924:
3024:# Input: d, the number of voters who prefer candidate i to candidate j. # Output: p, the strength of the strongest path from candidate i to candidate j. for i from 1 to C for j from 1 to C if i ≠ j then if d > d then p := d else p := 0 for i from 1 to C for j from 1 to C if i ≠ j then for k from 1 to C if i ≠ k and j ≠ k then p := max (p, min (p, p))
2209:
2195:
2181:
2167:
2145:
2128:
2114:
2100:
2078:
2064:
2047:
2033:
2011:
1997:
1983:
1966:
1944:
1930:
1916:
1902:
1379:
59:
899:
1083:
911:
1847:. An arrow from the node representing a candidate X to the one representing a candidate Y is labelled with d. To avoid cluttering the diagram, an arrow has only been drawn from X to Y when d > d (i.e. the table cells with light green background), omitting the one in the opposite direction (the table cells with light red background).
5145:
On the other hand, Ranked Pairs minimizes the largest majority that has to be reversed to determine the order of finish, in the MinLexMax sense. In other words, when Ranked Pairs and the
Schulze method produce different orders of finish, for the majorities on which the two orders of finish disagree,
3097:
Otherwise, draw a square box around the
Schwartz set in the upper left corner. It can be described as the minimal "winner's circle" of candidates who do not lose to anyone outside the circle. Note that to the right of the box there is no red, which means it is a winner's circle, and note that within
3090:
Make the results table, called the "matrix of pairwise preferences", such as used above in the example. Then, every positive number is a pairwise win for the candidate on that row (and marked green), ties are zeroes, and losses are negative (marked red). Order the candidates by how long they last in
1850:
One example of computing the strongest path strength is p = 33: the strongest path from B to D is the direct path (B, D) which has strength 33. But when computing p, the strongest path from A to C is not the direct path (A, C) of strength 26, rather the strongest path is the indirect path (A, D, C)
5077:
In
Highest median, Ranked Pairs, and Schulze voting, there is always a regret-free, semi-honest ballot for any voter, holding all other ballots constant and assuming they know enough about how others will vote. Under such circumstances, there is always at least one way for a voter to participate
3104:
If there is still no candidate with no red on their line, something needs to be compromised on; every candidate lost some race, and the loss we tolerate the best is the one where the loser obtained the most votes. So, take the red cell with the highest number (if going by margins, the least
1113:. The strength of a single-step beatpath from Alice to Bob is just the number of voters who rank Alice over Bob. For a longer beatpath, consisting of multiple "beats", the strength of a beatpath is as strong as its weakest link (i.e. the beat with the smallest number of winning votes).
3055:
When allowing users to have ties in their preferences, the outcome of the
Schulze method naturally depends on how these ties are interpreted in defining d. Two natural choices are that d represents either the number of voters who strictly prefer A to B (A>B), or the
6300:
5142:. Then the Schulze method, but not Ranked Pairs, guarantees that the winner is always a candidate of the set with minimum MinMax score. So, in some sense, the Schulze method minimizes the largest majority that has to be reversed when determining the winner.
3481:
This method can also be used to calculate a result, if the table is remade in such a way that one can conveniently and reliably rearrange the order of the candidates on both the row and the column, with the same order used on both at all times.
6652:
5329:
6741:
7344:
6745:
1116:
We say Alice has a "beatpath-win" over Bob if her strongest beatpath to Bob is stronger than all of Bob's beatpaths to Alice. The winner is the candidate who has a beatpath-win over every other candidate.
5099:
A randomly chosen ballot determines winner. This and closely related methods are of mathematical interest and included here to demonstrate that even unreasonable methods can pass voting method criteria.
5063:
Majority
Judgment fails the mutual majority criterion, but satisfies the criterion if the majority ranks the mutually favored set above a given absolute grade and all others below that grade.
5835:
6649:
6310:
2934:
1840:
The cells for d have a light green background if d > d, otherwise the background is light red. There is no undisputed winner by only looking at the pairwise differences here.
3008:
The only difficult step in implementing the
Schulze method is computing the strongest path strengths. However, this is a well-known problem in graph theory sometimes called the
2886:
2794:
1843:
Now the strongest paths have to be identified. To help visualize the strongest paths, the set of pairwise preferences is depicted in the diagram on the right in the form of a
952:
1124:; in other words, if Alice has a beatpath-win over Bob, and Bob has a beatpath-win over Charlie, Alice has a beatpath-win over Charlie. As a result, the Schulze method is a
7534:
5390:
5054:
Majority
Judgment may elect a candidate uniquely least-preferred by over half of voters, but it never elects the candidate uniquely bottom-rated by over half of voters.
2998:
1373:
1332:
1016:, which means it will elect a majority-choice candidate if one exists; in other words, if most people rank A above B, A will defeat B (whenever this is possible).
3651:
3082:
the winner of the
Schulze method. This method is equivalent to the others described here, but the presentation is optimized for the significance of steps being
2687:
2635:
2583:
2531:
2479:
2441:
2405:
2369:
2333:
2297:
1819:
1767:
1715:
1663:
1611:
1573:
1537:
1501:
1465:
1429:
6806:
6728:
7984:
5524:
3716:
3530:
7752:
5045:. For this to hold, in some elections, some voters must use less than their full voting power despite having meaningful preferences among viable candidates.
1858:
For each pair of candidates X and Y, the following table shows the strongest path from candidate X to candidate Y in red, with the weakest link underlined.
643:
6084:
6947:
8159:
7880:
7732:
675:
537:
532:
7979:
7757:
7167:
6109:
5455:
3726:
3722:
3637:
945:
638:
7088:
6716:
5419:
5108:
Where a winner is randomly chosen from the candidates, sortition is included to demonstrate that even non-voting methods can pass some criteria.
7742:
7527:
5509:
5338:
5090:
A variant of
Minimax that counts only pairwise opposition, not opposition minus support, fails the Condorcet criterion and meets later-no-harm.
320:
5967:
6874:
7348:
5041:
Approval voting, score voting, and majority judgment satisfy IIA if it is assumed that voters rate candidates independently using their own
844:
8154:
8106:
95:
7259:
7789:
6460:
5394:
6046:
5746:
Tideman, T. Nicolaus, "Independence of clones as a criterion for voting rules", Social Choice and
Welfare vol 4 #3 (1987), pp. 185–206.
6793:
5154:
The Schulze method was developed by Markus Schulze in 1997. It was first discussed in public mailing lists in 1997–1998 and in 2000.
938:
7520:
7463:
7444:
8124:
6071:
5787:
839:
7116:
6252:
5794:
7974:
7920:
6485:
5959:
5759:
5229:
3540:
829:
579:
550:
490:
7772:
5780:
5773:
5172:
8101:
7244:
7238:
7232:
5414:
5297:
1106:
defeats Bob, and Bob beats Charlie, then Alice "indirectly" defeats Charlie; this kind of indirect win is called a 'beatpath'.
561:
86:
5983:
5766:
7900:
5916:
5904:
5892:
5861:
5836:"Al voltant de 2.000 participants en dos dies en la primera enquesta popular de Silla que decidirà sobre espectacles taurins"
5485:
624:
6588:
3071:
Although ties in the Schulze ranking are unlikely, they are possible. Schulze's original paper recommended breaking ties by
6385:
6410:
5999:
266:
251:
236:
6564:
3013:
7943:
7928:
7747:
6692:
5563:
5378:
882:
502:
425:
346:
6890:
6032:
3357:
So we get straight to the second drop (E's loss to C by 3 votes), and that shows us the winner, E, with its clear row.
7994:
7717:
7707:
7568:
7415:
5951:
5201:
3505:
1035:
314:
296:
137:
6972:
867:
8149:
7959:
7650:
6680:
5490:
5309:
5024:
4928:
758:
741:
708:
688:
472:
460:
430:
231:
189:
122:
6273:
566:
8009:
7964:
7910:
7822:
5606:
5586:
5159:
3694:
3535:
3520:
1051:
614:
607:
91:
7332:
7106:
7064:
7044:
6498:
6286:
7999:
7885:
7843:
7762:
7687:
7623:
7581:
7007:
6325:
6088:
5305:
3689:
3510:
3109:
Here is a margins table made from the above example. Note the change of order used for demonstration purposes.
1039:
1027:
beats Bob, and Bob beats Charlie, then Alice (indirectly) beats Charlie; this kind of indirect win is called a
668:
596:
585:
448:
435:
418:
395:
373:
336:
326:
7618:
7474:
5709:
A new monotonic, clone-independent, reversal symmetric, and condorcet-consistent single-winner election method
5665:
A new monotonic, clone-independent, reversal symmetric, and Condorcet-consistent single-winner election method
8024:
8014:
7989:
7805:
7682:
6472:
5979:
5975:
5366:
5273:
5020:
5012:
3742:
3615:
3600:
3556:
794:
648:
331:
6944:
3596:
Since the Schulze method satisfies the Condorcet criterion, it automatically fails the following criteria:
2895:
8065:
8004:
7867:
7810:
6121:
5372:
5349:
5301:
5289:
5281:
5277:
5269:
5217:
3737:
3732:
3500:
823:
703:
633:
440:
6373:
5634:
7969:
7890:
7655:
7329:
6134:
5548:
5008:
4297:
3772:
3605:
731:
571:
455:
261:
240:
172:
150:
7361:
6509:
5611:
923:
789:
6758:
2811:
2719:
8039:
7608:
7131:
6577:
6013:
5939:
5616:
5293:
5285:
5221:
5197:
5176:
4137:
3759:
862:
849:
817:
81:
7192:
5642:
5638:
8019:
7613:
7486:
7154:
5963:
5004:
4349:
4189:
3877:
3572:
3515:
3009:
1121:
768:
602:
255:
6175:
6171:
5630:
5626:
8060:
7670:
5360:
5236:
1148:
with all the candidates as nodes; label the edges with the number of votes supporting the winner.
928:
799:
410:
194:
7628:
6189:
4455:
3630:
1094:
with equal ratings allowed. There are two common (equivalent) descriptions of Schulze's method.
877:
7283:
6303:[Some considerations on which group Volt Europe will join in the European Parliament].
8029:
7938:
7895:
7815:
7737:
7660:
7645:
7603:
7459:
7454:
7440:
6870:
6348:
5919:[The raw result of the primary election] (in Swedish). 19 January 2010. Archived from
5711:", Social Choice and Welfare, volume 36, number 2, page 267–303, 2011. Preliminary version in
5667:", Social Choice and Welfare, volume 36, number 2, page 267–303, 2011. Preliminary version in
5479:
4401:
4085:
3929:
3545:
834:
804:
726:
663:
497:
224:
199:
182:
50:
7435:
7019:
5991:
5819:
5812:
5664:
2947:
8070:
7702:
7558:
7543:
7449:
7326:
6305:
4665:
4507:
3699:
3583:
3576:
2208:
2194:
2180:
2166:
2144:
2127:
2113:
2099:
2077:
2063:
2046:
2032:
2010:
1996:
1982:
1965:
1943:
1929:
1915:
1901:
1125:
1013:
972:
915:
872:
763:
751:
465:
341:
167:
161:
143:
132:
127:
115:
76:
38:
17:
7212:
6360:
5346:
Graduate Student Organization at the State University of New York: Computer Science (GSOCS)
3663:
The following table compares the Schulze method with other single-winner election methods:
8144:
8118:
8034:
7875:
7853:
7665:
7586:
7576:
7554:
7110:
6951:
6656:
5450:
5189:
5042:
3824:
3710:
3705:
3610:
3561:
3525:
3033:
1337:
1296:
903:
736:
591:
556:
477:
388:
291:
214:
156:
34:
6929:
6668:
6301:"Algunas consideraciones sobre en qué grupo estará Volt Europa en el Parlamento Europeo"
5920:
5908:
5896:
1378:
1140:
The Schulze winner can also be constructed iteratively, using a defeat-dropping method:
58:
7933:
7598:
7422:
6908:
5530:
5248:
5205:
4241:
4033:
3036:
3029:
2657:
2605:
2553:
2501:
2449:
2411:
2375:
2339:
2303:
2267:
1844:
1789:
1737:
1685:
1633:
1581:
1543:
1507:
1471:
1435:
1399:
1382:
1145:
773:
713:
698:
509:
378:
353:
898:
8138:
7677:
5432:
5427:
5016:
4559:
3753:
3747:
3622:
3098:
the box there is no reordering possible that would produce a smaller winner's circle.
3072:
1155:
1129:
1103:
1091:
1024:
1005:
1002:
782:
482:
270:
108:
71:
46:
2892:
than candidate D. Continuing in this way, the result is that the Schulze ranking is
2708:
Now the output of the Schulze method can be determined. For example, when comparing
7692:
7633:
6990:
5907:[Time to run for the Riksdag] (in Swedish). 17 October 2009. Archived from
5895:[Before the primary elections] (in Swedish). 8 October 2009. Archived from
5558:
5474:
5354:
5265:
5232:
in February chose this method for their first special election held in March 2018.
5225:
5124:
4770:
4612:
3647:
3626:
1162:
1082:
1071:
1059:
1055:
522:
286:
279:
209:
7502:
6742:
Operating Procedures of the Address Council of the Address Supporting Organization
5622:
7468:
5986:) adopted the Schulze method for its primaries. Furthermore, the Pirate Party of
8075:
7838:
7777:
7697:
7593:
7427:
7410:
6629:
6445:
6438:
6389:
5971:
5947:
5730:
5553:
5317:
5260:
4876:
3981:
3233:
The first drop (A's loss to E by 1 vote) does not help shrink the Schwartz set.
1261:
The pairwise preferences have to be computed first. For example, when comparing
1043:
400:
358:
301:
246:
5134:
of candidates is the strength of the strongest pairwise win of a candidate A ∉
7848:
7784:
7507:
7406:
6226:
5995:
5591:
5514:
5252:
5240:
3017:
1020:
7479:
6782:
6696:
6603:
6522:
8085:
8080:
6609:
6047:"Fondi, il punto sui candidati a sindaco. Certezze, novità e colpi di scena"
5708:
5568:
5519:
5466:
4823:
1067:
368:
363:
7497:
7492:
6852:
1046:
also exists. The Schulze method is used by several organizations including
5946:
for unbinding internal opinion polls. In 2010/2011, the Pirate Parties of
5146:
the Schulze order reverses a larger majority than the Ranked Pairs order.
5078:
without grading any less-preferred candidate above any more-preferred one.
3060:
of (voters with A>B) minus (voters with B>A). But no matter how the
3012:. One simple way to compute the strengths, therefore, is a variant of the
910:
7905:
6213:
5601:
5377:
Associated Student Government at the Computer Sciences Department of the
3684:
619:
6864:
3105:
negative), make it green—or any color other than red—and go back step 2.
7767:
6159:
5538:
5409:
5256:
405:
8055:
7103:
5987:
5596:
5581:
5576:
5461:
5445:
5398:
1047:
7512:
6794:
Knight Foundation awards $ 5000 to best created-on-the-spot projects
7400:
7385:
5204:
through their use of the WeGovNow platform, which in turn uses the
5171:
3064:
s are defined, the Schulze ranking has no cycles, and assuming the
1174:
The winner is the only candidate left at the end of the procedure.
7308:
7045:"[Partners] text of OpenSwitch Project Charter 2016-05-03"
6085:"MoVimento 5 Stelle - Montemurlo: 2° Step Comunarie di Montemurlo"
5955:
5495:
5244:
5193:
5170:
3621:
Likewise, since the Schulze method is not a dictatorship and is a
1377:
1081:
6604:
Constitutional Amendment: Condorcet/Clone Proof SSD Voting Method
7455:
Collective Decisions and Voting: The Potential for Public Choice
7436:
Mathematics of Social Choice: Voting, Compensation, and Division
5440:
1120:
Markus Schulze proved that this definition of a beatpath-win is
7516:
6615:
5000:
4998:
4996:
4994:
4992:
4990:
4988:
1154:
Check if any candidates are tied (and if so, break the ties by
1086:
A sample ballot asking voters to order candidates by preference
7483:
5943:
5938:
11 of the 16 regional sections and the federal section of the
5543:
5504:
5404:
Organizations which currently use the Schulze method include:
5157:
In 2011, Schulze published the method in the academic journal
6828:
6253:"Piratenversammlung der Piratenpartei Schweiz 2010 – Samstag"
7371:
6932:, MIT Tech Talk, volume 52, number 19, page 2, 12 March 2008
3094:
If there is a candidate with no red on their line, they win.
2207:
2193:
2179:
2165:
2143:
2126:
2112:
2098:
2076:
2062:
2045:
2031:
2009:
1995:
1981:
1964:
1942:
1928:
1914:
1900:
57:
7489:, supporting multiple Condorcet methods, including Schulze.
6122:
Ridefinizione della lista di San Cesareo con Metodo Schulze
993:
6051:
h24 notizie - portale indipendente di news dalla provincia
5820:
Constitutional voting, definition of cumulative preference
981:
978:
6549:
2017 Golden Geek Awards - Nominations Open, February 2018
6135:"National Congress 2011 Results – Pirate Party Australia"
6546:
2016 Golden Geek Awards - Nominations Open, January 2017
6540:
2014 Golden Geek Awards - Nominations Open, January 2015
6537:
2013 Golden Geek Awards - Nominations Open, January 2014
5334:
Club der Ehemaligen der Deutschen SchülerAkademien e. V.
5123:
The main difference between the Schulze method and the
6552:
2018 Golden Geek Awards - Nominations Open, March 2019
6543:
2015 Golden Geek Awards - Nominations Open, March 2016
6510:
Election of the Annodex Association committee for 2007
5192:
for all referendums. It is also used by the cities of
1182:
In the following example 45 voters rank 5 candidates.
7366:[Result of Arbitration Committee Elections].
7311:[Knowledge (XXG):Parliament/Decisionmaking].
7117:
Free Culture Student Board Elected Using Selectricity
6033:
Campobasso. Comunali, scattano le primarie a 5 Stelle
5934:
5932:
3495:
The Schulze method satisfies the following criteria:
2950:
2898:
2814:
2722:
2660:
2608:
2556:
2504:
2452:
2414:
2378:
2342:
2306:
2270:
1792:
1740:
1688:
1636:
1584:
1546:
1510:
1474:
1438:
1402:
1340:
1299:
1008:
developed by Markus Schulze. It is also known as the
990:
6330:
The AEGEEan - AEGEE's online magazine - AEGEE-Europe
5884:
5882:
5037:
5035:
5033:
987:
984:
8094:
8048:
7952:
7919:
7866:
7831:
7798:
7725:
7716:
7567:
5496:
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
975:
7260:"Wikipédia:Prise de décision/Choix dans les votes"
2992:
2928:
2880:
2788:
2681:
2629:
2577:
2525:
2473:
2435:
2399:
2363:
2327:
2291:
1813:
1761:
1709:
1657:
1605:
1567:
1531:
1495:
1459:
1423:
1367:
1326:
1019:Schulze's method is based on the idea of breaking
5391:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
3101:Cut away every part of the table outside the box.
3086:as a human goes through it, not for computation.
1023:by using indirect victories. The idea is that if
6299:The Board of Directors of Volt Europe in Spain.
5086:
5084:
5401:through their use of the HotCRP decision tool.
1855:of a path is the strength of its weakest link.
6411:"Hillegass-Parker House Bylaws § 5. Elections"
5703:
5701:
5699:
5697:
5343:Flemish Society of Engineering Students Leuven
7528:
6869:. Berlin: Interaktive Demokratie e. V. 2014.
5725:
5723:
5721:
5695:
5693:
5691:
5689:
5687:
5685:
5683:
5681:
5679:
5677:
3652:Local Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives
946:
8:
7985:Independence of Smith-dominated alternatives
6578:Family Affair Voting Scheme - Schulze Method
5525:League of Professional System Administrators
3531:Independence of Smith-dominated alternatives
1102:The idea behind Schulze's method is that if
7020:"OpenStack Election — OpenStack Governance"
5862:"Un any d'aprofundiment democràtic a Silla"
3669:Comparison of single-winner voting systems
1375:. The full set of pairwise preferences is:
7722:
7535:
7521:
7513:
7008:ONNX Steering Committee election guideline
6002:) adopted this method for their primaries.
5188:The Schulze method is used by the city of
3667:
1151:If there is more than one candidate left:
953:
939:
29:
7363:Девятнадцатые выборы арбитров, второй тур
7155:Minutes of the 2018 Annual Sverok Meeting
5731:Properties of Preferential Election Rules
5415:Berufsverband der Kinder- und Jugendärzte
2949:
2897:
2813:
2721:
2659:
2607:
2555:
2503:
2451:
2413:
2377:
2341:
2305:
2269:
1851:which has strength min(30, 28) = 28. The
1791:
1739:
1687:
1635:
1583:
1545:
1509:
1473:
1437:
1401:
1339:
1298:
6693:"CIVS Election Results: GnuPG Logo Vote"
6650:Democratic election of the server admins
6170:Article III.3.4 of the Statutory Rules (
5073:
5071:
5069:
3359:
3235:
3111:
2256:
1860:
1388:
1184:
1109:Every beatpath is assigned a particular
7980:Independence of irrelevant alternatives
7758:Sequential proportional approval voting
7132:"[IAEP] Election status update"
7104:Bylaws of the Students for Free Culture
6729:Article 6 Section 2 of the Constitution
6388:. Gso.cs.binghamton.edu. Archived from
5834:Hortanoticias, Redacción (2016-02-23).
5656:
5456:European Democratic Education Community
4984:
4978:
3638:Independence of irrelevant alternatives
45:
1168:Delete the edge closest to being tied.
7475:Arizonans for Condorcet Ranked Voting
6945:Wahlen zum Neo-2-Freeze: Formalitäten
6783:Rules of Procedures for Online Voting
6361:Référendum sur la réforme du thurnage
2929:{\displaystyle E>A>C>B>D}
1161:Eliminate all candidates outside the
7:
7168:"2007 TopCoder Collegiate Challenge"
7089:Squeak Oversight Board Election 2010
6957:Hinweise zur Stimmabgabe, March 2010
6227:"Verslag ledenraadpleging 4 januari"
5860:Silla, ~ El Cresol de (2016-05-26).
5737:, issue 3, pages 8–15, December 1994
5127:method can be seen in this example:
3078:There is another alternative way to
3051:Ties and alternative implementations
1385:labeled with pairwise preferences d
1128:, providing a full extension of the
7790:Indirect single transferable voting
6930:Voting for more than just either-or
6610:Constitution for the Debian Project
5905:"Dags att kandidera till riksdagen"
5788:Schulze Method - Simpler Definition
5395:Association for Computing Machinery
5324:Student government and associations
2796:, for the Schulze method candidate
7213:"/v/GAs - Pairwise voting results"
5130:Suppose the MinMax score of a set
25:
6214:Rules adopted on 18 December 2011
5471:Free Hardware Foundation of Italy
5371:Associated Student Government at
5365:Associated Student Government at
5339:École normale supérieure de Paris
5337:Associated Student Government at
2258:Strengths of the strongest paths
6866:The Principles of LiquidFeedback
6589:Steering and Technical committee
6473:Ajith, Van Atta win ASG election
6326:"The Schulze Method – Agora 101"
6225:Pontier, Matthijs (2015-01-11).
5330:AEGEE – European Students' Forum
5230:Democratic Socialists of America
2881:{\displaystyle (31=)p>p(=24)}
2789:{\displaystyle (28=)p>p(=25)}
971:
922:
909:
897:
845:McKelvey–Schofield chaos theorem
491:Semi-proportional representation
123:First preference plurality (FPP)
8160:Single-winner electoral systems
7284:"Pages liées à Méthode Schulze"
6446:Kingman adopts Condorcet voting
6251:Pankerl, Florian (2010-09-18).
6087:. November 2013. Archived from
1390:Matrix of pairwise preferences
7901:Mixed ballot transferable vote
6415:Hillegass-Parker House website
3643:The Schulze method also fails
2987:
2975:
2966:
2954:
2875:
2866:
2863:
2851:
2842:
2830:
2824:
2815:
2783:
2774:
2771:
2759:
2750:
2738:
2732:
2723:
2676:
2664:
2624:
2612:
2572:
2560:
2520:
2508:
2468:
2456:
2430:
2418:
2394:
2382:
2358:
2346:
2322:
2310:
2286:
2274:
1808:
1796:
1756:
1744:
1704:
1692:
1652:
1640:
1600:
1588:
1562:
1550:
1526:
1514:
1490:
1478:
1454:
1442:
1418:
1406:
1356:
1344:
1315:
1303:
883:Harsanyi's utilitarian theorem
840:Moulin's impossibility theorem
805:Conflicting majorities paradox
27:Single-winner electoral system
1:
7482:Command line application and
7193:"Ubuntu IRC Council Position"
7043:Mark, Atwood (May 25, 2016).
6891:"Madisonium Bylaws - Adopted"
6759:"A club by any other name..."
5177:Wikimedia's Board of Trustees
3573:Woodall's plurality criterion
3486:Satisfied and failed criteria
3068:s are unique it has no ties.
3047:is the number of candidates.
3000:for every other candidate X.
709:Frustrated majorities paradox
8102:Comparison of voting systems
7944:Satisfaction approval voting
7929:Single non-transferable vote
7748:Proportional approval voting
7471:by the Public Software Group
7401:The Schulze Method of Voting
7370:(in Russian). Archived from
6829:"Kumoricon – Mascot Contest"
6762:Kanawha Valley Scrabble Club
6695:. 2013-10-03. Archived from
6563:article 7(e)(iii)(2) of the
6309:(in Spanish). Archived from
6272:article IV section 3 of the
6045:Macaro, Mirko (2015-03-03).
5564:Open Neural Network Exchange
5501:Kanawha Valley Scrabble Club
5379:University of Kaiserslautern
878:Condorcet dominance theorems
818:Social and collective choice
18:Schwartz sequential dropping
8155:Monotonic Condorcet methods
7708:Graduated majority judgment
7191:Bell, Alan (May 17, 2012).
6324:Hajdu, Tekla (2017-09-24).
6231:Piratenpartij Noord Holland
5774:Tiebreakers, Subcycle Rules
5216:Schulze was adopted by the
5202:London Borough of Southwark
3020:illustrates the algorithm.
1070:prior to their adoption of
1036:proportional representation
544:By mechanism of combination
315:Proportional representation
8176:
7960:Condorcet winner criterion
7651:First-past-the-post voting
7508:Implementation in Python 3
7503:Implementation in Python 2
7433:Christoph Börgers (2009),
7113:, article V, section 1.1.1
7065:"Committee Elections 2012"
6386:"User Voting Instructions"
5994:) and the Pirate Party of
4982:
3611:Invulnerability to burying
2808:. Another example is that
1063:
1012:. The Schulze method is a
742:Multiple districts paradox
473:Fractional approval voting
461:Interactive representation
8115:
8107:Voting systems by country
8010:Mutual majority criterion
7965:Condorcet loser criterion
7911:Vote linkage mixed system
7823:Largest remainders method
7550:
6973:"2009 Director Elections"
6616:Debian Voting Information
5781:Maybe Schulze is decisive
5587:Students for Free Culture
5160:Social Choice and Welfare
5007:is incompatible with the
3536:Mutual majority criterion
3521:Condorcet loser criterion
1078:Description of the method
1006:ranked-choice voting rule
689:Paradoxes and pathologies
538:Mixed-member proportional
533:Mixed-member majoritarian
528:By results of combination
419:Approval-based committees
8000:Majority loser criterion
7886:Additional member system
7844:Hagenbach-Bischoff quota
7763:Single transferable vote
7688:Positional voting system
7624:Minimax Condorcet method
7582:Combined approval voting
7362:
7331:(August 2009), and here
7024:governance.openstack.org
6811:, Kubernetes, 2022-09-24
6717:Haskell Logo Competition
5917:"Råresultat primärvalet"
5760:Condorect sub-cycle rule
5433:Cloud Foundry Foundation
5138:against a candidate B ∈
3582:Symmetric-completion if
3511:Majority loser criterion
3022:
3014:Floyd–Warshall algorithm
1040:single transferable vote
868:Condorcet's jury theorem
669:Double simultaneous vote
644:Rural–urban proportional
639:Dual-member proportional
601:
590:
557:Parallel (superposition)
449:Fractional social choice
436:Expanding approvals rule
265:
250:
235:
166:
155:
131:
8025:Resolvability criterion
8015:Participation criterion
7990:Later-no-harm criterion
7806:Highest averages method
7458:, Burlington: Ashgate,
7309:"ויקיפדיה:פרלמנט/הכרעה"
7266:(in French), 2019-08-22
6911:(in German). Metalab.at
6740:section 9.4.7.3 of the
6632:. Eudec.org. 2009-11-15
6459:article 9.4.5.h of the
5940:Pirate Party of Germany
5813:Disambiguation of 4.1.5
5367:Northwestern University
5359:Associated Students of
5222:Pirate Party of Germany
3557:Resolvability criterion
2993:{\displaystyle p\geq p}
2172:E-(31)-D-(28)-C-(29)-B-
1132:to any set of ballots.
1042:(STV) variant known as
795:Tyranny of the majority
572:Fusion (majority bonus)
389:Quota-remainder methods
8066:First-preference votes
8005:Monotonicity criterion
7975:Independence of clones
7678:Simple majoritarianism
7498:Implementation in Ruby
7493:Implementation in Java
7172:community.topcoder.com
6991:"Online Voting Policy"
6960:Ergebnisse, March 2010
6188:Píratar (2013-10-23).
6014:"DSA Special Election"
5373:University of Freiburg
5361:Minerva Schools at KGI
5350:Hillegass Parker House
5218:Pirate Party of Sweden
5180:
3541:Independence of clones
3501:Monotonicity criterion
3113:Initial results table
2994:
2940:wins. In other words,
2930:
2882:
2790:
2683:
2631:
2579:
2527:
2475:
2437:
2401:
2365:
2329:
2293:
2212:
2198:
2184:
2170:
2148:
2131:
2117:
2103:
2081:
2067:
2050:
2036:
2014:
2000:
1986:
1969:
1947:
1933:
1919:
1905:
1815:
1763:
1711:
1659:
1607:
1569:
1533:
1497:
1461:
1425:
1386:
1369:
1328:
1163:majority-preferred set
1090:Schulze's method uses
1087:
1066:. It was also used by
1062:political parties and
929:Mathematics portal
835:Majority impossibility
824:Impossibility theorems
620:Negative vote transfer
441:Method of equal shares
62:
7970:Consistency criterion
7891:Alternative vote plus
7656:Instant-runoff voting
6781:section 3.4.1 of the
6070:article 25(5) of the
5174:
5005:Condorcet's criterion
2995:
2931:
2883:
2791:
2684:
2632:
2580:
2528:
2476:
2438:
2402:
2366:
2330:
2294:
2211:
2197:
2183:
2169:
2147:
2130:
2116:
2102:
2080:
2066:
2049:
2035:
2013:
1999:
1985:
1968:
1946:
1932:
1918:
1904:
1816:
1764:
1712:
1660:
1608:
1570:
1534:
1498:
1462:
1426:
1381:
1370:
1329:
1136:Iterative description
1085:
732:Best-is-worst paradox
721:Pathological response
456:Direct representation
109:Single-winner methods
61:
8040:Seats-to-votes ratio
7811:Webster/Sainte-Laguë
7245:2011 Board Elections
7239:2009 Board Elections
7233:2008 Board Elections
6808:Kubernetes Community
5980:Tempelhof-Schöneberg
5923:on 24 December 2012.
5899:on 24 December 2012.
5729:Douglas R. Woodall,
5498:(ICANN) (until 2023)
3760:No favorite betrayal
2948:
2896:
2888:, so candidate E is
2812:
2720:
2658:
2606:
2554:
2502:
2450:
2412:
2376:
2340:
2304:
2268:
1790:
1738:
1686:
1634:
1582:
1544:
1508:
1472:
1436:
1400:
1368:{\displaystyle d=25}
1338:
1327:{\displaystyle d=20}
1297:
1269:pairwise, there are
1191:Order of preference
1098:Beatpath explanation
916:Economics portal
863:Median voter theorem
82:Comparative politics
8020:Plurality criterion
7619:Kemeny–Young method
7217:vidyagaemawards.com
7136:lists.sugarlabs.org
6851:article 8.3 of the
6630:"Guidance Document"
6439:Condorcet elections
5964:Steglitz-Zehlendorf
5893:"Inför primärvalen"
5437:County Highpointers
5410:Annodex Association
4929:Tideman alternative
3670:
3516:Condorcet criterion
3362:
3361:Second drop, final
3238:
3114:
3010:widest path problem
2259:
1863:
1391:
904:Politics portal
615:Vote linkage system
586:Seat linkage system
173:Ranked-choice (RCV)
8061:Election threshold
7995:Majority criterion
7671:Supplementary vote
7428:Accurate Democracy
7407:The Schulze Method
7109:2013-03-18 at the
6950:2011-07-27 at the
6655:2015-10-02 at the
6372:article 57 of the
6313:on 20 August 2024.
6190:"Schulze aðferðin"
6141:. 18 November 2011
6139:pirateparty.org.au
6108:article 12 of the
5866:El Cresol de Silla
5389:It is used by the
5237:Five Star Movement
5181:
5175:Sample ballot for
3668:
3633:implies it fails:
3562:Polynomial runtime
3506:Majority criterion
3491:Satisfied criteria
3360:
3236:
3112:
3028:This algorithm is
2990:
2926:
2878:
2786:
2679:
2627:
2575:
2523:
2471:
2433:
2397:
2361:
2325:
2289:
2257:
2213:
2199:
2185:
2171:
2149:
2132:
2118:
2104:
2082:
2068:
2051:
2037:
2015:
2001:
1987:
1970:
1948:
1934:
1920:
1906:
1861:
1811:
1759:
1707:
1655:
1603:
1565:
1529:
1493:
1457:
1421:
1389:
1387:
1365:
1324:
1285:voters who prefer
1273:voters who prefer
1088:
800:Discursive dilemma
759:Lesser evil voting
634:Supermixed systems
337:Largest remainders
195:Round-robin voting
63:
8150:Electoral systems
8132:
8131:
8030:Reversal symmetry
7939:Cumulative voting
7921:Semi-proportional
7896:Mixed single vote
7862:
7861:
7738:Mixed single vote
7646:Exhaustive ballot
7609:Copeland's method
7604:Condorcet methods
7544:Electoral systems
7403:by Markus Schulze
7328:(May 2009), here
6876:978-3-00-044795-2
6681:Project:Elections
6484:§6 and §7 of its
6012:Chumich, Andrew.
5840:Hortanoticias.com
5707:Markus Schulze, "
5663:Markus Schulze, "
5612:Vidya Gaem Awards
5510:Knight Foundation
5480:GNU Privacy Guard
5475:Gentoo Foundation
5310:the United States
5212:Political parties
5198:San Donà di Piave
5116:
5115:
3546:Reversal symmetry
3479:
3478:
3355:
3354:
3231:
3230:
3084:visually apparent
2706:
2705:
2682:{\displaystyle p}
2630:{\displaystyle p}
2578:{\displaystyle p}
2526:{\displaystyle p}
2474:{\displaystyle p}
2436:{\displaystyle p}
2400:{\displaystyle p}
2364:{\displaystyle p}
2328:{\displaystyle p}
2292:{\displaystyle p}
2255:
2254:
1838:
1837:
1814:{\displaystyle d}
1762:{\displaystyle d}
1710:{\displaystyle d}
1658:{\displaystyle d}
1606:{\displaystyle d}
1568:{\displaystyle d}
1532:{\displaystyle d}
1496:{\displaystyle d}
1460:{\displaystyle d}
1424:{\displaystyle d}
1259:
1258:
963:
962:
850:Gibbard's theorem
790:Dominance paradox
727:Perverse response
431:Phragmen's method
297:Majority judgment
225:Positional voting
183:Condorcet methods
51:electoral systems
16:(Redirected from
8167:
8071:Liquid democracy
7723:
7703:Two-round system
7614:Dodgson's method
7537:
7530:
7523:
7514:
7450:Nicolaus Tideman
7420:
7388:
7382:
7376:
7375:
7358:
7352:
7341:
7335:
7334:(December 2009).
7323:
7317:
7316:
7313:he.wikipedia.org
7305:
7299:
7298:
7296:
7295:
7288:fr.wikipedia.org
7280:
7274:
7273:
7272:
7271:
7256:
7250:
7227:
7221:
7220:
7209:
7203:
7202:
7200:
7199:
7188:
7182:
7181:
7179:
7178:
7164:
7158:
7152:
7146:
7145:
7143:
7142:
7128:
7122:
7098:
7092:
7086:
7080:
7079:
7077:
7076:
7061:
7055:
7054:
7052:
7051:
7040:
7034:
7033:
7031:
7030:
7016:
7010:
7005:
6999:
6998:
6995:openembedded.org
6987:
6981:
6980:
6969:
6963:
6939:
6933:
6928:David Chandler,
6926:
6920:
6919:
6917:
6916:
6905:
6899:
6898:
6887:
6881:
6880:
6861:
6855:
6849:
6843:
6842:
6840:
6839:
6825:
6819:
6818:
6817:
6816:
6803:
6797:
6791:
6785:
6779:
6773:
6772:
6770:
6769:
6755:
6749:
6738:
6732:
6726:
6720:
6714:
6708:
6707:
6705:
6704:
6689:
6683:
6678:
6672:
6671:, September 2011
6666:
6660:
6647:
6641:
6640:
6638:
6637:
6626:
6620:
6598:
6592:
6586:
6580:
6574:
6568:
6561:
6555:
6532:
6526:
6519:
6513:
6507:
6501:
6495:
6489:
6482:
6476:
6470:
6464:
6457:
6451:
6432:
6426:
6425:
6423:
6421:
6407:
6401:
6400:
6398:
6397:
6382:
6376:
6370:
6364:
6358:
6352:
6346:
6340:
6339:
6337:
6336:
6321:
6315:
6314:
6296:
6290:
6283:
6277:
6270:
6264:
6263:
6261:
6260:
6248:
6242:
6241:
6239:
6238:
6222:
6216:
6211:
6205:
6204:
6202:
6201:
6185:
6179:
6168:
6162:
6156:
6150:
6149:
6147:
6146:
6131:
6125:
6119:
6113:
6106:
6100:
6099:
6097:
6096:
6081:
6075:
6068:
6062:
6061:
6059:
6058:
6042:
6036:
6030:
6024:
6023:
6021:
6020:
6009:
6003:
5936:
5927:
5924:
5912:
5911:on 23 July 2014.
5900:
5886:
5877:
5876:
5874:
5873:
5857:
5851:
5850:
5848:
5847:
5831:
5825:
5806:
5800:
5793:Markus Schulze,
5790:, September 1998
5779:Markus Schulze,
5772:Markus Schulze,
5758:Markus Schulze,
5753:
5747:
5744:
5738:
5727:
5716:
5715:, 17:9-19, 2003.
5705:
5672:
5671:, 17:9-19, 2003.
5661:
5423:
5314:SustainableUnion
5220:(2009), and the
5109:
5106:
5100:
5097:
5091:
5088:
5079:
5075:
5064:
5061:
5055:
5052:
5046:
5039:
5028:
5025:sincere favorite
5002:
4826:
4797:
4753:
4648:
4562:
4441:
4416:
4280:
4270:
4254:
4250:
3872:Approvals
3851:
3762:
3756:
3750:
3733:Cloneproof
3729:
3719:
3713:
3702:
3700:Condorcet winner
3671:
3659:Comparison table
3650:'s criterion of
3363:
3239:
3115:
3016:. The following
2999:
2997:
2996:
2991:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2887:
2885:
2884:
2879:
2807:
2799:
2795:
2793:
2792:
2787:
2715:
2711:
2688:
2686:
2685:
2680:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2584:
2582:
2581:
2576:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2524:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2442:
2440:
2439:
2434:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2398:
2370:
2368:
2367:
2362:
2334:
2332:
2331:
2326:
2298:
2296:
2295:
2290:
2260:
2105:D-(28)-C-(29)-B-
2016:B-(33)-D-(28)-C-
1949:A-(30)-D-(28)-C-
1864:
1862:Strongest paths
1820:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1612:
1610:
1609:
1604:
1574:
1572:
1571:
1566:
1538:
1536:
1535:
1530:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1466:
1464:
1463:
1458:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1422:
1392:
1374:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1333:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1188:Number of voters
1185:
1126:Condorcet method
1014:Condorcet method
1000:
999:
996:
995:
992:
989:
986:
983:
980:
977:
955:
948:
941:
927:
926:
914:
913:
902:
901:
857:Positive results
752:Strategic voting
649:Majority jackpot
606:
595:
466:Liquid democracy
342:National remnant
332:Highest averages
269:
254:
239:
171:
162:Alternative vote
160:
144:Partisan primary
136:
77:Mechanism design
30:
21:
8175:
8174:
8170:
8169:
8168:
8166:
8165:
8164:
8135:
8134:
8133:
8128:
8111:
8090:
8044:
8035:Smith criterion
7948:
7915:
7876:Parallel voting
7858:
7854:Imperiali quota
7827:
7794:
7712:
7666:Contingent vote
7629:Nanson's method
7587:Unified primary
7577:Approval voting
7563:
7546:
7541:
7418:
7397:
7392:
7391:
7383:
7379:
7364:
7360:
7359:
7355:
7342:
7338:
7324:
7320:
7307:
7306:
7302:
7293:
7291:
7282:
7281:
7277:
7269:
7267:
7258:
7257:
7253:
7228:
7224:
7211:
7210:
7206:
7197:
7195:
7190:
7189:
7185:
7176:
7174:
7166:
7165:
7161:
7157:, November 2018
7153:
7149:
7140:
7138:
7130:
7129:
7125:
7119:, February 2008
7111:Wayback Machine
7099:
7095:
7087:
7083:
7074:
7072:
7071:. 10 April 2012
7063:
7062:
7058:
7049:
7047:
7042:
7041:
7037:
7028:
7026:
7018:
7017:
7013:
7006:
7002:
6989:
6988:
6984:
6977:noisebridge.net
6971:
6970:
6966:
6954:, February 2010
6952:Wayback Machine
6940:
6936:
6927:
6923:
6914:
6912:
6907:
6906:
6902:
6889:
6888:
6884:
6877:
6863:
6862:
6858:
6850:
6846:
6837:
6835:
6827:
6826:
6822:
6814:
6812:
6805:
6804:
6800:
6792:
6788:
6780:
6776:
6767:
6765:
6757:
6756:
6752:
6744:(archived from
6739:
6735:
6731:, February 2021
6727:
6723:
6715:
6711:
6702:
6700:
6691:
6690:
6686:
6679:
6675:
6667:
6663:
6657:Wayback Machine
6648:
6644:
6635:
6633:
6628:
6627:
6623:
6599:
6595:
6591:, November 2021
6587:
6583:
6575:
6571:
6562:
6558:
6533:
6529:
6520:
6516:
6512:, February 2007
6508:
6504:
6496:
6492:
6483:
6479:
6471:
6467:
6463:, November 2017
6458:
6454:
6433:
6429:
6419:
6417:
6409:
6408:
6404:
6395:
6393:
6384:
6383:
6379:
6374:statutory rules
6371:
6367:
6359:
6355:
6347:
6343:
6334:
6332:
6323:
6322:
6318:
6298:
6297:
6293:
6285:§10 III of its
6284:
6280:
6271:
6267:
6258:
6256:
6250:
6249:
6245:
6236:
6234:
6224:
6223:
6219:
6212:
6208:
6199:
6197:
6187:
6186:
6182:
6169:
6165:
6157:
6153:
6144:
6142:
6133:
6132:
6128:
6124:, February 2014
6120:
6116:
6107:
6103:
6094:
6092:
6083:
6082:
6078:
6069:
6065:
6056:
6054:
6044:
6043:
6039:
6035:, February 2014
6031:
6027:
6018:
6016:
6011:
6010:
6006:
5937:
5930:
5915:
5903:
5891:
5887:
5880:
5871:
5869:
5859:
5858:
5854:
5845:
5843:
5833:
5832:
5828:
5822:, December 2000
5815:, November 2000
5811:Anthony Towns,
5807:
5803:
5797:, November 1998
5767:Party List P.S.
5765:Mike Ossipoff,
5754:
5750:
5745:
5741:
5728:
5719:
5706:
5675:
5662:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5623:Knowledge (XXG)
5451:EuroBillTracker
5417:
5387:
5326:
5298:the Netherlands
5228:chapter of the
5214:
5208:decision tool.
5186:
5169:
5152:
5120:
5118:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5103:
5098:
5094:
5089:
5082:
5076:
5067:
5062:
5058:
5053:
5049:
5040:
5031:
5003:
4986:
3766:
3706:Condorcet loser
3695:Mutual majority
3681:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3661:
3631:Arrow's Theorem
3594:
3592:Failed criteria
3589:
3526:Smith criterion
3493:
3488:
3053:
3026:
3025:
3006:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2894:
2893:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2804:than candidate
2797:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2656:
2655:
2604:
2603:
2552:
2551:
2500:
2499:
2448:
2447:
2410:
2409:
2374:
2373:
2338:
2337:
2302:
2301:
2266:
2265:
2251:
2248:
1872:
1869:
1788:
1787:
1736:
1735:
1684:
1683:
1632:
1631:
1580:
1579:
1542:
1541:
1506:
1505:
1470:
1469:
1434:
1433:
1398:
1397:
1336:
1335:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1180:
1138:
1100:
1080:
1010:beatpath method
974:
970:
959:
921:
920:
908:
896:
888:
887:
854:
830:Arrow's theorem
820:
810:
809:
778:
748:
737:No-show paradox
718:
704:Cloning paradox
694:Spoiler effects
691:
681:
680:
655:
542:
525:
515:
514:
487:
478:Maximal lottery
445:
426:Thiele's method
415:
385:
317:
307:
306:
292:Approval voting
280:Cardinal voting
276:
221:
215:Maximal lottery
179:
111:
101:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8173:
8171:
8163:
8162:
8157:
8152:
8147:
8137:
8136:
8130:
8129:
8116:
8113:
8112:
8110:
8109:
8104:
8098:
8096:
8092:
8091:
8089:
8088:
8083:
8078:
8073:
8068:
8063:
8058:
8052:
8050:
8046:
8045:
8043:
8042:
8037:
8032:
8027:
8022:
8017:
8012:
8007:
8002:
7997:
7992:
7987:
7982:
7977:
7972:
7967:
7962:
7956:
7954:
7950:
7949:
7947:
7946:
7941:
7936:
7934:Limited voting
7931:
7925:
7923:
7917:
7916:
7914:
7913:
7908:
7903:
7898:
7893:
7888:
7883:
7878:
7872:
7870:
7864:
7863:
7860:
7859:
7857:
7856:
7851:
7846:
7841:
7835:
7833:
7829:
7828:
7826:
7825:
7820:
7819:
7818:
7813:
7802:
7800:
7796:
7795:
7793:
7792:
7787:
7782:
7781:
7780:
7775:
7770:
7760:
7755:
7750:
7745:
7740:
7735:
7729:
7727:
7720:
7714:
7713:
7711:
7710:
7705:
7700:
7695:
7690:
7685:
7680:
7675:
7674:
7673:
7668:
7663:
7661:Coombs' method
7653:
7648:
7643:
7642:
7641:
7639:Schulze method
7636:
7631:
7626:
7621:
7616:
7611:
7601:
7599:Bucklin voting
7596:
7591:
7590:
7589:
7584:
7573:
7571:
7565:
7564:
7551:
7548:
7547:
7542:
7540:
7539:
7532:
7525:
7517:
7511:
7510:
7505:
7500:
7495:
7490:
7477:
7472:
7466:
7447:
7431:
7425:
7423:Bernhard Nebel
7413:
7404:
7396:
7395:External links
7393:
7390:
7389:
7377:
7374:on 2015-02-22.
7353:
7336:
7325:See e.g. here
7318:
7300:
7275:
7251:
7249:
7248:
7242:
7236:
7222:
7204:
7183:
7159:
7147:
7123:
7121:
7120:
7114:
7093:
7081:
7056:
7035:
7011:
7000:
6982:
6964:
6962:
6961:
6958:
6955:
6934:
6921:
6900:
6882:
6875:
6856:
6844:
6820:
6798:
6786:
6774:
6750:
6733:
6721:
6709:
6684:
6673:
6661:
6642:
6621:
6619:
6618:
6613:
6607:
6593:
6581:
6569:
6556:
6554:
6553:
6550:
6547:
6544:
6541:
6538:
6527:
6525:, October 2013
6514:
6502:
6490:
6477:
6465:
6452:
6450:
6449:
6442:
6427:
6402:
6377:
6365:
6353:
6351:, January 2021
6349:Voting Details
6341:
6316:
6291:
6278:
6265:
6243:
6217:
6206:
6196:(in Icelandic)
6180:
6163:
6158:§6(10) of the
6151:
6126:
6114:
6112:, January 2015
6101:
6076:
6074:, October 2013
6063:
6037:
6025:
6004:
5944:LiquidFeedback
5928:
5926:
5925:
5913:
5901:
5878:
5852:
5826:
5824:
5823:
5818:Norman Petry,
5816:
5801:
5799:
5798:
5795:Schulze Method
5791:
5786:Norman Petry,
5784:
5783:, August 1998
5777:
5770:
5763:
5762:, October 1997
5748:
5739:
5735:Voting Matters
5717:
5713:Voting Matters
5673:
5669:Voting Matters
5655:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5646:
5620:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5533:
5531:LiquidFeedback
5528:
5522:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5499:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5477:
5472:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5412:
5406:
5386:
5383:
5382:
5381:
5375:
5369:
5363:
5357:
5352:
5347:
5344:
5341:
5335:
5332:
5325:
5322:
5321:
5320:
5315:
5312:
5266:Pirate Parties
5263:
5249:Monte Compatri
5213:
5210:
5206:LiquidFeedback
5185:
5182:
5168:
5165:
5151:
5148:
5114:
5113:
5111:
5110:
5101:
5092:
5080:
5065:
5056:
5047:
5043:absolute scale
5029:
4983:
4981:
4977:
4976:
4975:Ranking
4973:
4970:
4967:
4964:
4961:
4958:
4955:
4952:
4949:
4946:
4943:
4940:
4937:
4934:
4931:
4925:
4924:
4921:
4918:
4915:
4912:
4909:
4906:
4903:
4900:
4897:
4894:
4891:
4888:
4885:
4882:
4879:
4873:
4872:
4869:
4866:
4863:
4860:
4857:
4854:
4851:
4848:
4845:
4842:
4839:
4836:
4833:
4830:
4827:
4820:
4819:
4816:
4813:
4810:
4807:
4804:
4801:
4798:
4794:
4791:
4788:
4785:
4782:
4779:
4776:
4773:
4767:
4766:
4765:Ranking
4763:
4760:
4757:
4754:
4750:
4747:
4744:
4741:
4738:
4735:
4732:
4729:
4726:
4723:
4720:
4714:
4713:
4710:
4707:
4704:
4701:
4698:
4695:
4692:
4689:
4686:
4683:
4680:
4677:
4674:
4671:
4668:
4662:
4661:
4660:Ranking
4658:
4655:
4652:
4649:
4645:
4642:
4639:
4636:
4633:
4630:
4627:
4624:
4621:
4618:
4615:
4609:
4608:
4605:
4602:
4599:
4596:
4593:
4590:
4587:
4584:
4581:
4578:
4575:
4572:
4569:
4566:
4563:
4556:
4555:
4552:
4549:
4546:
4543:
4540:
4537:
4534:
4531:
4528:
4525:
4522:
4519:
4516:
4513:
4510:
4504:
4503:
4502:Ranking
4500:
4497:
4494:
4491:
4488:
4485:
4482:
4479:
4476:
4473:
4470:
4467:
4464:
4461:
4458:
4452:
4451:
4450:Ranking
4448:
4445:
4442:
4438:
4435:
4432:
4429:
4426:
4423:
4420:
4417:
4413:
4410:
4407:
4404:
4398:
4397:
4396:Ranking
4394:
4391:
4388:
4385:
4382:
4379:
4376:
4373:
4370:
4367:
4364:
4361:
4358:
4355:
4352:
4346:
4345:
4344:Ranking
4342:
4339:
4336:
4333:
4330:
4327:
4324:
4321:
4318:
4315:
4312:
4309:
4306:
4303:
4300:
4298:Instant-runoff
4294:
4293:
4290:
4287:
4284:
4281:
4277:
4274:
4271:
4267:
4264:
4261:
4258:
4255:
4251:
4247:
4244:
4242:Highest median
4238:
4237:
4236:Ranking
4234:
4231:
4228:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4210:
4207:
4204:
4201:
4198:
4195:
4192:
4186:
4185:
4184:Ranking
4182:
4179:
4176:
4173:
4170:
4167:
4164:
4161:
4158:
4155:
4152:
4149:
4146:
4143:
4140:
4134:
4133:
4132:Ranking
4130:
4127:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4115:
4112:
4109:
4106:
4103:
4100:
4097:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4082:
4081:
4080:Ranking
4078:
4075:
4072:
4069:
4066:
4063:
4060:
4057:
4054:
4051:
4048:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4030:
4029:
4028:Ranking
4026:
4023:
4020:
4017:
4014:
4011:
4008:
4005:
4002:
3999:
3996:
3993:
3990:
3987:
3984:
3978:
3977:
3976:Ranking
3974:
3971:
3968:
3965:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3947:
3944:
3941:
3938:
3935:
3932:
3926:
3925:
3924:Ranking
3922:
3919:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3907:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3883:
3880:
3874:
3873:
3870:
3867:
3864:
3861:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3848:
3845:
3842:
3839:
3836:
3833:
3830:
3827:
3821:
3820:
3817:
3814:
3811:
3808:
3805:
3802:
3799:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3787:
3784:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3773:Anti-plurality
3769:
3768:
3763:
3757:
3751:
3745:
3740:
3738:Monotone
3735:
3730:
3720:
3714:
3708:
3703:
3697:
3692:
3690:Majority loser
3687:
3682:
3677:
3674:
3666:
3665:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3655:
3641:
3640:
3619:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3586:are used for d
3580:
3579:are used for d
3570:
3567:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3553:Mono-add-plump
3551:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3497:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3468:
3465:
3462:
3458:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3446:
3443:
3439:
3438:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3424:
3420:
3419:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3401:
3400:
3397:
3394:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3381:
3378:
3375:
3372:
3369:
3366:
3353:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3344:
3341:
3338:
3334:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3322:
3319:
3315:
3314:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3300:
3296:
3295:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3277:
3276:
3273:
3270:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3258:
3257:
3254:
3251:
3248:
3245:
3242:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3220:
3217:
3214:
3210:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3198:
3195:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3176:
3172:
3171:
3168:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3153:
3152:
3149:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3134:
3133:
3130:
3127:
3124:
3121:
3118:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3099:
3095:
3092:
3052:
3049:
3023:
3005:
3004:Implementation
3002:
2989:
2986:
2983:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2910:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2841:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2652:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2640:
2637:
2626:
2623:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2611:
2600:
2599:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2548:
2547:
2544:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2496:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2444:
2443:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2407:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2384:
2381:
2371:
2360:
2357:
2354:
2351:
2348:
2345:
2335:
2324:
2321:
2318:
2315:
2312:
2309:
2299:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2263:
2253:
2252:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2205:
2191:
2177:
2163:
2159:
2158:
2155:
2141:
2138:
2124:
2110:
2096:
2092:
2091:
2088:
2074:
2060:
2057:
2043:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2007:
1993:
1979:
1976:
1962:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1940:
1926:
1912:
1898:
1895:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1845:directed graph
1836:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1784:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1732:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1680:
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1676:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
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1628:
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1624:
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1615:
1613:
1602:
1599:
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1590:
1587:
1576:
1575:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1539:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1503:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1467:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1431:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1395:
1383:Directed graph
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1201:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1179:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1170:
1169:
1166:
1159:
1149:
1146:directed graph
1137:
1134:
1099:
1096:
1092:ranked ballots
1079:
1076:
967:Schulze method
961:
960:
958:
957:
950:
943:
935:
932:
931:
919:
918:
906:
893:
890:
889:
886:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
853:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
821:
816:
815:
812:
811:
808:
807:
802:
797:
792:
777:
776:
774:Turkey-raising
771:
766:
761:
747:
746:
745:
744:
734:
729:
717:
716:
714:Center squeeze
711:
706:
701:
699:Spoiler effect
692:
687:
686:
683:
682:
679:
678:
673:
672:
671:
658:By ballot type
654:
653:
652:
651:
646:
641:
631:
630:
629:
628:
627:
622:
612:
611:
610:
599:
576:
575:
574:
569:
564:
559:
541:
540:
535:
526:
521:
520:
517:
516:
513:
512:
510:Limited voting
507:
506:
505:
486:
485:
480:
475:
470:
469:
468:
463:
444:
443:
438:
433:
428:
414:
413:
408:
403:
398:
384:
383:
382:
381:
379:Localized list
376:
371:
366:
361:
351:
350:
349:
347:Biproportional
344:
339:
334:
318:
313:
312:
309:
308:
305:
304:
299:
294:
289:
275:
274:
259:
244:
220:
219:
218:
217:
212:
207:
202:
192:
178:
177:
176:
175:
164:
151:Instant-runoff
148:
147:
146:
138:Jungle primary
125:
114:Single vote -
112:
107:
106:
103:
102:
100:
99:
89:
84:
79:
74:
68:
65:
64:
54:
53:
43:
42:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8172:
8161:
8158:
8156:
8153:
8151:
8148:
8146:
8143:
8142:
8140:
8127:
8126:
8121:
8120:
8114:
8108:
8105:
8103:
8100:
8099:
8097:
8093:
8087:
8084:
8082:
8079:
8077:
8074:
8072:
8069:
8067:
8064:
8062:
8059:
8057:
8054:
8053:
8051:
8047:
8041:
8038:
8036:
8033:
8031:
8028:
8026:
8023:
8021:
8018:
8016:
8013:
8011:
8008:
8006:
8003:
8001:
7998:
7996:
7993:
7991:
7988:
7986:
7983:
7981:
7978:
7976:
7973:
7971:
7968:
7966:
7963:
7961:
7958:
7957:
7955:
7951:
7945:
7942:
7940:
7937:
7935:
7932:
7930:
7927:
7926:
7924:
7922:
7918:
7912:
7909:
7907:
7904:
7902:
7899:
7897:
7894:
7892:
7889:
7887:
7884:
7882:
7879:
7877:
7874:
7873:
7871:
7869:
7865:
7855:
7852:
7850:
7847:
7845:
7842:
7840:
7837:
7836:
7834:
7830:
7824:
7821:
7817:
7814:
7812:
7809:
7808:
7807:
7804:
7803:
7801:
7797:
7791:
7788:
7786:
7783:
7779:
7776:
7774:
7771:
7769:
7766:
7765:
7764:
7761:
7759:
7756:
7754:
7751:
7749:
7746:
7744:
7741:
7739:
7736:
7734:
7731:
7730:
7728:
7724:
7721:
7719:
7715:
7709:
7706:
7704:
7701:
7699:
7696:
7694:
7691:
7689:
7686:
7684:
7681:
7679:
7676:
7672:
7669:
7667:
7664:
7662:
7659:
7658:
7657:
7654:
7652:
7649:
7647:
7644:
7640:
7637:
7635:
7632:
7630:
7627:
7625:
7622:
7620:
7617:
7615:
7612:
7610:
7607:
7606:
7605:
7602:
7600:
7597:
7595:
7592:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7580:
7579:
7578:
7575:
7574:
7572:
7570:
7569:Single-winner
7566:
7562:
7560:
7556:
7549:
7545:
7538:
7533:
7531:
7526:
7524:
7519:
7518:
7515:
7509:
7506:
7504:
7501:
7499:
7496:
7494:
7491:
7488:
7485:
7481:
7480:Condorcet PHP
7478:
7476:
7473:
7470:
7467:
7465:
7464:0-7546-4717-X
7461:
7457:
7456:
7451:
7448:
7446:
7445:0-89871-695-0
7442:
7438:
7437:
7432:
7430:by Rob Loring
7429:
7426:
7424:
7417:
7414:
7412:
7408:
7405:
7402:
7399:
7398:
7394:
7387:
7381:
7378:
7373:
7369:
7365:
7357:
7354:
7350:
7346:
7340:
7337:
7333:
7330:
7327:
7322:
7319:
7314:
7310:
7304:
7301:
7289:
7285:
7279:
7276:
7265:
7261:
7255:
7252:
7246:
7243:
7241:, August 2009
7240:
7237:
7234:
7231:
7230:
7226:
7223:
7218:
7214:
7208:
7205:
7194:
7187:
7184:
7173:
7169:
7163:
7160:
7156:
7151:
7148:
7137:
7133:
7127:
7124:
7118:
7115:
7112:
7108:
7105:
7102:
7101:
7097:
7094:
7090:
7085:
7082:
7070:
7066:
7060:
7057:
7046:
7039:
7036:
7025:
7021:
7015:
7012:
7009:
7004:
7001:
6996:
6992:
6986:
6983:
6978:
6974:
6968:
6965:
6959:
6956:
6953:
6949:
6946:
6943:
6942:
6938:
6935:
6931:
6925:
6922:
6910:
6904:
6901:
6896:
6892:
6886:
6883:
6878:
6872:
6868:
6867:
6860:
6857:
6854:
6848:
6845:
6834:
6830:
6824:
6821:
6810:
6809:
6802:
6799:
6795:
6790:
6787:
6784:
6778:
6775:
6763:
6760:
6754:
6751:
6747:
6743:
6737:
6734:
6730:
6725:
6722:
6718:
6713:
6710:
6699:on 2013-10-03
6698:
6694:
6688:
6685:
6682:
6677:
6674:
6670:
6665:
6662:
6658:
6654:
6651:
6646:
6643:
6631:
6625:
6622:
6617:
6614:
6612:, appendix A6
6611:
6608:
6605:
6602:
6601:
6597:
6594:
6590:
6585:
6582:
6579:
6576:Adam Helman,
6573:
6570:
6566:
6560:
6557:
6551:
6548:
6545:
6542:
6539:
6536:
6535:
6531:
6528:
6524:
6518:
6515:
6511:
6506:
6503:
6500:
6497:§6(6) of the
6494:
6491:
6487:
6481:
6478:
6474:
6469:
6466:
6462:
6456:
6453:
6447:
6444:Ka-Ping Yee,
6443:
6440:
6437:Ka-Ping Yee,
6436:
6435:
6431:
6428:
6416:
6412:
6406:
6403:
6392:on 2013-09-09
6391:
6387:
6381:
6378:
6375:
6369:
6366:
6362:
6357:
6354:
6350:
6345:
6342:
6331:
6327:
6320:
6317:
6312:
6308:
6307:
6302:
6295:
6292:
6288:
6282:
6279:
6275:
6269:
6266:
6254:
6247:
6244:
6232:
6228:
6221:
6218:
6215:
6210:
6207:
6195:
6191:
6184:
6181:
6177:
6173:
6167:
6164:
6161:
6155:
6152:
6140:
6136:
6130:
6127:
6123:
6118:
6115:
6111:
6105:
6102:
6091:on 2015-04-02
6090:
6086:
6080:
6077:
6073:
6067:
6064:
6052:
6048:
6041:
6038:
6034:
6029:
6026:
6015:
6008:
6005:
6001:
5997:
5993:
5989:
5985:
5981:
5977:
5973:
5969:
5965:
5961:
5957:
5953:
5949:
5945:
5941:
5935:
5933:
5929:
5922:
5918:
5914:
5910:
5906:
5902:
5898:
5894:
5890:
5889:
5885:
5883:
5879:
5867:
5863:
5856:
5853:
5841:
5837:
5830:
5827:
5821:
5817:
5814:
5810:
5809:
5805:
5802:
5796:
5792:
5789:
5785:
5782:
5778:
5776:, August 1998
5775:
5771:
5768:
5764:
5761:
5757:
5756:
5752:
5749:
5743:
5740:
5736:
5732:
5726:
5724:
5722:
5718:
5714:
5710:
5704:
5702:
5700:
5698:
5696:
5694:
5692:
5690:
5688:
5686:
5684:
5682:
5680:
5678:
5674:
5670:
5666:
5660:
5657:
5650:
5644:
5640:
5636:
5632:
5628:
5624:
5621:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5526:
5523:
5521:
5518:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5500:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5428:BoardGameGeek
5426:
5421:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5396:
5392:
5385:Organizations
5384:
5380:
5376:
5374:
5370:
5368:
5364:
5362:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5327:
5323:
5319:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5307:
5303:
5299:
5295:
5291:
5287:
5283:
5279:
5275:
5271:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5258:
5254:
5250:
5246:
5242:
5238:
5235:
5234:
5233:
5231:
5227:
5223:
5219:
5211:
5209:
5207:
5203:
5199:
5195:
5191:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5166:
5164:
5162:
5161:
5155:
5149:
5147:
5143:
5141:
5137:
5133:
5128:
5126:
5121:
5105:
5102:
5096:
5093:
5087:
5085:
5081:
5074:
5072:
5070:
5066:
5060:
5057:
5051:
5048:
5044:
5038:
5036:
5034:
5030:
5026:
5022:
5021:later-no-help
5018:
5017:later-no-harm
5014:
5013:participation
5010:
5006:
5001:
4999:
4997:
4995:
4993:
4991:
4989:
4985:
4979:
4974:
4971:
4968:
4965:
4962:
4959:
4956:
4953:
4950:
4947:
4944:
4941:
4938:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4926:
4922:
4919:
4916:
4913:
4910:
4907:
4904:
4901:
4898:
4895:
4892:
4889:
4886:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4874:
4870:
4867:
4864:
4861:
4858:
4855:
4852:
4849:
4846:
4843:
4840:
4837:
4834:
4831:
4828:
4825:
4822:
4821:
4817:
4814:
4811:
4808:
4805:
4802:
4799:
4795:
4792:
4789:
4786:
4783:
4780:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4768:
4764:
4761:
4758:
4755:
4751:
4748:
4745:
4742:
4739:
4736:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4715:
4711:
4708:
4705:
4702:
4699:
4696:
4693:
4690:
4687:
4684:
4681:
4678:
4675:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4663:
4659:
4656:
4653:
4650:
4646:
4643:
4640:
4637:
4634:
4631:
4628:
4625:
4622:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4610:
4606:
4603:
4600:
4597:
4594:
4591:
4588:
4585:
4582:
4579:
4576:
4573:
4570:
4567:
4564:
4561:
4560:Random ballot
4558:
4557:
4553:
4550:
4547:
4544:
4541:
4538:
4535:
4532:
4529:
4526:
4523:
4520:
4517:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4505:
4501:
4498:
4495:
4492:
4489:
4486:
4483:
4480:
4477:
4474:
4471:
4468:
4465:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4453:
4449:
4446:
4443:
4439:
4436:
4433:
4430:
4427:
4424:
4421:
4418:
4414:
4411:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4399:
4395:
4392:
4389:
4386:
4383:
4380:
4377:
4374:
4371:
4368:
4365:
4362:
4359:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4347:
4343:
4340:
4337:
4334:
4331:
4328:
4325:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4313:
4310:
4307:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4282:
4278:
4275:
4272:
4268:
4265:
4262:
4259:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4239:
4235:
4232:
4229:
4226:
4223:
4220:
4217:
4214:
4211:
4208:
4205:
4202:
4199:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4187:
4183:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4171:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4156:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4135:
4131:
4128:
4125:
4122:
4119:
4116:
4113:
4110:
4107:
4104:
4101:
4098:
4095:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4083:
4079:
4076:
4073:
4070:
4067:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4055:
4052:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4031:
4027:
4024:
4021:
4018:
4015:
4012:
4009:
4006:
4003:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3979:
3975:
3972:
3969:
3966:
3963:
3960:
3957:
3954:
3951:
3948:
3945:
3942:
3939:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3923:
3920:
3917:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3875:
3871:
3868:
3865:
3862:
3859:
3856:
3853:
3849:
3846:
3843:
3840:
3837:
3834:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3822:
3818:
3815:
3812:
3809:
3806:
3803:
3800:
3797:
3794:
3791:
3788:
3785:
3782:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3764:
3761:
3758:
3755:
3754:Later-no-help
3752:
3749:
3748:Later-no-harm
3746:
3744:
3743:Participation
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3728:
3724:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3673:
3672:
3664:
3658:
3653:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3639:
3636:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3623:ranked voting
3617:
3616:Later-no-harm
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3601:Participation
3599:
3598:
3597:
3591:
3585:
3581:
3578:
3577:winning votes
3574:
3571:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3490:
3485:
3483:
3475:
3472:
3469:
3466:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3447:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3417:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3383:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3364:
3358:
3351:
3348:
3345:
3342:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3323:
3320:
3317:
3316:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3293:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3234:
3227:
3224:
3221:
3218:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3199:
3196:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3177:
3174:
3173:
3169:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3150:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3110:
3103:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3089:
3088:
3087:
3085:
3081:
3076:
3074:
3073:random ballot
3069:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3050:
3048:
3046:
3042:
3040:
3035:
3031:
3021:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3003:
3001:
2984:
2981:
2978:
2972:
2969:
2963:
2960:
2957:
2951:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2902:
2899:
2891:
2872:
2869:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2848:
2845:
2839:
2836:
2833:
2827:
2821:
2818:
2803:
2780:
2777:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2756:
2753:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2735:
2729:
2726:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2661:
2654:
2653:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2609:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2557:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2505:
2498:
2497:
2493:
2490:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2453:
2446:
2445:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2415:
2408:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2379:
2372:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2343:
2336:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2307:
2300:
2283:
2280:
2277:
2271:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2210:
2206:
2203:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2182:
2178:
2175:
2168:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2146:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2129:
2125:
2122:
2115:
2111:
2108:
2101:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2086:
2079:
2075:
2072:
2065:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2034:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2012:
2008:
2005:
1998:
1994:
1991:
1984:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1967:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1952:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1931:
1927:
1924:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1866:
1865:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1848:
1846:
1841:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1793:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1741:
1734:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1689:
1682:
1681:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1637:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1585:
1578:
1577:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1547:
1540:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1511:
1504:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1475:
1468:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1439:
1432:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1403:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1362:
1359:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1341:
1321:
1318:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1300:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1177:
1175:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1156:random ballot
1153:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1143:
1142:
1141:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1130:majority rule
1127:
1123:
1118:
1114:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1084:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1017:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1004:
1003:single winner
998:
968:
956:
951:
949:
944:
942:
937:
936:
934:
933:
930:
925:
917:
912:
907:
905:
900:
895:
894:
892:
891:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
873:May's theorem
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
860:
859:
858:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
827:
826:
825:
819:
814:
813:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
787:
786:
785:
784:
783:majority rule
781:Paradoxes of
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
756:
755:
754:
753:
743:
740:
739:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
724:
723:
722:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
696:
695:
690:
685:
684:
677:
674:
670:
667:
666:
665:
662:
661:
660:
659:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
636:
635:
632:
626:
623:
621:
618:
617:
616:
613:
609:
604:
600:
598:
593:
589:
588:
587:
584:
583:
582:
581:
577:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
554:
553:
552:
547:
546:
545:
539:
536:
534:
531:
530:
529:
524:
523:Mixed systems
519:
518:
511:
508:
504:
501:
500:
499:
496:
495:
494:
493:
492:
484:
483:Random ballot
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
467:
464:
462:
459:
458:
457:
454:
453:
452:
451:
450:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
423:
422:
421:
420:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
393:
392:
391:
390:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
356:
355:
352:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
329:
328:
327:Apportionment
325:
324:
323:
322:
316:
311:
310:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
288:
285:
284:
283:
282:
281:
272:
268:
263:
262:Antiplurality
260:
257:
253:
248:
245:
242:
238:
233:
230:
229:
228:
227:
226:
216:
213:
211:
208:
206:
203:
201:
198:
197:
196:
193:
191:
190:Condorcet-IRV
188:
187:
186:
185:
184:
174:
169:
165:
163:
158:
154:
153:
152:
149:
145:
142:
141:
139:
134:
129:
126:
124:
121:
120:
119:
117:
110:
105:
104:
97:
93:
90:
88:
85:
83:
80:
78:
75:
73:
72:Social choice
70:
69:
67:
66:
60:
56:
55:
52:
48:
47:Social choice
44:
40:
36:
32:
31:
19:
8123:
8117:
7733:Mixed-member
7718:Proportional
7693:Score voting
7638:
7634:Ranked pairs
7553:Part of the
7552:
7453:
7434:
7416:Spieltheorie
7380:
7372:the original
7367:
7356:
7339:
7321:
7315:(in Hebrew).
7312:
7303:
7292:. Retrieved
7287:
7278:
7268:, retrieved
7263:
7254:
7225:
7216:
7207:
7196:. Retrieved
7186:
7175:. Retrieved
7171:
7162:
7150:
7139:. Retrieved
7135:
7126:
7096:
7091:, March 2010
7084:
7073:. Retrieved
7068:
7059:
7048:. Retrieved
7038:
7027:. Retrieved
7023:
7014:
7003:
6994:
6985:
6976:
6967:
6937:
6924:
6913:. Retrieved
6903:
6894:
6885:
6865:
6859:
6847:
6836:. Retrieved
6832:
6823:
6813:, retrieved
6807:
6801:
6789:
6777:
6766:. Retrieved
6764:. 2009-04-02
6761:
6753:
6736:
6724:
6719:, March 2009
6712:
6701:. Retrieved
6697:the original
6687:
6676:
6669:Voters Guide
6664:
6645:
6634:. Retrieved
6624:
6596:
6584:
6572:
6559:
6530:
6517:
6505:
6493:
6480:
6475:, April 2013
6468:
6455:
6448:, April 2005
6441:, March 2005
6430:
6418:. Retrieved
6414:
6405:
6394:. Retrieved
6390:the original
6380:
6368:
6356:
6344:
6333:. Retrieved
6329:
6319:
6311:the original
6304:
6294:
6281:
6268:
6257:. Retrieved
6246:
6235:. Retrieved
6230:
6220:
6209:
6198:. Retrieved
6193:
6183:
6166:
6154:
6143:. Retrieved
6138:
6129:
6117:
6104:
6093:. Retrieved
6089:the original
6079:
6066:
6055:. Retrieved
6053:(in Italian)
6050:
6040:
6028:
6017:. Retrieved
6007:
5921:the original
5909:the original
5897:the original
5870:. Retrieved
5868:(in Catalan)
5865:
5855:
5844:. Retrieved
5842:(in Spanish)
5839:
5829:
5804:
5751:
5742:
5734:
5712:
5668:
5659:
5559:OpenEmbedded
5403:
5388:
5355:Kingman Hall
5226:Boise, Idaho
5224:(2010). The
5215:
5187:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5144:
5139:
5135:
5131:
5129:
5125:ranked pairs
5122:
5119:
5104:
5095:
5059:
5050:
4980:Table Notes
4717:
4712:Single mark
4613:Ranked pairs
4607:Single mark
4554:Single mark
4350:Kemeny–Young
3819:Single mark
3662:
3648:Peyton Young
3642:
3625:system (not
3620:
3595:
3494:
3480:
3356:
3232:
3108:
3091:elimination.
3083:
3079:
3077:
3070:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3054:
3044:
3038:
3034:running time
3027:
3007:
2889:
2801:
2707:
2215:
2201:
2187:
2173:
2151:
2134:
2120:
2106:
2084:
2070:
2053:
2039:
2017:
2003:
1989:
1972:
1950:
1936:
1922:
1908:
1857:
1852:
1849:
1842:
1839:
1260:
1181:
1173:
1139:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1108:
1101:
1089:
1072:score voting
1060:Pirate Party
1033:
1028:
1018:
1009:
966:
964:
856:
855:
822:
780:
779:
764:Exaggeration
750:
749:
720:
719:
693:
657:
656:
625:Mixed ballot
580:Compensatory
578:
551:compensatory
548:
543:
527:
489:
488:
447:
446:
417:
416:
387:
386:
374:List-free PR
319:
287:Score voting
278:
277:
223:
222:
210:Ranked pairs
204:
181:
180:
113:
8076:Spoilt vote
7839:Droop quota
7778:Schulze STV
7753:Rural–urban
7698:STAR voting
7594:Borda count
7419:(in German)
7411:Hubert Bray
7290:(in French)
7247:, June 2011
7235:, June 2008
6909:"Wahlmodus"
6895:Google Docs
6796:, June 2009
6748:2023-06-06)
6659:, July 2010
6606:, June 2003
6521:§9a of the
6363:, June 2021
6289:, June 2013
6276:, July 2012
6255:(in German)
5998:(in 2012) (
5990:(in 2011) (
5972:Lichtenberg
5769:, July 1998
5554:Noisebridge
5418: [
5318:Volt Europe
5306:Switzerland
5261:San Cesareo
5200:and by the
5009:consistency
3606:Consistency
3569:MinMax sets
3550:Mono-append
3237:First drop
3080:demonstrate
2944:wins since
1064:many others
1044:Schulze STV
1021:cyclic ties
664:Single vote
567:Conditional
562:Coexistence
411:Quota Borda
401:Schulze STV
359:Closed list
302:STAR voting
247:Borda count
8139:Categories
8095:Comparison
7849:Hare quota
7799:Allocation
7785:Spare vote
7773:Hare-Clark
7743:Party-list
7294:2022-09-24
7270:2022-09-24
7198:2022-09-24
7177:2022-09-24
7141:2022-09-24
7075:2022-09-24
7050:2022-09-24
7029:2022-09-24
6915:2010-05-08
6838:2022-09-24
6815:2022-09-24
6768:2022-09-24
6703:2022-09-24
6636:2010-05-08
6567:, May 2021
6488:, May 2014
6396:2010-05-08
6335:2022-09-24
6259:2022-09-24
6237:2022-09-24
6233:(in Dutch)
6200:2022-09-24
6145:2022-09-24
6095:2022-09-24
6057:2022-09-24
6019:2018-02-25
5996:Regensburg
5942:are using
5872:2022-09-24
5846:2022-09-24
5592:Sugar Labs
5573:OpenSwitch
5535:Madisonium
5515:Kubernetes
5253:Montemurlo
5241:Campobasso
5184:Government
4638:LIIA Only
4375:LIIA Only
3018:pseudocode
1283:8+2+7+8=25
1271:5+5+3+7=20
1122:transitive
769:Truncation
498:Cumulative
321:Party-list
96:By country
87:Comparison
8086:Unseating
8081:Sortition
7683:Plurality
7559:Economics
7469:preftools
7264:Wikipédia
6833:Kumoricon
6420:4 October
5635:Hungarian
5617:Wikimedia
5569:OpenStack
5520:Kumoricon
5467:Free Geek
5397:, and by
5393:, by the
5270:Australia
5179:elections
5027:criteria.
4824:Sortition
4508:Plurality
3717:Smith-IIA
3675:Criterion
3030:efficient
2970:≥
2716:, since
2674:∗
2622:∗
2570:∗
2518:∗
2466:∗
2422:∗
2386:∗
2350:∗
2314:∗
2278:∗
2200:E-(31)-D-
2190:-C-(29)-B
2186:E-(31)-D-
2150:D-(28)-C-
2123:-C-(29)-B
2073:-B-(33)-D
2038:C-(29)-B-
1988:B-(33)-D-
1921:A-(30)-D-
1911:-C-(29)-B
1907:A-(30)-D-
1806:∗
1754:∗
1702:∗
1650:∗
1598:∗
1554:∗
1518:∗
1482:∗
1446:∗
1410:∗
1068:Wikimedia
676:Dual-vote
369:Panachage
364:Open list
354:List type
232:Plurality
128:Two-round
116:plurality
39:Economics
7953:Criteria
7906:Scorporo
7555:politics
7452:(2006),
7439:, SIAM,
7368:kalan.cc
7107:Archived
6948:Archived
6653:Archived
5948:Neukölln
5602:TopCoder
5505:KDE e.V.
5491:Homebrew
4138:Copeland
3825:Approval
3685:Majority
3566:prudence
3032:and has
1853:strength
1111:strength
1029:beatpath
396:Hare STV
35:Politics
33:A joint
8125:Project
7816:D'Hondt
7768:CPO-STV
7726:Systems
7487:library
6565:charter
6461:charter
6194:Píratar
5978:), and
5643:Persian
5639:Russian
5539:Metalab
5527:(LOPSA)
5486:Haskell
5482:(GnuPG)
5458:(EUDEC)
5290:Iceland
5286:Germany
5278:Belgium
5274:Austria
5257:Pescara
5150:History
4923:Scores
4818:Scores
4718:Schulze
4402:Minimax
4292:Scores
4190:Dodgson
4034:Bucklin
3878:Baldwin
3765:Ballot
3584:margins
1178:Example
1144:Draw a
1001:) is a
406:CPO-STV
256:Baldwin
205:Schulze
200:Minimax
118:methods
8145:Debian
8119:Portal
8056:Ballot
7832:Quotas
7561:series
7462:
7443:
7069:rllmuk
6873:
6853:bylaws
6746:source
6523:bylaws
6499:bylaws
6486:bylaws
6306:Medium
6287:bylaws
6274:bylaws
6172:french
6160:bylaws
6110:bylaws
6072:bylaws
5988:Berlin
5641:, and
5631:Hebrew
5627:French
5619:(2008)
5607:Ubuntu
5597:Sverok
5582:Squeak
5577:RLLMUK
5462:FFmpeg
5446:Debian
5424:(BVKJ)
5399:USENIX
5308:, and
5302:Sweden
5282:Brazil
5259:, and
5023:, and
4666:Runoff
4456:Nanson
4086:Coombs
3680:Method
3058:margin
3043:where
2936:, and
2890:better
2802:better
1281:, and
1255:EBADC
1247:DCEBA
1239:CBADE
1231:CAEBD
1223:CABED
1215:BEDAC
1207:ADECB
1199:ACBED
1056:Gentoo
1052:Ubuntu
1048:Debian
271:Coombs
41:series
8049:Other
7868:Mixed
7229:See:
7100:See:
6941:See:
6600:See:
6534:See:
6434:See:
6176:dutch
5956:Mitte
5888:See:
5808:See:
5755:See:
5651:Notes
5422:]
5294:Italy
5245:Fondi
5194:Turin
5190:Silla
5167:Usage
4871:None
4771:Score
3982:Borda
3930:Black
3767:type
3711:Smith
3627:rated
1293:. So
1104:Alice
1025:Alice
608:'MMP'
597:'AMS'
7557:and
7460:ISBN
7441:ISBN
7386:here
7384:See
7349:here
7347:and
7345:here
7343:See
6871:ISBN
6422:2015
6000:link
5992:link
5984:link
5976:link
5968:link
5960:link
5952:link
5441:Dapr
5196:and
4957:Yes
4951:Yes
4948:Yes
4945:Yes
4942:Yes
4939:Yes
4936:Yes
4933:Yes
4908:Yes
4893:Yes
4884:Yes
4877:STAR
4868:Yes
4865:Yes
4862:Yes
4859:Yes
4856:Yes
4850:Yes
4815:Yes
4812:Yes
4806:Yes
4803:Yes
4800:Yes
4749:Yes
4746:Yes
4740:Yes
4737:Yes
4734:Yes
4731:Yes
4728:Yes
4725:Yes
4722:Yes
4706:Yes
4703:Yes
4682:Yes
4673:Yes
4670:Yes
4644:Yes
4641:Yes
4635:Yes
4632:Yes
4629:Yes
4626:Yes
4623:Yes
4620:Yes
4617:Yes
4604:Yes
4601:Yes
4598:Yes
4595:Yes
4592:Yes
4589:Yes
4586:Yes
4548:Yes
4545:Yes
4542:Yes
4539:Yes
4512:Yes
4475:Yes
4472:Yes
4469:Yes
4466:Yes
4463:Yes
4460:Yes
4434:Yes
4406:Yes
4381:Yes
4372:Yes
4369:Yes
4366:Yes
4363:Yes
4360:Yes
4357:Yes
4354:Yes
4338:Yes
4335:Yes
4326:Yes
4314:Yes
4308:Yes
4305:Yes
4302:Yes
4289:Yes
4286:Yes
4276:Yes
4273:Yes
4246:Yes
4203:Yes
4194:Yes
4169:Yes
4160:Yes
4157:Yes
4154:Yes
4151:Yes
4148:Yes
4145:Yes
4142:Yes
4129:Yes
4102:Yes
4096:Yes
4093:Yes
4090:Yes
4074:Yes
4065:Yes
4044:Yes
4041:Yes
4038:Yes
4022:Yes
4016:Yes
4013:Yes
3998:Yes
3989:Yes
3961:Yes
3946:Yes
3943:Yes
3937:Yes
3934:Yes
3897:Yes
3894:Yes
3891:Yes
3888:Yes
3885:Yes
3882:Yes
3869:Yes
3866:Yes
3860:Yes
3857:Yes
3854:Yes
3829:Yes
3816:Yes
3807:Yes
3804:Yes
3780:Yes
3727:LIIA
3437:−11
3313:−11
3189:−11
2921:>
2915:>
2909:>
2903:>
2846:>
2754:>
2712:and
2247:From
2216:(31)
2202:(28)
2188:(28)
2174:(25)
2152:(24)
2135:(28)
2121:(28)
2107:(25)
2085:(24)
2071:(29)
2054:(29)
2040:(25)
2018:(24)
2004:(33)
1990:(28)
1973:(25)
1951:(24)
1937:(30)
1923:(28)
1909:(28)
1871:From
1334:and
1265:and
1038:, a
1034:For
965:The
549:Non-
503:SNTV
92:List
49:and
37:and
7881:MMP
7484:PHP
7421:by
7409:by
5970:),
5962:),
5954:),
5625:in
5549:Neo
5544:MTV
5268:of
5239:of
4972:No
4969:No
4966:No
4963:No
4960:No
4954:No
4920:No
4917:No
4914:No
4911:No
4905:No
4902:No
4899:No
4896:No
4890:No
4887:No
4881:No
4853:No
4847:No
4844:No
4841:No
4838:No
4835:No
4832:No
4829:No
4809:No
4796:Yes
4793:No
4790:No
4787:No
4784:No
4781:No
4778:No
4775:No
4762:No
4759:No
4756:No
4743:No
4709:No
4700:No
4697:No
4694:No
4691:No
4688:No
4685:No
4679:No
4676:No
4657:No
4654:No
4651:No
4583:No
4580:No
4577:No
4574:No
4571:No
4568:No
4565:No
4551:No
4536:No
4533:No
4530:No
4527:No
4524:No
4521:No
4518:No
4515:No
4499:No
4496:No
4493:No
4490:No
4487:No
4484:No
4481:No
4478:No
4447:No
4444:No
4437:No
4431:No
4428:No
4425:No
4422:No
4419:No
4415:Yes
4412:No
4409:No
4393:No
4390:No
4387:No
4384:No
4378:No
4341:No
4332:No
4329:No
4323:No
4320:No
4317:No
4311:No
4283:No
4269:Yes
4266:No
4263:No
4260:No
4257:No
4249:Yes
4233:No
4230:No
4227:No
4224:No
4221:No
4218:No
4215:No
4212:No
4209:No
4206:No
4200:No
4197:No
4181:No
4178:No
4175:No
4172:No
4166:No
4163:No
4126:No
4123:No
4120:No
4117:No
4114:No
4111:No
4108:No
4105:No
4099:No
4077:No
4071:No
4068:No
4062:No
4059:No
4056:No
4053:No
4050:No
4047:No
4025:No
4019:No
4010:No
4007:No
4004:No
4001:No
3995:No
3992:No
3986:No
3973:No
3970:No
3967:No
3964:No
3958:No
3955:No
3952:No
3949:No
3940:No
3921:No
3918:No
3915:No
3912:No
3909:No
3906:No
3903:No
3900:No
3863:No
3850:Yes
3847:No
3844:No
3841:No
3838:No
3835:No
3832:No
3813:No
3810:No
3801:No
3798:No
3795:No
3792:No
3789:No
3786:No
3783:No
3777:No
3723:IIA
3629:),
3575:if
3473:−21
3467:−15
3464:−17
3456:21
3451:−13
3418:15
3399:17
3349:−21
3343:−15
3340:−17
3332:21
3327:−13
3294:15
3275:17
3225:−21
3219:−15
3216:−17
3208:21
3203:−13
3170:15
3151:17
2800:is
2650:24
2598:24
2546:24
2494:24
2154:-E
2087:-E
2020:-E
1953:-E
1782:14
1730:24
1678:18
1626:22
1289:to
1277:to
267:el.
252:el.
241:IRV
237:el.
8141::
8122:—
7286:.
7262:,
7215:.
7170:.
7134:.
7067:.
7022:.
6993:.
6975:.
6893:.
6831:.
6413:.
6328:.
6229:.
6192:.
6174:,
6137:.
6049:.
5931:^
5881:^
5864:.
5838:.
5733:,
5720:^
5676:^
5637:,
5633:,
5629:,
5420:de
5304:,
5300:,
5296:,
5292:,
5288:,
5284:,
5280:,
5276:,
5272:,
5255:,
5251:,
5247:,
5243:,
5163:.
5083:^
5068:^
5032:^
5019:,
5015:,
5011:,
4987:^
4752:No
4647:No
4440:No
4279:No
4253:No
3470:11
3461:D
3445:−9
3442:B
3434:13
3429:−7
3423:C
3415:−5
3407:−1
3404:A
3393:−3
3385:E
3380:D
3346:11
3337:D
3321:−9
3318:B
3310:13
3305:−7
3299:C
3291:−5
3283:−1
3280:A
3269:−3
3261:E
3256:D
3222:11
3213:D
3197:−9
3194:B
3186:13
3181:−7
3175:C
3167:−5
3159:−1
3156:A
3145:−3
3137:E
3132:D
3075:.
3037:O(
2873:24
2819:31
2781:25
2727:28
2700:31
2697:28
2694:28
2691:25
2645:28
2642:28
2639:25
2595:29
2590:29
2587:25
2543:33
2540:28
2535:25
2491:30
2488:28
2485:28
2250:To
2243:E
2224:E
2221:—
2218:-D
2214:E-
2204:-C
2176:-A
2162:E
2157:D
2137:-C
2133:D-
2119:D-
2109:-A
2095:D
2090:C
2083:C-
2069:C-
2056:-B
2052:C-
2042:-A
2028:C
2023:B
2006:-D
2002:B-
1992:-C
1975:-A
1971:B-
1961:B
1956:A
1939:-D
1935:A-
1925:-C
1894:A
1887:E
1868:To
1832:31
1829:21
1826:27
1823:23
1777:28
1774:12
1771:15
1727:17
1722:29
1719:19
1675:33
1672:16
1667:25
1623:30
1620:26
1617:20
1363:25
1322:20
1158:).
1074:.
1058:,
1054:,
1050:,
1031:.
603:NZ
592:UK
168:US
157:UK
140:)
133:US
7536:e
7529:t
7522:v
7351:.
7297:.
7219:.
7201:.
7180:.
7144:.
7078:.
7053:.
7032:.
6997:.
6979:.
6918:.
6897:.
6879:.
6841:.
6771:.
6706:.
6639:.
6424:.
6399:.
6338:.
6262:.
6240:.
6203:.
6178:)
6148:.
6098:.
6060:.
6022:.
5982:(
5974:(
5966:(
5958:(
5950:(
5875:.
5849:.
5645:.
5140:X
5136:X
5132:X
3725:/
3654:.
3448:5
3426:3
3412:7
3396:9
3390:1
3377:B
3374:C
3371:A
3368:E
3324:5
3302:3
3288:7
3272:9
3266:1
3253:B
3250:C
3247:A
3244:E
3200:5
3178:3
3164:7
3148:9
3142:1
3129:B
3126:C
3123:A
3120:E
3066:d
3062:d
3045:C
3041:)
3039:C
2988:]
2985:E
2982:,
2979:X
2976:[
2973:p
2967:]
2964:X
2961:,
2958:E
2955:[
2952:p
2942:E
2938:E
2924:D
2918:B
2912:C
2906:A
2900:E
2876:)
2870:=
2867:(
2864:]
2861:E
2858:,
2855:D
2852:[
2849:p
2843:]
2840:D
2837:,
2834:E
2831:[
2828:p
2825:)
2822:=
2816:(
2806:B
2798:A
2784:)
2778:=
2775:(
2772:]
2769:A
2766:,
2763:B
2760:[
2757:p
2751:]
2748:B
2745:,
2742:A
2739:[
2736:p
2733:)
2730:=
2724:(
2714:B
2710:A
2677:]
2671:,
2668:E
2665:[
2662:p
2625:]
2619:,
2616:D
2613:[
2610:p
2573:]
2567:,
2564:C
2561:[
2558:p
2521:]
2515:,
2512:B
2509:[
2506:p
2469:]
2463:,
2460:A
2457:[
2454:p
2431:]
2428:E
2425:,
2419:[
2416:p
2395:]
2392:D
2389:,
2383:[
2380:p
2359:]
2356:C
2353:,
2347:[
2344:p
2323:]
2320:B
2317:,
2311:[
2308:p
2287:]
2284:A
2281:,
2275:[
2272:p
2240:D
2237:C
2234:B
2231:A
2140:—
2059:—
1978:—
1897:—
1884:D
1881:C
1878:B
1875:A
1809:]
1803:,
1800:E
1797:[
1794:d
1757:]
1751:,
1748:D
1745:[
1742:d
1705:]
1699:,
1696:C
1693:[
1690:d
1653:]
1647:,
1644:B
1641:[
1638:d
1601:]
1595:,
1592:A
1589:[
1586:d
1563:]
1560:E
1557:,
1551:[
1548:d
1527:]
1524:D
1521:,
1515:[
1512:d
1491:]
1488:C
1485:,
1479:[
1476:d
1455:]
1452:B
1449:,
1443:[
1440:d
1419:]
1416:A
1413:,
1407:[
1404:d
1360:=
1357:]
1354:A
1351:,
1348:B
1345:[
1342:d
1319:=
1316:]
1313:B
1310:,
1307:A
1304:[
1301:d
1291:A
1287:B
1279:B
1275:A
1267:B
1263:A
1252:8
1244:7
1236:2
1228:7
1220:3
1212:8
1204:5
1196:5
1165:.
997:/
994:ə
991:s
988:t
985:l
982:ʊ
979:ʃ
976:ˈ
973:/
969:(
954:e
947:t
940:v
605::
594::
273:)
264:(
258:)
249:(
243:)
234:(
170::
159::
135::
130:(
98:)
94:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
