977:
instead of addressing tax-collection problems directly, he had taken out another huge loan—a so-called "reorganization loan"—of over £25 million (approximately $ 100 million) from a consortium of foreign banks. Yuan interpreted these bitter protests as personal attacks and resolved to strike back. In early May 1913, he dismissed the leading pro-Guomindang military governors. In heavy fighting that summer, troops loyal to the
Guomindang were routed by Yuan's forces, and in September, Nanjing was taken for Yuan by the reactionary general Zhang Xun, whose troops still wore their Manchu queues. In October, Yuan forced the members of Parliament to elect him president for a five-year term. (It took three ballots before he won a majority, however.) Finally, calling the Guomindang a seditious organization, he ordered the dissolution of the party and the eviction of its remaining members from Parliament. At the end of November, Sun Yat-sen left China for Japan, driven once more into exile from his own country, his republican dreams in ruins.
316:
305:
294:
283:
272:
259:
159:
247:
236:
225:
214:
203:
192:
179:
104:
1302:
1290:
601:
865:
Seeing the situation for his party worsen, Sun Yat-sen fled to Japan in
November 1913. Subsequently, Yuan gradually took over the government, using the military as the base of his power. He dissolved the national and provincial assemblies, and the House of Representatives and Senate were replaced by
891:
was formally dissolved. To give his government a semblance of legitimacy, Yuan convened a body of 66 men from his cabinet who, on 1 May 1914, produced a "constitutional compact" that effectively replaced China's provisional constitution. The new legal status quo gave Yuan, as president, practically
496:
were undeserving of the posts of presidency and vice presidency, because they acquired the posts through political maneuvering rather than participation in the revolutionary movement. Lastly, Yuan's use of violence (such as Song's assassination) dashed the
Kuomintang's hope of achieving reforms and
907:
in
Chinese) carrying his portrait was introduced. This coin type was the first "dollar" coin of the central authorities of the Republic of China to be minted in significant quantities. It became a staple silver coin type during the first half of the 20th century and was struck for the last time as
976:
When the other
Guomindang delegates had assembled in Parliament, they pressed to gain control over Yuan, to develop a permanent constitution, and to hold a full and open presidential election. The Guomindang members, in particular, were intensely critical of Yuan's handling of national finances:
733:
would be successful in this and defeated Xiong Kewu's forces. On the 8th He
Haiming declared independence in Nanjing a second time, however that evening Chen Juhe went to Nanjing's 8th Division headquarters and cancelled the declaration. The next day Sun Daoren cancelled Fujian independence via
883:
The KMT's "Second
Revolution" ended in failure as Yuan's troops achieved complete victory over revolutionary uprisings. Provincial governors with KMT loyalties who remained willingly submitted to Yuan. Because those commanders not loyal to Yuan were effectively removed from power, the Second
491:
from different provinces were disbanded after the establishment of the
Republic of China, and many officers and soldiers felt that they were not compensated for toppling the Qing Dynasty. These factors gave rise to much discontent against the new government among the military. Secondly, many
438:
was assassinated in March 1913. Some people believe that Yuan Shikai was responsible, and although it has never been proven, he had already arranged the assassination of several pro-revolutionist generals. Animosity towards Yuan grew. In April he secured a
Reorganization Loan of 25 million
874:
for
English translation and connections with western powers. Finally, Yuan had himself elected president to a five-year term, publicly labelled the KMT a seditious organization, ordered the KMT's dissolution, and evicted all its members from Parliament.
895:
After his victory, Yuan reorganized the provincial governments. Each province was supported by a military governor (都督) as well as a civil authority, giving each governor control of their own army. This helped lay the foundations for the
842:, and the major powers extended recognition to his government. Duan Qirui and other trusted Beiyang generals were given prominent positions in the cabinet. To achieve international recognition, Yuan Shikai had to agree to autonomy for
892:
unlimited powers over China's military, finances, foreign policy, and the rights of China's citizens. Yuan justified these reforms by stating that representative democracy had been proven inefficient by political infighting.
831:
and his Ji Army entered Chongqing and the Second Revolution was defeated in its entirety. After the failure of the Second Revolution, Sun Yat Sen again fled the country and re-established the
484:), which was composed of constitutional monarchists and supported Yuan, accused the Kuomintang of fomenting an insurrection. Yuan then decided to use military action against the Kuomintang.
1321:
958:
Jianyong, Feng. "The 1911 Revolution and the Frontier: The 'Political Game' and 'State-Building' in Outer Mongolia during the 1911 Revolution 辛亥革命とフロンティア 外モンゴルにおける政治のゲームと国家建設." (2014).
1490:
462:
and restricted Chinese right to station troops there. Kuomintang members of the Parliament accused Yuan of abusing his rights and called for his removal. On the other hand, the
1702:
1038:
1030:
1716:
1480:
1670:
1430:
888:
1279:
1102:
1012:
444:
620:
independence. Jiangsu Governor Cheng Dequan was named commander of southern forces, however Cheng declined the offer and fled to Shanghai.
1548:
1400:
927:
839:
389:
82:
1917:
1231:
1941:
1217:
1410:
1688:
1053:
741:. On August 7, Hu Wantai revolted against Anhui in support of Beiyang and On August 11 took control of the provincial capital of
1366:
467:
343:
1543:
1951:
1510:
1833:
1588:
1765:
1725:
1500:
1204:
945:
Hirata Koji, "Britain's Men on the Spot in China: John Jordan, Yuan Shikai, and the Reorganization Loan, 1912–1914."
748:
On August 11, He Haiming again declared independence in Nanjing, and led 2000 soldiers in a bloody battle against the
381:
670:
1827:
1692:
487:
There were several underlying reasons for the Second Revolution besides Yuan's abuse of power. First was that most
1470:
1272:
1257:
1071:
463:
827:
On September 11, Xiong Kewu abandoned Chongqing, dispersed his forces, assumed an alias and fled. The next day,
1640:
1630:
455:
646:
responded to Sun's plea to declare Guangdong's independence. On July 19, Sun Daoren and Xu Zhongzhi announced
1898:
1370:
1209:
1570:
1936:
1574:
1450:
488:
1751:
859:
784:
were dispersed. On August 18, the Beiyang Army under command of Li Chun captured Nanchang. On August 19,
1795:
1420:
388:. It was quickly defeated by Yuan's armies and led to the continued consolidation of Yuan's powers as
1956:
1265:
835:
1460:
1946:
1684:
1609:
1439:
692:
where Li Yaohan of the Zhaoqing army joined him on the 30th and then on August 3, His army entered
535:
1875:
1870:
1736:
1521:
1390:
1356:
1336:
396:
377:
164:
628:
558:
207:
1650:
1619:
1584:
1213:
1098:
1008:
996:
959:
922:
752:. On August 11, Long Jiguang's forces began the attack on Guangzhou. August 13, the pro-Yuan
574:
511:
419:
309:
28:
753:
1747:
1660:
1614:
1532:
1434:
693:
415:
411:
365:
1775:
1855:
1823:
1761:
1301:
1238:
1199:
1094:
1004:
821:
703:
669:
and retreated to Nanjing. From the 22nd to 28th anti-Qing forces attempted to capture the
440:
870:, his trusted Beiyang lieutenant, as Prime Minister. He relied on the American-educated
1885:
1880:
1865:
1720:
1712:
1680:
1297:
843:
832:
797:
707:
699:
643:
633:
554:
459:
218:
1057:
569:. At the behest of Jiujiang garrison commander Chen Tingxun, on July 3, Yuan sent the
1930:
1860:
1840:
917:
662:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1552:
904:
871:
773:
757:
749:
730:
685:
678:
674:
658:
594:
570:
523:
448:
435:
298:
1785:
1598:
1380:
1293:
897:
805:
738:
562:
539:
493:
385:
369:
264:
184:
69:
1890:
867:
828:
817:
813:
785:
769:
726:
639:
609:
443:
from Great Britain, France, Russia, Germany and Japan, without consulting the
373:
320:
287:
240:
196:
1177:
1163:
1149:
1125:
1850:
1845:
801:
761:
714:
666:
590:
546:
531:
276:
251:
229:
134:
1289:
812:. At this point every province had repealed independence, so Sun Yat Sen,
851:
838:. In October 1913 an intimidated parliament formally elected Yuan Shikai
689:
527:
122:
809:
781:
718:
617:
613:
600:
578:
515:
149:
117:
112:
854:, but it would have to allow Russia a free hand in Outer Mongolia and
777:
742:
722:
654:
647:
475:
351:
139:
542:. Some modern scholars have rehabilitated Li Liejun in this light.
1232:"袁大头. Yuan Shi-kai Dollar: 'Fat Man Dollar' Forgeries and Remints"
847:
789:
765:
624:
599:
566:
550:
519:
315:
304:
293:
282:
271:
258:
144:
129:
855:
793:
1261:
364:
refers to a 1913 revolt by the governors of several southern
677:
was able to resist the attack with assistance from the
908:
late as the 1950s. They were also extensively forged.
458:
with Russia that granted Russia special privileges in
729:
and his army into Sichuan to suppress the rebellion.
406:
because it occurred in 1913, the stem-branch year of
1791:
1781:
1771:
1757:
1743:
1731:
1708:
1698:
1676:
1666:
1656:
1646:
1636:
1626:
1604:
1594:
1580:
1566:
1538:
1528:
1516:
1506:
1496:
1486:
1476:
1466:
1456:
1446:
1426:
1416:
1406:
1396:
1386:
1376:
1362:
1352:
1342:
1332:
638:, declared his province's independence. On the 18,
772:took to telegram to cancel independence, also the
653:On July 22, anti-Yuan forces were defeated around
565:made mass arrests of underground party leaders in
530:. On June 9, President Yuan removed KMT supporter
45:(Main incidents between July 12 and September 12)
698:On July 31, Ni Sichong's Beiyang force attacked
900:that crippled China over the next two decades.
21:
860:Britain continuation of its influence in Tibet
616:, organized an anti-Yuan force, and announced
505:
1273:
903:During Yuan's presidency, a silver "dollar" (
792:. He then reached Anqing on the 25th, Taking
642:announced Shanghai independence. On July 18,
8:
1027:李列钧在江西一带实行政治和经济改革，整顿财政、选派留学生出国、并捉捕了彭木香等匪徒。見：
796:on the 28th, and sending Hu Wantai to enter
549:(Kuomintang) was appointed to a position in
506:Yuan Shikai's actions against KMT supporters
737:On August 5 16:00, Beiyang forces captured
447:first. The loan was used to finance Yuan's
1717:Warlord Rebellion in northeastern Shandong
1311:
1280:
1266:
1258:
866:the newly formed "Council of State", with
561:(KMT) was also dismissed, on the same day
492:revolutionaries felt that Yuan Shikai and
18:
497:political goals through electoral means.
399:was concurrent to the Second Revolution.
545:June 13, Military Governor of Guangdong
1237:(in German and English). Archived from
938:
585:Southern Provinces declare independence
1703:Third Red Spears' uprising in Shandong
1563:
1329:
75:Parliament and constitution dissolved
7:
991:
989:
987:
985:
538:, he was replaced by Vice President
1401:Constitutional Protection Movement
1054:"1913年江西进入北洋军阀黑暗统治时期 都督李纯大肆搜刮在天津建"
928:Constitutional Protection Movement
884:Revolution cemented Yuan's power.
840:President of the Republic of China
390:President of the Republic of China
78:Provincial governments reorganized
14:
721:independent. Yuan Shikai ordered
16:1913 revolt of southern provinces
1689:Looting of the Eastern Mausoleum
1549:Canton Merchants' Corps Uprising
1300:
1288:
780:, and later anti-Yuan forces in
454:On May 20, 1913, Yuan concluded
314:
303:
292:
281:
270:
257:
245:
234:
223:
212:
201:
190:
177:
157:
102:
1620:Nationalist-Communist Civil War
1095:北伐秘史，上冊第11頁，劉秉榮著，知識出版社，1995年第1版
671:Manufactural Bureau of Jiangnan
402:The failed revolution is named
597:Proclaimed Jiangxi independent
573:6th Division under command of
480:
471:
422:occurred in 1911, the year of
356:
347:
1:
1918:Republic of China (1912–1949)
1367:Empire of China (Yuan Shikai)
1451:Occupation of Outer Mongolia
650:independence over telegram.
1766:Soviet invasion of Xinjiang
1501:Washington Naval Conference
1205:The Search for Modern China
593:returned to Jiangxi and at
65:Beiyang Government victory
1973:
1828:National Pacification Army
1693:Northeast Flag Replacement
1599:Zhongshan Warship Incident
1296:and warlordism during the
788:'s Beiyang forces entered
557:. June 30, Anhui Governor
514:led the 8th Division from
1915:
1544:Second Zhili–Fengtian War
1491:1st National CPC Congress
1481:Spirit Soldier rebellions
1309:
972:In Search of Modern China
800:on the 29th. September 1
688:'s forces headed towards
368:as well as supporters of
331:
326:
170:
94:
34:
26:
1942:20th-century revolutions
1671:Muslim conflict in Gansu
1641:Shanghai Commune of 1927
1631:Nanking incident of 1927
1511:First Zhili–Fengtian War
1230:Meyerhofer, Adi (2013).
850:. China was still to be
710:fell to Beiyang forces.
510:In the beginning of May
42:22 March–4 November 1913
1589:Canton–Hong Kong strike
1371:National Protection War
1210:W.W. Norton and Company
725:'s general and warlord
604:Portrait of Xiong Kewu
522:, and also brought his
362:the Guichou Revolution,
1575:May Thirtieth Movement
1431:Paris Peace Conference
1056:. 江西晨報. Archived from
605:
171:Commanders and leaders
1471:Guangdong–Guangxi War
1421:Siberian intervention
949:47.3 (2013): 895–934.
764:. On the same day in
603:
553:, he was replaced by
27:Part of aftermath of
1952:Revolutions in China
1726:Sino-Soviet conflict
1381:Death of Yuan Shikai
947:Modern Asian Studies
836:Revive China Society
717:Xiong Kewu declared
661:2nd Division led by
489:Revolutionary Armies
1685:Huanggutun incident
1615:Nanjing–Wuhan Split
1610:Northern Expedition
1440:May Fourth Movement
1200:Spence, Jonathan D.
536:Governor of Jiangxi
414:of the traditional
108:Southern provinces
1737:Central Plains War
1571:Yunnan–Guangxi War
1522:First United Front
1391:Manchu Restoration
1357:Twenty-One Demands
1337:Bai Lang Rebellion
1114:《剑桥中华民国史》第四章（二次革命）
1076:www.itaiwannews.cn
1052:向祎华 (2014-02-27).
889:China's Parliament
734:telegram message.
606:
434:Kuomintang leader
397:Bai Lang Rebellion
378:Beiyang Government
165:Beiyang Government
1924:
1923:
1910:
1909:
1801:
1800:
1752:Qinghai–Tibet War
1651:Shanghai massacre
1585:Anti-Fengtian War
1558:
1557:
1347:Second Revolution
1103:978-7-5015-1296-6
1014:978-957-32-4680-0
923:Xinhai Revolution
887:In January 1914,
464:Progressive Party
420:Xinhai Revolution
382:Republic of China
366:Chinese provinces
360:), also known as
340:Second Revolution
336:
335:
90:
89:
46:
29:Xinhai Revolution
22:Second Revolution
1964:
1902:
1899:Communist Party
1894:
1748:Sino-Tibetan War
1661:July 15 Incident
1564:
1533:Lincheng Outrage
1435:Shandong Problem
1411:Golok rebellions
1330:
1312:
1304:
1292:
1282:
1275:
1268:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1249:
1243:
1236:
1227:
1221:
1197:
1191:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1136:
1121:
1115:
1112:
1106:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1082:
1068:
1062:
1061:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1034:
1025:
1019:
1018:
993:
980:
979:
968:
962:
956:
950:
943:
760:took control of
694:Sanshui District
637:
482:
473:
416:Chinese calendar
412:sexagenary cycle
358:
349:
319:
318:
308:
307:
297:
296:
286:
285:
275:
274:
262:
261:
250:
249:
248:
239:
238:
237:
228:
227:
226:
217:
216:
215:
206:
205:
204:
195:
194:
193:
182:
181:
180:
163:
161:
160:
107:
106:
105:
81:China becomes a
44:
36:
35:
19:
1972:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1961:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1920:
1911:
1906:
1900:
1892:
1802:
1762:Kumul Rebellion
1724:
1715:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1617:
1613:
1587:
1573:
1559:
1551:
1547:
1461:Zhili–Anhui War
1437:
1433:
1369:
1305:
1286:
1256:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1234:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1198:
1194:
1189:
1185:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1134:
1132:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1109:
1093:
1089:
1080:
1078:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1036:
1035:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1015:
995:
994:
983:
970:
969:
965:
957:
953:
944:
940:
936:
914:
881:
713:On August 4 in
706:. On August 2,
704:Huaiyuan County
631:
587:
508:
503:
441:pounds sterling
432:
313:
312:
302:
301:
291:
290:
280:
279:
269:
268:
256:
246:
244:
243:
235:
233:
232:
224:
222:
221:
213:
211:
210:
202:
200:
199:
191:
189:
188:
178:
176:
158:
156:
103:
101:
56:
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1970:
1968:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1929:
1928:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1896:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1798:
1796:War in Ningxia
1793:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1779:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1768:
1759:
1755:
1754:
1745:
1741:
1740:
1733:
1729:
1728:
1721:Beijing Revolt
1713:Chiang-Gui War
1710:
1706:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1695:
1681:Jinan incident
1678:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1654:
1653:
1648:
1644:
1643:
1638:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1624:
1623:
1606:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1592:
1591:
1582:
1578:
1577:
1568:
1562:
1560:
1556:
1555:
1540:
1536:
1535:
1530:
1526:
1525:
1518:
1514:
1513:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1498:
1494:
1493:
1488:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1474:
1473:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1458:
1454:
1453:
1448:
1444:
1443:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1414:
1413:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1398:
1394:
1393:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1373:
1364:
1360:
1359:
1354:
1350:
1349:
1344:
1340:
1339:
1334:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1319:
1316:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1298:Nanjing decade
1287:
1285:
1284:
1277:
1270:
1262:
1255:
1254:
1222:
1192:
1183:
1178:""倪嗣冲与安徽二次革命""
1169:
1155:
1141:
1116:
1107:
1087:
1063:
1060:on 2014-07-15.
1044:
1031:"李烈钧督赣期间的得失探析"
1020:
1013:
981:
963:
951:
937:
935:
932:
931:
930:
925:
920:
913:
910:
880:
877:
844:Outer Mongolia
833:secret society
644:Chen Jiongming
586:
583:
555:Chen Jiongming
507:
504:
502:
499:
460:Outer Mongolia
431:
428:
418:, just as the
334:
333:
329:
328:
324:
323:
254:
219:Chen Jiongming
173:
172:
168:
167:
154:
153:
152:
147:
142:
137:
132:
127:
126:
125:
115:
97:
96:
92:
91:
88:
87:
86:
85:
79:
76:
73:
72:flees to Japan
62:
58:
57:
55:Southern China
54:
52:
48:
47:
40:
32:
31:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1969:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1937:1913 in China
1935:
1934:
1932:
1919:
1914:
1903:
1897:
1895:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1797:
1794:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1767:
1763:
1760:
1756:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1727:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1711:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1697:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1679:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1616:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1579:
1576:
1572:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1436:
1432:
1429:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1375:
1372:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1283:
1278:
1276:
1271:
1269:
1264:
1263:
1260:
1244:on 2016-03-03
1240:
1233:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1218:0-393-97351-4
1215:
1211:
1207:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1193:
1187:
1184:
1179:
1173:
1170:
1165:
1159:
1156:
1151:
1145:
1142:
1131:
1130:www.doc88.com
1127:
1120:
1117:
1111:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1091:
1088:
1077:
1073:
1067:
1064:
1059:
1055:
1048:
1045:
1040:
1039:"民初李烈钧在江西的改革"
1032:
1024:
1021:
1016:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
992:
990:
988:
986:
982:
978:
973:
967:
964:
961:
955:
952:
948:
942:
939:
933:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
918:1913 in China
916:
915:
911:
909:
906:
901:
899:
893:
890:
885:
878:
876:
873:
869:
863:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
834:
830:
825:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
746:
744:
740:
735:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
711:
709:
705:
702:and captured
701:
696:
695:
691:
687:
682:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
663:Feng Guozhang
660:
656:
651:
649:
645:
641:
635:
630:
626:
621:
619:
615:
611:
602:
598:
596:
592:
584:
582:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
543:
541:
537:
533:
529:
526:to reinforce
525:
521:
517:
513:
500:
498:
495:
490:
485:
483:
477:
469:
465:
461:
457:
452:
450:
446:
442:
437:
429:
427:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
400:
398:
393:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
353:
345:
341:
330:
325:
322:
317:
311:
306:
300:
295:
289:
284:
278:
273:
267:
266:
260:
255:
253:
242:
231:
220:
209:
198:
187:
186:
175:
174:
169:
166:
155:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
124:
121:
120:
119:
116:
114:
111:
110:
109:
99:
98:
93:
84:
80:
77:
74:
71:
68:
67:
66:
63:
60:
59:
53:
50:
49:
41:
38:
37:
33:
30:
25:
20:
1735:
1618:
1608:
1553:Beijing Coup
1542:
1520:
1438:
1346:
1246:. Retrieved
1239:the original
1225:
1203:
1195:
1186:
1172:
1164:"倪嗣冲与安徽二次革命"
1158:
1144:
1133:. Retrieved
1129:
1119:
1110:
1090:
1079:. Retrieved
1075:
1066:
1058:the original
1047:
1023:
1000:
975:
971:
966:
954:
946:
941:
902:
894:
886:
882:
872:Tsai Tingkan
864:
826:
820:all fled to
774:Beiyang Navy
758:Long Jiguang
750:Beiyang Army
747:
736:
731:Long Jiguang
712:
697:
686:Long Jiguang
684:On July 26,
683:
679:Beiyang Navy
675:Beiyang Army
659:Beiyang Army
652:
623:On July 17,
622:
608:On July 15,
607:
588:
571:Beiyang Army
544:
524:crack troops
509:
486:
479:
453:
449:Beiyang Army
436:Song Jiaoren
433:
423:
410:(癸丑) in the
407:
403:
401:
394:
376:against the
361:
355:
339:
337:
299:Long Jiguang
263:
183:
100:
95:Belligerents
83:dictatorship
64:
1957:Sun Yat-sen
1891:Kuomintang
1876:New Guangxi
1871:Old Guangxi
1786:Two-Liu war
1776:Han–Liu War
1294:Warlord Era
1072:"二次革命中的李烈鈞"
1041:. 华南师范大学学报.
806:Wuwei Corps
739:Shou County
632: [
612:arrived at
589:On July 12
563:Li Yuanhong
540:Li Yuanhong
494:Li Yuanhong
386:Yuan Shikai
370:Sun Yat Sen
357:Èrcì Gémìng
265:Yuan Shikai
185:Sun Yat-sen
70:Sun Yat-sen
1947:Kuomintang
1931:Categories
1834:Zhili Army
1248:2019-09-20
1212:. p. 279.
1190:Bonavia 36
1135:2021-02-20
1081:2021-02-20
1029:李中福; 周望高.
934:References
898:warlordism
868:Duan Qirui
856:Tanna Tuva
829:Tang Jiyao
818:Chen Qimei
814:Huang Xing
786:Ni Sichong
770:Tan Yankai
727:Tang Jiyao
640:Chen Qimei
629:Bai Wenwei
610:Huang Xing
559:Bai Wenwei
445:parliament
430:Background
374:Kuomintang
321:Ni Sichong
288:Duan Qirui
241:Chen Qimei
208:Bai Wenwei
197:Huang Xing
1881:Guangdong
1846:Guominjun
1758:1931–1935
1744:1930–1932
1699:1928–1929
1667:1927–1930
1605:1926–1928
1581:1925–1926
1517:1923–1927
1497:1921–1922
1477:1920–1926
1467:1920–1921
1447:1919–1921
1417:1918–1920
1407:1917–1929
1397:1917–1922
1363:1915–1916
1333:1911–1914
1318:1925–1934
1315:1915–1924
1150:"龙济光治粤探究"
1126:"二次革命在广东"
1037:吴晓平、周望高.
1033:. 湖南师范大学.
879:Aftermath
808:captured
802:Zhang Xun
762:Guangzhou
715:Chongqing
667:Zhang Xun
627:governor
591:Li Liejun
547:Hu Hanmin
532:Li Liejun
481:Jìnbùdǎng
277:Zhang Xun
252:Li Liejun
230:Hu Hanmin
135:Guangdong
1856:Xinjiang
1824:Fengtian
1322:Factions
999:(2002).
912:See also
852:suzerain
798:Huizhou.
690:Zhaoqing
673:but the
528:Shanghai
408:guǐ-chǒu
372:and the
327:Strength
123:Shanghai
51:Location
1886:Guizhou
1866:Sichuan
1809:Beiyang
1719:(incl.
1202:(1999)
810:Nanjing
782:Jiading
756:led by
754:Ji Army
719:Sichuan
708:Fengtai
700:Fengtai
657:by the
618:Jiangsu
614:Nanjing
579:Jiangxi
575:Li Chun
516:Baoding
512:Li Chun
468:Chinese
424:xīn-hài
404:Guichou
384:led by
380:of the
344:Chinese
310:Li Chun
150:Sichuan
118:Jiangsu
113:Jiangxi
1861:Yunnan
1841:Shanxi
1216:
1124:道客巴巴.
1101:
1011:
1003:. 台北:
1001:《袁氏當國》
960:online
778:Wusong
743:Anqing
723:Yunnan
655:Xuzhou
648:Fujian
501:Events
478::
476:pinyin
470::
456:a deal
426:(辛亥).
354::
352:pinyin
346::
332:10,000
162:
140:Fujian
61:Result
1901:(CCP)
1893:(KMT)
1819:Zhili
1814:Anhui
1242:(PDF)
1235:(PDF)
848:Tibet
822:Japan
790:Hefei
776:took
766:Hunan
636:]
625:Anhui
595:hukou
577:into
567:Wuhan
551:Tibet
520:Wuhan
145:Hunan
130:Anhui
1792:1934
1782:1932
1772:1932
1732:1930
1709:1929
1677:1928
1657:1927
1647:1927
1637:1927
1627:1927
1595:1926
1567:1925
1539:1924
1529:1923
1507:1922
1487:1921
1457:1920
1427:1919
1387:1917
1377:1916
1353:1915
1343:1913
1214:ISBN
1099:ISBN
1009:ISBN
1005:遠流出版
905:yuan
858:and
846:and
794:Wuhu
665:and
395:The
348:二次革命
338:The
39:Date
997:唐德剛
804:'s
745:.
534:as
518:to
472:進步黨
1933::
1851:Ma
1830:)
1764:/
1750:/
1208:,
1128:.
1074:.
1007:.
984:^
974:.
862:.
824:.
816:,
768:,
681:.
634:zh
581:.
474:;
451:.
392:.
350:;
1826:(
1723:)
1281:e
1274:t
1267:v
1251:.
1220:.
1180:.
1166:.
1152:.
1138:.
1105:.
1097:，
1084:.
1017:.
466:(
342:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
