109:. Going beyond the classical music of the late eighteenth century, Chopin's later music revitalised and transcended the brilliant style in several ways: in the first set of Études Op. 10, he introduced new highly concentrated contrapuntal elements; in the Nocturnes, the brilliant effects evolved into a mature ornamental melodic style; and, most importantly, he was able to imbue his works with an over-arching harmonic structure, effortlessly alternating lyrical and virtuosic passages. At the beginning of the 1830s, Chopin thus succeeded in moulding the Viennese multi-movement classical style with the subsequent brilliant style. From that period, sonata form can be discerned in Ballade No. 1 and the brilliant style in Scherzo No. 1. In the same way, Chopin's two late fantaisies breathed new life into the classical keyboard fantasia. For the extended mature works the historical genre titles—"ballade", "scherzo", or "fantaisie"—clearly had significance for Chopin; however, as Chopin scholar
19:
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49:, composed in roughly the same period; these works are examples of large scale autonomous musical pieces, composed within the classical framework, but surpassing previous expressive and technical limitations. Unlike the classical model, the musical form adopted by Chopin is not characterised by humour or elements of surprise, but by highly charged "gestures of despair and demonic energy". Commenting on the first scherzo,
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94:). This musical transformation was preceded by Chopin's new attitude to life: after adulation in Warsaw, he felt disillusioned by lukewarm audiences in Vienna; then his prospects as a pianist-composer seemed less inviting; and lastly nostalgia and the recent 1830 Polish uprising drew him back spiritually to Poland. As a result, the emphasis on his music became focussed on composition instead of performance.
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arched figures that rise and fall with the dynamics. In summary, Chopin established the one-movement scherzos as a genre in which the piece grew out of the opening fragmentary gestures, heard at the outset in the initial short and contrasting musical ideas. (For a more detailed musical analysis, please see the links to the main article of each scherzo.)
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Each of the four scherzos starts with abrupt or fragmentary motifs, which create a sense of tension or unease. The opening gestures of
Scherzo No. 1 involve texture, dynamics and range: strident chords are followed by rapid will-o-the-wisp passagework, rising with crescendos—motifs that recur during
85:
Starting in the early 1830s, after his departure from Poland, Chopin's musical style changed significantly, entering a mature period with compositions of exceptional single-movement pieces on a monumental scale, stamped with his unmistakable signature. There were ten of these extended works—the four
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rumblings are followed by a dramatic forceful response, all of which are repeated. The gesture that begins
Scherzo No. 3 is similar to that of Scherzo No. 2, but less pronounced. The beginning of Scherzo No. 4 alternates two contrasting textures and harmonies—first subdued chords and then faster
123:
off the beat, clearly articulated rhythms and rising or falling patterns. The scherzos in Chopin's piano sonatas start from
Beethoven's model, particularly for his late sonatas and chamber music. Although various Beethovenian features are preserved—an A–B–A structure with sections A and B
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The musical form "scherzo" comes from the
Italian word 'joke'. In its classical form, it is usually part of a multi-movement work, in triple time with a lively tempo and light-hearted mood. Beethoven's scherzos perfectly exemplify this type of movement, with characteristic
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and "expand immeasurably both the scale of the genre and its expressive range". In these piano pieces, particular the first three, any initial feeling of levity or jocularity is replaced by "an almost demonic power and energy".
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The four scherzos are part of the established Chopin piano repertoire and have been recorded by many well-known pianists, including
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accents—in terms of musical depth, Chopin's four scherzos enter into a different and grander realm. They are all marked
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pieces for solo piano, composed between 1833 and 1843. They are often linked to Chopin's
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Introduction, Theme and
Variations in D on a Venetian air, for piano 4-hands, KK. IVa/6
421:"wie sich der Ernst kleiden solle, wenn schon der 'Scherz' in dunklen Schleiern geht",
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521:(1992). "Extended forms: the ballades, scherzos and fantasies". In Samson, Jim (ed.).
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173:, was published in 1835. As to its genesis dates, nothing more is surely known.
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Chopin's early musical style originated in the "brilliant" virtuosic pianism of
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wrote: "How is 'gravity' to clothe itself if 'jest' goes about in dark veils?"
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Autograph manuscript of
Scherzo No. 4, Op. 54 in E major, 1842–1843,
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Variations in E major for flute and piano on "Non piĂą mesta" from
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309:, was presumably composed in the summers of 1842 and 1843 in
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501:(originally published in 1888). Retrieved 30 August 2010.
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the movement. In
Scherzo No. 2, the initial fragmentary
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Andante spianato et grande polonaise brillante, Op. 22
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contrasting, triple time, pronounced articulation and
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ballades, the four scherzos and the two fantaisies (
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2045:Introduction et Variations sur un Lied allemand
198:, was composed between 1835 and 1837 in Paris.
648:Andante spianato et grande polonaise brillante
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8:
113:comments, "ultimately he transcended them".
1236:Introduction and Polonaise brillante, Op. 3
684:Introduction and Polonaise brillante, Op. 3
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1902:in G minor (arr. of the piano part of the
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1288:Posthumous polonaises without opus numbers
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1802:major on "Je vends des scapulaires" from
557:International Music Score Library Project
1583:(versions for solo piano and two pianos)
1082:Posthumous mazurkas without opus numbers
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276:, was composed 1838–1839, begun in the
2244:International Chopin Piano Competition
274:Scherzo No. 3 in C-sharp minor, Op. 39
254:
491:Frédéric Chopin as a Man and Musician
196:Scherzo No. 2 in B-flat minor, Op. 31
81:and he worked during winter 1838–1839
7:
2344:List of compositions by opus number
614:Variations on "LĂ ci darem la mano"
1148:Nocturne in E minor, Op. posth. 72
468:(in German and English). MĂĽnchen:
459:(2018). MĂĽllemann, Norbert (ed.).
14:
1879:Three Écossaises, Op. posth. 72/3
523:The Cambridge Companion to Chopin
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2071:An Evening with the Royal Ballet
1948:Cours de contrepoint et de fugue
307:Scherzo No. 4 in E major, Op. 54
255:Problems playing this file? See
233:
171:Scherzo No. 1 in B minor, Op. 20
2387:Compositions by Frédéric Chopin
1745:Waltz in B minor, Op. 69, No. 2
1581:Rondo in C major, Op. posth. 73
1164:Nocturne in C minor, Op. posth.
694:Cello Sonata in G minor, Op. 65
1:
2339:List of compositions by genre
1896:(Moderato) in E major, B. 151
343:Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli
1765:Waltz in A minor, Op. posth.
1760:Waltz in E major, Op. posth.
1755:Waltz in E minor, Op. posth.
1587:Rondo Ă la Krakowiak, Op. 14
689:Piano Trio in G minor, Op. 8
642:Piano Concerto No. 2, Op. 21
2392:Compositions for solo piano
2175:Musical Moments from Chopin
1876:in C minor, Op. posth. 72/2
1666:Grande valse brillante in E
1283:3 Polonaises, Op. posth. 71
1278:Polonaise-Fantaisie, Op. 61
621:Piano Concerto No. 1 Op. 11
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2113:Les Sylphides (Chopiniana)
527:Cambridge University Press
424:Neue Zeitschrift fĂĽr Musik
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187:
162:
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2239:Fryderyk Chopin Institute
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2021:Variation in E major for
1915:Canon in F minor, B. 129a
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1939:Fugue in A minor, B. 144
1750:3 Waltzes, Op. posth. 70
1640:No. 4 in E major, Op. 54
1613:No. 1 in B minor, Op. 20
1210:No. 3 in B minor, Op. 58
985:Fantaisie-Impromptu in C
753:No. 4 in F minor, Op. 52
737:No. 2 in F major, Op. 38
732:No. 1 in G minor, Op. 23
493:. Echo Library. p. 494.
476: 979-0-2018-0887-1.
278:Valldemossa Charterhouse
71:Valldemossa Charterhouse
2234:Chopin National Edition
2151:Chopin: Desire for Love
2011:Variations in A major,
1936:major (doubtful), B. 17
1557:Rondo in C minor, Op. 1
1190:No. 1 in C minor, Op. 4
462:Scherzi, Urtext Edition
24:Biblioteka Jagiellońska
2249:Fryderyk Chopin Museum
2099:A Month in the Country
1736:major, Op. 69, No. 1 (
1699:major, Op. 64, No. 1 (
1251:2 Polonaises, Op. 40 (
927:Trois nouvelles Ă©tudes
918:Trois nouvelles Ă©tudes
627:Fantasy on Polish Airs
301:Scherzo No. 4 (Chopin)
296:
268:Scherzo No. 3 (Chopin)
222:
210:
190:Scherzo No. 2 (Chopin)
185:
165:Scherzo No. 1 (Chopin)
160:
82:
27:
2085:Dances at a Gathering
1794:Variations brillantes
295:
221:
209:
184:
159:
107:Johann Nepomuk Hummel
69:upright piano in the
64:
21:
2198:Ludwika Jędrzejewicz
2040:, B.9, KK. Anh. Ia/5
1942:3 Fugues; arr. from
1890:Without opus numbers
1844:Fantaisie in F minor
1725:major, Op. 64, No. 3
1714:minor, Op. 64, No. 2
1246:2 Polonaises, Op. 26
991:minor, Op. posth. 66
699:Grand Duo concertant
635:Rondo Ă la Krakowiak
529:. pp. 101–123.
103:Carl Maria von Weber
2127:Cultural depictions
1912:2 Bourrées, B. 160b
1528:(ded. Pierre Wolff)
1269:Polonaise, Op. 53 (
1260:Polonaise, Op. 44 (
1143:2 Nocturnes, Op. 62
1138:2 Nocturnes, Op. 55
1133:2 Nocturnes, Op. 48
1128:2 Nocturnes, Op. 37
1123:2 Nocturnes, Op. 32
1118:2 Nocturnes, Op. 27
1113:3 Nocturnes, Op. 15
472:. pp. IX–XIV.
1837:Allegro de concert
1108:3 Nocturnes, Op. 9
1077:4 Mazurkas, Op. 68
1072:4 Mazurkas, Op. 67
1067:3 Mazurkas, Op. 63
1062:3 Mazurkas, Op. 59
1057:3 Mazurkas, Op. 56
1052:3 Mazurkas, Op. 50
1047:4 Mazurkas, Op. 41
1042:4 Mazurkas, Op. 33
1037:4 Mazurkas, Op. 30
1032:4 Mazurkas, Op. 24
1027:4 Mazurkas, Op. 17
656:Allegro de concert
359:Sviatoslav Richter
351:Vladimir Ashkenazy
297:
223:
211:
186:
161:
83:
28:
2352:
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2059:Ballets to Chopin
2054:
2053:
1987:KlavierstĂĽck in E
1978:KlavierstĂĽck in E
1969:KlavierstĂĽck in B
1790:With opus numbers
1773:
1772:
1677:3 Waltzes, Op. 34
1648:
1647:
1595:
1594:
1565:in F major, Op. 5
1541:
1540:
1492:No. 24 in D minor
1487:No. 23 in F major
1482:No. 22 in G minor
1466:No. 20 in C minor
1450:No. 18 in F minor
1379:No. 11 in B major
1296:
1295:
1218:
1217:
1172:
1171:
1159:minor, Op. posth.
1090:
1089:
1022:5 Mazurkas, Op. 7
1017:4 Mazurkas, Op. 6
999:
998:
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601:Concertante works
553:Scherzos (Chopin)
487:Niecks, Frederick
427:, 2/1835, p. 155.
399:Krystian Zimerman
335:Arthur Rubinstein
323:Vladimir Horowitz
239:
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2135:Nocturne of Love
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1930:Contredanse in G
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1563:Rondo Ă la mazur
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1363:No. 9 in E major
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1347:No. 7 in A major
1342:No. 6 in B minor
1337:No. 5 in D major
1332:No. 4 in E minor
1327:No. 3 in G major
1322:No. 2 in A minor
1317:No. 1 in C major
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555:: Scores at the
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457:Chopin, Frédéric
453:
428:
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403:Boris Berezovsky
367:Daniel Barenboim
347:Maurizio Pollini
331:Walter Gieseking
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134:presto con fuoco
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2371:Classical music
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2333:Frédéric Chopin
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2143:Youth of Chopin
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1993:(1840), P. 2/10
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1885:, Op. posth. 74
1883:17 Polish songs
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1862:Barcarolle in F
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1201:minor, Op. 35 (
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706:19 Polish Songs
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593:Frédéric Chopin
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363:Martha Argerich
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99:Daniel Steibelt
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51:Robert Schumann
31:Frédéric Chopin
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2193:Nicolas Chopin
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2167:Eternal Sonata
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2037:La Cenerentola
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2009:
2006:2 Polish songs
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1984:(1837), P. 2/5
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1975:(1834), P. 2/6
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1874:Marche funèbre
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1961:Galop Marquis
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1850:Berceuse in D
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1779:Miscellaneous
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1635:minor, Op. 39
1627:
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1568:
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1532:Devil's Trill
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1203:Funeral March
1193:
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1178:Piano sonatas
1175:
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1153:Nocturne in C
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391:Seong-Jin Cho
388:
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327:Alfred Cortot
324:
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288:Scherzo No. 4
287:
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230:
229:Scherzo No. 3
208:
202:Scherzo No. 3
201:
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177:Scherzo No. 2
176:
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152:Scherzo No. 1
151:
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47:four ballades
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2335:}}
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2266:{{
2207:Other topics
2173:
2170:(video game)
2165:
2158:
2149:
2141:
2133:
2111:
2106:Other Dances
2104:
2097:
2092:In the Night
2090:
2083:
2076:
2069:
2044:
2035:
2022:
2013:Souvenir de
2012:
2008:, B. 51, 132
1960:
1950:, KK. VIIa/2
1947:
1927:major, B. 84
1918:
1905:
1899:
1893:
1873:
1835:
1816:
1807:
1793:
1737:
1700:
1600:
1562:
1531:
1520:Prelude in A
1508:Prelude in C
1270:
1261:
1252:
1202:
925:
917:
655:
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626:
613:
522:
490:
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470:Henle-Verlag
461:
422:
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355:Dinu Lipatti
320:
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96:
84:
39:(or scherzi)
34:
29:
15:
2275:Concertante
2254:Chopin Year
2224:Biographies
2154:(2002 film)
2146:(1952 film)
2138:(1919 film)
2078:The Concert
1953:Galopp in A
1471:No. 21 in B
1455:No. 19 in E
1439:No. 17 in A
1428:No. 16 in B
1417:No. 15 in D
1406:No. 14 in E
1395:No. 13 in F
1384:No. 12 in G
1368:No. 10 in C
519:Samson, Jim
339:Emil Gilels
79:George Sand
41:are single-
2381:Categories
2303:Polonaises
1996:Largo in E
1963:), P. 2/13
1894:Album Leaf
1730:Waltz in A
1719:Waltz in A
1708:Waltz in C
1693:Waltz in D
1682:Waltz in A
1629:No. 3 in C
1618:No. 2 in B
1570:Rondo in E
1352:No. 8 in F
1224:Polonaises
1195:No. 2 in B
974:No. 3 in G
963:No. 2 in F
952:No. 1 in A
941:Impromptus
742:No. 3 in A
435:References
379:John Ogdon
371:Emanuel Ax
317:Recordings
257:media help
244:Played by
144:sotto voce
111:Jim Samson
2296:Nocturnes
2229:Memorials
2178:(cartoon)
2024:Hexameron
1944:Cherubini
1919:Cantabile
1909:), B. 117
1900:Andantino
1096:Nocturnes
673:and songs
126:sforzando
120:sforzandi
65:Chopin's
2397:Scherzos
2317:Scherzos
2310:Preludes
2289:Mazurkas
2268:Ballades
2027:, B. 113
2015:Paganini
2002:, B. 109
1999:♭
1990:♭
1981:♭
1972:♭
1956:♭
1933:♭
1924:♭
1870:, Op. 60
1865:♯
1858:, Op. 57
1853:♭
1846:, Op. 49
1840:, Op. 46
1832:, Op. 43
1827:♭
1820:, Op. 19
1812:, Op. 12
1799:♭
1738:Farewell
1733:♭
1722:♭
1711:♯
1696:♭
1685:♭
1669:♭
1632:♯
1621:♭
1601:Scherzos
1573:♭
1523:♭
1516:, Op. 45
1511:♯
1474:♭
1458:♭
1442:♭
1431:♭
1420:♭
1409:♭
1398:♯
1387:♯
1371:♯
1355:♯
1302:Preludes
1253:Military
1198:♭
1156:♯
1005:Mazurkas
988:♯
977:♭
966:♯
955:♭
745:♭
720:Ballades
658:, Op. 46
650:, Op. 22
637:, Op. 14
629:, Op. 13
489:(2009).
387:Yundi Li
282:Mallorca
77:, where
75:Mallorca
57:Overview
43:movement
37:scherzos
26:, KrakĂłw
2324:Waltzes
2161:(opera)
2047:, B. 14
2032:Rossini
2018:, B. 37
1809:Ludovic
1654:Waltzes
1534:Prelude
1310:Opus 28
846:Opus 25
775:Opus 10
616:, Op. 2
2357:Portal
2282:Études
2214:Health
2186:Family
2159:Chopin
1906:Wiosna
1817:Boléro
1804:HĂ©rold
1701:Minute
1546:Rondos
1501:Others
1271:Heroic
1262:Tragic
908:No. 12
903:No. 11
898:No. 10
837:No. 12
832:No. 11
827:No. 10
767:Études
533:
497:
311:Nohant
130:presto
88:Op. 49
67:Pleyel
2219:Heart
1904:song
1868:major
1856:major
1830:major
1526:major
1514:minor
1477:major
1461:major
1445:major
1434:minor
1423:major
1412:minor
1401:major
1390:minor
1374:minor
1358:minor
893:No. 9
888:No. 8
883:No. 7
878:No. 6
873:No. 5
868:No. 4
863:No. 3
858:No. 2
853:No. 1
822:No. 9
817:No. 8
812:No. 7
807:No. 6
802:No. 5
797:No. 4
792:No. 3
787:No. 2
782:No. 1
466:(PDF)
409:Notes
35:four
1921:in B
1796:in B
531:ISBN
495:ISBN
474:ISMN
401:and
305:The
272:The
194:The
169:The
105:and
90:and
2034:'s
1946:'s
1806:'s
132:or
33:'s
2383::
525:.
506:^
442:^
405:.
397:,
393:,
389:,
385:,
381:,
377:,
373:,
369:,
365:,
361:,
357:,
353:,
349:,
345:,
341:,
337:,
333:,
329:,
325:,
313:.
284:.
280:,
101:,
92:61
73:,
2359::
1959:(
1740:)
1703:)
1273:)
1264:)
1255:)
1205:)
585:e
578:t
571:v
539:.
259:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
