled in Multan. The family prospered in India, gaining wealth and power. This advancement culminated in Malik Suleiman, Khizr Khan's father, becoming the governor of Multan under the Tughluqs. When Suleiman died, Khizr Khan succeeded him to the post, but lost it during the political turmoil following the death of Firuz Tughluq.
2023:
658:. He was expelled from the city by the Muin tribes under Sarang Khan who occupied Multan in 1395, an Indian Muslim and the brother of Mallu Iqbal Khan, who was the de-facto ruler of Delhi. Sarang Khan was aided by the servants of Malik Mardan Bhatti, a former governor of Multan and the grandfather of Khizr Khan by adoption.
788:) was recited in the khutba but as an interesting innovation, the name of Khizr Khan was also attached to it. But strangely enough, the name of the Timurid ruler was not inscribed on the coins and the name of the old Tughlaq sultan continued on the currency. No coins are known in the name of Khizr Khan.
1644:
The first of these two dynasties was founded by Khizr Khan, who bore the appellation 'Sayyid', which identified him as a descendant of prophet
Muhammad, so the dynasty he founded came to be known as the Sayyid dynasty. The veracity of Khizr Khan's claimed lineage is uncertain, but it is likely that
847:
was a nephew of
Mubarak Shah. He ruled from 1434 to 1443. Muhammad Shah acceded to the throne with the help of Sarwar ul Mulk. After that Shah wanted to free himself from the domination of Sarwar ul Mulk with the help of his faithful vizier Kamal ul Mulk. His reign was marked by many rebellions and
783:
joined him. Timur appointed him the governor of Multan and Lahore. He then conquered the city of Delhi and started the rule of the
Sayyids in 1414. He was ruling in the name of Timur. He could not assume an independent position in all respects. As a mark of recognition of the suzerainty of the
677:). He held Lahore, Dipalpur, Multan and Upper Sindh. Collecting his forces in Multan, Khizr Khan defeated and killed Mallu Iqbal Khan in Delhi in 1405. He then captured Delhi on 28 May 1414 thereby establishing the Sayyid dynasty. Khizr Khan did not take up the title of
609:
is of the opinion that Khizr Khan's ancestors were likely descendants of an Arab family who had long ago settled in the region of Multan during the early
Tughluq period, but he doubts his Sayyid lineage. A.L. Srivastava shares a similar viewpoint. According to
1757:—and we find that a Khokar chieftain, Khizr Khan, who was sent to Timur as an ambassador and negotiator for tribute from the most adjacent area, the Punjab, ultimately became the power-holder in Delhi, thanks to the contacts he had acquired.
807:
was the son of Khizr Khan, who ascended the throne in the year 1421. Mubarak Shah discontinued his father's nominal allegiance to Timur. He freely used the royal title of Shah along with his own name, and professed allegiance to the
1558:
1565:
The claim of Khizr Khān, who founded the dynasty known as the
Sayyids, to descent from the prophet of Arabia was dubious, and rested chiefly on its causal recognition by the famous saint Sayyid Jalāl-ud-dīn of
2172:
626:
clan, who was sent to Timur as an ambassador and negotiator from the most adjacent area, the Punjab, ultimately becoming the power holder in Delhi, thanks to the contacts he had acquired.
2372:
1851:
Indian
Musalmans like Malik Kafur , Khusrau Khan and Khan - i - Jahan Maqbul reached close to the throne , and men like Mallu Khan , Sarang Khan , Muqarrab Khan etc
1546:
Though Timur had since withdrawn his forces, the Sayyid Khizr Khān , the scion of a venerable Arab family who had settled in Multān, continued to pay him tribute.
285:
2362:
756:
2255:
Twilight of the
Sultanate: A Political, Social and Cultural History of the Sultanate of Delhi from the Invasion of Timur to the Conquest of Babur 1398-1526
2225:
Twilight of the
Sultanate: A Political, Social and Cultural History of the Sultanate of Delhi from the Invasion of Timur to the Conquest of Babur 1398-1526
44:
1313:
970:
712:
on his coins, removing the
Timurid name with the name of the Caliph, and declared himself a Shah. A detailed account of his reign is available in the
2367:
1710:
The career of Khizr Khan, a Punjabi chieftain belonging to the Khokar clan, illustrates the transition to an increasingly polycentric north India.
1814:
Indian-origin slave-soldiers (converted Muslims) such as Malik Kafur, Malik Naik, Sarang Khan, Bahadur Nahar, Shaikha Khokhar, and Mallu Khans
2263:
2233:
1894:
1750:
1637:
1539:
2357:
2077:
1475:
1412:
2240:
Hoshang tried his luck against Sultan of Delhi but he was beaten back by Mubarak Shah Saiyyad to whom he had to pay a handsome tribute
1703:
1668:
1459:
1445:
1612:
2159:
2138:
2114:
2087:
2047:
1992:
1965:
1512:
1485:
1422:
796:
1176:
1166:
599:, or the descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, based on the claim that they belonged to his lineage through his daughter
2206:
502:
488:
463:
1787:
1722:
1695:
1373:
1327:
1223:
1146:
844:
721:
639:
615:
382:
1864:
1675:
their claim of Descendants of Prophet Mohammad is dubious but it seems certain that Khizr Khan's ancestors came from Arabia
1306:
1213:
837:
804:
705:
564:
370:
2104:
1982:
1884:
1807:
1502:
2280:
1770:
634:
1827:
1578:
2300:
Kumar, Sunil (2020). "The Delhi Sultanate as Empire". In Bang, Peter Fibiger; Bayly, C. A.; Scheidel, Walter (eds.).
1955:
1658:
1529:
270:
2253:
2223:
1913:
The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians. The Muhammadan Period: The Posthumous Papers of H. M. Elliot
275:
724:
ascended the throne and styled himself as Sultan Muhammad Shah. Just before his death, he called his son Sayyid
2352:
1299:
1156:
717:
584:
1451:
The Islamic frontier in the east: Expansion into South Asia, Journal of South Asian Studies, 4(1), pp. 91–109
2377:
2347:
1094:
1057:
891:
108:
1363:
848:
conspiracies, and he died in the year 1445. Multan became independent under the Langahs during his rule.
2060:
179:
1106:
990:
980:
662:
1911:
820:
and forced him to pay heavy tribute early in his reign. Mubarak Shah also put down the rebellion of
1027:
1000:
832:
239:
90:
1742:
1116:
950:
772:
761:
701:
and Sindh were reunited under the Delhi Sultanate, where he spent his time subduing rebellions.
655:
161:
1726:
2259:
2229:
2155:
2134:
2110:
2083:
2043:
1988:
1961:
1890:
1871:
The result of this was that Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud Shah became a tool in the hands of Mallu Iqbal
1746:
1699:
1664:
1633:
1535:
1508:
1481:
1455:
1441:
1418:
1369:
930:
900:
809:
130:
119:
79:
1738:
1730:
1687:
1342:
1260:
1047:
960:
857:
740:
611:
495:
311:
261:
228:
150:
68:
50:
1829:
Expanding Frontiers in South Asian and World History: Essays in Honour of John F. Richards
1085:
1037:
876:
817:
651:
568:
560:
547:, with four rulers ruling from 1414 to 1451 for 37 years. The first ruler of the dynasty,
544:
468:
250:
1389:
1018:
821:
694:
552:
219:
210:
170:
57:
2341:
1337:
1270:
1136:
940:
698:
674:
606:
559:, conquered Delhi in 1414, while the rulers proclaimed themselves the Sultans of the
190:
99:
1826:
John F. Richards; David Gilmartin; Munis D. Faruqui; Richard M. Eaton; Sunil Kuma.
1280:
1251:
1126:
1067:
861:
813:
643:
572:
481:
201:
2324:
2189:
1595:
812:
alone. He was the ablest ruler of the Sayyid dynasty. He defeated the advancing
322:
2332:
1332:
1203:
768:
666:
548:
358:
289:
Territories of the Sayyid Dynasty, and main contemporary South Asian polities.
1886:
The Making of Medieval Panjab: Politics, Society and Culture c. 1000–c. 1500
1660:
The Sultanate of Delhi: Including the Arab Invasion of Sindh, 711-1526 A. D.
1233:
920:
910:
785:
736:
725:
394:
141:
1772:
The Making of Medieval Panjab Politics, Society and Culture C. 1000–c. 1500
1735:
After Timur Left: Culture and Circulation in Fifteenth-century North India
1390:"Arabic and Persian Epigraphical Studies – Archaeological Survey of India"
856:
The last ruler of the Sayyid dynasty, Alauddin Alam Shah was defeated by
690:
619:
592:
528:
332:
2208:
CTET and TET Social Science and Pedagogy for Class 6 to 8 for 2021 Exams
739:, voluntarily abdicated the throne of the Delhi Sultanate in favour of
623:
600:
1809:
Islamic Jihad: A Legacy of Forced Conversion, Imperialism, and Slavery
824:
and managed to fend off multiple invasions by the Timurids of Kabul.
780:
729:
686:
678:
670:
596:
556:
339:
1560:
The Cambridge History of India: Turks and Afghans, edited by W. Haig
708:
after his death on 20 May 1421. Mubarak Shah referred to himself as
650:
Khizr Khan was originally a noble in the Delhi Sultanate during the
831:
795:
776:
755:
633:
523:
301:
1614:
The History and Culture of the Indian People: The Delhi sultanate
1789:
Encyclopaedia Of Untouchables : Ancient Medieval And Modern
1440:
M. Reza Pirbha, Reconsidering Islam in a South Asian Context,
743:
on 19 April 1451, and left for Badaun, where he died in 1478.
1462:, Brill Academic; see discussion of earliest raids in Gujarat
1454:
Sookoohy M., Bhadreswar – Oldest Islamic Monuments in India,
2177:. Aligarh Historical Research Institute. 1941. p. 73.
1849:. Department of Modern Indian History. 1977. p. 105.
681:, but continued the fiction of his allegiance to Timur as
2010:
Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India: Volume 2
1368:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 39, 148.
571:
and ruled the Sultanate until they were displaced by the
2065:. Printed at Government Central Press. 1971. p. 52.
1727:"After Timur Left: North India in the Fifteenth Century"
1937:
1935:
1531:
The Glory of the Sultans: Islamic Architecture in India
2311:
The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History
1794:
accompanied by the Bhatti and Main crossed the Sutlej
1583:. Department of Guru Nanak Studies. 1996. p. 61.
1834:
Mallu Khan(also known as Iqbal Khan, a former slave
516:
426:
416:
404:
388:
376:
364:
352:
338:
328:
318:
307:
297:
23:
1630:The Age of Wrath: A History of the Delhi Sultanate
2062:Rajasthan [district Gazetteers] Bharatpur
697:. After the accession of Khizr Khan, the Punjab,
720:. After the death of Mubarak Shah, his nephew,
595:. Members of the dynasty derived their title,
2028:. Indian History Congress. 1995. p. 216.
1307:
693:- initially that of Timur, and later his son
8:
654:and was the governor of Multan under Sultan
2285:. the University of Michigan. p. 1974.
1737:. Oxford University Press. pp. 47–59.
704:Khizr Khan was succeeded by his son Sayyid
2154:, Vol-V, Part-1, People Publishing House,
1314:
1300:
871:
760:Billon Tanka of Khizr Khan in the name of
20:
1743:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199450664.003.0002
784:Timurids, the name of the Timurid ruler (
779:invaded India, Khizr Khan, a Sayyid from
16:Rulers of the Delhi Sultanate (1414–1451)
2373:15th-century disestablishments in India
2304:. Vol. 2. Oxford University Press.
2106:Historical Dictionary of Medieval India
1926:
1528:Porter, Yves; Degeorge, Gérard (2009).
1504:Historical Dictionary of Medieval India
1354:
883:
874:
1692:India in the Persianate Age: 1000–1765
2258:. Munshiram Manoharlal. p. 109.
1941:
1883:Singh, Surinder (30 September 2019).
1847:Journal of Indian History - Volume 55
1600:. Rima Publishing House. p. 168.
425:
415:
411:
387:
375:
363:
351:
347:
337:
7:
2363:15th-century establishments in India
2282:Outline History of the Islamic World
2129:Mahajan, V.D. (1991, reprint 2007).
2038:Mahajan, V.D. (1991, reprint 2007).
591:that Khizr Khan was a descendant of
2302:The Oxford World History of Empire
2150:Nizami, K.A. (1970, reprint 2006)
1657:Srivastava, Ashirbadi Lal (1953).
732:, and nominated him as successor.
14:
1580:Journal of Sikh Studies:Volume 20
771:was the governor of Multan under
2152:A Comprehensive History of India
2109:. Scarecrow Press. p. 103.
1916:. S. Gupta (India). p. 118.
1910:Elliot, Sir Henry Miers (1952).
1611:Ramesh Chandra Majumdar (1951).
1507:. Scarecrow Press. p. 103.
1365:A Historical atlas of South Asia
1362:Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978).
1177:Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud Shah Tughluq
1167:Nasir-ud-din Nusrat Shah Tughluq
500:
486:
461:
49:
43:
2133:, Part I, Now Delhi: S. Chand,
2042:, Part I, New Delhi: S. Chand,
1628:Eraly, Abraham (1 April 2015).
735:The last ruler of the Sayyids,
2368:1451 disestablishments in Asia
1696:University of California Press
1328:List of Sunni Muslim dynasties
1147:Nasir ud din Muhammad Shah III
543:was the fourth dynasty of the
1:
2333:Coin Gallery – Sayyid dynasty
2313:. Cambridge University Press.
2279:Masudul Hasan, Abdul Waheed.
1663:S. L. Agarwala. p. 229.
800:Double falls of Mubarak Shah
2358:1414 establishments in Asia
2252:Lal, Kishori Saran (1980).
2222:Lal, Kishori Saran (1980).
1632:. Penguin UK. p. 261.
622:chieftain belonging to the
2394:
2103:Iqtidar Alam Khan (2008).
2008:Jaswant Lal Mehta (1979).
1501:Iqtidar Alam Khan (2008).
2191:History of Medieval India
2131:History of Medieval India
2079:History of Medieval India
2040:History of Medieval India
1984:History of Medieval India
1954:Kenneth Pletcher (2010).
1866:History of Medieval India
1733:; Sheikh, Samira (eds.).
1617:. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.
1594:Beveridge, Henry (1992).
1477:History of Medieval India
1414:History of Medieval India
710:Muizz-ud-Din Mubarak Shah
440:
436:
412:
400:
348:
38:
33:
2228:. Munshiram Manoharlal.
2205:Arihant Experts (2021).
1157:Ala ud-din Sikandar Shah
718:Yahya-bin-Ahmad Sirhindi
2326:Encyclopædia Britannica
2309:Jackson, Peter (2003).
1769:Surender Singh (2019).
661:Following Timur's 1398
2188:V. D. Mahajan (2007).
2076:V. D. Mahajan (2007).
1981:V. D. Mahajan (2007).
1863:V. D. Mahajan (2007).
1474:V. D. Mahajan (2007).
1411:V. D. Mahajan (2007).
1095:Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq
1058:Qutbuddin Mubarak Shah
841:
801:
765:
714:Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi
647:
589:Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi
583:A contemporary writer
567:, which succeeded the
428:• Disestablished
2025:Proceedings:Volume 55
1597:Tarikh-I-Mubarakshahi
835:
799:
759:
637:
614:and oriental scholar
308:Common languages
1957:The History of India
1107:Muhammad bin Tughluq
991:Muiz ud din Qaiqabad
981:Ghiyas ud din Balban
286:class=notpageimage|
2174:Journal: Issues 1-3
1806:M. A. Khan (2009).
1001:Shamsuddin Kayumars
816:, the ruler of the
618:, Khizr Khan was a
418:• Established
1786:Raj Kumar (2008).
1563:. S. Chand. 1958.
1117:Firuz Shah Tughlaq
951:Muiz ud din Bahram
860:, who started the
842:
814:Hoshang Shah Ghori
802:
773:Firuz Shah Tughlaq
766:
762:Firoz Shah Tughlaq
648:
2265:978-81-215-0227-6
2235:978-81-215-0227-6
1896:978-1-000-76068-2
1752:978-0-19-945066-4
1731:Orsini, Francesca
1688:Eaton, Richard M.
1639:978-93-5118-658-8
1541:978-2-08-030110-9
1333:Persianate states
1324:
1323:
1289:
1288:
1242:
1241:
1185:
1184:
1076:
1075:
1009:
1008:
971:Nasiruddin Mahmud
931:Rukn ud din Firuz
901:Qutb al-Din Aibak
537:
536:
512:
511:
508:
507:
474:
473:
390:• 1443–1451
378:• 1434–1443
366:• 1421–1434
359:Khizr Khan Sayyid
354:• 1414–1421
2385:
2328:– Sayyid dynasty
2314:
2305:
2287:
2286:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2249:
2243:
2242:
2219:
2213:
2212:
2202:
2196:
2195:
2185:
2179:
2178:
2169:
2163:
2148:
2142:
2127:
2121:
2120:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2057:
2051:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1951:
1945:
1939:
1930:
1924:
1918:
1917:
1907:
1901:
1900:
1880:
1874:
1873:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1803:
1797:
1796:
1783:
1777:
1776:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1575:
1569:
1568:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1525:
1519:
1518:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1471:
1465:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1359:
1343:Sadaat-e-Bilgram
1316:
1309:
1302:
1261:Bahlul Khan Lodi
1257:
1256:
1200:
1199:
1101:
1091:
1090:
1048:Shihabuddin Omar
1024:
1023:
961:Ala ud din Masud
897:
896:
884:Ruling dynasties
872:
741:Bahlul Khan Lodi
612:Richard M. Eaton
587:mentions in his
504:
503:
496:Langah Sultanate
490:
489:
478:
477:
465:
464:
458:
457:
442:
441:
280:
278:
273:
266:
264:
257:
255:
246:
244:
235:
233:
224:
222:
215:
213:
206:
204:
197:
195:
186:
184:
175:
173:
166:
164:
157:
155:
146:
144:
137:
135:
126:
124:
115:
113:
104:
102:
95:
93:
86:
84:
75:
73:
64:
62:
53:
47:
21:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2382:
2353:Delhi Sultanate
2338:
2337:
2321:
2308:
2299:
2296:
2291:
2290:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2266:
2251:
2250:
2246:
2236:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2171:
2170:
2166:
2149:
2145:
2128:
2124:
2117:
2102:
2101:
2097:
2090:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2037:
2033:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2007:
2006:
2002:
1995:
1987:. p. 229.
1980:
1979:
1975:
1968:
1960:. p. 138.
1953:
1952:
1948:
1940:
1933:
1925:
1921:
1909:
1908:
1904:
1897:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1869:. p. 221.
1862:
1861:
1857:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1832:. p. 247.
1825:
1824:
1820:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1792:. p. 280.
1785:
1784:
1780:
1768:
1767:
1763:
1753:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1706:
1698:. p. 105.
1686:
1685:
1681:
1671:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1640:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1593:
1592:
1588:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1542:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1515:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1488:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1436:
1432:
1425:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1395:
1393:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1376:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1320:
1291:
1290:
1254:
1244:
1243:
1197:
1187:
1186:
1099:
1088:
1086:Tughlaq dynasty
1078:
1077:
1021:
1011:
1010:
894:
877:Delhi Sultanate
870:
854:
830:
822:Jasrath Khokhar
818:Malwa Sultanate
794:
754:
749:
726:Ala-ud-Din Shah
665:, he appointed
652:Tughlaq Dynasty
632:
581:
569:Tughlaq dynasty
561:Delhi Sultanate
545:Delhi Sultanate
533:
501:
487:
469:Tughlaq dynasty
462:
429:
419:
395:Ala-ud-Din Shah
391:
379:
367:
355:
293:
292:
291:
290:
288:
282:
281:
276:
271:
269:
267:
262:
260:
258:
253:
251:
249:
247:
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229:
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220:
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191:
189:
187:
182:
180:
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2348:Sayyid dynasty
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2319:External links
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2015:
2012:. p. 247.
2000:
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1973:
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1931:
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1919:
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1019:Khalji dynasty
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541:Sayyid dynasty
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2211:. p. 43.
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2016:
2011:
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1889:. Routledge.
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1271:Sikandar Lodi
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1224:Muhammad Shah
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722:Muhammad Shah
719:
715:
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707:
702:
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699:Uttar Pradesh
696:
692:
688:
684:
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672:
669:as deputy of
668:
664:
663:Sack of Delhi
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653:
645:
641:
640:Muhammad Shah
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629:
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607:Abraham Eraly
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432:20 April 1451
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383:Muhammad Shah
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2098:
2082:. S. Chand.
2078:
2071:
2061:
2055:
2039:
2034:
2024:
2018:
2009:
2003:
1983:
1976:
1956:
1949:
1927:Jackson 2003
1922:
1912:
1905:
1885:
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1734:
1723:Digby, Simon
1717:
1709:
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1523:
1503:
1496:
1480:. S. Chand.
1476:
1469:
1433:
1417:. S. Chand.
1413:
1406:
1394:. Retrieved
1392:. Asi.nic.in
1384:
1364:
1357:
1281:Ibrahim Lodi
1252:Lodi dynasty
1214:Mubarak Shah
1194:
1127:Tughluq Khan
1068:Khusrau Khan
875:
862:Lodi dynasty
855:
843:
838:Mubarak Shah
805:Mubarak Shah
803:
792:Mubarak Shah
767:
734:
713:
709:
706:Mubarak Shah
703:
682:
660:
649:
646:, New Delhi.
644:Lodi Gardens
638:The tomb of
605:
588:
582:
573:Lodi dynasty
565:Mubarak Shah
540:
538:
482:Lodi dynasty
451:Succeeded by
450:
445:
371:Mubarak Shah
241:VIJAYANAGARA
192:
110:
92:PHAGMODRUPAS
18:
1396:14 November
858:Bahlol Lodi
716:written by
683:Rayat-i-Ala
616:Simon Digby
446:Preceded by
422:28 May 1414
323:Sunni Islam
2342:Categories
1942:Kumar 2020
1375:0226742210
1349:References
1204:Khizr Khan
1028:Jalaluddin
769:Khizr Khan
752:Khizr Khan
737:Ala-ud-Din
667:Khizr Khan
656:Firuz Shah
555:vassal of
549:Khizr Khan
329:Government
314:(official)
1285:1517–1526
1275:1489–1517
1265:1451–1489
1238:1445–1451
1234:Alam Shah
1228:1434–1445
1218:1421–1434
1208:1414–1421
1181:1394–1413
1171:1394–1398
1151:1390–1393
1141:1389–1390
1131:1388–1389
1121:1351–1388
1111:1325–1351
1100:1320–1325
1062:1316–1320
1042:1296–1316
1032:1290–1296
995:1287–1290
985:1266–1287
975:1246–1266
965:1242–1246
955:1240–1242
945:1236-1240
925:1211–1236
921:Iltutmish
915:1210–1211
911:Aram Shah
905:1206–1210
852:Alam Shah
786:Shah Rukh
695:Shah Rukh
689:) of the
575:in 1451.
319:Religion
254:SULTANATE
232:SULTANATE
154:SULTANATE
143:RAJPUTANA
134:SULTANATE
123:SULTANATE
83:SULTANATE
72:SULTANATE
34:1414–1451
1725:(2014).
1690:(2019).
1566:Bukhārā.
1038:Alauddin
868:See also
836:Tomb of
810:Khalifah
691:Timurids
593:Muhammad
529:Pakistan
333:Monarchy
263:GONDWANA
152:KHANDESH
70:SHAH MIR
2294:Sources
2162:, p.631
2141:, p.244
2050:, p.237
1448:, Brill
775:. When
630:History
624:Khokhar
620:Punjabi
579:Origins
553:Timurid
405:History
312:Persian
298:Capital
212:KAMATAS
181:EASTERN
163:TOMARAS
132:BAHMANI
121:GUJARAT
81:JAUNPUR
59:TIMURID
2262:
2232:
2158:
2137:
2113:
2086:
2046:
1991:
1964:
1893:
1749:
1702:
1667:
1636:
1538:
1511:
1484:
1458:
1444:
1421:
1372:
781:Multan
730:Badaun
687:vassal
679:Sultan
675:Punjab
671:Multan
601:Fatima
597:Sayyid
563:under
557:Multan
408:
344:
340:Sultan
243:EMPIRE
230:BENGAL
221:CHUTIA
193:CHEROS
183:GANGAS
172:TRIPWA
111:KALMAT
101:SAMMAS
61:EMPIRE
25:Sayyid
1729:. In
1437:See:
777:Timur
747:Kings
728:from
524:India
302:Delhi
252:MALWA
2260:ISBN
2230:ISBN
2156:ISBN
2135:ISBN
2111:ISBN
2084:ISBN
2044:ISBN
1989:ISBN
1962:ISBN
1891:ISBN
1747:ISBN
1700:ISBN
1665:ISBN
1634:ISBN
1536:ISBN
1509:ISBN
1482:ISBN
1456:ISBN
1442:ISBN
1419:ISBN
1398:2010
1370:ISBN
1161:1393
1072:1320
1052:1316
1005:1290
935:1236
539:The
203:AHOM
1739:doi
642:at
272:◁
28:سید
2344::
2238:.
1934:^
1812:.
1755:.
1745:.
1708:.
1694:.
1673:.
1642:.
1544:.
864:.
277:▷
2268:.
2119:.
2092:.
1997:.
1970:.
1899:.
1775:.
1741::
1517:.
1490:.
1427:.
1400:.
1378:.
1315:e
1308:t
1301:v
840:.
764:.
685:(
673:(
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