232:
must be seen as separate entities. Since a transcription of a novel into film is impossible, even holding up a goal of "accuracy" is absurd. Others argue that what a film adaptation does is change to fit (literally, adapt), and the film must be accurate to the effect (aesthetics), the theme, or the message of a novel and that the filmmaker must introduce changes, if necessary, to fit the demands of time and to maximize faithfulness along one of those axes.
833:
36:
3495:
341:, the film-makers decided to abandon Vonnegut's choice of music. They stated that they felt that it worked in his prose only because it was not actually heard. Filmmakers' test screenings found that Vonnegut's style of music confused audiences and detracted from narrative comprehension. The film's composer,
1054:
The adaptation process for comics is different from that of novels. Many successful comic book series last for several decades and have featured several variations of the characters in that time. Films based on such series usually try to capture the back story and “spirit” of the character instead of
235:
In most cases adaptation, the films are required to create identities (for example, a characters' costume or set decor) since they are not specified in the original material. Then, the influence of film-makers may go unrecognized because there is no comparison in the original material even though the
148:
While the most common form of film adaptation is the use of a novel as the basis, other works adapted into films include non-fiction (including journalism), autobiographical works, comic books, scriptures, plays, historical sources and even other films. Adaptation from such diverse resources has been
526:
Another way in which
Shakespearean texts have been incorporated in films is to feature characters who are either actors performing those texts or characters who are somehow influenced or effected by seeing one of Shakespeare's plays, within a larger non-Shakespearean story. Generally, Shakespeare's
231:
Change is essential and practically unavoidable, mandated both by the constraints of time and medium, but how much is always a balance. Some film theorists have argued that a director should be entirely unconcerned with the source, as a novel is a novel and a film is a film, and the two works of art
1403:
When a film's screenplay is original, it can also be the source of derivative works such as novels and plays. For example, movie studios will commission novelizations of their popular titles or sell the rights to their titles to publishing houses. These novelized films will frequently be written on
782:
At the same time, some theatrically released films are adaptations of television miniseries events. When national film boards and state-controlled television networks co-exist, filmmakers can sometimes create very long films for television that they may adapt solely for time for theatrical release.
766:
to film, greater effects and a longer plotline were involved. Additionally, adaptations of television shows will offer the viewer the opportunity to see the television show's characters without broadcast restrictions. These additions (nudity, profanity, explicit drug use, and explicit violence) are
182:
In some cases, film adaptations also interpolate scenes or invent characters. This is especially true when a novel is part of a literary saga. Incidents or quotations from later or earlier novels will be inserted into a single film. Additionally and far more controversially, filmmakers will invent
1207:
Tie-in video games with films or other properties have existed since home consoles and arcade games of the early 1980s. Developers are usually limited by what they can do with the film property, and may be further limited in time as to produce the game in time for the release of the film or other
701:
On one hand, theatrical adaptation does not involve as many interpolations or elisions as novel adaptation, but on the other, the demands of scenery and possibilities of motion frequently entail changes from one medium to the other. Film critics will often mention if an adapted play has a static
283:
An often overlooked aspect of film adaptation is the inclusion of sound and music. In a literary text, a specific sound effect can often be implied or specified by an event, but in the process of adaptation, filmmakers must determine specific the sound characteristics that subliminally affects
174:
The resulting film was 9½ hours long, and was cut to four hours at studio insistence. It was then cut again (without
Stroheim's input) to around two hours. The result was a film that was largely incoherent. Since that time, few directors have attempted to put everything in a novel into a film.
1367:
Many films have been made from mythology and religious texts. Both Greek mythology and the Bible have been adapted frequently. Homer's works have been adapted multiple times in several nations. In these cases, the audience already knows the story well, and so the adaptation will de-emphasize
193:
included a short appearance by a prostitute named Helen. Because the film studio anticipated a female audience for the film and had Meryl Streep for the role, Helen became a significant part of the film. However, characters are also sometimes invented to provide the narrative voice.
183:
new characters or create stories that were not present in the source material at all. Given the anticipated audience for a film, the screenwriter, director or movie studio may wish to increase character time or to invent new characters. For example, William J. Kennedy's
1318:
Films based on toys include the
Transformers franchise and the G.I. Joe films; there is a longer history of animated television series being created simultaneous to toy lines as a marketing tool. Hasbro's plans to for films based on their board games began with 2012's
550:
In
Britain, where stage plays tend to be more popular as a form of entertainment than currently in the United States, many films began as a stage productions. Some British films and British/American collaborations that were based on successful British plays include
345:, stated, "You can try to be as true to Vonnegut's material as possible, but at the end of the day also you’re working with the material that you as a team have generated, not just Vonnegut's, and that’s what you've got to make work."
527:
basic themes or certain elements of the plot will parallel the main plot of the film or become part of a character's development in some way. Hamlet and Romeo and Juliet are the two plays which have most often been used in this way.
227:
interpolated a sanity trial to reflect the ongoing scholarly debate over whether or not
Gulliver himself is sane at the conclusion of Book IV. In those cases, adaptation is a form of criticism and recreation as well as translation.
149:
a ubiquitous practice of filmmaking since the earliest days of cinema in nineteenth-century Europe. In contrast to when making a remake, movie directors usually take more creative liberties when creating a film adaptation.
706:(1944), having the camera begin to move and to use color stock after the prologue, indicating the passage from physical to imaginative space. Sometimes, the adaptive process can continue after one translation. Mel Brooks'
1407:
Novelization can build up characters and incidents for commercial reasons (e.g. to market a card or computer game, to promote the publisher's "saga" of novels, or to create continuity between films in a series)
730:. In the former, the film will offer a longer storyline than the usual television program's format and/or expanded production values. During the 1970s, many UK television series were turned into films including
136:
is the transfer of a work or story, in whole or in part, to a feature film. Although often considered a type of derivative work, film adaptation has been conceptualized recently by academic scholars such as
863:
Radio narratives have also provided the basis of film adaptation. In the heyday of radio, radio segments were often translated to film, usually as shorts. Radio series turned into film series include
1783:
1544:
1379:
In the case of a film which was adapted from an unpublished work, however, different awards have different rules around which category the screenplay qualifies for. In 1983, the
Canadian
1814:
1404:
assignment and sometimes written by authors who have only an early script as their source. Consequently, novelizations are quite often changed from the films as they appear in theatres.
208:
with explicit sex between Hester Prynn and the minister and Native
American obscene puns into a major character and the film's villain. The Charlie Kaufman and "Donald Kaufman" penned
1009:(2002) have led to dozens of superhero films. The success of these films has also led to other comic books not necessarily about superheroes being adapted for the big screen, such as
963:(1965). In addition, comics of various genres other than those involving superheroes such as romance, fantasy and drama have widely been used as a source for film adaptations such as
1325:
895:
626:
Similarly, hit
Broadway plays are often adapted into films, whether from musicals or dramas. Some examples of American film adaptations based on successful Broadway plays are
2009:
945:(1989) are two later successful movie adaptations of famous comic book characters. In the Philippines, superhero comics have been adapted numerous times into films such as
718:
Feature films are occasionally created from television series or television segments, or vice versa, a television series will derive from a film, such as in the case of
1395:, which was adapted from an unpublished theatrical play, was classified and nominated as an adapted screenplay by some awards but as an original screenplay by others.
904:
1529:
1074:
but utilized actual panels from writer/artist Frank Miller's series as storyboards to create what
Rodriguez regards as a "translation" rather than an adaptation.
908:
220:, was an intentional satire and commentary on the process of film adaptation itself. All of those are cases of Nathaniel Hawthorne's point. The creators of the
2846:
1539:
1441:
write their film ideas as novels before they begin producing them as films, although neither director has allowed these prose treatments to be published.
1514:
1323:. While amusement park rides have often been based on action movies, conversely the 1967 Pirates of the Caribbean ride at Disneyland was adapted into
2814:
2277:
1470:
films. In a rare case of a film being adapted from a stage musical adaptation of a film, in 2005, the film adaptation of the stage musical based on
354:
2002:
1519:
1509:
1595:
2291:
1822:
1534:
1176:
1058:
Self-contained graphic novels, and miniseries many of which do not feature superheroes, can be adapted more directly, such as in the case of
775:
3385:
2999:
2775:
1411:
There have been instances of novelists who have worked from their own screenplays to create novels at nearly the same time as a film. Both
646:
3519:
2283:
1690:
389:
241:
1995:
1524:
224:
2299:
1645:
119:
1077:
Furthermore, some films based on long-running franchises use particular story lines from the franchise as a basis for a plot. The
1754:
658:
53:
670:
325:
100:
1152:
983:
571:
57:
72:
1376:
Many major film award programs present an award for adapted screenplays, separate from the award for original screenplays.
2621:
2334:
2077:
1255:
1246:
but only after the release of several films based on well-known brands has this genre become recognized in its own right.
1224:
920:
589:
333:
1055:
adapting a particular storyline. Occasionally, aspects of the characters and their origins are simplified or modernized.
3162:
2255:
1260:
While documentary films have often been made from journalism and reportage, so too have some dramatic films, including:
871:
710:
began as a film in 1967, was adapted into a
Broadway musical in 2001, and then adapted again in 2005 as a musical film.
1433:
was written more to aid in the development of the screenplay than for the purposes of being released as a novel). Both
463:
Film adaptations of Shakespeare's works in languages other than English are numerous, including Akira Kurosawa's films
284:
narrative interpretation. In some cases of adaptation, music may have been specified in the original material (usually
79:
3414:
1837:
1725:
1083:
994:
877:
628:
432:
307:
800:
Even segments of television series have been adapted into feature films. The American television sketch comedy show
3539:
3402:
2839:
1230:
1121:
675:
634:
601:
420:
258:
3315:
3140:
2894:
2422:
1476:
1129:
808:
732:
559:
86:
1902:
202:
There have been several notable cases of massive inventive adaptation, including the Roland Joffe adaptation of
3534:
3123:
2992:
2899:
2611:
2188:
2055:
1023:
595:
358:
249:
3475:
3260:
2853:
2632:
1242:
720:
688:
607:
68:
46:
1332:
Remakes and film sequels are technically adaptations of the original film. Less direct derivations include
3529:
3407:
2924:
2904:
1005:
977:
933:, have long been adapted into film, beginning in the 1940s with Saturday movie serials aimed at children.
883:
744:
682:
294:
3265:
3250:
3207:
2951:
2919:
2516:
1450:
1391:
1092:
1088:
1066:
652:
577:
3445:
3419:
3362:
3202:
2626:
2417:
1907:
1216:
Films closely related to the computer and video game industries were also done in this time, such as
1141:
1047:
935:
553:
257:
represent an unusual case since many visual and stylistic details were specified by Tolkien. For the
3524:
3167:
3071:
2985:
2961:
2914:
2909:
2889:
2650:
2511:
2339:
2250:
2045:
2018:
1730:
1494:
1348:
965:
802:
789:
738:
664:
619:
613:
426:
411:
367:
3480:
3177:
3088:
2825:
2638:
2427:
2213:
1934:
1842:
1284:'s film adaptation of his own Keynote multimedia presentation. The 2011 independent comedy film,
1236:
1041:
1011:
941:
726:
640:
583:
505:
473:
204:
1865:
1636:. Signet Classic Shakespeare (Second Revised ed.). New York: New American Library. p.
543:
440:, with its first incarnation as a Broadway musical play that opened in 1957. The animated film
3372:
3255:
3172:
3066:
2869:
2498:
2324:
2167:
2122:
2097:
2040:
1792:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1627:
1499:
1193:, usually incorporating elements of the game's plot or gameplay, beginning in the mid-1980s.
1163:
1157:
1060:
947:
889:
702:
camera or emulates a proscenium arch. Laurence Olivier consciously imitated the arch with his
401:
277:
210:
169:
280:
from adding a graveyard scene because the graveyard would appear elsewhere in a later novel.
93:
3450:
3380:
3283:
3278:
3229:
3157:
3118:
2587:
2572:
2537:
2245:
2218:
2193:
2152:
2142:
2092:
1668:
which do not include films of the play itself, on pp.45-66. They list 39 such instances for
1412:
1109:
1017:
756:
533:
388:, have been adapted into films. The first sound adaptation of any Shakespeare play was the
378:
216:
189:
142:
3424:
3302:
3130:
2929:
2744:
2739:
2719:
2567:
2450:
2319:
2208:
1759:
1695:
1133:
1115:
1029:
953:
750:
490:
289:
2552:
881:. Dialog-heavy stories and fantastic stories from radio were also adapted to film (e.g.
797:
have created long television films that they then recut for international distribution.
3350:
3340:
3288:
3212:
3110:
3078:
3024:
2788:
2381:
2349:
2260:
2117:
2087:
2082:
1438:
1429:, have worked from their own film ideas to a novel form (although the novel version of
1385:
794:
784:
528:
184:
832:
3513:
3465:
3357:
3100:
3051:
3029:
2966:
2864:
2729:
2724:
2694:
2679:
2562:
2407:
2359:
2162:
2147:
2067:
1618:
1613:
1591:
1504:
1425:
1420:
1389:
when they learned that the original work had been unpublished; and in 2017, the film
1137:
1103:
865:
694:
495:
452:
442:
406:
397:
338:
299:
237:
3397:
3345:
3310:
3270:
3222:
3083:
3041:
2956:
2557:
2386:
2329:
2203:
2198:
2107:
2062:
1467:
1460:
have been adapted, and other films have spurred subsequent theatrical adaptations.
1380:
1097:
999:
817:
269:
158:
767:
only rarely a featured adaptive addition (film versions of "procedurals" such as
17:
3499:
3470:
3460:
3392:
3217:
3145:
3056:
2946:
2734:
2684:
2667:
2532:
2488:
2344:
2157:
1445:
1434:
1360:
813:
762:
565:
342:
254:
138:
35:
1268:(2004, from an account published shortly after the 1980 "miracle on ice"); and
3440:
3335:
3325:
3320:
3189:
3135:
3095:
3046:
3034:
3016:
3008:
2765:
2689:
2478:
2412:
2050:
1471:
1354:
1190:
1035:
926:
779:
is a notable example of a film being more explicit than its parent TV series.
769:
303:
268:
was closely consulted by the filmmakers, and she provided production designer
265:
3197:
3150:
2714:
2662:
2542:
2483:
2371:
2172:
2127:
2112:
2102:
1987:
1342:
1145:
1078:
959:
930:
547:
as a major plot device within a story that is not based on the play at all.
1383:
rescinded the Best Adapted Screenplay award they had presented to the film
176:
3330:
2934:
2820:
2644:
2616:
2547:
2473:
2458:
2366:
1975:
The Adaptation Industry: The Cultural Economy of Contemporary Adaptation.
1686:
1462:
1456:
989:
971:
285:
273:
163:
1664:(British Film Institute Publishing, 1994). The authors list 45 uses of
1662:
Walking Shadows: Shakespeare in the National Film and Television Archive
3234:
2859:
2833:
2577:
2402:
2376:
2240:
1596:"2BR02B: the journey of a dystopian film–an interview with Leon Coward"
1281:
515:
384:
1940:
2582:
2468:
2463:
2354:
2137:
2072:
1489:
1368:
elements of suspense and concentrate instead on detail and phrasing.
1202:
1070:(2006). In particular, Robert Rodriguez did not use a screenplay for
372:
1931:
Literature/Film Quarterly, journal published by Salisbury University
2674:
2655:
2132:
418:
was again retold in 1999 as a teen comedy set in a high school in
1866:"The Adapted Screenplay: True Adaptations or Academy Categories?"
3455:
2941:
2808:
1218:
1186:
324:
was not and required original music to be composed for the 2008
2981:
1991:
773:
are most inclined to such additions as featured adaptations) –
900:
827:
410:, which opened on Broadway in 1948, and as the 1953 Hollywood
157:
In 1924, Erich von Stroheim attempted a literal adaptation of
29:
2977:
1946:
Movie Adaptation Database, UC Berkeley Media Resources Center
1924:
Eisenstein, Sergei. "Dickens, Griffith, and the Film Today."
1815:"Hollywood and video game industry profit from movie tie-ins"
541:) is one example. Rohmer uses one scene from Shakespeare's
236:
new visual identities will affect narrative interpretation.
1903:"Oscars: Moonlight ineligible for Best Original Screenplay"
1101:
was based on the storyline "Spider-Man No More!" Likewise,
1545:
Writers Guild of America Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
1444:
Finally, films have inspired and been adapted into plays.
806:
has been the origin of a number of films, beginning with
450:
as well as various traditional African myths, and 2001's
1136:
with films combining characters from different works by
1755:"'Our movies have not changed...' – Lupita Kashiwahara"
1448:'s films have been successfully mounted as plays; both
844:
363:
Stage plays are frequent sources for film adaptations.
1326:
Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl
1294:
Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief
404:. It was later adapted as both a musical play called
1699:(in Filipino). Manila Standard News, Inc. p. 16
3433:
3371:
3301:
3243:
3188:
3109:
3015:
2878:
2801:
2753:
2703:
2600:
2525:
2497:
2449:
2440:
2395:
2312:
2269:
2227:
2181:
2033:
2026:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1788:Becomes The Most Profitable Comic Book Movie Ever"
1617:
1286:Benjamin Sniddlegrass and the Cauldron of Penguins
1956:The Art of Adaptation from hollywoodlitsales.com
1836:Donahue, Ann; Swanson, Tim (December 19, 2000).
424:, and also in 2003 as an urban romantic comedy,
1155:and most profitable comic book adaptations are
27:Films based on other media (books, plays, etc.)
1943:, journal published by Oxford University Press
1530:Golden Horse Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
2993:
2313:Cinema / television / video
2003:
1935:Journal of Adaptation in Film and Performance
8:
2847:Palimpsests: Literature in the Second Degree
1540:Satellite Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
3240:
3000:
2986:
2978:
2446:
2233:
2030:
2010:
1996:
1988:
990:Mars Ravelo's Bondying: The Little Big Boy
812:, which began as a one-off performance by
493:'s "Shakespearean trilogy" consisting of
1709:Eksplusibong dramang hango sa komiks ang
1580:(91). The Schubert Institute (UK): 16–19.
1515:Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
1144:starting in 2013 uses the same model for
214:, credited as an adaptation of the novel
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1763:. Standard Publications, Inc. p. 11
1660:McKernan, Luke and Terris, Olwen (eds.)
760:was a big success. In the adaptation of
355:List of plays adapted into feature films
1959:Hutcheon, Linda, with Siobhan O’Flynn.
1556:
1520:BAFTA Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
1510:AACTA Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
1081:was loosely based on the graphic novel
1968:Oxford Handbook of Adaptation Studies.
1535:Goya Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
1107:owes many of its elements to Miller's
776:South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut
276:' grounds and also prevented director
1889:"Melanie adaptation Genie returned".
1782:Mendelson, Scott (November 9, 2019).
1753:Paculan, Virgie (February 26, 1988).
1315:(each from a song of the same name).
1177:Adaptations of video games into media
7:
1949:The history of Erich von Stroheim's
1264:(1976, adapted from the 1974 book);
896:The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy
58:adding citations to reliable sources
320:was a pre-existing piece of music,
793:but with other films as well) and
25:
1864:Maio, Alyssa (18 November 2019).
1838:"H'wood hits paydirt in playtime"
1299:Films adapted from songs include
3493:
1963:2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2013.
1953:, from welcometosilentmovies.com
899:began as a radio series for the
831:
34:
1566:"...for a father hear a child!"
1525:CĂ©sar Award for Best Adaptation
467:(1957, an epic film version of
45:needs additional citations for
1672:on pp.141-156, and 23 uses of
1290:Kermode and Mayo's Film Review
1250:Adaptations from other sources
312:and Edward composes the piece
1:
2776:Pierre Menard, Author of the
2622:Archetypal literary criticism
2182:Literature / theatre
1982:Adaptation and Appropriation.
1726:"How Carlo J. created Panday"
1256:Category:Films based on works
921:List of films based on comics
590:The Rocky Horror Picture Show
334:2BR02B: To Be or Naught to Be
2588:Source criticism in the arts
2256:Readymades of Marcel Duchamp
1466:is a Broadway play based on
993:(1989). In the early 2000s,
198:Interpretation as adaptation
2789:Reality Hunger: A Manifesto
1928:Dennis Dobson, trans. 1951.
1893:, No. 96 (May 1983). p. 12.
1724:Lo, Ricky (April 4, 2005).
1084:X-Men: God Loves, Man Kills
3556:
3520:Film and video terminology
2895:Appropriation in sociology
1977:New York: Routledge, 2012.
1253:
1200:
1174:
1122:Batman: The Long Halloween
918:
602:The Madness of King George
421:10 Things I Hate about You
352:
337:adapted from the story by
3489:
2900:Articulation in sociology
2423:Revivalism (architecture)
2236:
1130:Marvel Cinematic Universe
929:characters, particularly
306:both listen to Debussy's
153:Elision and interpolation
2612:Aesthetic interpretation
1984:London: Routledge, 2006.
1937:, published by Intellect
1600:Feathers of the Firebird
1276:article by Darcy Frey).
1203:Tie-in § Video game
671:Children of a Lesser God
647:A Streetcar Named Desire
430:. The 1961 musical film
412:musical of the same name
359:Stage-to-film adaptation
331:In the 2016 sci-fi film
2854:The Pictures Generation
2633:The Death of the Author
1961:A Theory of Adaptation.
1633:The Taming of the Shrew
1262:All the President's Men
1113:and the film's sequel,
984:Bituing Walang Ningning
446:(1994) was inspired by
416:The Taming of the Shrew
394:The Taming of the Shrew
2925:Copyright infringement
2905:Cultural appropriation
1734:. Philstar Global Corp
1572:and the film 2BR02B".
1474:' classic comedy film
1167:(2019), respectively.
1132:starting in 2008 is a
884:Fibber McGee and Molly
683:Real Women Have Curves
499:(2014, a retelling of
298:novel, the characters
179:is all but essential.
3208:Principal photography
2952:Participatory culture
2920:Intellectual property
1966:Leitch, Thomas (ed.)
1693:[Sex story].
1689:(December 31, 1988).
1564:Black, Anna (2016). "
1417:2001: A Space Odyssey
1334:The Magnificent Seven
1278:An Inconvenient Truth
1183:video game adaptation
1171:Video game adaptation
1119:, uses subplots from
1093:The Dark Phoenix Saga
915:Comic book adaptation
714:Television adaptation
578:Oh! What a Lovely War
349:Theatrical adaptation
243:The Lord of the Rings
3446:Guerrilla filmmaking
3420:Digital distribution
3363:Digital intermediate
3203:Cinematic techniques
2627:Artistic inspiration
2451:Intertextual figures
2418:Parody advertisement
1911:, December 15, 2016.
1908:Entertainment Weekly
1623:on Stage and Screen"
1594:(October 19, 2016).
1301:Coward of the County
1142:DC Extended Universe
907:that was adapted to
659:The Boys in the Band
629:Arsenic and Old Lace
370:'s plays, including
54:improve this article
3168:Production schedule
2962:Recontextualisation
2915:Information society
2910:History of printing
2890:Academic dishonesty
2651:Genius (literature)
2340:Literal music video
2251:Photographic mosaic
2046:Chopped and screwed
1495:Literary adaptation
1399:Adaptation of films
1349:The Hidden Fortress
1272:(1999, from a 1996
1189:that is based on a
803:Saturday Night Live
790:Fanny and Alexander
677:Glengarry Glen Ross
620:The Lady in the Van
477:(1960, inspired by
427:Deliver Us from Eva
368:William Shakespeare
3481:First-dollar gross
2639:Divine inspiration
2428:Video game modding
2270:By source material
1970:Oxford: OUP, 2017.
1628:Heilman, Robert B.
1225:Cloak & Dagger
1091:on the storyline "
903:and then became a
843:. You can help by
809:The Blues Brothers
572:Look Back in Anger
474:The Bad Sleep Well
240:'s adaptations of
222:Gulliver's Travels
205:The Scarlet Letter
3540:Adaptation (arts)
3507:
3506:
3297:
3296:
3173:Shooting schedule
2975:
2974:
2882:artistic concepts
2870:Russian formalism
2596:
2595:
2436:
2435:
2325:Anime music video
2308:
2307:
2300:Statue of Liberty
2098:Musical quotation
2041:Bootleg recording
1500:Adaptation (arts)
1338:The Seven Samurai
1197:Tie-in with films
1158:Avengers: Endgame
1079:second X-Men film
1061:Road to Perdition
1024:American Splendor
890:The Life of Riley
861:
860:
596:Shirley Valentine
436:was adapted from
402:Douglas Fairbanks
316:for Bella. While
130:
129:
122:
104:
69:"Film adaptation"
18:Screen adaptation
16:(Redirected from
3547:
3498:
3497:
3496:
3451:Development hell
3381:Film distributor
3284:Costume designer
3261:Daily production
3241:
3235:Dailies (rushes)
3230:Daily call sheet
3158:Production board
3119:Script breakdown
3002:
2995:
2988:
2979:
2794:
2784:
2771:
2602:Related artistic
2568:Imitation in art
2538:Assemblage (art)
2447:
2246:Combine painting
2234:
2219:Verbatim theatre
2194:Cut-up technique
2093:Music plagiarism
2031:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1989:
1980:Sanders, Julie.
1973:Murray, Simone.
1912:
1900:
1894:
1887:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1821:. Archived from
1811:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1706:
1704:
1691:"Kuwentong seks"
1683:
1677:
1676:, on pp.119-131.
1670:Romeo and Juliet
1658:
1652:
1651:
1625:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1561:
1413:Arthur C. Clarke
1305:Ode to Billy Joe
1243:Ready Player One
1153:highest-grossing
1110:Batman: Year One
856:
853:
835:
828:
824:Radio adaptation
757:The Muppet Movie
608:The History Boys
539:A Tale of Winter
519:(2003, based on
509:(2006, based on
485:(1985, based on
438:Romeo and Juliet
379:Romeo and Juliet
326:movie adaptation
217:The Orchid Thief
143:dialogic process
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
3555:
3554:
3550:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3535:Films by source
3510:
3509:
3508:
3503:
3500:Film portal
3494:
3492:
3485:
3429:
3425:Streaming media
3367:
3341:Special effects
3303:Post-production
3293:
3239:
3184:
3163:Day out of days
3131:Shooting script
3105:
3062:film adaptation
3011:
3006:
2976:
2971:
2957:Pirate politics
2930:Derivative work
2883:
2881:
2874:
2797:
2792:
2782:
2769:
2758:
2756:
2749:
2745:Story structure
2740:Stock character
2720:Formula fiction
2708:
2706:
2705:Standard blocks
2699:
2605:
2603:
2592:
2521:
2493:
2442:
2432:
2391:
2320:Abridged series
2304:
2292:Michelangelo's
2284:Michelangelo's
2265:
2230:
2223:
2209:Jukebox musical
2177:
2022:
2016:
1921:
1919:Further reading
1916:
1915:
1901:
1897:
1888:
1884:
1874:
1872:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1848:
1846:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1798:
1796:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1766:
1764:
1760:Manila Standard
1752:
1751:
1747:
1737:
1735:
1723:
1722:
1718:
1702:
1700:
1696:Manila Standard
1685:
1684:
1680:
1659:
1655:
1648:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1574:The Schubertian
1563:
1562:
1558:
1553:
1486:
1401:
1374:
1258:
1252:
1214:
1205:
1199:
1185:is primarily a
1179:
1173:
1134:shared universe
1116:The Dark Knight
954:Captain Barbell
923:
917:
857:
851:
848:
841:needs expansion
826:
745:Steptoe and Son
716:
544:A Winter's Tale
491:Vishal Bhardwaj
465:Throne of Blood
433:West Side Story
390:1929 production
361:
351:
322:Bella's Lullaby
314:Bella's Lullaby
290:Stephenie Meyer
200:
187:-winning novel
155:
134:film adaptation
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3553:
3551:
3543:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3512:
3511:
3505:
3504:
3490:
3487:
3486:
3484:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3437:
3435:
3431:
3430:
3428:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3411:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3390:
3389:
3388:
3377:
3375:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3348:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3307:
3305:
3299:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3291:
3289:Make-up artist
3286:
3281:
3276:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3251:Film inventory
3247:
3245:
3238:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3213:Cinematography
3205:
3200:
3194:
3192:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3180:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3115:
3113:
3111:Pre-production
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3081:
3079:Film budgeting
3076:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3044:
3039:
3038:
3037:
3027:
3025:Film treatment
3021:
3019:
3013:
3012:
3007:
3005:
3004:
2997:
2990:
2982:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2938:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2886:
2884:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2850:
2843:
2836:
2831:
2823:
2818:
2815:De Copia Rerum
2811:
2805:
2803:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2795:
2785:
2772:
2761:
2759:
2754:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2711:
2709:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2671:
2670:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2636:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2608:
2606:
2601:
2598:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2529:
2527:
2526:Other concepts
2523:
2522:
2520:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2503:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2455:
2453:
2444:
2438:
2437:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2399:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2363:
2362:
2352:
2350:Re-cut trailer
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2316:
2314:
2310:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2302:
2297:
2289:
2281:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2185:
2183:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2118:Plunderphonics
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2059:
2058:
2048:
2043:
2037:
2035:
2028:
2024:
2023:
2017:
2015:
2014:
2007:
2000:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1957:
1954:
1947:
1944:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1895:
1882:
1856:
1828:
1825:on 2012-11-06.
1806:
1774:
1745:
1716:
1678:
1653:
1646:
1614:Barnet, Sylvan
1605:
1592:Masson, Sophie
1583:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1485:
1482:
1480:was released.
1439:Ingmar Bergman
1400:
1397:
1373:
1370:
1274:New York Times
1251:
1248:
1231:Wreck-It Ralph
1213:
1210:
1201:Main article:
1198:
1195:
1175:Main article:
1172:
1169:
1067:V for Vendetta
916:
913:
859:
858:
838:
836:
825:
822:
795:Lars von Trier
787:(notably with
785:Ingmar Bergman
715:
712:
653:The Odd Couple
635:Born Yesterday
350:
347:
278:Alfonso CuarĂłn
272:with a map of
199:
196:
185:Pulitzer Prize
167:with his film
154:
151:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3552:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3530:Screenwriting
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3517:
3515:
3502:
3501:
3488:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3466:Film industry
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3432:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3395:
3394:
3391:
3387:
3384:
3383:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3376:
3374:
3370:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3358:Negative cost
3356:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3300:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3244:Daily reports
3242:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3195:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3102:
3101:Working title
3099:
3097:
3094:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3036:
3033:
3032:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3003:
2998:
2996:
2991:
2989:
2984:
2983:
2980:
2968:
2967:Remix culture
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2877:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2865:Postmodernism
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2829:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2816:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2800:
2791:
2790:
2786:
2780:
2779:
2773:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2755:Epoch-marking
2752:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2730:Jazz standard
2728:
2726:
2725:Genre fiction
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2702:
2696:
2695:Western canon
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2680:Genre studies
2678:
2676:
2673:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2664:
2661:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2641:
2640:
2637:
2634:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2599:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2496:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2448:
2445:
2439:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2408:Internet meme
2406:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2394:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2361:
2360:Shot-for-shot
2358:
2357:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2335:Found footage
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2311:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2295:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2282:
2280:
2279:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2226:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2180:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2148:Sound collage
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2078:Interpolation
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2068:Cover version
2066:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2032:
2029:
2025:
2020:
2019:Appropriation
2013:
2008:
2006:
2001:
1999:
1994:
1993:
1990:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1965:
1962:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1910:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1891:Cinema Canada
1886:
1883:
1871:
1867:
1860:
1857:
1845:
1844:
1839:
1832:
1829:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1787:
1784:"Box Office:
1778:
1775:
1762:
1761:
1756:
1749:
1746:
1733:
1732:
1727:
1720:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1698:
1697:
1692:
1688:
1682:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1657:
1654:
1649:
1647:9780451526793
1643:
1639:
1635:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1622:
1615:
1609:
1606:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1587:
1584:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1560:
1557:
1550:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1505:Licensed game
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1477:The Producers
1473:
1469:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1458:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1431:The Third Man
1428:
1427:
1426:The Third Man
1422:
1421:Graham Greene
1418:
1414:
1409:
1405:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1388:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1371:
1369:
1365:
1363:
1362:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1344:
1339:
1335:
1330:
1328:
1327:
1322:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1288:was based on
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1257:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1244:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1232:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1220:
1211:
1209:
1204:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1178:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1165:
1160:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1138:Marvel Comics
1135:
1131:
1126:
1124:
1123:
1118:
1117:
1112:
1111:
1106:
1105:
1104:Batman Begins
1100:
1099:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1062:
1056:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1043:
1038:
1037:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1019:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1007:
1002:
1001:
996:
992:
991:
986:
985:
980:
979:
974:
973:
968:
967:
962:
961:
956:
955:
950:
949:
944:
943:
938:
937:
932:
928:
922:
914:
912:
910:
906:
902:
898:
897:
892:
891:
886:
885:
880:
879:
874:
873:
868:
867:
866:Dr. Christian
855:
846:
842:
839:This section
837:
834:
830:
829:
823:
821:
819:
815:
811:
810:
805:
804:
798:
796:
792:
791:
786:
780:
778:
777:
772:
771:
765:
764:
759:
758:
753:
752:
747:
746:
741:
740:
735:
734:
729:
728:
723:
722:
713:
711:
709:
708:The Producers
705:
699:
697:
696:
691:
690:
685:
684:
679:
678:
673:
672:
667:
666:
661:
660:
655:
654:
649:
648:
643:
642:
637:
636:
631:
630:
624:
622:
621:
616:
615:
610:
609:
604:
603:
598:
597:
592:
591:
586:
585:
580:
579:
574:
573:
568:
567:
562:
561:
560:Blithe Spirit
556:
555:
548:
546:
545:
540:
536:
535:
534:Conte d'hiver
531:'s 1992 film
530:
524:
522:
518:
517:
512:
508:
507:
502:
498:
497:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
475:
470:
466:
461:
459:
456:was based on
455:
454:
449:
445:
444:
443:The Lion King
439:
435:
434:
429:
428:
423:
422:
417:
413:
409:
408:
407:Kiss Me, Kate
403:
399:
398:Mary Pickford
395:
391:
387:
386:
381:
380:
375:
374:
369:
364:
360:
356:
348:
346:
344:
340:
339:Kurt Vonnegut
336:
335:
329:
327:
323:
319:
318:Clair de lune
315:
311:
310:
309:Clair de lune
305:
301:
300:Edward Cullen
297:
296:
291:
287:
281:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
261:
256:
252:
251:
246:
244:
239:
238:Peter Jackson
233:
229:
226:
223:
219:
218:
213:
212:
207:
206:
197:
195:
192:
191:
186:
180:
178:
173:
171:
166:
165:
160:
152:
150:
146:
144:
140:
135:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
3491:
3393:Film release
3373:Distribution
3316:Re-recording
3311:Film editing
3223:Videographer
3084:Film finance
3061:
3042:Step outline
2880:Related non-
2852:
2845:
2838:
2827:
2813:
2802:Theorization
2787:
2777:
2764:
2643:
2558:Found object
2553:DĂ©tournement
2506:
2387:YouTube poop
2382:Video mashup
2330:Collage film
2293:
2285:
2276:
2204:Found poetry
2199:Flarf poetry
2108:Parody music
2088:Music mashup
2063:Contrafactum
1981:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1950:
1925:
1906:
1898:
1890:
1885:
1873:. Retrieved
1870:StudioBinder
1869:
1859:
1847:. Retrieved
1841:
1831:
1823:the original
1818:
1809:
1797:. Retrieved
1791:
1785:
1777:
1765:. Retrieved
1758:
1748:
1736:. Retrieved
1731:Philstar.com
1729:
1719:
1710:
1708:
1701:. Retrieved
1694:
1681:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1656:
1632:
1620:
1608:
1602:(Interview).
1599:
1586:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1559:
1475:
1468:Monty Python
1461:
1455:
1449:
1443:
1430:
1424:
1416:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1390:
1384:
1381:Genie Awards
1378:
1375:
1366:
1359:
1353:
1347:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1331:
1324:
1320:
1317:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1298:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1241:
1235:
1229:
1223:
1217:
1215:
1206:
1182:
1180:
1162:
1156:
1150:
1127:
1120:
1114:
1108:
1102:
1098:Spider-Man 2
1096:
1082:
1076:
1071:
1065:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1046:
1045:(2008), and
1040:
1034:
1028:
1022:
1016:
1010:
1004:
998:
995:blockbusters
988:
982:
976:
970:
964:
958:
957:(1964), and
952:
946:
940:
934:
924:
894:
888:
882:
878:The Whistler
876:
872:Crime Doctor
870:
864:
862:
849:
845:adding to it
840:
818:John Belushi
807:
801:
799:
788:
781:
774:
768:
761:
755:
749:
743:
739:On the Buses
737:
731:
725:
719:
717:
707:
703:
700:
693:
692:(2010), and
687:
681:
676:
669:
665:Agnes of God
663:
657:
651:
645:
639:
633:
627:
625:
618:
617:(2012), and
612:
606:
600:
594:
588:
582:
576:
570:
564:
558:
552:
549:
542:
538:
532:
525:
520:
514:
510:
504:
500:
494:
486:
482:
478:
472:
468:
464:
462:
457:
451:
447:
441:
437:
431:
425:
419:
415:
405:
393:
383:
377:
371:
365:
362:
332:
330:
321:
317:
313:
308:
293:
282:
270:Stuart Craig
260:Harry Potter
259:
248:
242:
234:
230:
221:
215:
209:
203:
201:
188:
181:
168:
162:
159:Frank Norris
156:
147:
133:
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
3471:Film rights
3461:Filmography
3218:Videography
3146:Scenography
3057:spec script
3017:Development
2947:Open source
2735:Plot device
2685:Originality
2668:Fan fiction
2533:After (art)
2489:Translation
2345:Parody film
2229:Visual arts
2158:Tribute act
2021:in the arts
1849:February 1,
1799:November 9,
1767:January 15,
1568:Schubert's
1446:John Waters
1435:John Sayles
1313:Pretty Baby
1270:Pushing Tin
1161:(2019) and
1012:Ghost World
1003:(2000) and
987:(1985) and
939:(1978) and
931:superheroes
814:Dan Aykroyd
763:The X-Files
754:. In 1979,
721:Bates Motel
689:Rabbit Hole
529:Éric Rohmer
396:, starring
343:Leon Coward
288:music). In
262:film series
255:JRR Tolkien
175:Therefore,
139:Robert Stam
3525:Literature
3514:Categories
3476:Turnaround
3441:Box office
3326:Soundtrack
3321:Sync sound
3279:Editor log
3256:Production
3190:Production
3136:Storyboard
3096:Greenlight
3047:Screenplay
3035:scriptment
3009:Filmmaking
2840:Nachahmung
2826:Dionysian
2766:L.H.O.O.Q.
2690:Simulacrum
2499:Adaptation
2479:Plagiarism
2413:Joke theft
2396:Other arts
2189:Assemblage
2051:Contrafact
1941:Adaptation
1819:Canada.com
1711:Magkano...
1703:August 24,
1551:References
1472:Mel Brooks
1355:12 Monkeys
1321:Battleship
1254:See also:
1191:video game
1089:third film
1064:(2002) or
1006:Spider-Man
978:Ang Panday
960:Lastik Man
927:comic book
919:See also:
770:Miami Vice
733:Dad's Army
353:See also:
304:Bella Swan
266:JK Rowling
253:by author
250:The Hobbit
225:miniseries
211:Adaptation
80:newspapers
3198:Film crew
3178:one-liner
3151:Rehearsal
2715:Archetype
2707:and forms
2663:Fan labor
2543:Bricolage
2484:Quotation
2372:TV format
2278:Mona Lisa
2173:Vaporwave
2168:Variation
2128:Quodlibet
2123:Potpourri
2113:Pasticcio
2103:Nightcore
1926:Film Form
1687:Diaz, Lav
1621:The Shrew
1616:(1998) .
1570:Ave Maria
1451:Hairspray
1392:Moonlight
1343:Star Wars
1329:in 2003.
1146:DC Comics
1018:From Hell
925:American
852:June 2008
487:King Lear
264:, author
161:'s novel
110:July 2020
3415:Roadshow
3331:Timecode
3266:Progress
3030:Producer
2935:Fair use
2828:imitatio
2821:Diegesis
2645:Afflatus
2617:Anti-art
2604:concepts
2548:Citation
2512:Literary
2474:Pastiche
2459:Allusion
2443:concepts
2441:General
2367:Supercut
2153:Standard
2143:Sampling
2027:By field
1738:June 13,
1484:See also
1463:Spamalot
1457:Cry-Baby
1361:La Jetée
1266:Miracle,
1087:and the
1072:Sin City
1051:(2009).
1048:Whiteout
1039:(2007),
1033:(2005),
1030:Sin City
1027:(2003),
1021:(2001),
1015:(2001),
997:such as
981:(1980),
975:(1953),
972:Dyesebel
969:(1951),
951:(1951),
936:Superman
751:Porridge
698:(2016).
686:(2002),
680:(1992),
674:(1986),
668:(1985),
662:(1970),
656:(1968),
650:(1951),
644:(1950),
638:(1950),
632:(1944),
623:(2015).
611:(2006),
605:(1994),
599:(1989),
593:(1975),
587:(1972),
581:(1969),
575:(1959),
569:(1948),
563:(1945),
557:(1940),
554:Gaslight
366:Many of
295:Twilight
292:'s 2005
286:diegetic
274:Hogwarts
190:Ironweed
164:McTeague
3434:Related
3408:delayed
3403:limited
3141:Casting
3124:process
3052:process
2860:Pop art
2834:Mimesis
2778:Quixote
2578:Reprise
2517:Theatre
2403:In-joke
2377:Vidding
2241:Collage
1843:Variety
1674:Othello
1630:(ed.).
1423:, with
1415:, with
1386:Melanie
1282:Al Gore
1212:Related
966:Roberta
704:Henry V
614:Quartet
521:Macbeth
516:Maqbool
511:Othello
489:); and
469:Macbeth
458:Othello
385:Othello
245:trilogy
177:elision
94:scholar
3351:visual
3072:Option
2793:(2010)
2783:(1939)
2770:(1919)
2583:Satire
2573:Mashup
2563:Homage
2469:Parody
2464:Calque
2355:Remake
2138:Riddim
2083:Medley
2073:DJ mix
1875:26 May
1793:Forbes
1666:Hamlet
1644:
1490:Remake
1419:, and
1372:Awards
1352:, and
1311:, and
1309:Convoy
1240:, and
1237:Pixels
1208:work.
1140:. The
1042:Wanted
942:Batman
727:Chucky
695:Fences
641:Harvey
584:Sleuth
513:) and
506:Omkara
501:Hamlet
496:Haider
481:) and
479:Hamlet
448:Hamlet
382:, and
373:Hamlet
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
3346:sound
3336:Music
3271:Sound
3089:pitch
2757:works
2675:Genre
2656:Muses
2294:PietĂ
2286:David
2261:Swipe
2214:Trope
2163:Trope
2133:Remix
2034:Music
1951:Greed
1786:Joker
1626:. In
1358:from
1346:from
1336:from
1164:Joker
1000:X-Men
948:Darna
905:novel
783:Both
170:Greed
141:as a
101:JSTOR
87:books
3456:Film
3398:wide
3386:list
3275:Cost
3067:Hook
2942:Meme
2809:Dada
2507:Film
2056:list
1877:2023
1851:2023
1801:2019
1769:2023
1740:2020
1705:2020
1642:ISBN
1578:July
1454:and
1437:and
1219:Tron
1187:film
1151:The
1128:The
909:film
887:and
875:and
816:and
748:and
724:and
566:Rope
400:and
357:and
302:and
247:and
73:news
1638:188
1292:of
1280:is
1095:".
1036:300
901:BBC
893:).
847:.
523:).
503:),
483:Ran
471:),
414:.
392:of
56:by
3516::
2781:"
1905:.
1868:.
1840:.
1817:.
1790:.
1757:.
1728:.
1707:.
1640:.
1598:.
1576:.
1364:.
1340:,
1307:,
1303:,
1296:.
1234:,
1228:,
1181:A
1148:.
1125:.
911:.
869:,
820:.
742:,
736:,
460:.
376:,
328:.
145:.
132:A
3001:e
2994:t
2987:v
2774:"
2635:"
2631:"
2011:e
2004:t
1997:v
1879:.
1853:.
1803:.
1771:.
1742:.
1650:.
1619:"
1221:,
854:)
850:(
537:(
453:O
172:.
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
