604:
464:
212:
33:
278:". After returning as Prime Minister, Churchill issued a note for the Cabinet on 29 November 1951 in which he listed Britain's foreign policy priorities as Commonwealth unity and consolidation, "fraternal association" of the English-speaking world (i.e., the Commonwealth and the US), and a "United Europe, to which we are a closely and specially-related ally and friend..... (it is) only when plans for uniting Europe take a federal form that we cannot take part, because we cannot subordinate ourselves or the control of British policy to federal authorities".
352:
595:
thought that he might not survive the weekend. Had Eden been fit, Churchill's premiership would most likely have been over. News of his illness was kept from the public and from
Parliament, who were told that Churchill was suffering from exhaustion. He went home to Chartwell to recuperate and it was not until November that he was fully recovered. Aware that he was slowing down both physically and mentally, he retired as prime minister in April 1955 and was succeeded by Eden.
562:
682:(EDC), hoping that this would allow controlled West German rearmament and enable American troop reductions. Churchill affected to believe that the proposed EDC would not work, scoffing at the supposed difficulties of language. Churchill asked in vain for a US military commitment to support Britain's position in Egypt and the Middle East (where the Truman Administration had recently pressured Attlee not to intervene against
834:
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96:
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Churchill had enjoyed a good political relationship with Truman but was uneasy about the election of
Eisenhower in November 1952 and told Colville soon afterwards that he feared war had just become more probable. By July 1953, he was deeply regretting that the Democrats had not been returned and told
307:
and said: "You know I have had many invitations to visit Ulster but I have refused them all. I don't want to go there at all, I would much rather go to southern
Ireland. Maybe I'll buy another horse with an entry in the Irish Derby". Churchill had happy childhood memories of Ireland from his father's
160:
The essence of
Churchill's view was that the Soviet Union did not want war with the western Allies but that its entrenched position in Eastern Europe had made it impossible for the three great powers to provide the world with a "triangular leadership". Churchill's desire was much closer collaboration
557:
Churchill was just short of his 77th birthday when he became prime minister again and he was not in good health. The main worry was that he had had a number of minor strokes and he was not heeding their warnings. In
December 1951, George VI had become concerned about Churchill's decline and resolved
325:
and added his personal thoughts, beliefs and experiences to the historical record as he interpreted it. Churchill traded the literary rights to his books in return for double the salary he made as Prime
Minister. Major points in Churchill's books included his disgust in the handling of Hitler prior
581:
Because of
Churchill's health and his evident inability to focus on paperwork, he was not expected to remain in office for more than a year or so, but he constantly delayed resignation until finally his health necessitated it. One of the main reasons for the delay was that his designated successor
524:
with a manifesto commitment to build 300,000 new houses per annum. Macmillan achieved his target and, in
October 1954, was promoted to replace Alexander at Defence. Housing was Churchill's only real domestic concern as he was preoccupied with foreign affairs. His government introduced some reforms
286:
Churchill continued to oppose the release of India from
British control. In a speech to the House of Commons in early March 1947, he warned against handing power to an India government too soon because he believed the political parties in India did not truly represent the people, and that in a few
155:
From
Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an Iron Curtain has descended across the continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of Central and Eastern Europe. Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade, Bucharest and Sofia, all these famous cities and
594:
Possibly because of the extra strain, Churchill suffered a serious stroke on the evening of 23 June 1953. Despite being partially paralysed down one side, he presided over a cabinet meeting the next morning without anybody noticing his incapacity. Thereafter his condition deteriorated, and it was
500:
with an overall majority of 17 seats and Churchill again became prime minister, remaining in office until his resignation on 5 April 1955. As in his wartime administration, he appointed himself as Minister of Defence, but only on a temporary basis. On 1 March 1952, he handed over to the reluctant
645:
The decline of the British Empire had been accelerated by the Second World War and the post-war Labour government pursued a policy of decolonisation. Churchill and his supporters believed that maintenance of Britain's position as a world power depended on the empire's continued existence. A key
861:
That this House desire to take this opportunity of marking the forthcoming retirement of the right honourable Gentleman the Member for Woodford by putting on record its unbounded admiration and gratitude for his services to Parliament, to the nation and to the world; remembers, above all, his
768:
and Clementine believed that many of his visits to the United States in the following years were attempts to help repair Anglo-American relations. Churchill reportedly said about Suez: "I would never have done it without squaring the Americans, and once I'd started I'd never have dared stop".
707:
After Stalin's death on 5 March 1953, Churchill proposed a summit meeting with the Soviets but Eisenhower refused out of fear that the Soviets would use it for propaganda. Churchill persisted with his view before and after his stroke, but Eisenhower and Dulles continued to discourage him. One
184:
and make it easy to handle the directionless Russia. The memorandum claims Churchill "stated that the only salvation for the civilization of the world would be if the President of the United States would declare Russia to be imperiling world peace and attack Russia". Russia would have been
866:
Churchill suffered his final stroke on 10 January 1965. He died nearly two weeks later on 24 January, which was the seventieth anniversary of his father's death. He was given a state funeral six days later on Saturday, 30 January, 1965, the first for a non-royal person since
716:
view of the Cold War, but this just added to Churchill's frustration. Churchill met Eisenhower to no avail at the Bermuda Conference in December 1953 and in June/July 1954 at the White House. At the latter, Churchill became annoyed about friction between Eden and Dulles over
666:, a guerrilla war fought by pro-independence fighters against Commonwealth forces, had begun in 1948 and continued past Malayan independence (1957) until 1960. Churchill's government maintained the military response to the crisis and adopted a similar strategy for the
74:
Churchill became Prime Minister for a second time. He continued to lead Britain but was to suffer increasingly from health problems. Aware that he was slowing down both physically and mentally, he resigned in April 1955. He continued to sit as MP for
243:. This would be centred around a Franco-German partnership, with Britain and the Commonwealth, and perhaps the United States of America, as "friends and sponsors of the new Europe". Churchill expressed similar sentiments during a meeting of the
813:
and broke his hip. He was flown home to a London hospital where he remained for three weeks. Jenkins says that Churchill was never the same after this accident and his last two years were something of a twilight period. In 1963, US President
628:
Apart from his determination to remain in office for as long as possible, Churchill's main preoccupation throughout his second premiership was with foreign affairs and especially Anglo-American relations. The catalyst for his concern was the
603:
755:
Following his stroke, Churchill carried on through 1954 until, aware that he was slowing down both physically and mentally, he retired as prime minister in April 1955 and was succeeded by Eden. Elizabeth II offered to create Churchill
590:
in June 1953 but, in response to Eden's illness, Churchill decided to increase his own responsibilities by taking over at the Foreign Office. Eden was incapacitated until the end of the year and was never completely well again.
862:
inspiration of the British people when they stood alone, and his leadership until victory was won; and offers its grateful thanks to the right honourable Gentleman for these outstanding services to this House and to the nation.
686:
in Iran); this did not meet with American approval as US commitment to the Middle East was seen as supporting British imperialism, and were unpersuaded that this would help prevent pro-Soviet regimes from coming to power.
658:, which took power in 1952. Much to Churchill's private dismay, agreement was reached in October 1954 on the phased evacuation of British troops from their Suez base. In addition, Britain agreed to terminate her rule in
704:, whom he distrusted. Churchill believed that Eisenhower did not fully comprehend the danger posed by the H-bomb: Churchill saw it in terms of horror, Eisenhower as merely the latest improvement in military firepower.
2133:
303:. You must get those fellows in the north in, though; you can't do it by force. There is not, and never was, any bitterness in my heart towards your country". In May 1951, he met Dulanty's successor
826:, but he was unable to attend the White House ceremony. There has been speculation that he became very depressed in his final years but this has been emphatically denied by his personal secretary
251:
on 18 May 1947. He declared: "Let Europe arise", but he was "absolutely clear" that "we shall allow no wedge to be driven between Britain and the United States". In 1948, he participated in the
2123:
558:
to broach the subject in the new year by asking Churchill to stand down in favour of Eden, but the King had his own serious health issues and died on 6 February without making the request.
534:
193:, recalled that he had already advocated a nuclear strike against the Soviets during a conversation in 1946. Later, Churchill was instrumental in giving France a permanent seat on the
2723:
2464:
2196:
633:
as he feared a global conflagration and he believed that the only way to preserve peace and freedom was to build on a solid foundation of friendship and co-operation (the "
2519:
2476:
772:
After leaving the premiership, Churchill never again spoke in the Commons, though he remained an MP and occasionally voted in parliamentary divisions. By the time of the
2761:
161:
between Britain and America, but he emphasised the need for co-operation within the framework of the United Nations Charter. Within the same speech, he called for "a
2717:
2546:
2524:
634:
760:, but this was declined as a result of the objections of his son Randolph, who would have inherited the title on his father's death. He did, however, accept the
274:" ("the absent are always wrong"). However, he still did not want Britain to actually join any federal grouping; nevertheless, he is listed today as one of the "
845:
On 27 July 1964, Churchill was present in the House of Commons for the last time, and one day later, on 28 July, a deputation headed by the Prime Minister, Sir
502:
2118:
463:
2175:
1744:
734:
526:
79:
until he retired from politics in 1964. Churchill died on 24 January 1965 and was granted the honour of a state funeral. He was buried in his family plot in
2766:
2385:
2090:
295:
It was during his opposition years that Churchill twice expounded his views on Ireland to successive Irish ambassadors in London. In November 1946, he met
2488:
830:, who was with him for his last ten years. Montague Browne wrote that he never heard Churchill refer to depression and certainly did not suffer from it.
211:
32:
2639:
2588:
2454:
2330:
2140:
120:
48:
945:
549:
records him saying in 1955: "I think it is the most important subject facing this country, but I cannot get any of my ministers to take any notice".
2493:
521:
2201:
538:
168:
In 1947, according to a memorandum from the FBI's archives, Churchill allegedly urged the US to conduct a pre-emptive nuclear strike against the
2150:
1130:
335:
275:
650:
which gave Britain a pre-eminent position in the Middle East, despite the loss of India in 1947. Churchill was, however, obliged to recognise
2541:
2529:
2229:
2058:
2036:
2014:
1991:
1969:
1950:
1928:
1906:
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1854:
1824:
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1648:
1450:
1413:
1254:
1215:
823:
777:
76:
803:
782:
773:
497:
420:
116:
68:
44:
262:
In June 1950, Churchill was strongly critical of the Attlee government's failure to send British representatives to Paris to discuss the
2471:
2128:
206:
721:. By the autumn of 1954, Churchill was threatening, but also postponing, his resignation. In the end it was the Soviets who proposed a
582:
Eden also suffered a serious long-term health issue, following a botched abdominal operation in April 1953. George VI was succeeded by
255:, discussing the future structure and role of the Council, which was finally founded as the first pan-European institution through the
2751:
2536:
2322:
321:
2693:
2449:
2411:
2165:
267:
64:
718:
351:
786:, the MP with the longest continuous service: he had already gained the distinction of being the only MP to be elected under both
776:, he seldom attended at all. Despite the Conservative landslide under Macmillan's leadership in 1959, Churchill's own majority in
131:
In 1946, Churchill was in America for nearly three months from early January to late March. It was on this trip that he gave his "
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587:
542:
256:
2629:
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194:
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2711:
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to the outbreak of war, primarily with the policy of appeasement which the British and French governments pursued until 1939.
2350:
2269:
144:
2598:
2371:
892:
838:
470:
443:
80:
2437:
2416:
2357:
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2155:
2649:
2611:
2459:
2317:
2160:
448:
2170:
586:, with whom Churchill developed a close friendship. Some of Churchill's colleagues hoped that he might retire after
2756:
2681:
2378:
2076:
853:
which had been carried unanimously by the House of Commons. The ceremony was held in Churchill's London home at 28
764:
to become Sir Winston. Although publicly supportive, Churchill was privately scathing about Eden's handling of the
679:
506:
186:
185:
defenseless against a nuclear strike at the time of the Churchill's proposal, since the Soviets did not obtain the
637:") between Britain and America. Churchill made four official transatlantic visits from January 1952 to July 1954.
2675:
2442:
2431:
1808:
678:
Churchill and Eden visited Washington in January 1952. The Truman Administration was supporting the plans for a
2213:
662:
by 1956, though this was in return for Nasser's abandonment of Egyptian claims over the region. Elsewhere, the
400:
342:
235:", although it included the qualification that Britain must be "with Europe but not of it". In a speech at the
696:
Colville that Eisenhower as president was "both weak and stupid". The main problem, in Churchill's eyes, was
319:
In the late 1940s, Churchill wrote and published six volumes of World War II memoirs. The series is entitled
2705:
2699:
2261:
1979:
827:
410:
299:
and told him: "I said a few words in parliament the other day about your country because I still hope for a
2593:
2191:
880:
2634:
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2309:
36:
Churchill making a speech in Uxbridge, Middlesex, during the 1945 general election, which his party lost
17:
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2301:
722:
659:
236:
162:
100:
2604:
2426:
2364:
2024:
761:
655:
232:
47:, forcing him to step down as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. For six years he served as the
561:
2669:
2499:
1770:
872:
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427:
252:
216:
104:
2099:
2054:
2032:
2010:
1987:
1965:
1946:
1924:
1902:
1880:
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1830:
1820:
1712:
1644:
1638:
1446:
1409:
1250:
1211:
846:
663:
432:
248:
240:
40:
2482:
2277:
888:
876:
850:
667:
517:
304:
148:
140:
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2624:
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2005:
Winston S. Churchill, 1874–1965: A Comprehensive Historiography and Annotated Bibliography
1812:
1401:
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896:
868:
819:
815:
244:
228:
84:
197:, providing another European power to counter-balance the Soviet Union's permanent seat.
1244:
790:
and Elizabeth II. He spent most of his retirement at Chartwell or at his London home in
2729:
2618:
1894:
1872:
1781:
907:
194,951 (equivalent to £4,767,791 in 2023) was left following payment of death duties.
904:
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300:
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2003:
1938:
1842:
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308:
time there as private secretary to the lord lieutenant of Ireland from 1876 to 1880.
334:"Premiership of Sir Winston Churchill" redirects here. For his term in wartime, see
2392:
884:
725:, but it didn't meet until 18 July 1955, three months after Churchill had retired.
709:
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387:
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51:. During these years he continued to influence world affairs. In 1946 he gave his "
2051:
Speaking for Themselves: The Personal Letters of Winston and Clementine Churchill
1776:
180:, asking him to persuade Truman to launch a strike against Moscow to destroy the
111:
in October 1951, shortly before Churchill became Prime Minister for a second time
67:; he saw this as a Franco-German project and Britain still had an empire. In the
2687:
2046:
1916:
1203:
810:
765:
748:
546:
176:
while they had the chance. He reportedly spoke to right-wing Republican senator
1777:"The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)"
833:
647:
510:
1864:
2571:
1834:
875:" and a detailed plan had been produced by 1958. His coffin lay in state at
871:
in 1898. Planning for his funeral had begun in 1953 under the code-name of "
744:
713:
382:
220:
1406:
The Twentieth Century. The Oxford History of the British Empire, Volume IV
795:
683:
173:
1443:
The Counter-Insurgency Myth: The British Experience of Irregular Warfare
739:
2237:
181:
857:, and was witnessed by Clementine and his children and grandchildren:
156:
the populations around them lie in what I must call the Soviet sphere.
630:
2068:
231:
as, in the summer of 1930, he had written an article calling for a "
165:
between the British Commonwealth and Empire and the United States".
63:; Churchill also argued strongly for British independence from the
1984:
Long Sunset: Memoirs of Winston Churchill's Last Private Secretary
832:
738:
602:
560:
210:
95:
94:
31:
780:
fell by more than a thousand. Following that election, he became
1817:
Churchill: A Major New Reassessment of His Life in Peace and War
481:
108:
2072:
1464:
1462:
1297:
1295:
1293:
239:
in 1946, he repeated this call and proposed creation of the
1131:"Winston Churchill spoke of his hopes for a united Ireland"
708:
explanation for their cool response was that this was the
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1664:
1662:
1660:
1372:
1370:
1280:
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899:. On 9 February 1965, Churchill's estate was probated at
55:" speech which spoke of the expansionist policies of the
891:
and from there by a special train to the family plot at
809:
In June 1962, when he was 87, Churchill had a fall in
883:. Afterwards, the coffin was taken by boat along the
509:
since 1946. Eden was restored to Foreign Affairs and
903:
304,044 (equivalent to £7,435,809 in 2023) of which
747:
in Kent. He purchased it in 1922 after his daughter
2648:
2559:
2509:
2402:
2342:
2222:
2184:
2106:
743:Churchill spent much of his retirement at his home
426:
416:
406:
396:
375:
287:years no trace of the new government would remain.
2002:
1711:. Nashville: Thomas Nelson Inc. pp. 376–380.
541:. Churchill was, however, greatly concerned about
1643:. London: Little, Brown Book Group. p. 486.
971:"The Sinews of Peace (the "Iron Curtain" speech)"
1962:When Lions Roar: The Churchills and the Kennedys
135:" speech about the USSR and its creation of the
1682:
1624:
973:. International Churchill Society. 5 March 1946
879:for three days and the funeral ceremony was at
859:
153:
1943:The Churchill Factor: How One Man Made History
1877:Never Despair: Winston S. Churchill, 1945–1965
2084:
1408:. Oxford University Press. pp. 339–340.
946:"The True Meaning of the Iron Curtain Speech"
139:. Speaking on 5 March 1946 in the company of
8:
1039:
735:Death and state funeral of Winston Churchill
537:, which in some respects was a precursor to
2386:Never was so much owed by so many to so few
818:, acting under authorisation granted by an
2506:
2091:
2077:
2069:
2009:. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press.
1528:
794:, and became a habitué of high society at
350:
2332:A History of the English-Speaking Peoples
1773:inflation figures are based on data from
1588:
1480:
1428:
1349:
1301:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1111:
1063:
965:
963:
522:Minister of Housing and Local Government
492:Election result and cabinet appointments
2762:Political history of the United Kingdom
2029:Churchill: A Study in Failure 1900–1939
1731:
1670:
1612:
1576:
1564:
1552:
1540:
1516:
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1154:
1099:
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1075:
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1027:
991:
928:
921:
371:26 October 1951 – 5 April 1955
366:Second premiership of Winston Churchill
18:Second premiership of Winston Churchill
2706:Jennie Jerome, Lady Randolph Churchill
2455:Schools and higher education (various)
1849:. London: Hodder & Stoughton Ltd.
1694:
533:addressed the issue of slums, and the
459:
346:
336:first premiership of Winston Churchill
276:Founding fathers of the European Union
2231:The Story of the Malakand Field Force
2214:Churchill's third ministry, 1951–1955
2031:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
1847:Churchill's Grand Alliance, 1940–1957
1709:America the Last Best Hope. Volume II
1600:
1249:. London: I. B. Tauris. p. 260.
1208:Inside Right: A Study of Conservatism
1129:Collins, Stephen (17 November 2014).
1015:
1003:
824:Honorary Citizen of the United States
553:Health issues to eventual resignation
7:
802:. He stood down as an MP before the
227:Churchill was an early supporter of
27:Life of Winston Churchill, 1945–1965
2318:"Are There Men on the Moon?" (1942)
1819:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1445:. Abingdon: Routledge. p. 49.
1210:. London: Hutchinson. p. 134.
207:Ideas of European unity before 1948
91:Leader of the Opposition, 1945–1951
2767:20th century in the United Kingdom
2209:Churchill caretaker ministry, 1945
1945:. London: Hodder & Stoughton.
527:Housing Repairs and Rents Act 1954
189:. Churchill's personal physician,
25:
2477:Mishkenot Sha'ananim bust, Israel
2460:Boulevard in Mississauga, Ontario
2412:Bibliography of Winston Churchill
2192:Churchill war ministry, 1940–1945
948:. International Churchill Society
268:European Coal and Steel Community
65:European Coal and Steel Community
2255:London to Ladysmith via Pretoria
543:immigration from the West Indies
498:general election in October 1951
462:
99:Churchill with American General
2630:1940 British war cabinet crisis
2422:International Churchill Society
2295:Marlborough: His Life and Times
195:United Nations Security Council
83:, near to where he was born at
43:'s Conservative Party lost the
2724:Frances Anne Spencer-Churchill
2427:Churchill War Rooms and Museum
2351:A total and unmitigated defeat
573:(future King Charles III) and
516:A significant appointment was
1:
2372:We shall fight on the beaches
2134:"Wilderness" years, 1929–1939
1745:"Sir Winston leaves £304,044"
849:, presented Churchill with a
539:health and safety legislation
471:Coat of arms of HM Government
272:les absents ont toujours tort
2438:Churchill College, Cambridge
2358:Blood, toil, tears and sweat
1707:Bennett, William J. (2007).
712:in the US and Dulles took a
115:Following his defeat in the
2612:Terminological inexactitude
1923:. London: Macmillan Press.
535:Mines and Quarries Act 1954
2783:
2599:St Martin's Church, Bladon
2379:This was their finest hour
893:St Martin's Church, Bladon
839:St Martin's Church, Bladon
732:
680:European Defence Community
507:Governor General of Canada
505:, who had been serving as
496:The Conservatives won the
340:
333:
204:
127:Speech in Fulton, Missouri
81:St Martin's Church, Bladon
45:July 1945 general election
2752:Later lives by individual
2640:Honorary U.S. citizenship
2443:Churchill Archives Centre
2432:National Churchill Museum
2334:(1956–1958, four volumes)
2297:(1933–1938, four volumes)
2281:(1923–1931, five volumes)
2001:Rasor, Eugene L. (2000).
1986:. Ashford: Podkin Press.
1431:, pp. 261, 277, 285.
895:, near his birthplace at
478:
458:
438:
362:
358:
349:
330:Prime Minister: 1951–1955
2326:(1948–1953, six volumes)
2124:Liberal Party, 1904–1924
1980:Montague Browne, Anthony
1637:Lovell, Mary S. (2011).
1441:Mumford, Andrew (2012).
1316:, pp. 814–815, 817.
1090:, pp. 304, 306–310.
1054:, pp. 265–266, 321.
691:Churchill and Eisenhower
624:The special relationship
401:Third Churchill ministry
343:Third Churchill ministry
121:Leader of the Opposition
69:General Election of 1951
59:and the creation of the
49:Leader of the Opposition
2700:Lord Randolph Churchill
2271:Lord Randolph Churchill
2141:World War II, 1939–1945
1879:. Trowbridge: Minerva.
1775:Clark, Gregory (2017).
828:Anthony Montague Browne
719:US actions in Guatemala
503:Field Marshal Alexander
233:United States of Europe
119:, Churchill became the
71:, Labour was defeated.
2718:John Spencer-Churchill
2594:Siege of Sidney Street
2119:In politics, 1900–1939
1960:Maier, Thomas (2014).
1529:Blake & Louis 1993
864:
842:
752:
670:in Kenya (1952–1960).
620:
578:
224:
187:atomic bomb until 1949
158:
151:, Churchill declared:
112:
37:
2635:Bengal famine of 1943
2583:Operation Unthinkable
2520:Palace of Westminster
2311:Arms and the Covenant
2146:Later life, 1945–1965
2129:Chancellor, 1924–1929
2114:Early life, 1874–1904
2053:. London: Doubleday.
1901:. London: Heinemann.
1615:, pp. 1224–1225.
1579:, pp. 1009–1017.
1243:Judd, Dennis (2012).
837:Churchill's grave at
836:
804:1964 general election
774:1959 general election
742:
733:Further information:
606:
565:Churchill with Queen
564:
214:
205:Further information:
117:1945 general election
98:
35:
2658:Clementine Churchill
2324:The Second World War
2303:Great Contemporaries
2263:Ian Hamilton's March
2025:Rhodes James, Robert
1964:. Manhattan: Crown.
1683:Montague Browne 1995
1625:Montague Browne 1995
1471:, pp. 847, 855.
1114:, pp. 249, 298.
822:, proclaimed him an
729:Retirement and death
674:Churchill and Truman
660:Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
635:special relationship
322:The Second World War
313:The Second World War
237:University of Zurich
172:in order to win the
163:Special Relationship
101:Dwight D. Eisenhower
2605:Sword of Stalingrad
2494:Cultural depictions
2489:Sutherland portrait
2365:Be ye men of valour
1685:, pp. 302–303.
1591:, pp. 289–291.
1567:, pp. 880–881.
1555:, pp. 936–937.
1543:, pp. 827–832.
1519:, pp. 805–806.
1364:, pp. 868–871.
1340:, pp. 846–857.
1304:, pp. 263–265.
1102:, pp. 813–814.
1078:, pp. 535–536.
1066:, pp. 246–249.
1018:, pp. 412–413.
881:St Paul's Cathedral
783:Father of the House
762:Order of the Garter
656:government of Egypt
513:became Chancellor.
266:for setting up the
145:Westminster College
105:Bernard Montgomery
2682:Marigold Churchill
2670:Randolph Churchill
2589:Political ideology
2500:Churchillian Drift
2434:(Fulton, Missouri)
1771:Retail Price Index
1751:. 13 February 1965
1749:The Glasgow Herald
1391:, p. 846–848.
1272:, p. 846–847.
1193:, p. 844–845.
873:Operation Hope Not
843:
753:
702:Secretary of State
698:John Foster Dulles
621:
579:
577:, 10 February 1953
282:Partition of India
225:
217:Congress of Europe
113:
103:and Field Marshal
38:
2757:Winston Churchill
2739:
2738:
2694:Winston Churchill
2555:
2554:
2525:Parliament Square
2176:Death and funeral
2151:Electoral history
2100:Winston Churchill
2060:978-03-85406-91-8
2038:978-02-97820-15-4
2016:978-03-13305-46-7
1993:978-09-55948-30-5
1971:978-03-07956-79-8
1952:978-14-44783-05-6
1930:978-03-30488-05-1
1908:978-04-34291-83-0
1899:Churchill: A Life
1886:978-07-49391-04-1
1856:978-01-51275-81-6
1826:978-01-98203-17-9
1718:978-14-18531-10-2
1650:978-07-48117-11-6
1452:978-04-15667-45-6
1415:978-01-99246-79-3
1256:978-17-80760-71-1
1217:978-07-04332-38-6
1040:Rhodes James 1970
944:(December 1987).
847:Alec Douglas-Home
723:four-power summit
664:Malayan Emergency
654:'s revolutionary
646:location was the
641:Decline of empire
619:, 5 January 1952.
489:
488:
433:10 Downing Street
249:Royal Albert Hall
241:Council of Europe
215:Churchill at the
41:Winston Churchill
16:(Redirected from
2774:
2547:Washington, D.C.
2507:
2483:The Roaring Lion
2279:The World Crisis
2093:
2086:
2079:
2070:
2064:
2042:
2020:
2008:
1997:
1975:
1956:
1934:
1912:
1890:
1868:
1838:
1813:Louis, Wm. Roger
1794:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1741:
1735:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1704:
1698:
1692:
1686:
1680:
1674:
1668:
1655:
1654:
1634:
1628:
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1538:
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1526:
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1508:
1502:
1496:
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1484:
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1472:
1466:
1457:
1456:
1438:
1432:
1426:
1420:
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1398:
1392:
1386:
1380:
1374:
1365:
1359:
1353:
1347:
1341:
1335:
1329:
1323:
1317:
1311:
1305:
1299:
1288:
1282:
1273:
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1240:
1234:
1228:
1222:
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1200:
1194:
1188:
1182:
1176:
1170:
1164:
1158:
1152:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1126:
1115:
1109:
1103:
1097:
1091:
1085:
1079:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1055:
1049:
1043:
1037:
1031:
1025:
1019:
1013:
1007:
1001:
995:
989:
983:
982:
980:
978:
967:
958:
957:
955:
953:
942:Harriman, Pamela
938:
932:
926:
889:Waterloo Station
877:Westminster Hall
668:Mau Mau Uprising
518:Harold Macmillan
485:
484:
466:
369:
367:
354:
347:
305:Frederick Boland
270:, saying that: "
257:Treaty of London
149:Fulton, Missouri
141:President Truman
107:at a meeting of
21:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2772:
2771:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2735:
2676:Sarah Churchill
2664:Diana Churchill
2644:
2625:Tonypandy riots
2567:Blenheim Palace
2551:
2505:
2450:Memorial Trusts
2404:
2398:
2338:
2218:
2180:
2102:
2097:
2067:
2061:
2045:
2039:
2023:
2017:
2000:
1994:
1978:
1972:
1959:
1953:
1937:
1931:
1915:
1909:
1895:Gilbert, Martin
1893:
1887:
1873:Gilbert, Martin
1871:
1857:
1841:
1827:
1815:, eds. (1993).
1807:
1803:
1798:
1797:
1787:
1785:
1774:
1768:
1764:
1754:
1752:
1743:
1742:
1738:
1730:
1726:
1719:
1706:
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1701:
1693:
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1669:
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1623:
1619:
1611:
1607:
1599:
1595:
1587:
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1559:
1551:
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1535:
1527:
1523:
1515:
1511:
1503:
1499:
1491:
1487:
1479:
1475:
1467:
1460:
1453:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1427:
1423:
1416:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1387:
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1375:
1368:
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1336:
1332:
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1308:
1300:
1291:
1283:
1276:
1268:
1264:
1257:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1229:
1225:
1218:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1189:
1185:
1177:
1173:
1165:
1161:
1153:
1149:
1139:
1137:
1135:The Irish Times
1128:
1127:
1118:
1110:
1106:
1098:
1094:
1086:
1082:
1074:
1070:
1062:
1058:
1050:
1046:
1038:
1034:
1026:
1022:
1014:
1010:
1002:
998:
990:
986:
976:
974:
969:
968:
961:
951:
949:
940:
939:
935:
927:
923:
918:
913:
897:Blenheim Palace
869:W. E. Gladstone
820:Act of Congress
816:John F. Kennedy
737:
731:
693:
676:
643:
626:
607:Churchill with
601:
599:Foreign affairs
555:
494:
482:Library website
480:
479:
474:
473:
468:
467:
454:
453:
452:
446:
392:
370:
365:
363:
345:
339:
332:
317:
293:
284:
259:on 5 May 1949.
245:Primrose League
229:pan-Europeanism
209:
203:
129:
93:
85:Blenheim Palace
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2780:
2778:
2770:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2744:
2743:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2730:Leonard Jerome
2727:
2721:
2715:
2712:Jack Churchill
2709:
2703:
2697:
2691:
2685:
2679:
2673:
2667:
2661:
2654:
2652:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2619:The Other Club
2615:
2608:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2556:
2553:
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2550:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2513:
2511:
2504:
2503:
2496:
2491:
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2479:
2474:
2469:
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2467:
2457:
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2446:
2445:
2435:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2408:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2389:
2382:
2375:
2368:
2361:
2354:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2339:
2337:
2336:
2328:
2320:
2315:
2307:
2299:
2291:
2283:
2275:
2267:
2259:
2251:
2243:
2235:
2226:
2224:
2220:
2219:
2217:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2188:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2137:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2116:
2110:
2108:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2088:
2081:
2073:
2066:
2065:
2059:
2043:
2037:
2021:
2015:
1998:
1992:
1976:
1970:
1957:
1951:
1939:Johnson, Boris
1935:
1929:
1913:
1907:
1891:
1885:
1869:
1855:
1843:Charmley, John
1839:
1825:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1782:MeasuringWorth
1762:
1736:
1734:, p. 912.
1724:
1717:
1699:
1697:, p. 647.
1687:
1675:
1673:, p. 911.
1656:
1649:
1640:The Churchills
1629:
1627:, p. 213.
1617:
1605:
1603:, p. 205.
1593:
1581:
1569:
1557:
1545:
1533:
1531:, p. 405.
1521:
1509:
1507:, p. 849.
1497:
1495:, p. 848.
1485:
1483:, p. 255.
1473:
1458:
1451:
1433:
1421:
1414:
1393:
1381:
1379:, p. 896.
1366:
1354:
1352:, p. 266.
1342:
1330:
1328:, p. 847.
1318:
1306:
1289:
1287:, p. 860.
1274:
1262:
1255:
1235:
1233:, p. 858.
1223:
1216:
1195:
1183:
1181:, p. 844.
1171:
1169:, p. 771.
1159:
1157:, p. 842.
1147:
1116:
1104:
1092:
1080:
1068:
1056:
1044:
1042:, p. 220.
1032:
1030:, p. 778.
1020:
1008:
1006:, p. 412.
996:
994:, p. 810.
984:
959:
933:
931:, p. 807.
920:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
855:Hyde Park Gate
800:French Riviera
792:Hyde Park Gate
788:Queen Victoria
758:Duke of London
730:
727:
692:
689:
675:
672:
652:Colonel Nasser
642:
639:
625:
622:
600:
597:
588:her Coronation
571:Prince Charles
554:
551:
525:including the
493:
490:
487:
486:
476:
475:
469:
461:
460:
456:
455:
447:
444:Clement Attlee
441:
440:
439:
436:
435:
430:
424:
423:
418:
414:
413:
408:
404:
403:
398:
394:
393:
391:
390:
385:
379:
377:
373:
372:
360:
359:
356:
355:
331:
328:
316:
310:
301:united Ireland
292:
289:
283:
280:
253:Hague Congress
202:
199:
178:Styles Bridges
128:
125:
92:
89:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2779:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2732:(grandfather)
2731:
2728:
2726:(grandmother)
2725:
2722:
2720:(grandfather)
2719:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2647:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2620:
2616:
2613:
2609:
2606:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2580:
2578:
2577:Norway Debate
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2558:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2501:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2472:Epstein busts
2470:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2401:
2394:
2390:
2387:
2383:
2380:
2376:
2373:
2369:
2366:
2362:
2359:
2355:
2352:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2335:
2333:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2287:My Early Life
2284:
2282:
2280:
2276:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2250:
2248:
2247:The River War
2244:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2094:
2089:
2087:
2082:
2080:
2075:
2074:
2071:
2062:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2012:
2007:
2006:
1999:
1995:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1967:
1963:
1958:
1954:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1809:Blake, Robert
1806:
1805:
1800:
1784:
1783:
1778:
1772:
1766:
1763:
1750:
1746:
1740:
1737:
1733:
1728:
1725:
1720:
1714:
1710:
1703:
1700:
1696:
1691:
1688:
1684:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1657:
1652:
1646:
1642:
1641:
1633:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1606:
1602:
1597:
1594:
1590:
1589:Charmley 1995
1585:
1582:
1578:
1573:
1570:
1566:
1561:
1558:
1554:
1549:
1546:
1542:
1537:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1513:
1510:
1506:
1501:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1486:
1482:
1481:Charmley 1995
1477:
1474:
1470:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1454:
1448:
1444:
1437:
1434:
1430:
1429:Charmley 1995
1425:
1422:
1417:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1402:Brown, Judith
1397:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1382:
1378:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1350:Charmley 1995
1346:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1331:
1327:
1322:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1302:Charmley 1995
1298:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1263:
1258:
1252:
1248:
1247:
1239:
1236:
1232:
1227:
1224:
1219:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1199:
1196:
1192:
1187:
1184:
1180:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1163:
1160:
1156:
1151:
1148:
1136:
1132:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1112:Charmley 1995
1108:
1105:
1101:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1064:Charmley 1995
1060:
1057:
1053:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1036:
1033:
1029:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1009:
1005:
1000:
997:
993:
988:
985:
972:
966:
964:
960:
947:
943:
937:
934:
930:
925:
922:
915:
910:
908:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
863:
858:
856:
852:
848:
840:
835:
831:
829:
825:
821:
817:
812:
807:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
784:
779:
775:
770:
767:
763:
759:
750:
746:
741:
736:
728:
726:
724:
720:
715:
711:
705:
703:
699:
690:
688:
685:
681:
673:
671:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
640:
638:
636:
632:
623:
618:
614:
610:
605:
598:
596:
592:
589:
585:
576:
575:Princess Anne
572:
568:
563:
559:
552:
550:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
523:
519:
514:
512:
508:
504:
499:
491:
483:
477:
472:
465:
457:
451: →
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2166:Racial views
2156:As a painter
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2028:
2004:
1983:
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1314:Gilbert 1988
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1204:Gilmour, Ian
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1167:Gilbert 1991
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1088:Johnson 2014
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2688:Mary Soames
2202:conferences
2161:As a writer
1695:Soames 1998
811:Monte Carlo
766:Suez Crisis
547:Ian Gilmour
2746:Categories
2696:(grandson)
2690:(daughter)
2684:(daughter)
2678:(daughter)
2666:(daughter)
2405:depictions
2403:Legacy and
2185:Ministries
1601:Rasor 2000
1016:Maier 2014
1004:Maier 2014
911:References
851:Resolution
700:, the new
648:Suez Canal
531:inter alia
511:Rab Butler
341:See also:
191:Lord Moran
2714:(brother)
2572:Chartwell
1921:Churchill
1865:247165348
1246:George VI
916:Citations
751:was born.
745:Chartwell
714:Manichean
383:George VI
221:the Hague
2708:(mother)
2702:(father)
2530:Woodford
2343:Speeches
2223:Writings
2197:timeline
2171:His pets
2049:(1998).
2027:(1970).
1982:(1995).
1941:(2014).
1919:(2001).
1897:(1991).
1875:(1988).
1845:(1995).
1835:30029512
1404:(1998).
1206:(1977).
796:La Pausa
778:Woodford
684:Mossadeq
417:Election
376:Monarchs
174:Cold War
77:Woodford
2560:Related
2542:Toronto
2516:London
2510:Statues
2417:Honours
2239:Savrola
1801:Sources
798:on the
397:Cabinet
291:Ireland
247:at the
182:Kremlin
2660:(wife)
2650:Family
2465:others
2313:(1938)
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1140:14 May
977:14 May
952:14 May
631:H-bomb
529:which
201:Europe
2672:(son)
2537:Paris
1788:7 May
407:Party
2107:Life
2055:ISBN
2033:ISBN
2011:ISBN
1988:ISBN
1966:ISBN
1947:ISBN
1925:ISBN
1903:ISBN
1881:ISBN
1861:OCLC
1851:ISBN
1831:OCLC
1821:ISBN
1790:2024
1757:2014
1713:ISBN
1645:ISBN
1447:ISBN
1410:ISBN
1251:ISBN
1212:ISBN
1142:2020
979:2020
954:2020
749:Mary
615:and
545:and
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421:1951
109:NATO
1769:UK
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520:as
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