195:
26:
96:
344:
437:, one of the major natural bile acids in humans. It undergoes secretion into the biliary tree, gallbladder and intestine in response to food, and is reabsorbed efficiently in the ileum, with kinetics similar to natural bile acids. It was soon shown to be the most convenient and accurate method available to assess and measure
478:
is quoted at 5.3 mSv and annual background exposure in the UK 1-3 mSv.) Measurements were originally performed with a whole-body counter but are usually performed now with an uncollimated gamma camera. The patient is scanned supine or prone with anterior and posterior acquisition from head
469:
A capsule containing radiolabelled SeHCAT (with 370 kBq of
Selenium-75 and less than 0.1 mg SeHCAT) is taken orally with water, to ensure passage of the capsule into the gastrointestinal tract. The physical half life of Se is approximately 118 days; activity is adjusted to a standard
473:
Patients may be given instructions to fast prior to capsule administration; there is significant variation in clinical practice in this regard. The effective dose of radiation for an adult given 370 kBq of SeHCAT is 0.26 mSv. (For comparison, the radiation exposure from an abdominal
817:
van
Tilburg AJ, de Rooij FW, van den Berg JW, Kooij PP, van Blankenstein M (1991). "The selenium-75-homocholic acid taurine test reevaluated: combined measurement of fecal selenium-75 activity and 3 alpha-hydroxy bile acids in 211 patients".
218:
InChI=1S/C26H45NO7SSe/c1-15(13-36-14-23(31)27-8-9-35(32,33)34)18-4-5-19-24-20(12-22(30)26(18,19)3)25(2)7-6-17(28)10-16(25)11-21(24)29/h15-22,24,28-30H,4-14H2,1-3H3,(H,27,31)(H,32,33,34)/t15-,16+,17-,18-,19+,20+,21-,22+,24+,25+,26-/m1/s1
482:
From these measurements, the percent retention of SeHCAT at 7 days is calculated. A 7-day SeHCAT retention value greater than 15% is considered to be normal, with values less than 15% signifying excessive bile acid loss, as found in
490:
With more frequent measurements, it is possible to calculate SeHCAT retention whole-body half-life; this is not routinely measured in a clinical setting. A half-life of greater than 2.8 days has been quoted as normal.
426:. By incorporating the gamma-emitter Se into the SeHCAT molecule, the retention in the body or the loss of this compound into the feces could be studied easily using a standard gamma camera, available in most clinical
479:
to thigh 1 to 3 hours after taking the capsule. Scanning is repeated after 7 days. Background values are subtracted and care must be taken to avoid external sources of radiation in a nuclear medicine department.
1051:
457:. This test has replaced C-labeled glycocholic acid (or taurocholic acid) breath tests and fecal bile acid measurements, which now have no place in the routine clinical investigation of
313:
357:
646:
Jazrawi, RP; Ferraris, R; Bridges, C; Northfield, TC (1988). "Kinetics for the synthetic bile acid 75selenohomocholic acid-taurine in humans: comparison with taurocholate".
982:"Systematic review: the prevalence of idiopathic bile acid malabsorption as diagnosed by SeHCAT scanning in patients with diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome"
937:
569:
patients. When these data were combined, 32% of 1223 patients had a SeHCAT 7-day retention of less than 10%, and 80% of these reported a response to cholestyramine, a
619:
Boyd, GS; Merrick, MV; Monks, R; Thomas, IL (1981). "Se-75-labeled bile acid analogs, new radiopharmaceuticals for investigating the enterohepatic circulation".
519:
of bile acids is reduced in these patients with ileal abnormalities and, as the normal bile acid retention exceeds 95%, only a small degree of change is needed.
1044:
234:
1853:
1037:
1261:
536:
2098:
2068:
1404:
1421:
2093:
1416:
209:
1265:
1201:
1152:
1090:
1394:
1360:
1350:
1293:
1086:
2073:
1197:
364:
1804:
1482:
1399:
1355:
1288:
562:, as clinicians fail to recognize the condition, do not think of performing a SeHCAT test, or do not have it available.
152:
1499:
1323:
590:
507:, often passing watery feces 5 to 10 times each day. When ileum has been removed following surgery, or is inflamed in
173:
1435:
555:
2078:
1774:
516:
419:
782:
Shrimpton PC, Hillier MC, Lewis MA, Dunn M (December 2006). "National survey of doses from CT in the UK: 2003".
1570:
1477:
1303:
566:
559:
935:
Walters, JR (2010). "Defining primary bile acid diarrhea: making the diagnosis and recognizing the disorder".
511:, the 7-day SeHCAT retention usually is abnormal, and most of these patients will benefit from treatment with
683:"Assessment of ileal function by abdominal counting of the retention of a gamma emitting bile acid analogue"
551:
520:
500:
484:
392:
1074:
547:
512:
1738:
2103:
1708:
1635:
570:
38:
1828:
1754:
1749:
1668:
1313:
1175:
190:
441:
turnover in the intestine. SeHCAT testing was commercially developed by
Amersham International Ltd (
2083:
411:
62:
1819:
1693:
1688:
1553:
1537:
1506:
1472:
1276:
1239:
1129:
962:
755:
433:
SeHCAT has been shown to be absorbed from the gut and excreted into the bile at the same rate as
407:
1759:
508:
1698:
2088:
1794:
1683:
1678:
1630:
1600:
1125:
1105:
1061:
1003:
954:
917:
876:
827:
799:
747:
712:
663:
628:
116:
1212:
1115:
1110:
1100:
993:
946:
907:
866:
858:
847:"Bile acid malabsorption in Crohn's disease and indications for its assessment using SeHCAT"
791:
739:
702:
694:
655:
543:
531:
and other disorders affecting intestinal motility or digestion such as radiation enteritis,
504:
427:
257:
161:
72:
1567:
1487:
1140:
524:
50:
23-Seleno-25-homo-tauro-cholic acid; Selenium homocholic acid taurine; Tauroselcholic acid
565:
There have been at least 18 studies of the use of SeHCAT testing in diarrhea-predominant
194:
1029:
2030:
1916:
1516:
1389:
1346:
1284:
1257:
1193:
1148:
1082:
912:
895:
871:
846:
707:
682:
532:
335:
550:, in the absence of other disorders of the intestine, is characteristic of idiopathic
2062:
1733:
1656:
1583:
998:
981:
659:
458:
450:
446:
966:
759:
141:
2048:
2035:
2020:
1921:
1906:
1857:
1764:
1703:
1548:
1334:
1065:
730:
Smith, MJ; Perkins, AC (2013). "A Survey of the clinical use of SeHCAT in the UK".
442:
324:
319:
25:
743:
2025:
2015:
2005:
2000:
1965:
1950:
1911:
1901:
1866:
1824:
1723:
1651:
1605:
1467:
1309:
1252:
1224:
1121:
980:
Wedlake, L; A'Hern, R; Russell, D; Thomas, K; Walters, JR; Andreyev, HJ (2009).
434:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1834:
1779:
1744:
1727:
1718:
1673:
1640:
1625:
1620:
1533:
1529:
1524:
1461:
1454:
1448:
1441:
1428:
1411:
1371:
1366:
1319:
1299:
1171:
1096:
423:
294:
107:
2040:
2010:
1960:
1955:
1945:
1926:
1871:
1845:
1809:
1663:
1645:
1589:
1579:
1494:
1338:
1247:
1181:
438:
404:
1007:
958:
921:
894:
Smith, MJ; Cherian, P; Raju, GS; Dawson, BF; Mahon, S; Bardhan, KD (2000).
803:
795:
751:
880:
831:
716:
698:
667:
632:
1563:
528:
454:
862:
1712:
1595:
1216:
681:
Thaysen, EH; Orholm, M; Arnfred, T; Carl, J; Rødbro, P (October 1982).
475:
128:
950:
1849:
1799:
1784:
1024:
334:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
1813:
1769:
1381:
1163:
95:
85:
1789:
1615:
1610:
1186:
1033:
499:
The SeHCAT test is used to investigate patients with suspected
449:
Medical
Diagnostics division) for clinical use to investigate
242:
C(CCC(NCCS(O)(=O)=O)=O)1()CC2()3()(O)C4()C(O)CC4(C)3()C(O)21C
178:
558:. These patients are frequently misdiagnosed as having the
352:
591:"23-seleno-25-homotaurocholic acid - Compound Summary"
900:
Journal of the Royal
College of Physicians of London
1844:
1562:
1547:
1515:
1380:
1333:
1275:
1238:
1211:
1162:
1139:
1073:
938:Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
896:"Bile acid malabsorption in persistent diarrhoea"
546:, an abnormal SeHCAT retention and a response to
391:) is a drug used in a clinical test to diagnose
140:
71:
42:(Se)-2-seleno]acetyl]amino]ethanesulfonic acid,
1045:
845:Nyhlin, H; Merrick, MV; Eastwood, MA (1994).
8:
1559:
1052:
1038:
1030:
986:Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
193:
115:
17:
997:
911:
870:
706:
160:
582:
239:
214:
189:
2049:Therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals (V10)
772:SeHCAT. SmPC 2008. GE Healthcare 1-7.
537:small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
221:Key: JCMLWGQJPSGGEI-HZAMXZRMSA-N
7:
323:
614:
612:
410:which was synthesized for use as a
131:
14:
381:23-seleno-25-homotaurocholic acid
999:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.04081.x
784:The British Journal of Radiology
385:selenium homocholic acid taurine
342:
287:
275:
269:
24:
403:SeHCAT is a taurine-conjugated
338:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
284:
278:
263:
1:
744:10.1097/MNM.0b013e32835e8989
660:10.1016/0016-5085(88)90306-x
2069:Diagnostic gastroenterology
820:Journal of Nuclear Medicine
621:Journal of Nuclear Medicine
2120:
556:primary bile acid diarrhea
1939:
1025:GE Healthcare SeHCAT site
523:can also be secondary to
517:enterohepatic circulation
503:, who usually experience
420:enterohepatic circulation
332:
306:
250:
230:
205:
55:
47:
37:
32:
23:
2094:Organoselenium compounds
567:irritable bowel syndrome
560:irritable bowel syndrome
2099:Selenium(−II) compounds
1775:Gallium (Ga) gozetotide
1324:Iodinated human albumin
552:bile acid malabsorption
521:Bile acid malabsorption
501:bile acid malabsorption
485:bile acid malabsorption
393:bile acid malabsorption
1075:Central nervous system
548:bile acid sequestrants
513:bile acid sequestrants
1709:Fludeoxyglucose (18F)
1636:Pittsburgh compound B
1277:Cardiovascular system
699:10.1136/gut.23.10.862
571:bile acid sequestrant
542:A similar picture of
2074:Radiopharmaceuticals
1755:Fluorothymidine F-18
1750:Fluoroestradiol F-18
1669:Desmethoxyfallypride
1176:Sodium iodohippurate
1062:radiopharmaceuticals
796:10.1259/bjr/93277434
1739:Fluorodeoxysorbitol
1483:Fluoroethyltyrosine
1422:Satumomab pendetide
863:10.1136/gut.35.1.90
412:radiopharmaceutical
389:tauroselcholic acid
302: g·mol
20:
1820:Piflufolastat F-18
1694:Flotufolastat F-18
1689:Flortaucipir (18F)
1507:Piflufolastat F-18
1478:Fluorodeoxyglucose
1417:Capromab pendetide
1240:Respiratory system
1130:Flutemetamol (18F)
365:Infobox references
18:
2056:
2055:
1935:
1934:
1829:Rubidium chloride
1795:N-Methylspiperone
1684:Florbetapir (18F)
1679:Florbetaben (18F)
1631:N-Methylspiperone
1462:Iobenguane (131I)
1449:Iobenguane (123I)
1314:Rubidium chloride
1126:Florbetapir (18F)
1106:Iofetamine (123I)
951:10.1586/egh.10.54
453:in patients with
373:Chemical compound
371:
370:
174:CompTox Dashboard
97:Interactive image
2111:
2079:Gastroenterology
1560:
1459:
1446:
1433:
1405:Hynic-octreotide
1213:Gastrointestinal
1111:Iolopride (123I)
1101:Ioflupane (123I)
1054:
1047:
1040:
1031:
1012:
1011:
1001:
977:
971:
970:
932:
926:
925:
915:
891:
885:
884:
874:
842:
836:
835:
814:
808:
807:
779:
773:
770:
764:
763:
727:
721:
720:
710:
678:
672:
671:
648:Gastroenterology
643:
637:
636:
616:
607:
606:
604:
602:
587:
544:chronic diarrhea
505:chronic diarrhea
470:reference date.
428:nuclear medicine
355:
349:
346:
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327:
301:
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280:
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258:Chemical formula
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197:
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164:
144:
133:
119:
99:
75:
28:
21:
2119:
2118:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2052:
2051:
2045:
1941:Isotopes used:
1931:
1840:
1551:
1543:
1538:Iodocholesterol
1511:
1488:Sodium fluoride
1457:
1444:
1431:
1376:
1329:
1271:
1234:
1207:
1158:
1141:Skeletal system
1135:
1069:
1058:
1021:
1016:
1015:
979:
978:
974:
934:
933:
929:
893:
892:
888:
844:
843:
839:
816:
815:
811:
790:(948): 968–80.
781:
780:
776:
771:
767:
732:Nuc. Med. Comms
729:
728:
724:
680:
679:
675:
645:
644:
640:
618:
617:
610:
600:
598:
589:
588:
584:
579:
525:cholecystectomy
509:Crohn's disease
497:
467:
445:is now part of
414:to investigate
401:
374:
367:
362:
361:
360: ?)
351:
347:
343:
339:
316:
299:
283:
274:
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191:DTXSID601108465
183:
176:
167:
147:
134:
122:
102:
89:
78:
65:
51:
43:
12:
11:
5:
2117:
2115:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2061:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2031:technetium-99m
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
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1517:Adrenal cortex
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1019:External links
1017:
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837:
826:(6): 1219–24.
809:
774:
765:
722:
673:
638:
608:
581:
580:
578:
575:
554:– also called
533:celiac disease
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341:
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336:standard state
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1734:Fluorocholine
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1549:Radionuclides
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1470:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1430:
1427:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1410:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1267:
1266:Pentetic acid
1263:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1241:
1237:
1230:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1203:
1202:Pentetic acid
1199:
1195:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1154:
1153:Medronic acid
1150:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1091:Pentetic acid
1088:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1063:
1055:
1050:
1048:
1043:
1041:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1009:
1005:
1000:
995:
992:(7): 707–17.
991:
987:
983:
976:
973:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
939:
931:
928:
923:
919:
914:
909:
906:(5): 448–51.
905:
901:
897:
890:
887:
882:
878:
873:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
841:
838:
833:
829:
825:
821:
813:
810:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
778:
775:
769:
766:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
738:(4): 306–13.
737:
733:
726:
723:
718:
714:
709:
704:
700:
696:
693:(10): 862–5.
692:
688:
684:
677:
674:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
642:
639:
634:
630:
626:
622:
615:
613:
609:
596:
592:
586:
583:
576:
574:
572:
568:
563:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
540:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
494:
492:
488:
486:
480:
477:
471:
464:
462:
460:
459:malabsorption
456:
452:
451:malabsorption
448:
447:GE Healthcare
444:
440:
436:
431:
430:departments.
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
406:
398:
396:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
366:
359:
354:
337:
331:
326:
321:
318:
315:
311:
310:
307:Pharmacology
305:
298:
296:
293:
292:
262:
259:
255:
254:
249:
240:
236:
229:
215:
211:
204:
196:
192:
188:
187:
185:
175:
171:
170:
163:
159:
158:
156:
154:
151:
150:
143:
139:
138:
136:
130:
126:
125:
118:
114:
113:
111:
109:
106:
105:
98:
94:
93:
91:
87:
82:
81:
74:
70:
69:
67:
64:
60:
59:
54:
46:
40:
36:
31:
27:
22:
16:
2104:Selenoethers
2036:thallium-201
2021:samarium-153
1858:scintigraphy
1765:Flutemetamol
1704:Fluciclovine
1473:Fluciclovine
1436:Minretumomab
1335:Inflammation
1228:
989:
985:
975:
945:(5): 561–7.
942:
936:
930:
903:
899:
889:
854:
850:
840:
823:
819:
812:
787:
783:
777:
768:
735:
731:
725:
690:
686:
676:
654:(1): 164–9.
651:
647:
641:
627:(8): 720–5.
624:
620:
599:. Retrieved
594:
585:
564:
541:
498:
495:Clinical use
489:
481:
472:
468:
443:Amersham plc
432:
415:
402:
388:
384:
380:
376:
375:
56:Identifiers
48:Other names
15:
2026:selenium-75
2016:rubidium-82
2006:nitrogen-13
2001:krypton-81m
1966:fluorine-18
1951:chromium-51
1606:Carfentanil
1552:(including
1395:Arcitumomab
1361:Tilmanocept
1351:Exametazime
1294:Tetrofosmin
1087:Exametazime
1060:Diagnostic
857:(1): 90–3.
435:cholic acid
399:Development
251:Properties
2084:Bile acids
2063:Categories
2047:See also:
1996:iodine-131
1991:iodine-125
1986:iodine-123
1981:indium-111
1976:gallium-68
1971:gallium-67
1835:Setoperone
1760:Fluspidine
1745:Fluorodopa
1728:Altanserin
1719:Flumazenil
1674:Fallypride
1641:Raclopride
1626:Methionine
1621:Flumazenil
1592:(Cimbi-36)
1198:Mertiatide
595:CID 123829
577:References
424:bile salts
295:Molar mass
162:H6630PU5ZJ
108:ChemSpider
84:3D model (
73:75018-71-2
63:CAS Number
39:IUPAC name
2041:xenon-133
2011:oxygen-15
1961:copper-64
1956:cobalt-57
1946:carbon-11
1846:gamma ray
1699:Flubatine
1646:Verapamil
1590:25B-NBOMe
1584:ME@HAPTHI
1400:Votumumab
1356:Sulesomab
1339:infection
1304:Imciromab
1289:Sestamibi
1116:Iomazenil
465:Procedure
439:bile acid
405:bile acid
2089:Cholanes
1715:analogue
1564:positron
1500:Dotatate
1008:19570102
967:27123642
959:20932141
922:11077656
804:17213302
760:28551810
752:23407368
529:vagotomy
455:diarrhea
328:)
314:ATC code
1713:glucose
1657:Ammonia
1601:Choline
1596:Acetate
1554:tracers
1217:Hepatic
913:9665518
881:8307458
872:1374639
832:2045936
717:7117906
708:1419815
668:3371611
633:7264761
601:3 April
476:CT scan
416:in vivo
358:what is
356: (
322: (
320:V09DX01
142:3086012
129:PubChem
117:2342733
19:SeHCAT
1850:photon
1800:Nifene
1785:Mefway
1711:(FDG)-
1458:
1445:
1432:
1262:Tc-MAA
1229:SeHCAT
1006:
965:
957:
920:
910:
879:
869:
830:
802:
758:
750:
715:
705:
666:
631:
597:. NCBI
535:, and
515:. The
408:analog
377:SeHCAT
353:verify
350:
300:594.68
235:SMILES
33:Names
1854:SPECT
1814:Water
1770:FMISO
1741:(FDS)
1382:Tumor
1164:Renal
963:S2CID
756:S2CID
387:, or
210:InChI
86:JSmol
1790:MPPF
1616:DTBZ
1611:DASB
1571:list
1187:ETS2
1004:PMID
955:PMID
918:PMID
877:PMID
828:PMID
800:PMID
748:PMID
713:PMID
664:PMID
629:PMID
603:2011
418:the
153:UNII
1805:FET
1568:PET
1066:V09
994:doi
947:doi
908:PMC
867:PMC
859:doi
851:Gut
792:doi
740:doi
703:PMC
695:doi
687:Gut
656:doi
422:of
325:WHO
179:EPA
132:CID
2065::
1927:Xe
1922:Tl
1917:Tc
1912:Se
1907:Sm
1902:Kr
1882:In
1877:Ga
1872:Co
1867:Cr
1825:Rb
1780:Ga
1664:Cu
1532:/
1495:Cu
1412:In
1390:Tc
1372:Ga
1367:In
1347:Tc
1310:Rb
1300:In
1285:Tc
1264:,
1258:Tc
1253:Kr
1248:Xe
1225:Se
1200:,
1194:Tc
1182:Cu
1149:Tc
1128:,
1089:,
1083:Tc
1002:.
990:30
988:.
984:.
961:.
953:.
941:.
916:.
904:34
902:.
898:.
875:.
865:.
855:35
853:.
849:.
824:32
822:.
798:.
788:79
786:.
754:.
746:.
736:34
734:.
711:.
701:.
691:23
689:.
685:.
662:.
652:95
650:.
625:22
623:.
611:^
593:.
573:.
539:.
527:,
487:.
461:.
395:.
383:,
288:Se
273:45
267:26
1897:I
1892:I
1887:I
1860:)
1856:/
1852:(
1848:/
1837:)
1831:)
1827:(
1816:)
1812:(
1810:O
1730:)
1726:(
1724:F
1652:N
1648:)
1586:)
1582:(
1580:C
1573:)
1566:(
1556:)
1540:)
1536:(
1534:I
1530:I
1525:I
1468:F
1464:)
1460:(
1455:I
1451:)
1447:(
1442:I
1438:)
1434:(
1429:I
1363:)
1349:(
1337:/
1326:)
1322:(
1320:I
1316:)
1312:(
1306:)
1302:(
1296:)
1287:(
1268:)
1260:(
1231:)
1227:(
1215:/
1204:)
1196:(
1178:)
1174:(
1172:I
1155:)
1151:(
1132:)
1124:(
1122:F
1118:)
1099:(
1097:I
1093:)
1085:(
1068:)
1064:(
1053:e
1046:t
1039:v
1010:.
996::
969:.
949::
943:4
924:.
883:.
861::
834:.
806:.
794::
762:.
742::
719:.
697::
670:.
658::
635:.
605:.
379:(
348:Y
285:S
282:7
279:O
276:N
270:H
264:C
181:)
177:(
88:)
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