732:), Mosley submitted an ambitious set of proposals for dealing with the crisis to the Labour Cabinet in what became known as "Mosley's Memorandum". These included much greater use of credit to finance development through the public control of banking, rationalisation of industry under public ownership, British agricultural development, import restrictions and bulk purchase agreements with foreign (particularly Imperial) producers, protection of the home market by tariffs, and higher pensions and allowances to encourage earlier retirement from industry and to increase purchasing power. Although MacDonald was sympathetic to some of Mosley's proposals, they were rejected by Snowden and other members of the Cabinet, which led Mosley to resign in frustration in May 1930. The government continued to adhere to an orthodox economic course, as characterised by the controversial decision of the
511:. c. 16) increased insurance benefits for certain classes of unemployed who had been on a very low scale, and included a provision that (except in trade disputes) claims for benefits could no longer be disallowed except on the authority of a Court of Referees. Altogether, an estimated 170,000 people were brought into benefit by the combined exchanges in the act. A scheme for training unemployed workers who had little chance of being reabsorbed into their previous occupations was extended, while arrangements were made whereby youths who were helping to support their families out of unemployment pay could live at either the training centres (or lodgings in the vicinity) and have a special remittance of 9 shillings a week made to their homes. In addition, the provision of instruction for unemployed boys and girls between the ages of 14 and 18 was extended.
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98:
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of staff in the school medical services was increased, while about 3,000 new places were provided in day and residential special schools for crippled or blind children and in open-air schools for delicate children. There was also a large increase in the number of meals supplied to school children, while support given by the government to the
National Milk Publicity Council's scheme for supplying milk to children resulted in 600,000 children benefiting daily from this service. Technical education was developed and arrangements were made for co-operation between technical colleges and industry, while new regulations facilitated an expansion of adult education. In addition, the government increased the number of free places that
574:. c. 39) provided a sum of ÂŁ2 million to help the poorer rural districts which were willing but unable to fulfil their housing responsibilities. In addition, an act passed by the previous Conservative government providing assistance towards the improvement of privately owned cottages for land workers was extended for another five years. To protect farm workers from exploitation, additional inspectors were appointed in 1929 to investigate "cases of refusal to pay minimum wages," and as a result of the work carried out by these investigators, wage arrears were recovered for 307 workers with the space of a few months. In addition, levels of support for war veterans and family members were expanded.
605:. c. 3) scrapped the "genuinely seeking work" clause in unemployment benefit (which was originally abolished by the first Labour government in 1924, and reintroduced by the Conservatives in 1928), increased dependants' allowances, extended provision for the long-term unemployed, relaxed eligibility conditions, and introduced an individual means test. As a result of the changes made by the government to unemployment provision, the number of people on transitional benefits (payments given to those who had either exhausted their unemployment insurance benefits or did not qualify for them) rose from 120,000 in 1929 to more than 500,000 in 1931.
640:. c. 39) provided local authorities with additional central government subsidies to construct new homes for people who had been moved out of slum clearance areas. The Housing Act 1930 provided for rehousing in advance of demolition, and also for the charging of low rents. The act also made state aid available for the first time for building attractive little houses for older people without families. An obligation was put onto county councils to contribute towards houses built for farm workers, while provisions in the act for improving bad housing and clearing slums were applied to the country districts as well as to urban areas.
578:
2,000 to about 1,500. From 1929 to 1931, the number of certified teachers in service was increased by about 3,000, while the number of classes with more than 50 children was reduced by about 2,000. Capital expenditure on elementary school building approved by the Board of
Education during 1930–1931 stood at over £9 million, more than double the amount approved during 1928–29, the Conservative government's last year in office. In addition, an annual grant to the universities was increased by £250,000. Various military reforms were carried out, with the raising of the minimum age of enrolment into
753:
the dole. During August 1931, the
Cabinet struggled to produce budget amendments that were politically acceptable but proved unable to do so without causing mass resignations and a full-scale split in the party. The particular issue on which the split occurred was the vote of the cabinet after much discussion to reduce benefit paid to unemployed people under the National Assistance scheme. The Cabinet was unable to reach an agreement on this controversial issue, with nine members opposing the reduction in the dole and eleven supporting it, and on 24 August 1931 the government formally resigned.
679:. c. 17) also encouraged local authorities (in the words of one study) "to work with a local voluntary group to find suitable employment for deaf people." The lid was kept on the (then) ever present risk of a naval arms race, while the system of naval officer recruitment was reformed to make it less difficult for working-class sailors to secure promotion from the ranks. George Lansbury, the First Commissioner of Works, sponsored a "Brighter Britain" campaign and introduced a number of facilities in London parks such as mixed bathing, boating ponds, and swings and sandpits for children.
433:-hour daily shift in mines. Owners were guaranteed minimum coal prices through compulsory production quotas among collieries, thus doing away with cut-throat competition. This solution was introduced to prevent a fall in miners' wages. The act introduced a philanthropic cartel replacing the coal merchants' oligopoly to allocate production quotas by control of a central council, while a Mines Reorganisation Commission was established to encourage efficiency through amalgamations. Many mine owners variously offended these provisions due to Labour's lack of enforcement powers.
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500:. c. 5) authorising grants up to ÂŁ1 million a year for schemes in the colonies, a measure continuing at the existing levels the subsidies under the Housing Acts, which the Conservatives had threatened to reduce, and a removal of the appointed Guardians whom the Conservatives had put in office in place of the elected Boards in Bedwellty, Chester-le-Street, and Westham. Changes were also made to the taxation system that resulted in the poor paying less tax and the rich paying more.
112:
538:. c. 43) (which introduced third-party insurance to compensate for property damage and personal injury, made better provisions for road safety, provided greater freedom to municipalities to run omnibus services, the principle of the Fair Wage Clause was applied to all employees on road passenger services, and placed a statutory limit on the working hours of drivers), the Land Drainage Act (which provided some degree of progress in river management), the
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652:. c. 35) (which came into force in January 1931) provided for the compulsory closing of hairdressers and barbers shops on Sundays and with certain exceptions provided that "no person may carry on the work of a hairdresser on Sunday." An order of February 1930 prescribed protective measures for cement workers, while an order of May 1930 contained provisions concerning the protection of workers in tanneries.
760:, also headed by Ramsay MacDonald and made up of members of Labour, the Conservatives and Liberals, calling itself a National Government. Viewed by many Labour supporters as a traitor, Macdonald was subsequently expelled from the Labour Party, and remained a hated figure within the Labour Party for many years thereafter, despite his great services to his party earlier in his life.
43:
690:. Medical services in the Highlands and Islands were extended and stabilised, while limits imposed by a previous Conservative administration on the scale of Poor Law relief were scrapped, along with a system of offering the Poor House "as test for able-bodied men who have been out of work for a long period."
530:. c. 16) re-drafted the terms of benefit, so as to remove the major part of the grievance relating to the disqualification of persons alleged to be "not genuinely seeking work", which led to greater numbers of people acquiring unemployment assistance. Other measures carried out in 1929–30 included the
752:
MacDonald's cabinet met repeatedly to work out the necessary cutbacks and tax rises, while at the same time seeking loans from overseas. It later became clear that the bankers in New York would only provide loans if the government carried out significant austerity measures, such as a 10% reduction in
693:
The Second Labour
Government's achievements in social policy were, however, overshadowed by the government's failure to tackle the effects of the Great Depression, which left mass unemployment in its wake. Spending on public works was accelerated, although this proved to be inadequate in dealing with
585:
A circular was issued that urged the need for an expansion of provisions for the health and welfare of children under the compulsory school age by the development of nursery schools and other services, and by April 1931, the amount of accommodation available in nursery schools was doubled. The number
763:
The circumstances surrounding the downfall of the Second Labour
Government, together with its replacement by the National Government and its failure to develop a coherent economic strategy for dealing with the effects of the Great Depression, remained controversial amongst historians for many years.
593:
To improve safety standards at sea, an international conference was convened by the Labour
President of the Board of Trade, which led to 27 governments signing a convention establishing for the first time uniform safety rules for all the cargo ships throughout the world. Conditions for soldiers were
682:
A number of other initiatives were undertaken by the Office of Works during Labour's time in office, including extensions in the amenities of the parks and palaces under its charge, and the spending of thousands of pounds on various improvements for the preservation of memorials across the country,
436:
The Land
Utilisation Bill of 1931 would have given ministers sweeping powers to purchase land nationwide (to be run by local authorities and other such bodies). It was mauled by the House of Lords and had no backing from the Treasury so reduced to limited powers to improve agricultural productivity
716:
to the
Trossachs rebuilt). These and similar schemes, however, failed in the Unemployment Committee (a group composed of Thomas and his assistants Johnston, Lansbury, and Oswald Mosley to develop a solution to the unemployment problem), where the four ministers received negative responses to their
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to push through
Parliament an Anomalies Act, aimed at stamping out apparent "abuses" of the unemployment insurance system. This legislation limited the rights of short-time, casual and seasonal workers and of married women to claim unemployment benefit, which further damaged the reputation of the
577:
In education, various measures were introduced to promote equality and opportunity. More generous standards of school-planning were secured, while special attention was given to the provision of adequate accommodation for practical work. The number of "black-listed" schools was reduced from about
565:
The 1930 Labour budget provided for largely increased expenditure, contained measures to prevent tax evasion, raised the standard rate of income tax as well as the surtax while making concessions to the smaller taxpayer. A town and country planning act gave local authorities more power to control
748:
In the summer of 1931, the government was gripped by a political and financial crisis as the value of the pound and its place on the Gold
Standard came under threat over fears that the budget was unbalanced. A run on gold began when a report by the May Committee estimated that there would be a
643:
A number of measures were also introduced to improve standards of health and safety in the workplace. As a means of improving industrial hygiene, regulations were introduced on 1 June 1931 that prescribed measures of hygiene for establishments engaged in electrolytic chromium plating, while
473:. c. 14). The Housing Act 1930 resulted in the demolition of 245,000 slums by 1939, and the construction of 700,000 new homes. The Housing Act 1930 also allowed local authorities to set up differential rent schemes, with rents related to the incomes of the tenants concerned.
698:, who was put in charge of the problem of unemployment, was unable to offer a solution, while Margaret Bondfield also failed to come up with an imaginative response. Other members of the cabinet, however, put forward their own proposals for dealing with the Depression.
740:
government amongst Labour supporters. Bondfield was caught between the financial orthodoxy of Snowden, the critics of cuts on Labour's backbenches and the baying for even more cuts on the Opposition benches, and in the end she ended up satisfying none of them.
644:
regulations introduced on 28 April 1931 dealt with conditions in the refractory materials industries. On 24 February 1931, special regulations were issued by the Home Office for the prevention of accidents in the shipbuilding industry. The
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1414:
311:
403:, having to reconcile budgetary considerations with the demands of trade unions. In particular, unemployed workers' organisations carried on regular and massive protest actions, including a series of
1291:
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improved, while the death penalty for certain offences was abolished. A seven-year limit in connection with war pensions was also removed, while a programme for afforestation was increased.
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1997:
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the problem. By January 1930, 1.5 million people were out of work, a number which reached almost 2 million by June, and by December it topped 2.5 million. The Lord Privy Seal
1814:
522:. c. 70) was amended to cover some hundreds of thousands of additional pensioners, under improved conditions, with the inclusion of widows between the ages of 55 and 70. The
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492:. c. 7) authorising grants up to ÂŁ25 million and a further ÂŁ25 million in guarantees for public works schemes designed to reduce unemployment, the parallel
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from 13 to 15, the abolition of the death penalty for certain offences, and the modification of the disciplinary code "in the direction of clemency."
64:
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Expenditure on the insurance fund was raised as a means of ensuring that unemployed persons would not be reduced so quickly to poor relief. The
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260:
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462:
384:
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proposed land reclamation in Great Britain, a colonising scheme in Western Australia, and pensions for people at the age of sixty, while
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31:
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The one minister whose proposals may have helped Britain to recover quickly from the worst effects of the Great Depression was
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484:. c. 3), which made temporary amendment of the Unemployment Insurance Acts, increasing the state contribution to the fund, the
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deficit of ÂŁ120 million by April 1932, and recommended reductions in government expenditure and higher taxes to prevent this.
438:
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2022:
2002:
1947:
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1799:
1687:
1375:
1200:
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728:. Frustrated by the government's economic orthodoxy (a controversial policy upheld by the fiscally conservative Chancellor,
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1916:
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1070:
937:
897:
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617:
567:
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1942:
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865:
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for the relief of the poor and destitute, while Poor Law hospitals came under the control of local authorities. The
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June 1930 – J.H. Thomas succeeds Lord Passfield as Dominions Secretary. Passfield remains Colonial Secretary.
383:
MPs. The disparity in seats versus votes cast was created by the outcome on boundaries at the time under the
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3758:
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3343:
3201:
3050:
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1962:
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616:. c. 5) extended provision of health insurance to unemployed males whose entitlement had run out, while the
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321:
240:
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465:) and the London Transport Bill 1931 — this was passed by a subsequent Conservative government as the
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399:'s MPs to pass legislation. His ministers rapidly faced the problems stemming from the impact of the
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2717:
2176:
2146:
1957:
1932:
1833:
1597:
1419:
1403:
963:
713:
416:
392:
217:
3803:
3460:
3435:
3388:
3358:
3293:
1713:
1543:
1473:
1312:
1099:
924:
736:
380:
3110:
National Crisis and National Government. British Politics, the Economy and the Empire, 1926–1932
3055:
Owen, Nicholas. "MacDonald's Parties: The Labour Party and the 'Aristocratic Embrace' 1922–31,"
111:
2693:
The welfare state: an economic and social history of Great Britain from 1945 to the present day
3520:
3455:
3318:
3148:
3113:
3078:
3016:
2990:
2974:
2618:
2612:
1774:
1744:
676:
660:
649:
637:
629:
621:
613:
602:
571:
559:
551:
543:
535:
527:
519:
508:
497:
489:
481:
470:
458:
450:
442:
420:
356:
206:
223:
3844:
3833:
3373:
3368:
3313:
2079:
1987:
1972:
1629:
1278:
1111:
1040:
981:
959:
933:
830:
633:
454:
400:
344:
167:
437:
and provide and subsidise smallholdings to the unemployed and agricultural workers, as the
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3288:
2983:
2231:
2105:
2012:
1900:
1874:
1677:
1559:
1515:
1344:
1260:
1093:
1053:
977:
942:
888:
879:
807:
785:
701:
687:
415:
The government faced practical enforcement difficulties with its legislation, such as the
254:
2490:
The Making of the Modern British Home: The Suburban Semi and Family Life between the Wars
2662:
2643:
17:
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3823:
3788:
3733:
3633:
3378:
1843:
1754:
1645:
1248:
1236:
1140:
839:
825:
812:
729:
664:
404:
281:
30:
This article is about the second ministry led by Ramsay MacDonald. For other uses, see
2816:
Sport, Politics and the Working Class: Organized Labour and Sport in Inter-war Britain
3857:
3713:
3353:
2787:
Disability and the welfare state in Britain. Changes in perception and policy 1948–79
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2529:
2508:
2156:
1360:
721:
352:
3035:
2316:
1858:
1328:
821:
803:
695:
624:. c. 32) introduced criminal legal aid for appearances in magistrates' courts. The
396:
2667:. The Labour Party. 1931 – via Florida Atlantic University Digital Library.
2648:. The Labour Party. 1932 – via Florida Atlantic University Digital Library.
476:
Immediate measures carried out by the government upon taking office included the
2438:
1729:
1391:
1296:
915:
781:
709:
3005:
717:
proposals from the top civil servants from the various government departments.
683:
as characterised by the restoration of a castle at Porchester near Portsmouth.
2957:
MacDonald versus Henderson: The Foreign Policy of the Second Labour Government
2919:
Labour Inside the Gate: A History of the British Labour Party between the Wars
2801:
Serving the People: Co-operative Party History from Fred Perry to Gordon Brown
2420:
708:
pushed for national relief schemes such as the construction of a road round
453:. c. 42) (which established a board to fix prices for produce), Greenwood's
42:
554:. c. 29) (which established disability compensation for asbestos) and the
372:
157:
379:' 255 seats with 8,560,000 votes. Most remaining seats were those of 58
375:, its total of 288 seats (arising from 8,300,000 votes) compared to the
3226:
1415:
Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries
778:
Ramsay MacDonald – Prime Minister and Leader of the House of Commons
2964:
How Labour Governments Fall: From Ramsay Macdonald to Gordon Brown
686:
In Scotland, various welfare initiatives were carried out by the
3230:
3145:
A Singular Marriage: A Labour Love Story in Letters and Diaries
610:
National Health Insurance (Prolongation of Insurance) Act 1930
36:
3096:
Politicians and the Slump: The Labour Government of 1929–1931
2553:
Modern Britain: Life and Work through Two Centuries of Change
516:
Widows', Orphans' and Old Age Contributory Pensions Act 1925
3000:
Marquand, David. "MacDonald, (James) Ramsay (1866–1937)",
2971:
MacDonald's Party. Labour Identities and Crisis, 1922–1931
2568:
Industrialisation and society: a social history, 1830–1951
1292:
Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
646:
Hairdressers' and Barbers' Shops (Sunday Closing) Act 1930
548:
Workmen's Compensation (Silicosis and Asbestosis) Act 1930
3147:(of Ramsay and Margaret MacDonald), London: Harrap 1988;
2871:
A Social History of the English Working Classes 1815–1945
3122:
Wrigley, Chris. "James Ramsay MacDonald 1922–1931," in
3064:
Labour in Crisis: The Second Labour Government, 1929–31
2638:
2636:
2634:
2296:
Created Baron Ponsonby of Shulbrede on 17 January 1930.
980:
succeeds Sir C.P. Trevelyan at the Board of Education.
1356:
Parliamentary and Financial Secretary to the Admiralty
712:(Johnston was successful in getting a coach road from
667:
and replaced the Poor Law with public bodies known as
3004:
Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Oct 2009
1998:
Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Transport
3624:
3416:
3264:
2951:
Twentieth Century British Political Facts 1900–2000
2849:
The People's Party: the History of the Labour Party
2372:
The Longman Companion to The Labour Party 1900–1998
1815:
Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Pensions
973:
succeeds Lord Thomson as Secretary of State for Air
546:. c. 50) (conferring easier borrowing powers), the
445:. c. 41). Other legislation introduced include the
327:
317:
307:
297:
292:
246:
236:
212:
202:
190:
183:
173:
163:
153:
148:
133:
118:
88:
756:The Second Labour Government was succeeded by the
27:Government of the United Kingdom from 1929 to 1931
1725:Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Labour
1641:Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Health
1609:Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Education
486:Development (Loan Guarantees and Grants) Act 1929
2707:The Coming of the Welfare State by Maurice Bruce
2611:Castleman, Barry I.; Berger, Stephen L. (2005).
1324:Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department
3124:Leading Labour: From Keir Hardie to Tony Blair,
2365:
2363:
2361:
966:succeeds Noel Buxton as Minister of Agriculture
3042:edited by Asa Briggs, and john Saville, (1971)
2997:; the standard scholarly biography; favourable
2934:Margaret Bondfield: First Woman in the Cabinet
2772:A companion to early twentieth-century Britain
2598:A history of water in modern England and Wales
3242:
2897:
2895:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2858:
2842:
2840:
2678:Townsend, Peter; Bosanquet, Nicholas (eds.).
2657:
2655:
2345:
2343:
1928:Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade
1555:Under-Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs
371:The government formed lacked a parliamentary
8:
3879:1931 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
3038:"Ramsay MacDonald and the Labour Party," in
2962:Heppell, Timothy, and Kevin Theakston, eds.
2680:Labour and inequality: sixteen Fabian essays
2395:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2381:
387:and the lack of a boundary change since the
3089:The Second Labour Government: A reappraisal
2321:Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
355:on 5 June 1929. It was the second time the
3249:
3235:
3227:
3195:
2757:The Evolution of the British Welfare State
2401:The Record of the Second Labour Government
1307:Secretary of State for the Home Department
1011:
3874:1929 establishments in the United Kingdom
2503:
2501:
2499:
1501:Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies
3002:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography,
2414:
2412:
2410:
439:Agricultural Land (Utilisation) Act 1931
67:of all important aspects of the article.
2512:A History of the Labour Party from 1914
2339:
2309:
2267:
1526:Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs
1154:Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury
848:Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs
566:local and regional planning, while the
461:. c. 39) (which provided subsidies for
1273:Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
85:
63:Please consider expanding the lead to
3138:Ramsay MacDonald's Political Writings
2230:
2130:
2075:Financial Secretary to the War Office
2073:
2048:
1996:
1956:
1886:Under-Secretary of State for Scotland
1884:
1827:
1773:
1738:
1671:
1578:
1553:
1524:
1499:
1438:
1413:
1386:Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries
1384:
1182:
1092:
992:succeeds Hartshorn as Lord Privy Seal
389:Representation of the People Act 1918
7:
1740:Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
962:succeeds Thomas as Lord Privy Seal.
568:Housing (Rural Authorities) Act 1931
385:first past the post electoral system
349:prime minister of the United Kingdom
3183:Foreign Policy of the Labour Party,
3047:Britain Between the Wars, 1918–1940
3040:Essays in Labour History 1886–1923,
2904:Britain between the wars: 1918–1940
2645:What the Labour Government Has Done
2614:Asbestos: Medical and Legal Aspects
1580:President of the Board of Education
1484:Secretary of State for the Colonies
1169:Financial Secretary to the Treasury
911:President of the Board of Education
844:Secretary of State for the Colonies
467:London Passenger Transport Act 1933
2287:Entered the Cabinet 19 March 1931.
1673:Under-Secretary of State for India
25:
3057:Twentieth Century British History
2831:Chronicle of the Second World War
2403:. The Labour Party. October 1935.
2352:Higher School Certificate History
2325:deputy leader of the Labour Party
2274:Retained post during Macdonald's
2187:Vice-Chamberlain of the Household
1253:23 October 1930 –
3869:History of the Labour Party (UK)
3626:
3418:
3407:
3266:
3209:Government of the United Kingdom
3126:edited by Kevin Jefferys, (1999)
2989:, (London: Jonathan Cape 1977);
2050:Under-Secretary of State for War
1469:Under-Secretary of State for Air
618:Poor Prisoners' Defence Act 1930
540:Public Works Facilities Act 1930
423:. c. 34), which provided for a 7
110:
96:
41:
3904:Cabinets disestablished in 1931
3546:Derby–Disraeli III (Disraeli I)
1911:President of the Board of Trade
1869:Secretary of State for Scotland
1265:13 March 1931 –
902:President of the Board of Trade
884:Secretary of State for Scotland
599:Unemployment Insurance Act 1929
524:Unemployment Insurance Act 1930
505:Unemployment Insurance Act 1930
478:Unemployment Insurance Act 1929
447:Agricultural Marketing Act 1931
55:may be too short to adequately
3071:Dictionary of Labour Biography
2744:. International Labour Office.
2725:. International Labour Office.
2439:"Changing Britain (1760–1900)"
2253:18 July 1929 –
2241:18 July 1929 –
2172:Solicitor General for Scotland
1765:The Lord Ponsonby of Shulbrede
1241:27 June 1929 –
1229:27 June 1929 –
1217:11 June 1929 –
1205:11 June 1929 –
1193:11 June 1929 –
1035:Leader of the House of Commons
192:
65:provide an accessible overview
1:
3349:Pitt–Newcastle (Newcastle II)
1586:Sir Charles Philips Trevelyan
1284:7 June 1929 –
1146:7 June 1929 –
1086:7 June 1929 –
1071:Lord President of the Council
1046:5 June 1929 –
907:Sir Charles Philips Trevelyan
795:Lord President of the Council
494:Colonial Development Act 1929
359:had formed a government; the
3899:Cabinets established in 1929
3516:Who? Who? (Derby–Disraeli I)
3008:; doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/34704
2847:Wright, Tony; Carter, Matt.
2551:Derry, T. K.; Jarman, T. L.
2319:never acquired the title of
2217:Comptroller of the Household
1943:Secretary for Overseas Trade
1854:Assistant Postmaster General
1656:Secretary of State for India
1075:Leader of the House of Lords
866:Secretary of State for India
799:Leader of the House of Lords
669:public assistance committees
3909:1920s in the United Kingdom
3884:1930s in the United Kingdom
2966:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2013).
2526:"Philip Snowden: Biography"
2100:First Commissioner of Works
1371:Civil Lord of the Admiralty
1339:First Lord of the Admiralty
1135:Chancellor of the Exchequer
947:First Commissioner of Works
893:First Lord of the Admiralty
817:Chancellor of the Exchequer
626:Housing (Scotland) Act 1930
588:local education authorities
395:that needed the support of
3935:
3108:Williamson, Philip :
3103:English History: 1914–1945
2323:. He did however serve as
2202:Treasurer of the Household
2033:Secretary of State for War
1440:Secretary of State for Air
1174:Frederick Pethick-Lawrence
1031:First Lord of the Treasury
875:Secretary of State for Air
857:Secretary of State for War
29:
3842:
3794:Cameron–Clegg (Cameron I)
3405:
3219:First National Government
3215:
3206:
3198:
3176:Parliament and Revolution
3140:, Allen Lane, London 1972
2350:Hodge, B.; Mellor, W. L.
2215:
2200:
2185:
2170:
2155:
2115:
2098:
2031:
1981:
1941:
1926:
1909:
1867:
1852:
1813:
1798:
1723:
1706:
1654:
1639:
1622:
1607:
1482:
1467:
1369:
1354:
1337:
1322:
1305:
1290:
1271:
1167:
1152:
1133:
1069:
1052:
1025:
724:, a former member of the
657:Local Government Act 1929
556:Mental Treatment Act 1930
341:second MacDonald ministry
332:First National Government
109:
104:
95:
90:Second MacDonald ministry
3919:1929 in British politics
3190:Margaret Ethel MacDonald
2664:Two Years of Labour Rule
580:Officers' Training Corps
361:first MacDonald ministry
347:on his reappointment as
174:Prime Minister's history
149:People and organisations
137:24 August 1931
18:Second Labour government
3679:National Government III
3202:Second Baldwin ministry
3112:, Cambridge: CUP 1992;
3031:excerpt and text search
2249:The Lord Muir Mackenzie
920:Minister of Agriculture
773:June 1929 – August 1931
758:First National Ministry
663:. c. 17) abolished the
391:. MacDonald thus had a
322:Second Baldwin ministry
3889:Ministries of George V
3684:National Government IV
3674:National Government II
3394:Fox–North (Portland I)
3304:Stanhope–Sunderland II
3159:The Socialist Movement
3136:Barker, Bernard (ed.)
2829:Mercer, Derrik (ed.).
2425:Labour's First Century
1219: 23 October 1930
1148: 5 November 1931
984:enters the cabinet as
3669:National Government I
3616:Lloyd George I and II
3324:Broad Bottom I and II
3299:Stanhope–Sunderland I
3284:Godolphin–Marlborough
3045:Mowat, Charles Loch.
2902:Mowat, Charles Loch.
2719:The ILO Yearbook 1931
2243: 24 August 1931
1983:Minister of Transport
1662:William Wedgwood Benn
1286: 24 August 1931
1267: 23 August 1931
1255: 24 August 1931
1243: 24 August 1931
1231: 24 August 1931
1184:Lords of the Treasury
1088: 24 August 1931
1048: 24 August 1931
986:Minister of Transport
862:William Wedgwood Benn
532:Road Traffic Act 1930
363:held office in 1924.
302:1929 general election
230:287 / 615 (47%)
213:Status in legislature
184:Deputy Prime Minister
122:5 June 1929
3591:Salisbury III and IV
3491:Wellington Caretaker
3075:Politicos Publishing
3059:(2007) 18#1 pp 1–53.
3006:accessed 9 Sept 2012
2973:, Oxford: OUP 2002;
2932:Judge, Tony (2018).
2617:. Aspen Publishers.
1800:Minister of Pensions
1195: 13 March 1931
590:could offer to 50%.
3699:Churchill Caretaker
3606:Asquith I–III
3258:British governments
3178:, Labour Party 1919
3171:, Labour Party 1912
3094:Skidelsky, Robert.
3013:J. Ramsay MacDonald
2276:National Government
2237:The Earl De La Warr
2177:John Charles Watson
2147:Sir Stafford Cripps
2055:The Earl De La Warr
1958:Secretary for Mines
1933:Walter Robert Smith
1834:Hastings Lees-Smith
1598:Hastings Lees-Smith
1430:The Earl De La Warr
1420:Christopher Addison
1404:Christopher Addison
1207: 1 March 1931
964:Christopher Addison
417:Coal Mines Act 1930
393:minority government
3864:British ministries
3719:Macmillan I and II
3601:Campbell-Bannerman
3188:MacDonald, Ramsay
3181:MacDonald, Ramsay
3174:MacDonald, Ramsay
3167:MacDonald, Ramsay
3157:MacDonald, Ramsay
3069:Rosen, Greg (ed.)
2814:Jones, Stephen G.
2738:Annual Review 1930
2583:Wheels on the Road
2532:on 10 October 2011
2423:; Tiratsoo, Nick.
2255: 22 May 1930
2137:Sir James Melville
2122:Sir William Jowitt
1829:Postmaster General
1714:Margaret Bondfield
1708:Minister of Labour
1624:Minister of Health
1544:James Henry Thomas
1532:The Lord Passfield
1490:The Lord Passfield
1474:Frederick Montague
1313:John Robert Clynes
1100:James Henry Thomas
938:Minister of Health
929:Minister of Labour
925:Margaret Bondfield
737:Margaret Bondfield
734:Minister of Labour
726:Conservative Party
677:20 & 21 Geo. 5
661:19 & 20 Geo. 5
650:20 & 21 Geo. 5
638:20 & 21 Geo. 5
630:20 & 21 Geo. 5
622:20 & 21 Geo. 5
614:21 & 22 Geo. 5
603:20 & 21 Geo. 5
572:21 & 22 Geo. 5
560:20 & 21 Geo. 5
552:20 & 21 Geo. 5
544:20 & 21 Geo. 5
536:20 & 21 Geo. 5
528:20 & 21 Geo. 5
520:15 & 16 Geo. 5
509:20 & 21 Geo. 5
498:20 & 21 Geo. 5
490:20 & 21 Geo. 5
482:20 & 21 Geo. 5
471:23 & 24 Geo. 5
459:20 & 21 Geo. 5
451:21 & 22 Geo. 5
443:21 & 22 Geo. 5
421:20 & 21 Geo. 5
312:35th UK Parliament
247:Opposition leaders
241:Conservative Party
32:Macdonald ministry
3851:
3850:
3739:Wilson III and IV
3611:Asquith Coalition
3531:Derby–Disraeli II
3309:Walpole–Townshend
3225:
3224:
3216:Succeeded by
3185:Labour Party 1923
3153:978-0-245-54676-1
3083:978-1-902301-18-1
2917:Worley, Matthew.
2785:Hampton, Jameel.
2464:"Council housing"
2259:
2258:
2162:Craigie Aitchison
2132:Solicitor General
1805:Frederick Roberts
1775:Paymaster General
1745:Sir Oswald Mosley
997:List of ministers
835:Foreign Secretary
673:Poor Law Act 1930
632:. c. 40) and the
337:
336:
308:Legislature terms
82:
81:
16:(Redirected from
3926:
3914:Interwar Britain
3894:Ramsay MacDonald
3845:Current ministry
3632:
3630:
3629:
3424:
3422:
3421:
3411:
3272:
3270:
3269:
3251:
3244:
3237:
3228:
3199:Preceded by
3196:
3169:Labour and Peace
3087:Shepherd, John.
3027:Ramsay Macdonald
3011:Morgan, Austen:
2987:Ramsay MacDonald
2955:Carlton, David.
2938:
2937:
2929:
2923:
2922:
2914:
2908:
2907:
2899:
2890:
2889:
2886:Social Democracy
2881:
2875:
2874:
2866:
2853:
2852:
2844:
2835:
2834:
2826:
2820:
2819:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2782:
2776:
2775:
2770:Wrigley, Chris.
2767:
2761:
2760:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2733:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2714:
2708:
2705:
2699:
2690:
2684:
2683:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2659:
2650:
2649:
2640:
2629:
2628:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2581:Ellacott, S. E.
2578:
2572:
2571:
2563:
2557:
2556:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2537:
2528:. Archived from
2522:
2516:
2515:
2505:
2494:
2493:
2485:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2474:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2449:
2435:
2429:
2428:
2419:Tanner, Duncan;
2416:
2405:
2404:
2397:
2376:
2375:
2367:
2356:
2355:
2347:
2328:
2314:
2297:
2294:
2288:
2285:
2279:
2272:
2232:Lords in Waiting
2222:Thomas Henderson
2192:John Henry Hayes
2151:22 October 1930
2117:Attorney General
2080:Emanuel Shinwell
2017:1 December 1929
2003:The Earl Russell
1988:Herbert Morrison
1973:Emanuel Shinwell
1692:1 December 1929
1688:The Earl Russell
1630:Arthur Greenwood
1574:1 December 1929
1520:1 December 1929
1463:14 October 1930
1458:The Lord Amulree
1446:The Lord Thomson
1279:Arthur Henderson
1225:William Whiteley
1112:Vernon Hartshorn
1081:The Lord Parmoor
1041:Ramsay MacDonald
1012:
982:Herbert Morrison
960:Vernon Hartshorn
934:Arthur Greenwood
831:Arthur Henderson
634:Housing Act 1930
455:Housing Act 1930
432:
431:
427:
401:Great Depression
345:Ramsay MacDonald
261:House of Commons
237:Opposition party
231:
194:
168:Ramsay MacDonald
144:
142:
129:
127:
114:
100:
86:
77:
74:
68:
45:
37:
21:
3934:
3933:
3929:
3928:
3927:
3925:
3924:
3923:
3854:
3853:
3852:
3847:
3838:
3729:Wilson I and II
3704:Attlee I and II
3689:Chamberlain War
3636:
3627:
3625:
3620:
3476:Wellington–Peel
3446:All the Talents
3428:
3426:UK (GB and Ire)
3419:
3417:
3412:
3403:
3339:Pitt–Devonshire
3276:
3267:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3221:
3212:
3204:
3133:
3131:Primary sources
3101:Taylor, A.J.P.
3062:Riddell, Neil.
3025:Morgan, Kevin.
2984:Marquand, David
2949:Butler, David.
2946:
2944:Further reading
2941:
2931:
2930:
2926:
2916:
2915:
2911:
2901:
2900:
2893:
2883:
2882:
2878:
2869:Hopkins, Eric.
2868:
2867:
2856:
2846:
2845:
2838:
2828:
2827:
2823:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2799:
2798:
2794:
2784:
2783:
2779:
2769:
2768:
2764:
2755:Fraser, Derek.
2754:
2753:
2749:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2730:
2722:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2706:
2702:
2691:
2687:
2677:
2676:
2672:
2661:
2660:
2653:
2642:
2641:
2632:
2625:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2595:
2594:
2590:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2566:Hopkins, Eric.
2565:
2564:
2560:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2535:
2533:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2507:
2506:
2497:
2487:
2486:
2482:
2472:
2470:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2447:
2445:
2437:
2436:
2432:
2418:
2417:
2408:
2399:
2398:
2379:
2370:Harmer, Harry.
2369:
2368:
2359:
2349:
2348:
2341:
2337:
2332:
2331:
2315:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2300:
2295:
2291:
2286:
2282:
2273:
2269:
2254:
2242:
2106:George Lansbury
2090:William Sanders
2065:The Lord Marley
2013:Arthur Ponsonby
1901:Joseph Westwood
1891:Thomas Johnston
1875:William Adamson
1780:The Lord Arnold
1678:Drummond Shiels
1560:Arthur Ponsonby
1516:Drummond Shiels
1345:A. V. Alexander
1285:
1266:
1261:Henry Charleton
1254:
1242:
1230:
1218:
1206:
1194:
1189:Charles Edwards
1147:
1124:Thomas Johnston
1094:Lord Privy Seal
1087:
1073:
1060:The Lord Sankey
1054:Lord Chancellor
1047:
1033:
1029:
999:
990:Thomas Johnston
978:H.B. Lees-Smith
969:October 1930 –
955:
943:George Lansbury
889:A. V. Alexander
880:William Adamson
808:Lord Privy Seal
786:Lord Chancellor
775:
770:
746:
702:George Lansbury
688:Scottish Office
429:
425:
424:
413:
369:
288:
285:
278:
264:
257:
255:Stanley Baldwin
232:
229:
227:
224:Liberal support
220:
198:86 appointments
140:
138:
125:
123:
91:
78:
72:
69:
62:
50:This article's
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3932:
3930:
3922:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3856:
3855:
3849:
3848:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3640:
3638:
3637:(1922–present)
3634:UK (GB and NI)
3622:
3621:
3619:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3432:
3430:
3414:
3413:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3344:1757 Caretaker
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3280:
3278:
3262:
3261:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3246:
3239:
3231:
3223:
3222:
3217:
3214:
3205:
3200:
3194:
3193:
3186:
3179:
3172:
3165:
3155:
3141:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3127:
3120:
3106:
3099:
3092:
3085:
3067:
3060:
3053:
3043:
3033:
3023:
3009:
2998:
2981:
2969:Howell, David
2967:
2960:
2953:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2939:
2924:
2909:
2891:
2884:Vaizey, John.
2876:
2854:
2836:
2821:
2806:
2792:
2777:
2762:
2747:
2728:
2709:
2700:
2685:
2670:
2651:
2630:
2623:
2603:
2596:Hassan, John.
2588:
2573:
2558:
2543:
2517:
2509:Cole, G. D. H.
2495:
2488:Scott, Peter.
2480:
2455:
2430:
2406:
2377:
2357:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2289:
2280:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2228:
2227:
2224:
2219:
2213:
2212:
2209:
2204:
2198:
2197:
2194:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2179:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2164:
2159:
2153:
2152:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2139:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2124:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2109:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2082:
2077:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2057:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2042:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2025:
2023:John Parkinson
2019:
2018:
2015:
2009:
2008:
2005:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1990:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1965:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1950:
1948:George Gillett
1945:
1939:
1938:
1935:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1920:
1917:William Graham
1913:
1907:
1906:
1905:25 March 1931
1903:
1897:
1896:
1893:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1878:
1871:
1865:
1864:
1861:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1844:Clement Attlee
1840:
1839:
1836:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1807:
1802:
1796:
1795:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1782:
1777:
1771:
1770:
1769:13 March 1931
1767:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1755:Clement Attlee
1751:
1750:
1747:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1732:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1702:13 March 1931
1700:
1698:The Lord Snell
1694:
1693:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1680:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1648:
1646:Susan Lawrence
1643:
1637:
1636:
1633:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1616:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1601:
1593:
1592:
1589:
1582:
1576:
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1566:
1565:
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1557:
1551:
1550:
1547:
1539:
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1528:
1522:
1521:
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1512:
1511:
1508:
1503:
1497:
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1493:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1471:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1422:
1417:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1399:
1398:
1395:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1378:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1363:
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1027:Prime Minister
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898:William Graham
895:
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840:Lord Passfield
837:
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826:Home Secretary
819:
813:Philip Snowden
810:
801:
788:
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771:
769:
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745:
742:
730:Philip Snowden
665:workhouse test
463:slum clearance
412:
409:
405:hunger marches
368:
365:
343:was formed by
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59:the key points
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3021:0-7190-2168-5
3018:
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2999:
2996:
2995:0-224-01295-9
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2697:Pauline Gregg
2694:
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2468:UK Parliament
2465:
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2443:www.bbc.co.uk
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2226:24 June 1929
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2210:
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2199:
2196:24 June 1929
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2181:17 June 1929
2180:
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2166:17 June 1929
2165:
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2160:
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2157:Lord Advocate
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2058:
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2027:1 March 1931
2026:
2024:
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2020:
2016:
2014:
2011:
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2007:11 June 1929
2006:
2004:
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1937:11 June 1929
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1925:
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1396:
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1383:
1380:11 June 1929
1379:
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1374:
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1368:
1365:11 June 1929
1364:
1362:
1361:Charles Ammon
1359:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1333:11 June 1929
1332:
1330:
1327:
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1301:11 June 1929
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1240:
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1234:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1216:
1214:
1213:Alfred Barnes
1211:
1210:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1181:
1178:11 June 1929
1177:
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1166:
1163:14 June 1929
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1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1017:
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1008:
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987:
983:
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976:March 1931 –
975:
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743:
741:
738:
735:
731:
727:
723:
722:Oswald Mosley
718:
715:
711:
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703:
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689:
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512:
510:
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501:
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479:
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468:
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460:
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444:
440:
434:
422:
418:
410:
408:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
377:Conservatives
374:
366:
364:
362:
358:
354:
353:King George V
350:
346:
342:
333:
330:
326:
323:
320:
316:
313:
310:
306:
303:
300:
296:
291:
284:
283:
276:
275:Lord Hailsham
272:
269:
266:
263:
262:
256:
252:
251:
249:
245:
242:
239:
235:
226:
225:
222:dependent on
219:
215:
211:
208:
205:
201:
197:
189:
186:
182:
179:
176:
172:
169:
166:
162:
159:
156:
152:
147:
136:
132:
121:
117:
113:
108:
103:
99:
94:
87:
84:
76:
66:
60:
58:
53:
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
3759:Thatcher III
3724:Douglas-Home
3664:MacDonald II
3663:
3581:Gladstone IV
3576:Salisbury II
3561:Gladstone II
3526:Palmerston I
3501:Melbourne II
3364:Rockingham I
3207:
3189:
3182:
3175:
3168:
3158:
3144:
3137:
3123:
3109:
3102:
3095:
3088:
3070:
3063:
3056:
3046:
3039:
3036:Mowat, C. L.
3026:
3012:
3001:
2986:
2970:
2963:
2956:
2950:
2933:
2927:
2918:
2912:
2903:
2885:
2879:
2870:
2848:
2830:
2824:
2815:
2809:
2800:
2795:
2786:
2780:
2771:
2765:
2756:
2750:
2737:
2731:
2718:
2712:
2703:
2692:
2688:
2679:
2673:
2663:
2644:
2613:
2606:
2597:
2591:
2582:
2576:
2567:
2561:
2552:
2546:
2534:. Retrieved
2530:the original
2520:
2511:
2489:
2483:
2471:. Retrieved
2467:
2458:
2446:. Retrieved
2442:
2433:
2424:
2400:
2371:
2351:
2317:J. R. Clynes
2312:
2292:
2283:
2270:
2141:7 June 1929
2126:7 June 1929
2111:7 June 1929
2104:
2094:5 June 1930
2069:5 June 1930
2044:7 June 1929
2037:
1992:7 June 1929
1977:5 June 1930
1967:1 June 1929
1952:7 July 1929
1922:7 June 1929
1915:
1895:7 June 1929
1880:7 June 1929
1873:
1863:7 July 1929
1859:Samuel Viant
1838:7 June 1929
1819:
1809:7 June 1929
1789:
1784:7 June 1929
1759:23 May 1930
1749:7 June 1929
1719:7 June 1929
1712:
1667:7 June 1929
1660:
1635:7 June 1929
1628:
1614:Morgan Jones
1596:
1591:7 June 1929
1584:
1570:William Lunn
1549:5 June 1930
1542:
1537:7 June 1929
1530:
1506:William Lunn
1495:7 June 1929
1488:
1456:
1451:7 June 1929
1444:
1434:5 June 1930
1409:5 June 1930
1402:
1397:7 June 1929
1390:
1350:7 June 1929
1343:
1329:Alfred Short
1318:7 June 1929
1311:
1277:
1139:
1122:
1117:5 June 1930
1110:
1105:7 June 1929
1098:
1079:
1065:7 June 1929
1058:
1039:
1006:
1000:
971:Lord Amulree
871:Lord Thomson
822:J. R. Clynes
804:J. H. Thomas
791:Lord Parmoor
762:
755:
751:
747:
719:
706:Tom Johnston
700:
696:J. H. Thomas
692:
685:
681:
654:
642:
607:
596:
592:
584:
576:
564:
513:
502:
475:
435:
414:
397:Lloyd George
370:
357:Labour Party
340:
338:
279:
258:
221:
207:Labour Party
203:Member party
83:
70:
54:
52:lead section
3754:Thatcher II
3654:MacDonald I
3566:Salisbury I
3556:Disraeli II
3551:Gladstone I
3486:Melbourne I
3451:Portland II
3429:(1801–1922)
3334:Newcastle I
3329:Short-lived
3277:(1707–1801)
2536:14 November
2473:5 September
2448:5 September
2039:Thomas Shaw
1730:Jack Lawson
1392:Noel Buxton
1376:George Hall
1297:Hugh Dalton
1159:Tom Kennedy
1003:the Cabinet
1001:Members of
916:Noel Buxton
853:Thomas Shaw
782:Lord Sankey
710:Loch Lomond
318:Predecessor
277:(1930–1931)
270:(1929–1930)
119:Date formed
73:August 2016
3858:Categories
3819:Johnson II
3799:Cameron II
3749:Thatcher I
3659:Baldwin II
3541:Russell II
3213:1929–1931
3143:Cox, Jane
3073:, London:
2421:Thane, Pat
2335:References
1963:Ben Turner
562:. c. 23).
367:Background
195:of members
141:1931-08-24
126:1929-06-05
3814:Johnson I
3784:Blair III
3744:Callaghan
3649:Baldwin I
3511:Russell I
3461:Liverpool
3436:Addington
3389:Shelburne
3359:Grenville
3294:Townshend
2207:Ben Smith
714:Aberfoyle
328:Successor
178:1929–1935
105:1929–1931
57:summarize
3779:Blair II
3769:Major II
3586:Rosebery
3521:Aberdeen
3471:Goderich
3456:Perceval
3319:Carteret
3049:(1955).
3015:, 1987;
373:majority
298:Election
218:Minority
158:George V
3834:Starmer
3774:Blair I
3764:Major I
3596:Balfour
3506:Peel II
3466:Canning
3441:Pitt II
3374:Grafton
3369:Chatham
3314:Walpole
3161:(1911)
3098:(1967).
3091:(2012).
3066:(1999).
2959:(2014).
1015:Office
1005:are in
953:Changes
768:Cabinet
428:⁄
381:Liberal
293:History
280:in the
259:in the
154:Monarch
139: (
124: (
3809:May II
3631:
3496:Peel I
3423:
3399:Pitt I
3289:Harley
3271:
3192:, 1924
3163:online
3151:
3116:
3105:(1965)
3081:
3077:2001;
3051:online
3029:(2006)
3019:
2993:
2977:
2621:
1820:vacant
1790:vacant
1009:face.
411:Policy
191:Total
3829:Sunak
3824:Truss
3804:May I
3789:Brown
3734:Heath
3379:North
2742:(PDF)
2723:(PDF)
2304:Notes
2262:Notes
1021:Date
1018:Name
3714:Eden
3481:Grey
3354:Bute
3149:ISBN
3114:ISBN
3079:ISBN
3017:ISBN
2991:ISBN
2975:ISBN
2619:ISBN
2538:2011
2475:2019
2450:2019
1007:bold
846:and
797:and
744:Fate
655:The
608:The
597:The
514:The
339:The
3644:Law
2695:by
351:by
193:no.
3860::
2894:^
2857:^
2839:^
2654:^
2633:^
2498:^
2466:.
2441:.
2409:^
2380:^
2360:^
2342:^
988:.
945:–
936:–
927:–
918:–
909:–
900:–
891:–
882:–
873:–
864:–
855:-
842:–
833:–
824:–
815:–
806:–
793:–
784:–
407:.
3250:e
3243:t
3236:v
2936:.
2921:.
2906:.
2888:.
2873:.
2851:.
2833:.
2818:.
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2759:.
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2427:.
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2327:.
2278:.
675:(
659:(
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518:(
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34:.
20:)
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