216:
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271:
368:
322:
228:
135:
160:
153:
260:
102:
240:
294:
349:
313:
186:
175:
124:
113:
201:
724:
However, Oueddei was forced to sign a merger that virtually united Chad and Libya, causing outrage amongst Africa. Oueddei, under pressure of France and several states of the OAU, forced the departure of all Libyan soldiers from Chad.
405:
720:
Gaddafi had managed to move some 5,000 troops, 500 vehicles, numerous artillery pieces, Air Force contingents, along with all their necessary supplies 1,300 km in under 1 month and accomplish his goal.
708:. The city was bombarded for a week and nearly destroyed, with Habré forced to retreat into Cameroon, while the rest of the FAN fought rear guard actions until December 15, when they escaped into
398:
391:
117:
1015:
564:, which quickly escalated to a full-scale battle with thousands wounded and hundreds dead within 10 days, and half the city's population fleeing to neighboring
1035:
665:
Once preparations were complete, this equipment along with some 4,000 GUNT troops was deployed into an attack on N'Djamena on
December 8, under cover of
1030:
17:
593:. However, all of these ultimately fell through, and hostilities continued. In May, the 1,100 French troops stationed in N'Djamena withdrew as
689:
455:
912:
818:
991:
922:
862:
798:
544:
Habré however was anti-Libyan and ruthless in his ambition, causing him to position himself against
Oueddei's pro-Libyan government
1020:
947:
514:
506:
583:
415:
685:
631:
642:
were used to transport immense amounts of supplies, ammunition, equipment and troops to Faya-Largeau, including 100
1025:
749:
553:
179:
1050:
586:
557:
128:
623:
486:
34:
692:
artillery and began bombarding N'Djamena with more than 10,000 shells, along with support from SF.260s and
1045:
286:
139:
1040:
670:
576:
337:
448:
788:
700:
veteran watching from
Cameroon reported that the fighting was heavier than what he had experienced in
619:
190:
594:
429:
534:
298:
823:
987:
918:
858:
794:
655:
759:
609:
538:
526:
264:
848:
635:
605:
494:
441:
275:
167:
608:
had been supplying
Oueddei with weapons and advisers since April, but on October 9 the
1009:
745:
705:
693:
678:
530:
341:
639:
613:
572:
164:
561:
57:
981:
852:
697:
510:
462:
753:
659:
590:
467:
666:
643:
627:
490:
373:
333:
967:
Les deux guerres civiles au Tchad in Tchad: Anthologie de la guerre civile
383:
565:
106:
701:
518:
651:
522:
206:
579:
were withdrawn, and various attempts at ceasefires were mediated by
709:
674:
281:
270:
245:
233:
221:
673:. The first assault did not go well, with FAN employing captured
493:, it eventually resulted in Libya's direct intervention, and was
647:
580:
293:
61:
387:
763:
618:
As few Libyan pilots were qualified to pilot the Air Force's
509:
was fought from
February to March in 1979, resulting in the
854:
Limits of
Anarchy: Intervention and State Formation in Chad
819:"PILOT SAYS LIBYA OUSTED HIM FOR REFUSING MISSION TO CHAD"
684:
On
December 12 the Libyans employed several batteries of
616:
from FAN and turn it into a supply and transport hub.
552:
On March 22, 1980, clashes broke out between Habré's
681:to shoot down an Mi-25 with the serial number 103.
677:to destroy some 20 Libyan vehicles, and a captured
16:For other battles that occurred in N'Djamena, see
986:. University of Michigan Press. pp. 89–90.
980:Brecher, Michael; Wilkenfeld, Jonathan (1997).
914:The Roots of Violence: A History of War in Chad
485:was a large scale and bloody battle during the
27:
857:. University Press of Virginia. p. 136.
843:
841:
399:
8:
755:Frank Terpil: Confessions of a Dangerous Man
378:~20 tanks and vehicles destroyed or disabled
782:
780:
406:
392:
384:
24:
906:
904:
489:. While initially fought between Chadian
876:
874:
740:
738:
497:first military victory in the conflict.
734:
917:. Taylor & Francis. p. 108.
812:
810:
7:
911:Azevedo, M. J. (October 11, 2005).
571:On April 3 the last remaining OAU
14:
1016:Battles of the Chadian–Libyan War
790:Libyan Air Wars Part 1: 1973-1985
817:Gerth, Jeff (November 2, 1981).
787:Cooper, Tom (January 19, 2015).
366:
347:
320:
311:
292:
280:
269:
258:
238:
226:
214:
199:
184:
173:
158:
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133:
122:
111:
100:
793:. Helion, Limited. p. 34.
1:
1036:Chad–United Kingdom relations
1031:Chad–United States relations
48:March 22 - December 15, 1980
1067:
630:hired by rogue and active
589:and OAU secretary-general
483:Second Battle of N'Djamena
437:Second Battle of N'Djamena
28:Second Battle of N'Djamena
15:
948:"71. Chad (1960-present)"
507:First Battle of N'Djamena
425:
362:
357:
304:
251:
93:
40:
32:
73:Decisive Libyan victory
965:Lanne, Bernard (1981).
626:, American and British
487:Chadian-Libyan conflict
417:Chadian–Libyan conflict
35:Chadian-Libyan conflict
937:S. Nolutshungu, p. 135
898:S. Nolutshungu, p. 133
513:being brokered by the
252:Commanders and leaders
80:Chad occupied by Libya
363:5,000 - 10,000 killed
358:Casualties and losses
83:Chadian-Libyan merger
1021:History of N'Djamena
889:T. Cooper, p. 22, 39
612:was used to capture
330:~40 armored vehicles
849:Nolutshungu, Sam C.
752:(January 8, 1982).
601:Libyan intervention
539:minister of defense
168:British mercenaries
18:Battle of N'Djamena
824:The New York Times
587:Gnassingbé Eyadéma
77:N'Djamena captured
1026:Mercenary warfare
983:A Study in Crisis
969:. pp. 53–62.
597:came to a close.
577:Congo-Brazzaville
529:was made interim
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89:
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880:T. Cooper, p. 40
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814:
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760:Documentary film
742:
595:Opération Tacaud
527:Goukouni Oueddei
457:El Dorado Canyon
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265:Goukouni Oueddei
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1051:Battles in 1980
1006:
1005:
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978:
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786:
785:
778:
768:
766:
744:
743:
736:
731:
718:
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606:Muammar Gaddafi
603:
550:
525:. As a result,
503:
479:
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472:
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377:
367:
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331:
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291:
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276:Muammar Gaddafi
268:
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200:
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143:(from December)
134:
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64:
21:
12:
11:
5:
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957:
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837:
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799:
776:
750:Fanning, David
746:Thomas, Antony
733:
732:
730:
727:
717:
714:
602:
599:
556:and Oueddei's
549:
548:Early fighting
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23:
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13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
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2:
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1052:
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1047:
1046:1980 in Libya
1044:
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1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
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993:0-472-10806-9
989:
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973:
968:
961:
958:
953:
949:
943:
940:
934:
931:
926:
924:9781135300814
920:
916:
915:
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901:
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864:9780813916286
860:
856:
855:
850:
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826:
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820:
813:
811:
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802:
800:9781910777510
796:
792:
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761:
757:
756:
751:
747:
741:
739:
735:
728:
726:
722:
715:
713:
711:
707:
706:Tet Offensive
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
682:
680:
676:
672:
668:
663:
661:
657:
654:, as well as
653:
649:
645:
641:
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633:
629:
625:
621:
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607:
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598:
596:
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588:
585:
582:
578:
574:
569:
567:
563:
559:
555:
547:
545:
542:
540:
536:
535:Hissène Habré
532:
531:head of state
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
500:
498:
496:
492:
488:
484:
469:
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390:
389:
386:
375:
361:
356:
345:
343:
339:
335:
309:
308:
303:
300:
299:Hissène Habré
295:
290:
288:
287:Radwan Radwan
283:
277:
272:
266:
256:
255:
250:
247:
235:
223:
208:
196:
195:Supported by:
192:
181:
171:
169:
166:
148:
147:Supported by:
141:
130:
119:
108:
98:
97:
92:
82:
79:
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75:
74:
71:
68:
67:
63:
59:
55:
52:
51:
47:
44:
43:
39:
36:
31:
26:
19:
1041:1980 in Chad
1003:
982:
975:
966:
960:
951:
942:
933:
913:
894:
885:
853:
830:December 19,
828:. Retrieved
822:
789:
769:December 19,
767:. Retrieved
754:
723:
719:
683:
664:
656:Crotale SAMs
640:Frank Terpil
636:Edwin Wilson
614:Faya-Largeau
604:
573:peacekeepers
570:
551:
543:
517:, primarily
504:
482:
480:
456:
449:
442:
436:
430:
194:
165:American and
146:
94:Belligerents
72:
704:during the
698:Vietnam War
660:BM-21 Grads
628:mercenaries
511:Kano Accord
463:Tibesti War
210:(until May)
1010:Categories
729:References
591:Edem Kodjo
501:Background
468:Toyota War
716:Aftermath
584:president
562:N'Djamena
495:Gaddafi's
376:destroyed
332:Numerous
328:~60 tanks
58:N'Djamena
851:(1996).
581:Togolese
566:Cameroon
450:Épervier
305:Strength
107:FROLINAT
53:Location
33:Part of
952:uca.edu
671:SF.260s
652:BTR-60s
634:Agents
620:CH-47Cs
519:Nigeria
491:proxies
338:SF.260s
990:
921:
861:
797:
748:&
694:Tu-22s
675:RPG-7s
667:Mi-25s
624:C-130s
533:, and
523:France
521:, and
431:Tacaud
342:Tu-22s
334:Mi-25s
317:~5,500
243:
231:
219:
207:France
204:
69:Result
710:Sudan
648:T-62s
644:T-55s
575:from
537:made
443:Manta
374:Mi-25
353:4,000
326:5,000
246:Sudan
234:Egypt
222:China
140:Libya
988:ISBN
919:ISBN
859:ISBN
832:2020
795:ISBN
771:2020
696:. A
690:M-46
688:and
686:D-30
679:SA-7
669:and
658:and
650:and
638:and
622:and
610:LAAF
505:The
481:The
340:and
118:GUNT
62:Chad
45:Date
764:PBS
762:).
702:Huáşż
632:CIA
560:in
558:FAP
554:FAN
515:OAU
191:FAT
180:FAN
129:FAP
1012::
950:.
903:^
873:^
840:^
821:.
809:^
779:^
737:^
712:.
662:.
646:,
568:.
541:.
372:1
336:,
60:,
996:.
954:.
927:.
867:.
834:.
803:.
773:.
758:(
407:e
400:t
393:v
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
