42:
170:
1900:(2007): A new model Gondwanan taxon: systematics and biogeography of the harvestman family Pettalidae (Arachnida, Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi), with a taxonomic revision of genera from Australia and New Zealand.
1779:
Giribet, Gonzalo; Boyer, Sarah L.; Baker, Caitlin M.; Fernández, Rosa; Sharma, Prashant P.; Bivort, Benjamin L. de; Daniels, Savel R.; Harvey, Mark S.; Griswold, Charles E. (2016-11-01).
2058:
2084:
1858:
588:(Western Australia) are not sister groups. It is possible that the Cyphophthalmi dispersed across Australia while the central region was covered with
2032:
2071:
594:
rainforest (until 37 mya), or that the ancestors of the two genera independently dispersed from adjacent landmasses now separate from
Australia.
1781:"A molecular phylogeny of the temperate Gondwanan family Pettalidae (Arachnida, Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi) and the limits of taxonomic sampling"
526:, although it is at the moment (2007) unclear what the nearest relatives are. It probably originated in the southern part of Gondwana.
1892:
2076:
1820:
2130:
244:
1993:
1970:
690:
2089:
1408:
940:
620:, instead of being monophyletic with the other two New Zealand genera, which themselves appear as sister groups in
1853:
1040:
890:
1361:
1306:
930:
1716:
1159:
1070:
990:
980:
860:
1020:
970:
950:
920:
910:
700:
569:
forests that were predominant in temperate
Gondwana. Pettalidae were likely present throughout the forests of
1331:
1286:
1149:
1030:
1010:
960:
870:
802:
1455:
1346:
1316:
1060:
1050:
900:
880:
830:
1403:
1296:
1256:
1246:
1188:
850:
840:
1923:
1688:
1475:
1276:
1217:
1000:
658:
1489:
1465:
1416:
1390:
1266:
1113:
1103:
652:
637:
1998:
1648:
1528:
1426:
1395:
1118:
774:
754:
676:
1499:
744:
1678:
1668:
1578:
1538:
1481:
788:
714:
2019:
1608:
1568:
1558:
1548:
816:
764:
243:
have eyes, these were long thought to be absent in the family, mainly because they cannot be seen by
1698:
1598:
1130:
2125:
1588:
1513:
1231:
734:
724:
666:
1658:
1638:
1628:
1618:
1202:
41:
1173:
1084:
129:
58:
563:
The main lineages of the family may have arisen rapidly, possibly during the rapid expansion of
544:
1440:
2097:
2006:
1888:
1802:
1375:
1138:
621:
574:
553:
527:
2063:
1908:
1792:
287:, where they are most diverse by far, with 29 species and subspecies found in three genera.
2102:
1961:
169:
549:
206:
147:
2119:
1912:
609:
557:
535:
531:
214:
117:
2011:
573:, which formed a land bridge between Australia and South America up until circa 50
565:
523:
268:
156:
1975:
608:. Western South Africa and southern South America were last connected during the
2045:
1955:
1828:
284:
230:
17:
590:
570:
272:
183:
81:
1946:
1806:
539:
280:
276:
105:
93:
1985:
616:
from New
Zealand appears as the sister group to all Pettalidae except for
1940:
260:
248:
236:
They are two to five millimeters long, usually with an oval shaped body.
259:
The members of this family are distributed throughout former temperate
187:
2050:
1797:
1780:
69:
2037:
1917:
600:
from eastern South Africa is sister to all other
Pettalidae, while
194:. Several undescribed species are known or assumed in some genera.
1092:
264:
191:
632:
The family
Pettalidae contains the following genera and species:
2024:
210:
1921:
516:
Phylogeny of most
Pettalidae(after Boyer & Giribet 2007)
1867:(1971): Les opilions cyphophthalmes cavernicoles. Notes sur
1884:(eds.) (2007): Harvestmen - The Biology of Opiliones.
624:, but not in direct optimization parsimony analyses.
530:
suggests it could be a sister group to the remaining
1930:
1859:
1765:(2007): Pettalidae Shear, 1980. In: Pinto-da-Rocha
1742:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1732:
604:from western South Africa is sister to the Chilean
225:All species except the cave-dwelling South African
1882:Pinto-da-Rocha, R., Machado, G. & Giribet, G.
247:. They are often incorporated at the base of the
807:Giribet, Shaw, Lord & Derkarabetian, 2022
793:Giribet, Shaw, Lord & Derkarabetian, 2022
534:, though this could also be the case for the
8:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1752:
995:Jay, Popkin-Hall, Coblens & Boyer, 2016
1918:
168:
40:
31:
1796:
1785:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
612:, about 150 mya. Likewise, the monotypic
1431:Sharma, Karunarathna & Giribet, 2009
1728:
542:, or specifically to the sironid genus
1763:Giribet, Gonzalo & Boyer, Sarah L.
7:
905:Boyer, Baker & Popkin-Hall, 2015
584:(Eastern Australia: Queensland) and
423:
352:
329:
306:
299:
1005:Popkin-Hall, Jay & Boyer, 2016
965:Popkin-Hall, Jay & Boyer, 2016
945:Popkin-Hall, Jay & Boyer, 2016
25:
229:spend their entire life cycle in
1913:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2007.00149.x
538:, or it could be related to the
1852:Joel Hallan's Biology Catalog:
239:Although all Pettalidae except
1573:Phillipps & Grimmett, 1932
1015:Jay, Coblens & Boyer, 2016
985:Jay, Coblens & Boyer, 2016
691:Aoraki denticulata denticulata
1:
1898:Boyer, S.L. & Giribet, G.
1494:de Bivort & Giribet, 2010
1470:de Bivort & Giribet, 2010
1301:de Bivort & Giribet, 2010
1281:de Bivort & Giribet, 2010
1261:de Bivort & Giribet, 2010
1251:de Bivort & Giribet, 2010
1045:Popkin-Hall & Boyer, 2014
941:Austropurcellia finniganensis
875:Popkin-Hall & Boyer, 2014
845:Popkin-Hall & Boyer, 2014
835:Boyer & Popkin-Hall, 2015
245:scanning electron microscopy
1445:Hansen & Sørensen, 1904
1209:(New Zealand: South Island)
1041:Austropurcellia superbensis
891:Austropurcellia capricornia
251:and typically lack lenses.
2147:
1873:Bull. Mus. Natl Hist. Nat.
1421:Sharma & Giribet, 2006
1362:Parapurcellia transvaalica
1356:Bivort & Giribet, 2010
1307:Parapurcellia peregrinator
931:Austropurcellia despectata
1821:"Cyphophthalmi Checklist"
1623:Boyer & Giribet, 2003
1160:Karripurcellia sierwaldae
1071:Austropurcellia woodwardi
991:Austropurcellia monteithi
981:Austropurcellia megatanka
861:Austropurcellia arcticosa
642:Boyer & Giribet, 2007
548:. It is unrelated to the
522:The family Pettalidae is
469:
444:
428:
421:
405:
389:
373:
357:
350:
334:
327:
311:
304:
167:
162:
155:
59:Scientific classification
57:
48:
39:
34:
1886:Harvard University Press
1746:Boyer & Giribet 2007
1717:Environment of Sri Lanka
1193:Shear & Gruber, 1996
1178:Shear & Gruber, 1996
1065:Boyer & Reuter, 2012
1021:Austropurcellia scoparia
971:Austropurcellia giribeti
951:Austropurcellia forsteri
935:Boyer & Reuter, 2012
921:Austropurcellia daviesae
915:Boyer & Reuter, 2012
911:Austropurcellia culminis
855:Boyer & Reuter, 2012
701:Aoraki denticulata major
1869:Speleosiro argasiformis
1825:giribet.oeb.harvard.edu
1332:Parapurcellia silvicola
1287:Parapurcellia monticola
1150:Karripurcellia peckorum
1055:Baker & Boyer, 2015
1031:Austropurcellia sharmai
1011:Austropurcellia riedeli
961:Austropurcellia fragosa
885:Baker & Boyer, 2015
871:Austropurcellia barbata
803:Archaeopurcellia eureka
394:(western South Africa)
316:(eastern South Africa)
227:Speleosiro argasiformis
1456:Purcellia argasiformis
1447:(western South Africa)
1347:Parapurcellia staregai
1317:Parapurcellia rumpiana
1238:(eastern South Africa)
1061:Austropurcellia vicina
1051:Austropurcellia tholei
1035:Boyer & Quay, 2015
975:Boyer & Quay, 2015
901:Austropurcellia clousi
881:Austropurcellia cadens
831:Austropurcellia absens
580:The Australian genera
279:, eastern and western
163:10 genera, 75 species
1404:Pettalus cimiciformis
1297:Parapurcellia natalia
1257:Parapurcellia convexa
1247:Parapurcellia amatola
1189:Manangotria taolanaro
851:Austropurcellia alata
841:Austropurcellia acuta
1689:Rakaia stewartiensis
1476:Purcellia illustrans
1277:Parapurcellia minuta
1218:Neopurcellia salmoni
1001:Austropurcellia nuda
433:(Western Australia)
2131:Harvestman families
1490:Purcellia lawrencei
1466:Purcellia griswoldi
1417:Pettalus lampetides
1391:Pettalus brevicauda
1267:Parapurcellia fissa
1114:Chileogovea oedipus
1104:Chileogovea jocasta
653:Aoraki calcarobtusa
27:Family of arachnids
1649:Rakaia minutissima
1529:Rakaia antipodiana
1427:Pettalus thwaitesi
775:Aoraki westlandica
755:Aoraki stephenesis
677:Aoraki denticulata
528:Parsimony analysis
186:with 75 described
53:. Scale bar: 1 mm
2113:
2112:
2098:Open Tree of Life
1924:Taxon identifiers
1798:10.1111/zoj.12419
1704:
1694:
1684:
1674:
1664:
1654:
1644:
1634:
1624:
1614:
1604:
1594:
1584:
1574:
1564:
1554:
1544:
1534:
1519:
1505:
1500:Purcellia leleupi
1495:
1485:
1471:
1461:
1446:
1432:
1422:
1412:
1399:
1381:
1367:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1311:
1302:
1292:
1282:
1272:
1262:
1252:
1237:
1236:Rosas Costa, 1950
1223:
1208:
1194:
1179:
1165:
1155:
1139:Western Australia
1136:
1122:
1109:
1090:
1076:
1066:
1056:
1046:
1036:
1026:
1016:
1006:
996:
986:
976:
966:
956:
955:(Juberthie, 2000)
946:
936:
926:
925:(Juberthie, 1989)
916:
906:
896:
886:
876:
866:
856:
846:
836:
822:
808:
794:
780:
770:
760:
750:
745:Aoraki longitarsa
740:
730:
720:
706:
696:
682:
672:
662:
643:
622:Bayesian analysis
575:million years ago
520:
519:
510:
509:
501:
500:
492:
491:
483:
482:
458:
457:
263:, with genera in
176:
175:
16:(Redirected from
2138:
2106:
2105:
2093:
2092:
2080:
2079:
2067:
2066:
2054:
2053:
2041:
2040:
2028:
2027:
2015:
2014:
2002:
2001:
1989:
1988:
1979:
1978:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1951:
1950:
1949:
1919:
1899:
1883:
1866:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1836:
1827:. Archived from
1817:
1811:
1810:
1800:
1776:
1770:
1764:
1760:
1747:
1744:
1702:
1692:
1682:
1679:Rakaia sorenseni
1672:
1669:Rakaia solitaria
1662:
1652:
1642:
1632:
1622:
1612:
1602:
1592:
1582:
1579:Rakaia florensis
1572:
1562:
1552:
1542:
1539:Rakaia australis
1532:
1517:
1503:
1493:
1479:
1469:
1459:
1444:
1430:
1420:
1407:
1394:
1379:
1366:(Lawrence, 1963)
1365:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1310:
1300:
1290:
1280:
1270:
1260:
1250:
1235:
1221:
1206:
1192:
1177:
1163:
1153:
1134:
1117:
1107:
1088:
1074:
1064:
1054:
1044:
1034:
1024:
1014:
1004:
994:
984:
974:
964:
954:
944:
934:
924:
914:
904:
894:
884:
874:
865:(Cantrell, 1980)
864:
854:
844:
834:
820:
806:
792:
789:Archaeopurcellia
778:
768:
758:
748:
738:
728:
718:
715:Aoraki granulosa
704:
694:
680:
670:
656:
641:
424:
353:
330:
307:
300:
295:
294:
209:that appears in
182:are a family of
172:
44:
32:
21:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2101:
2096:
2088:
2083:
2075:
2070:
2062:
2057:
2049:
2044:
2036:
2031:
2023:
2018:
2010:
2005:
1997:
1992:
1984:
1982:
1974:
1969:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1945:
1944:
1939:
1926:
1897:
1881:
1864:
1861:(with pictures)
1849:
1844:
1843:
1834:
1832:
1819:
1818:
1814:
1778:
1777:
1773:
1762:
1761:
1750:
1745:
1730:
1725:
1713:
1609:Rakaia lindsayi
1569:Rakaia dorothea
1559:Rakaia digitata
1549:Rakaia collaris
1075:(Forster, 1955)
1025:Juberthie, 1988
821:Juberthie, 1988
817:Austropurcellia
779:(Forster, 1952)
769:(Forster, 1948)
765:Aoraki tumidata
759:(Forster, 1952)
749:(Forster, 1952)
739:(Forster, 1948)
729:(Forster, 1948)
719:(Forster, 1952)
705:(Forster, 1952)
695:(Forster, 1948)
681:(Forster, 1948)
671:(Forster, 1948)
630:
582:Austropurcellia
550:Troglosironidae
511:
502:
493:
484:
472:Austropurcellia
459:
293:
257:
223:
207:Greek mythology
205:is a name from
200:
151:
145:
144:
132:
120:
108:
96:
84:
72:
28:
23:
22:
18:Scopulophthalmi
15:
12:
11:
5:
2144:
2142:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2118:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2094:
2081:
2068:
2055:
2042:
2029:
2016:
2003:
1990:
1980:
1967:
1952:
1936:
1934:
1928:
1927:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1907:(4): 337-361.
1895:
1879:
1862:
1856:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1841:
1812:
1791:(3): 523–545.
1771:
1748:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1707:
1706:
1705:
1699:Rakaia uniloca
1695:
1685:
1675:
1665:
1655:
1645:
1635:
1625:
1615:
1605:
1599:Rakaia isolata
1595:
1585:
1575:
1565:
1555:
1545:
1535:
1522:
1521:
1509:
1508:
1507:
1506:
1496:
1486:
1472:
1462:
1460:Lawrence, 1931
1449:
1448:
1436:
1435:
1434:
1433:
1423:
1413:
1409:O. P-Cambridge
1400:
1384:
1383:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1368:
1358:
1343:
1328:
1313:
1312:Lawrence, 1963
1303:
1293:
1291:Lawrence, 1939
1283:
1273:
1271:Lawrence, 1939
1263:
1253:
1240:
1239:
1227:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1211:
1210:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1195:
1182:
1181:
1169:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1156:
1143:
1142:
1131:Karripurcellia
1126:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1110:
1097:
1096:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1067:
1057:
1047:
1037:
1027:
1017:
1007:
997:
987:
977:
967:
957:
947:
937:
927:
917:
907:
897:
895:(Davies, 1977)
887:
877:
867:
857:
847:
837:
824:
823:
812:
811:
810:
809:
796:
795:
784:
783:
782:
781:
771:
761:
751:
741:
731:
721:
710:
709:
708:
707:
697:
684:
683:
673:
663:
646:
645:
629:
626:
586:Karripurcellia
518:
517:
513:
512:
508:
507:
504:
503:
499:
498:
495:
494:
490:
489:
486:
485:
481:
480:
477:
476:
468:
465:
464:
461:
460:
456:
455:
452:
451:
443:
440:
439:
436:
435:
431:Karripurcellia
427:
422:
420:
417:
416:
413:
412:
404:
401:
400:
397:
396:
388:
385:
384:
381:
380:
378:(New Zealand)
372:
369:
368:
365:
364:
362:(New Zealand)
356:
351:
349:
346:
345:
342:
341:
339:(New Zealand)
333:
328:
326:
323:
322:
319:
318:
310:
305:
303:
298:
292:
289:
256:
253:
222:
219:
199:
196:
174:
173:
165:
164:
160:
159:
153:
152:
146:
140:
138:
134:
133:
128:
126:
122:
121:
116:
114:
110:
109:
104:
102:
98:
97:
92:
90:
86:
85:
80:
78:
74:
73:
68:
66:
62:
61:
55:
54:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2143:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2121:
2104:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1981:
1977:
1972:
1968:
1963:
1957:
1953:
1948:
1942:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1920:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1896:
1894:
1893:0-674-02343-9
1890:
1887:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1870:
1865:Juberthie, C.
1863:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1831:on 2016-03-06
1830:
1826:
1822:
1816:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1775:
1772:
1768:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1729:
1722:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1703:Forster, 1952
1701:
1700:
1696:
1693:Forster, 1948
1691:
1690:
1686:
1683:Forster, 1952
1681:
1680:
1676:
1673:Forster, 1948
1671:
1670:
1666:
1663:Forster, 1952
1661:
1660:
1656:
1653:Forster, 1948
1651:
1650:
1646:
1643:Forster, 1948
1641:
1640:
1636:
1633:Forster, 1948
1631:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1613:Forster, 1952
1611:
1610:
1606:
1603:Forster, 1952
1601:
1600:
1596:
1593:Forster, 1952
1591:
1590:
1589:Rakaia insula
1586:
1583:Forster, 1948
1581:
1580:
1576:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1563:Forster, 1952
1561:
1560:
1556:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1543:Forster, 1952
1541:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1520:(New Zealand)
1516:
1515:
1511:
1510:
1504:Starega, 2008
1502:
1501:
1497:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1480:Hansen &
1478:
1477:
1473:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1451:
1450:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1419:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1380:Thorell, 1876
1378:
1377:
1373:
1372:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1243:
1242:
1241:
1234:
1233:
1232:Parapurcellia
1229:
1228:
1222:Forster, 1948
1220:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1212:
1207:Forster, 1948
1205:
1204:
1200:
1199:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1185:
1184:
1183:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1164:Giribet, 2003
1162:
1161:
1157:
1154:Giribet, 2003
1152:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1135:Giribet, 2003
1133:
1132:
1128:
1127:
1120:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1003:
1002:
998:
993:
992:
988:
983:
982:
978:
973:
972:
968:
963:
962:
958:
953:
952:
948:
943:
942:
938:
933:
932:
928:
923:
922:
918:
913:
912:
908:
903:
902:
898:
893:
892:
888:
883:
882:
878:
873:
872:
868:
863:
862:
858:
853:
852:
848:
843:
842:
838:
833:
832:
828:
827:
826:
825:
819:
818:
814:
813:
805:
804:
800:
799:
798:
797:
791:
790:
786:
785:
777:
776:
772:
767:
766:
762:
757:
756:
752:
747:
746:
742:
737:
736:
735:Aoraki inerma
732:
727:
726:
725:Aoraki healyi
722:
717:
716:
712:
711:
703:
702:
698:
693:
692:
688:
687:
686:
685:
679:
678:
674:
669:
668:
667:Aoraki crypta
664:
660:
655:
654:
650:
649:
648:
647:
644:(New Zealand)
640:
639:
635:
634:
633:
627:
625:
623:
619:
618:Parapurcellia
615:
611:
610:Late Jurassic
607:
603:
599:
598:Parapurcellia
595:
593:
592:
587:
583:
578:
576:
572:
568:
567:
561:
559:
558:New Caledonia
555:
551:
547:
546:
541:
537:
536:Stylocellidae
533:
532:Cyphophthalmi
529:
525:
515:
514:
506:
505:
497:
496:
488:
487:
479:
478:
475:
474:(Queensland)
473:
467:
466:
463:
462:
454:
453:
450:
448:
442:
441:
438:
437:
434:
432:
426:
425:
419:
418:
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414:
411:
409:
403:
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398:
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387:
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379:
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371:
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355:
354:
348:
347:
344:
343:
340:
338:
332:
331:
325:
324:
321:
320:
317:
315:
314:Parapurcellia
309:
308:
302:
301:
297:
296:
291:Relationships
290:
288:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
254:
252:
250:
246:
242:
241:Parapurcellia
237:
234:
232:
228:
220:
218:
216:
215:Metamorphoses
212:
208:
204:
197:
195:
193:
189:
185:
181:
171:
166:
161:
158:
154:
149:
143:
139:
136:
135:
131:
127:
125:Superfamily:
124:
123:
119:
118:Cyphophthalmi
115:
112:
111:
107:
103:
100:
99:
95:
91:
88:
87:
83:
79:
76:
75:
71:
67:
64:
63:
60:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
1931:
1904:
1901:
1885:
1875:
1872:
1868:
1833:. Retrieved
1829:the original
1824:
1815:
1788:
1784:
1774:
1766:
1697:
1687:
1677:
1667:
1659:Rakaia pauli
1657:
1647:
1639:Rakaia media
1637:
1629:Rakaia magna
1627:
1619:Rakaia macra
1617:
1607:
1597:
1587:
1577:
1567:
1557:
1553:Roewer, 1942
1547:
1537:
1527:
1512:
1498:
1488:
1474:
1464:
1454:
1439:
1425:
1415:
1402:
1389:
1374:
1360:
1345:
1341:wrence, 1939
1330:
1315:
1305:
1295:
1285:
1275:
1265:
1255:
1245:
1230:
1216:
1203:Neopurcellia
1201:
1187:
1180:(Madagascar)
1172:
1158:
1148:
1137:(Australia:
1129:
1112:
1102:
1089:Roewer, 1961
1083:
1069:
1059:
1049:
1039:
1029:
1019:
1009:
999:
989:
979:
969:
959:
949:
939:
929:
919:
909:
899:
889:
879:
869:
859:
849:
839:
829:
815:
801:
787:
773:
763:
753:
743:
733:
723:
713:
699:
689:
675:
665:
651:
636:
631:
617:
614:Neopurcellia
613:
605:
601:
597:
596:
589:
585:
581:
579:
566:Glossopteris
564:
562:
543:
524:monophyletic
521:
471:
470:
449:(Sri Lanka)
446:
445:
430:
429:
407:
406:
391:
390:
375:
374:
359:
358:
337:Neopurcellia
336:
335:
313:
312:
269:South Africa
258:
255:Distribution
240:
238:
235:
226:
224:
202:
201:
179:
177:
141:
50:
29:
2046:iNaturalist
1956:Wikispecies
1533:Hirst, 1926
1518:Hirst, 1926
1382:(Sri Lanka)
1326:rence, 1933
1174:Manangotria
1108:Shear, 1993
1085:Chileogovea
606:Chileogovea
408:Chileogovea
285:New Zealand
231:leaf litter
221:Description
130:Pettaloidea
35:Pettalidae
2126:Harvestmen
2120:Categories
1976:Pettalidae
1962:Pettalidae
1932:Pettalidae
1902:Cladistics
1878:: 864–871.
1871:Lawrence.
1854:Pettalidae
1847:References
1835:2018-04-09
1769:2007: 99ff
591:Nothofagus
571:Antarctica
545:Suzukielus
273:Madagascar
184:harvestmen
180:Pettalidae
142:Pettalidae
113:Suborder:
82:Arthropoda
1807:0024-4082
1723:Footnotes
1441:Purcellia
602:Purcellia
552:that are
540:Sironidae
392:Purcellia
281:Australia
277:Sri Lanka
249:ozophores
157:Diversity
106:Opiliones
94:Arachnida
65:Kingdom:
1983:BioLib:
1941:Wikidata
1711:See also
1482:Sørensen
1376:Pettalus
447:Pettalus
410:(Chile)
261:Gondwana
203:Pettalus
137:Family:
77:Phylum:
70:Animalia
51:Pettalus
2077:1012453
2025:3187647
1947:Q733898
661:, 1952)
659:Forster
628:Species
577:(mya).
554:endemic
188:species
101:Order:
89:Class:
2090:118632
2064:105395
2051:448485
1986:598033
1891:
1805:
1767:et al.
1514:Rakaia
1484:, 1904
1411:, 1875
1398:, 1897
1396:Pocock
1121:, 1961
1119:Roewer
638:Aoraki
376:Aoraki
360:Rakaia
283:, and
192:genera
190:in 10
150:, 1879
49:Adult
2103:86754
2059:IRMNG
2012:625VZ
1999:24672
1093:Chile
265:Chile
148:Simon
2085:NCBI
2072:ITIS
2038:2827
2033:GBIF
1994:BOLD
1889:ISBN
1803:ISSN
211:Ovid
198:Name
178:The
2020:EoL
2007:CoL
1971:AFD
1909:doi
1793:doi
1789:178
1321:Law
556:to
213:'s
2122::
2100::
2087::
2074::
2061::
2048::
2035::
2022::
2009::
1996::
1973::
1958::
1943::
1905:23
1876:42
1823:.
1801:.
1787:.
1783:.
1751:^
1731:^
1351:de
1336:La
560:.
275:,
271:,
267:,
233:.
217:.
1911::
1838:.
1809:.
1795::
1141:)
1095:)
1091:(
657:(
20:)
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