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density of 30 g/m and are then covered with fine soil and straw, pine needles or a grass mat. Alternatively, the seeds can be cultivated in pots and then transplanted to the field. The soil should be kept humid for the seeds to soak up with water. Three years after sowing, the plants will blossom for the first time. Normally, the plants start flowering from middle or late May to early June. As the flowers are prone to frost damage, they are best grown in areas where the chances for frost in May and June are low. Starting from June to July the fruits develop and ripen from August to
September. In spring, summer or fall pruning of Schisandra vines is necessary to improve ventilation and light conditions, ensure an endogenous nutrition status and increase the number of female flowers and thus overall fruit yield. Furthermore, sprouting tillers that compete for nutrition with the main Schisandra vine should be cut away.
515:
ones. The flowers typically grow out of the leaf axils in clusters, later forming grape clusters with berries, but can also be found solitary. The male flower has 5 stamens with filaments of different lengths The flowers of S. chinensis are important for various pollinators such as bees, beetles and small moths. The fruits of
Schisandra chinensis are red berries which are smooth and shiny, have a spherical shape and reach 5–10 mm in diameter. They grow in dense hanging clusters of 2–5 berries which reach a length of about 6–8 cm. Each berry usually contains 1–2 brownish yellow kidney-shaped seeds. The seeds have the capacity to stay dormant and to form seed banks. Distribution of seeds mainly occurs through birds.
543:). Major cultivation of Schisandra is located in Korea and China. The production however declined continuously due to the increased deforestation in Asia. Schisandra can be integrated in agroforestry farming systems as it climbs up trees to get better light conditions. On a large-scale production Schisandra plants are grown similar to grape vines and are tied up on stakes in vertical columns. Therefore, cultivation requirements are thought to be similar to those of grapes.
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prevent the direct exposure of the fruits to the sun. Furthermore, irrigation can help to lower surface temperatures on the fruits. Frost damages can cause necrotic leaves and weakens the vitality of the plant. Frost damages can be prevented by covering the roots, maintaining temperatures through smoke or irrigation, applying antifreeze fluid and P-K fertilizers (i.e. phosphorus and potassium fertilizers).
33:
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554:). Seedlings of 'Eastern Prince' are sometimes sold under the same name, but are typically single-sex plants. Another monoecious cultivar mainly planted in China is "Hong-zhen-zhu". This cultivar is next to "Bai Wu-wei-zi", "Chang-bai-hong", and "Da-chuan-hong" one of the main cultivars in China used for germplasm resources.
495:
or
Maximowich's red grape. The name Limonnik comes from the lemony smell of different plant organs, especially the leaves. The prostrate woody stems usually grow 8–9 metres (26–30 ft) tall, but can reach a length of up to 25m. They are dark brown in colour and can reach 1.5–2 cm in thickness.
514:
The female flowers are white or cream-coloured and turn slightly reddish to the end of the flowering season. They have 5–12 waxy, spirally arranged tepals forming the perianth and 12–120 pistils. The tepals show a transition in colour from green for the outer tepals to more pigmentation for the inner
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or frost damage. Sun scald from heat can lead to pathogenic infections. Sun scald can be controlled by applying more organic fertilizers, promoting vertical rooting, keeping an appropriate branch-fruit ratio and leaf-fruit ratio. These prevention measures enhance the plant's tolerance to drought and
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is a perennial, deciduous woody vine plant found at high latitudes and in cool climatic conditions. It commonly grows in natural coniferous or mixed forests or along streams and climbs up other trees or shrubs to reach optimal light conditions. In Russia, Schisandra chinensis is also called
Limonnik
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Plants can be propagated by seed or by layering in spring or autumn, or in the summer time by using semi-ripe cuttings. Schisandra seeds are planted in early May (the seasons mentioned in here refer to China), sprout after 15–20 days and the plants grow until late
September. The seeds are sown at a
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The flowers of
Schisandra are unisexual and the species itself is dioecious. The plant is therefore not self-fertile, hence flowers on a female plant will only produce fruit when fertilized with pollen from a male plant. However, a hybrid selection titled 'Eastern Prince' has perfect flowers and is
498:
New shoots are typically short, but they continue their growth after flowering until late in the season. The leaves are simple, oval-shaped (5–11 cm long and 3–7 cm wide) and alternating and the petioles have a slight red colouring. Multicellular trichomes are located on the abaxial leaf
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For the cultivation of young
Schisandra plants a nutrient rich soil is required, wherefore mostly manure is applied as organic fertilizer. Organic high-N and high-H fertilizer should be applied at the embryonic stage and later on it should be fertilized with high-P and high-K. During key growth
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mostly grow in mixed forests, valleys and open forest spaces. The plant can grow in wet environments and tolerates cold temperatures to −30 °C. Its optimal growing temperature is at 20–25 °C. Schisandra grows in acidic (pH of 6.5 – 6.8), deep and loose sandy loam soils. Furthermore,
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stages it is best to undertake a foliar fertilization to ensure normal fruit production. As the quantity of female flowers is a key point to increase
Schisandra berry yields, barax, ammonium molybdate, and lanthanum nitrate fertilizers can be applied in July as foliar fertilizer.
737:. Prior to fungicidal application, prevention measures should be applied to lower the risk for fungal outbreaks. Only if economic thresholds are exceeded one should apply fungicides. Prevention measures in Schisandra cultivation could be:
808:
The first fruit harvest of the
Schisandra plant usually takes place 4–5 years after planting. In China, the ripe fruits are harvested in September. The berries in Europe may ripen earlier, possibly in August.
1632:"Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (Chinese magnolia vine) as a medicinal plant species: a review on the bioactive components, pharmacological properties, analytical and biotechnological studies"
2734:
2098:
Guan
Tianshu, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Zhu Maoshan, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Li Baihong, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences (2009).
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550:, requiring flowers of a female plant to be fertilized with pollen from a male plant. A hybrid selection titled 'Eastern Prince' has flowers and is self-fertile (
2012:
Yu, R. H.; Gao, J.; Wang, J.; Wang, X. (2011). "First Report of Botrytis Leaf Blight and Fruit Rot on Schisandra chinensis Caused by Botrytis cinerea in China".
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Nina C, Elisaveta O, Ion R, Adelina D, Doina C, Alexandru F (2011). "The Biology of the Propagation of Species Schisandra Chinensis (Turcz.) Baill".
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belongs to the family of Schisandraceae. In earlier years, it was assumed that the species belonged to the family of Magnoliaceae, hence the name
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358:), is a vine plant native to forests of Northern China, the Russian Far East and Korea. Wild varieties are also found in Japan. It is hardy in
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Wang, X.; Wang, J.; Gao, J.; Yang, L. (2012). "First Report of Leaf Spot Disease on Schisandra chinensis Caused by Phoma glomerata in China".
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Schisandra cannot withstand dense and compact soils and prefers soils rich in humus. The plant grows in shade with moist, well-drained soil.
1995:"Effects of Barax, Ammonium molybdate and Lanthanum nitrate Trace Fertilizers on Blossom and Yields of Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.) Baill"
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1295:
Panossian A, Wikman G (July 2008). "Pharmacology of Schisandra chinensis Bail.: an overview of Russian research and uses in medicine".
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The roots of Schisandra chinensis are branched and stay close to the soil surface. Nodes located on the stems can also produce roots.
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Li RT, Han QB, Zhao AH, Sun HD (October 2003). "Micranoic acids A and B: two new octanortriterpenoids from Schisandra micrantha".
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self-fertile. Seedlings of 'Eastern Prince' are sometimes sold under the same name, but are typically single-sex plants.
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To lower infections of soil-borne diseases carbendazol hydratable powder or amobam can be applied after sowing.
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2132:"Monitoring and risk assessment of pesticides in fresh omija (Schizandra chinensis Baillon) fruit and juice"
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2100:"Biological characteristics of the pathogen of schisandra chinensis leaf blotch, alternaria tenuissima"
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393:: salty, sweet, sour, pungent (spicy), and bitter. Sometimes, it is more specifically called
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Lu Y, Chen DF (March 2009). "Analysis of Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra sphenanthera".
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953:) in Russia was associated with investigations by Soviet scientists on berries and seeds.
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362:. The fruits are red berries in dense clusters around 10 centimetres (3.9 in) long.
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between Schisandra and members of Magnoliaceae led to the formation of Schisandraceae.
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was first published by André Michaux in 1803, the name deriving from the Greek words
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appropriate increase of P and K fertilizers (increased plant resistance to disease),
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902:. When crushed, the leaves release a lemony smell and can be used as a vegetable.
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To control fungal diseases on Schisandra different fungicides are applied such as
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The 'five flavour' name comes from the fact that its berries possess five basic
1719:"THE BIOLOGY OF THE PROPAGATION OF SPECIES SCHISANDRA CHINENSIS (TURCZ.) BAILL"
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Wang H (2012). "Study of the Optimum Harvest Time of Schisandra Chinensis".
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783:. Prevention measures to control insects in Schisandra cultures could be:
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847: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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401:; 'northern five-flavor berry') to distinguish it from another
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avoid complete coverage of frame areas and a too high plant density,
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1961:
Schisandra chinensis : an herb of north eastern China origin
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Schisandra chinensis : an herb of north eastern China origin
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Schisandra chinensis : an herb of north eastern China origin
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Schisandra chinensis : an herb of north eastern China origin
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Schisandra chinensis : an herb of north eastern China origin
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Schisandra chinensis : an herb of north eastern China origin
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Schisandra chinensis : an herb of north eastern China origin
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Saunders RM (2000). "Monograph of Schisandra (Schisandraceae)".
463:('man'), referring to the separate anther cells on the stamens.
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816:
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remove dead leaves and injured branches (sources of insects),
1138:"Schisandra chinensis – Plants For A Future database report"
1533:
Schisandra Chinensis: An Herb of North Eastern China Origin
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remove the insects by hand if they appear in small numbers,
1163:
Moskin J, Fabricant F, Wells P, Fox N (29 November 2011).
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maintain a sufficient ventilation and light transmittance,
1536:. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing. pp. 1–10.
1201:"Hwachae: Refreshing Beverages to Beat the Summer Heat"
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lamina. Stomata show a irregular, random distribution.
421:, has a similar but different biochemical profile. The
2246:
Batchelor J, Miyabe K (1893). "Ainu economic plants".
2130:
Jeong, Hye Ran; Lim, Sung Jin; Cho, Jae Young (2012).
351:
1929:. Yin, Jun, Qin, Chuixin. Singapore. pp. 25–32.
1833:. Yin, Jun, Qin, Chuixin. Singapore. pp. 14–15.
1745:. Yin, Jun, Qin, Chuixin. Singapore. pp. 11–12.
1602:"WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants. Vol. 3"
1488:. Yin, Jun, Qin, Chuixin. Singapore. pp. 32–33.
1688:. Yin, Jun, Qin, Chuixin. Singapore. pp. 9–10.
1372:"8 Healthy Korean Teas To Enjoy Throughout The Year"
329:
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961:In 1998, Russia released a postage stamp depicting
575:Temperature dependent damage to Schisandra involve
756:remove dead leaves from the ground in the fall and
1964:. Yin, Jun, Qin, Chuixin. Singapore. p. 22.
1871:. Yin, Jun, Qin, Chuixin. Singapore. p. 24.
796:biological control agents (e.g. parasitic wasps).
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539:is native to northern and northeastern China (
1210:. No. 19. pp. 76–79. Archived from
8:
2248:Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan
934:indigenous to Japan used this plant (called
415:areas. Another species of schisandra berry,
2735:Plants used in traditional Chinese medicine
2190:Medicinal Plants of China, Korea, and Japan
2104:Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University
1290:
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863:Learn how and when to remove this message
741:no transplantation of infected seedlings,
443:; 'southern five-flavor berry').
582:
2222:"Schisandra chinensis - (Turcz.) Baill"
1112:United States Department of Agriculture
1103:Germplasm Resources Information Network
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1999:Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
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1793:Encyclopedia of herbs & their uses
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1448:Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
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474:. However, many differences in plant
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1630:Szopa A, Ekiert R, Ekiert H (2017).
1330:
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883:. Chemical constituents include the
845:adding citations to reliable sources
916:: 오미자) into a cordial drink called
2745:Taxa named by Henri Ernest Baillon
2578:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60456331-2
2323:University of California, Berkeley
2254:. R. Meiklejohn & Co: 198–240.
14:
2750:Taxa named by Nikolai Turczaninow
694:To control weeds, the herbicides
2684:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554568-1
2286:
1370:Agbor, Nnehkai (16 March 2017).
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832:needs additional citations for
1265:. Nagaokashoten. p. 242.
1165:"The Year's Notable Cookbooks"
713:, fluquinconazole, triforine,
439:
310:
1:
1460:10.1016/S0367-326X(99)00102-1
1199:Yoon, Sook-ja (Summer 2005).
1108:Agricultural Research Service
607:Serica orientalis Motschulsky
519:Climate and soil requirements
2136:Food and Chemical Toxicology
1576:Journal of Plant Development
1413:Systematic Botany Monographs
1349:10.1016/j.chroma.2008.09.070
1297:Journal of Ethnopharmacology
938:) as a remedy for colds and
779:can be controlled with e.g.
771:can be controlled with e.g.
1600:World Health Organization.
1337:Journal of Chromatography A
613:leaf blight and fruit rot (
352:
330:
2766:
908:make the berries known as
16:Species of flowering plant
2148:10.1016/j.fct.2011.10.064
1648:10.1007/s11101-016-9470-4
1309:10.1016/j.jep.2008.04.020
759:avoid excessive watering.
640:Pseudaulacaspis pentagona
434:
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171:
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41:Scientific classification
39:
30:
23:
1717:CIORCHINĂ, NINA (2011).
286:, whose fruit is called
227:P.H.Huang & L.H.Zhuo
2188:Wiart C (11 May 2012).
2171:Modern Chinese Medicine
2069:10.1094/PDIS-09-11-0760
2026:10.1094/PDIS-02-11-0086
506:Generative plant organs
487:Vegetative plant organs
418:Schisandra sphenanthera
2300:"Schisandra chinensis"
1795:. Montréal: RD Press.
1636:Phytochemistry Reviews
1246:. 山と渓谷社. p. 389.
1067:(magnolia berry punch)
546:The species itself is
425:distinguishes between
268:Sphaerostema japonicum
192:Maximowiczia chinensis
183:Maximowiczia amurensis
1530:Ko, Kam-Ming (2015).
658:Eupoecilia ambiguella
650:Alternaria tenuissima
472:Chinese magnolia-vine
466:In the 21st century,
411:, that grows only in
380:Chinese magnolia-vine
206:Maximowiczia japonica
2552:Schisandra_chinensis
2372:Schisandra chinensis
2342:Schisandra chinensis
2314:Schisandra chinensis
2295:at Wikimedia Commons
2293:Schisandra chinensis
2268:Schisandra chinensis
1096:Schisandra chinensis
1050:(magnolia berry tea)
881:traditional medicine
841:improve this article
793:use insect traps and
584:Pests of Schisandra
525:Schisandra chinensis
492:Schisandra chinensis
468:Schisandra chinensis
423:Chinese Pharmacopeia
283:Schisandra chinensis
220:Schisandra chinensis
146:Schisandra chinensis
25:Schisandra chinensis
2725:Dietary supplements
2305:Plants for a Future
2226:Plants for a Future
1142:Plants for a Future
629:leaf spot disease (
597:root and stem rot (
585:
253:Schisandra japonica
1993:Peng, Wei (2010).
1777:. Bay Flora. 2016.
1261:平野隆久, ed. (1997).
1170:The New York Times
957:In popular culture
744:use of fresh soil,
719:thiophanate-methyl
672:Phassus excrescens
623:Diaphania pyloalis
583:
571:Pests and diseases
242:Schisandra repanda
2707:
2706:
2629:Kadsura chinensis
2537:Open Tree of Life
2334:Taxon identifiers
2291:Media related to
2207:978-0-429-11259-1
1971:978-981-4635-93-6
1936:978-981-4635-93-6
1878:978-981-4635-93-6
1840:978-981-4635-93-6
1752:978-981-4635-93-6
1726:Plant Development
1695:978-981-4635-93-6
1543:978-981-4651-22-6
1495:978-981-4635-93-6
873:
872:
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717:, fenbuconazole,
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589:Pathogenic pests
459:('to split') and
370:Common names for
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292:five-flavor fruit
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174:Kadsura chinensis
128:S. chinensis
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892:deoxyschizandrin
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763:Insects such as
706:can be applied.
616:Botrytis cinerea
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408:Kadsura japonica
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94:Austrobaileyales
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2695:
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2597:
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2524:Observation.org
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2397:
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2259:
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2240:
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2187:
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2182:
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2129:
2128:
2119:
2097:
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2049:
2011:
2010:
2006:
1992:
1991:
1987:
1972:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1937:
1922:
1921:
1894:
1879:
1864:
1863:
1856:
1841:
1826:
1825:
1818:
1803:
1791:Bown D (1995).
1790:
1789:
1782:
1775:"Magnolia vine"
1773:
1772:
1768:
1753:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1721:
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1445:
1444:
1440:
1410:
1409:
1392:
1382:
1380:
1369:
1368:
1364:
1343:(11): 1980–90.
1334:
1333:
1324:
1294:
1293:
1282:
1273:
1260:
1254:
1241:
1237:
1230:
1220:
1218:
1217:on 3 March 2016
1214:
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992:
983:
980:
971:
959:
869:
858:
852:
849:
838:
826:
815:
806:
692:
632:Phoma glomerata
573:
564:
534:
523:Wild plants of
521:
508:
489:
484:
449:
431:S. sphenanthera
403:schisandraceous
368:
266:
251:
249:(Y.N.Lee) M.Kim
240:
238:(Y.N.Lee) M.Kim
229:
218:
204:
190:
181:
160:
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144:
131:
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2763:
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2740:Flora of China
2737:
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2712:
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2702:
2701:
2688:
2675:
2662:
2649:
2633:
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2617:wfo-0000495099
2608:
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2582:
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2546:
2533:
2520:
2507:
2494:
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2403:
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2281:External links
2279:
2276:
2275:
2257:
2238:
2213:
2206:
2198:10.1201/b12046
2180:
2161:
2142:(2): 385–389.
2117:
2106:(in Chinese).
2090:
2047:
2004:
1985:
1970:
1958:Ko, Kam-Ming.
1950:
1935:
1923:Ko, Kam-Ming.
1892:
1877:
1865:Ko, Kam-Ming.
1854:
1839:
1827:Ko, Kam-Ming.
1816:
1801:
1780:
1766:
1751:
1739:Ko, Kam-Ming.
1731:
1709:
1694:
1682:Ko, Kam-Ming.
1671:
1642:(2): 195–218.
1617:
1585:
1557:
1542:
1509:
1494:
1473:
1454:(10): 1174–6.
1438:
1390:
1362:
1322:
1303:(2): 183–212.
1280:
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711:pyraclostrobin
691:
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666:powdery mildew
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104:Schisandraceae
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2192:. CRC Press.
2191:
2184:
2181:
2176:
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2057:Plant Disease
2051:
2048:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2014:Plant Disease
2008:
2005:
2000:
1996:
1989:
1986:
1981:
1977:
1973:
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1963:
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1274:
1272:4-522-21557-6
1268:
1264:
1259:
1255:
1253:4-635-07003-4
1249:
1245:
1242:勝山輝男 (2000).
1240:
1239:
1235:
1233:
1229:
1213:
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1072:
1066:
1065:
1064:Omija-hwachae
1058:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1041:
1036:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1018:
1014:
1009:
1002:
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901:
897:
893:
889:
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867:
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846:
842:
836:
835:
830:This section
828:
824:
819:
818:
812:
810:
803:
801:
795:
792:
789:
786:
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784:
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740:
739:
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732:
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724:
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712:
707:
705:
701:
700:pendimethalin
697:
689:
683:
681:
678:
677:
674:
673:
669:
667:
664:
663:
660:
659:
655:
652:
651:
647:leaf blotch (
646:
645:
642:
641:
637:
634:
633:
628:
627:
624:
621:
618:
617:
612:
611:
608:
605:
602:
601:
596:
595:
592:Insect pests
591:
588:
587:
581:
578:
570:
568:
562:Fertilization
561:
559:
555:
553:
549:
544:
542:
538:
531:
529:
526:
518:
516:
512:
505:
503:
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477:
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458:
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432:
428:
424:
420:
419:
414:
410:
409:
404:
396:
392:
387:
385:
381:
377:
376:magnolia-vine
373:
365:
363:
361:
356:
355:
348:
339:
334:
333:
326:
317:
313:
307:
302:
297:
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207:
202:
198:
193:
188:
184:
179:
175:
170:
167:
163:
159:
155:
149:
147:
141:
138:
137:Binomial name
134:
130:
129:
124:
121:
120:
117:
116:
112:
109:
108:
105:
102:
99:
98:
95:
92:
89:
88:
85:
82:
79:
76:
75:
72:
71:Tracheophytes
69:
66:
63:
62:
59:
56:
53:
52:
47:
42:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
2628:
2341:
2313:
2303:
2267:
2260:
2251:
2247:
2241:
2229:. Retrieved
2225:
2216:
2189:
2183:
2174:
2170:
2164:
2139:
2135:
2103:
2093:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2017:
2013:
2007:
1998:
1988:
1960:
1953:
1925:
1867:
1829:
1792:
1769:
1741:
1734:
1725:
1712:
1684:
1639:
1635:
1608:. Retrieved
1579:
1575:
1532:
1485:
1451:
1447:
1441:
1416:
1412:
1381:. Retrieved
1375:
1365:
1340:
1336:
1300:
1296:
1262:
1243:
1219:. Retrieved
1212:the original
1207:
1194:
1182:. Retrieved
1168:
1158:
1146:. Retrieved
1144:(PFAF). 2012
1115:. Retrieved
1101:
1095:
1062:
1045:
963:S. chinensis
962:
960:
951:S. chinensis
950:
946:
945:Interest in
944:
940:sea-sickness
935:
923:
917:
909:
904:
879:are used in
874:
859:
853:January 2017
850:
839:Please help
834:verification
831:
807:
799:
762:
735:hexaconazole
708:
693:
690:Pest control
680:downy mildew
670:
656:
648:
638:
630:
622:
614:
606:
598:
574:
565:
556:
545:
536:
535:
524:
522:
513:
509:
501:
497:
491:
490:
471:
467:
465:
460:
456:
452:
450:
438:
430:
427:S. chinensis
426:
416:
406:
394:
388:
383:
379:
375:
372:S. chinensis
371:
369:
353:
331:
309:
291:
287:
282:
281:
280:
267:
252:
245:
241:
234:
230:
223:
219:
205:
191:
182:
173:
172:
145:
143:
127:
126:
114:
77:
64:
24:
18:
2565:kew-2585428
2472:iNaturalist
2366:Wikispecies
1377:10 Magazine
1117:19 February
982:Dried fruit
932:Ainu people
922:, meaning "
888:schisandrin
773:ethoprophos
704:glufosinate
532:Cultivation
482:Description
440:nán wǔwèizi
413:subtropical
395:běi wǔwèizi
382:, and just
360:USDA Zone 4
246:viridicarpa
235:viridicarpa
84:Angiosperms
2720:Schisandra
2714:Categories
2560:Plant List
2490:60456331-2
2231:5 November
2063:(2): 289.
2020:(6): 769.
1802:0888503342
1610:7 November
1244:樹に咲く花 離弁花1
1184:20 January
1148:24 January
1073:References
928:Korean tea
926:tea"; see
900:pregomisin
804:Harvesting
781:endosulfan
552:monoecious
537:Schisandra
453:Schisandra
451:The genus
384:schisandra
224:leucocarpa
115:Schisandra
2644:Q39924966
2438:200008486
2425:200008486
2319:CalPhotos
2112:1000-1700
2077:0191-2917
2034:0191-2917
1980:900633223
1945:900633223
1887:900633223
1849:900633223
1761:900633223
1704:900633223
1552:903482579
1504:900633223
1419:: 1–146.
1179:0362-4331
1047:Omija-cha
919:omija-cha
769:nematodes
765:wireworms
727:metalaxyl
715:fenarimol
577:sun scald
548:dioecious
541:Manchuria
476:phenology
347:romanized
325:romanized
122:Species:
54:Kingdom:
2697:19300580
2692:Tropicos
2671:554568-1
2638:Wikidata
2604:19300157
2599:Tropicos
2549:PalDat:
2351:Wikidata
2156:22079148
2085:30731837
2042:30731931
2001:: 21–23.
1811:32547547
1728:: 17–26.
1666:28424569
1468:14519924
1433:25027879
1357:18849034
1317:18515024
1263:樹木ガイドブック
947:limonnik
936:repnihat
896:gomisins
723:mancozeb
696:paraquat
600:Fusarium
457:schizein
447:Taxonomy
338:Japanese
264:) Hance.
166:Synonyms
100:Family:
2451:7335132
2399:5348382
2357:Q900986
2317:in the
2272:. 1998.
1657:5378736
1484:Ko KM.
1383:28 June
1221:29 June
1208:Koreana
1006:Berries
969:Gallery
906:Koreans
885:lignans
877:berries
731:benomyl
405:plant,
391:flavors
354:gomishi
349::
327::
311:wǔwèizǐ
296:Chinese
262:A. Gray
110:Genus:
90:Order:
58:Plantae
2658:409261
2542:639706
2529:121949
2477:431610
2204:
2154:
2110:
2083:
2075:
2040:
2032:
1978:
1968:
1943:
1933:
1885:
1875:
1847:
1837:
1809:
1799:
1759:
1749:
1702:
1692:
1664:
1654:
1550:
1540:
1502:
1492:
1466:
1431:
1355:
1315:
1269:
1250:
1177:
930:. The
914:Hangul
898:, and
777:aphids
461:andros
316:Korean
308::
306:pinyin
298::
272:A.Gray
215:K.Koch
211:A.Gray
197:Turcz.
178:Turcz.
158:Baill.
154:Turcz.
2591:16803
2516:50507
2503:48985
2464:70678
2412:SHSCH
2386:4V8HZ
2177:: 12.
1722:(PDF)
1605:(PDF)
1429:JSTOR
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