432:, was told he was being "detained", but was not told he was being "arrested" and could be charged with the murder of his daughter. The Court found section 10(a) was not infringed. Section 10(a) is meant to ensure those arrested or detained are aware of the gravity of the situation. Latimer argued that since the police did not call the detention an arrest, he was not fully aware of the severity of the trouble he was in. He also claimed this was the reason why he had declined to talk to a lawyer. The Court argued the words used did not matter, but rather how the suspect can interpret the situation. Latimer could be expected to understand the seriousness of the situation since he was told he was being detained in connection with his daughter's death. The police had explicitly said the situation was serious, and had told him of rights one has when being arrested.
1586:
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389:, the Supreme Court stated that "detention" refers to a suspension of an individual's liberty interest by a significant physical or psychological restraint. Psychological detention is established either where the individual has a legal obligation to comply with the restrictive request or demand, or a reasonable person would conclude from the state conduct that there was no choice but to comply.
444:
is considered to be important, and the courts have been understanding if, even in cases in which the person arrested or detained preferred not to see any lawyer, it is later argued section 10 is violated because the arrested or detained person did not know any better. This applies, for example, to
392:
In cases without physical restraint or legal obligation, it may not be clear whether a person has been detained. To determine whether a reasonable person in the individual's circumstances would conclude they had been deprived by the state of the liberty of choice, the court may consider,
401:
The circumstances giving rise to the encounter as would reasonably be perceived by the individual: whether the police were providing general assistance; maintaining general order; making general inquiries regarding a particular occurrence; or, singling out the individual for focussed
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The nature of the police conduct, including the language used; the use of physical contact; the place where the interaction occurred; the presence of others; and the duration of the encounter.
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The particular characteristics or circumstances of the individual where relevant, including age; physical stature; minority status; level of sophistication.
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Section 10 has also been held not only to guarantee the right to see a lawyer, but also a right to be told that one may see a lawyer, a right to
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Dyck, Rand. Canadian
Politics: Critical Approaches. Third ed. (Scarborough, Ontario: Nelson Thomson Learning, 2000), p. 439.
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456:, and a right to be told that one may seek legal aid. Although the right to counsel itself could be found in the 1960
1431:
953:
609:
Morton, F.L. and Rainer Knopff. The
Charter Revolution & the Court Party. Toronto: Broadview Press, 2000, page 38.
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932:
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341:. As a part of a broader range of legal rights guaranteed by the Charter, section 10 rights may be limited by the
497:(1994) the Supreme Court ruled that rights to be informed that one may seek counsel included rights to be told of
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472:(1978), the Supreme Court found the right to be told that one may see a lawyer did not exist even in a
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that one may see counsel is new to
Canadian bills of rights. Indeed, in the Bill of Rights case
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b) to retain and instruct counsel without delay and to be informed of that right; and
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Section 10(a) requires that a person who is arrested or detained must be told why.
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Section 10 is only triggered if a person is arrested or detained. In
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c) to have the validity of the detention determined by way of
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and how to obtain it (e.g., through a free telephone call).
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cases in which the arrested or detained person has a low
923:
Amendments and other constitutional documents 1867–1982
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1210:
Part II – Rights of the
Aboriginal peoples of Canada
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a) to be informed promptly of the reasons therefor;
375:and to be released if the detention is not lawful.
361:10. Everyone has the right on arrest or detention
529:
527:
1226:Part III – Equalization and regional disparities
1018:Part I – Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
476:of the Bill of Rights. "In effect," Professors
484:write, "section 10(b) of the Charter overrules
359:
730:Report on the Affairs of British North America
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297:
8:
16:Constitutional rights on arrest or detention
724:Declaration of Independence of Lower Canada
573:"Judgements of the Supreme Court of Canada"
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428:considered an argument in which a person,
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331:, including the rights to consult a
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1506:Provincial constitutions of Canada
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50:Guarantee of Rights and Freedoms
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1:
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1302:Disallowance and reservation
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158:Official Languages of Canada
854:Matters excepted from s. 92
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397:, the following factors:
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668:Quasi-constitutional law
535:"Constitution Act, 1982"
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1458:Equal authenticity rule
1346:Parliamentary privilege
783:London Conference, 1866
771:Quebec Conference, 1864
459:Canadian Bill of Rights
426:Supreme Court of Canada
1521:Constitution of Quebec
1473:Implied Bill of Rights
1307:Responsible government
1009:Constitution Act, 1982
989:Fulton–Favreau formula
959:Newfoundland Act, 1949
949:Saskatchewan Act, 1905
877:Works and undertakings
798:Constitution Act, 1867
647:Constitution of Canada
541:. Government of Canada
378:
347:notwithstanding clause
323:specifies rights upon
36:Constitution Act, 1982
26:of Rights and Freedoms
1382:Constitutional debate
694:Iroquois constitution
539:Justice Laws Web Site
1403:Charlottetown Accord
699:Mi'kmaq constitution
421:R. v. Latimer (1997)
62:Fundamental Freedoms
1408:Calgary Declaration
806:Canadian federalism
357:The section reads:
1488:Dialogue principle
1448:Pith and substance
1317:King-in-Parliament
1242:Part VII – General
939:Manitoba Act, 1870
844:Trade and commerce
776:Quebec Resolutions
714:Quebec Act of 1774
469:Hogan v. The Queen
462:, the right to be
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579:. January 2001
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511:Main article:
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581:. Retrieved
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543:. Retrieved
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499:duty counsel
494:R. v. Bartle
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106:Legal Rights
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33:Part of the
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1468:Living tree
1463:Paramountcy
1281:Conventions
935:, 1867–1982
821:Section 125
816:Section 121
560:R. v. Grant
478:F.L. Morton
345:and/or the
258:Application
210:Enforcement
978:Patriation
865:Section 92
832:Section 91
562:, para. 44
518:References
395:inter alia
343:Oakes test
317:Section 10
872:Licensing
583:3 January
577:SCC Lexus
545:3 January
454:legal aid
387:R v Grant
381:Detention
329:detention
1613:Category
1563:Category
1026:Preamble
811:Preamble
474:penumbra
274:Citation
44:Preamble
1577:Portals
436:Counsel
319:of the
222:General
1591:Canada
732:(1839)
726:(1838)
424:, the
333:lawyer
325:arrest
486:Hogan
1111:16.1
585:2016
547:2016
480:and
464:told
440:The
353:Text
168:16.1
1603:Law
491:In
488:."
419:In
327:or
1615::
1254:59
1249:52
1233:36
1217:35
1201:34
1196:33
1191:32
1186:31
1181:30
1176:29
1171:28
1166:27
1161:26
1156:25
1151:24
1146:23
1141:22
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1131:20
1126:19
1121:18
1116:17
1106:16
1101:15
1096:14
1091:13
1086:12
1081:11
1076:10
593:^
575:.
537:.
526:^
449:.
447:IQ
280:34
268:33
266:,
264:32
252:31
250:,
248:30
246:,
244:29
242:,
240:28
238:,
236:27
234:,
232:26
230:,
228:25
216:24
204:23
192:22
190:,
188:21
186:,
184:20
182:,
180:19
178:,
176:18
174:,
172:17
170:,
166:,
164:16
152:15
140:14
138:,
136:13
134:,
132:12
130:,
128:11
126:,
124:10
122:,
118:,
114:,
86:,
82:,
1579::
1071:9
1066:8
1061:7
1056:6
1051:5
1046:4
1041:3
1036:2
1031:1
639:e
632:t
625:v
587:.
549:.
305:e
298:t
291:v
120:9
116:8
112:7
100:6
88:5
84:4
80:3
68:2
56:1
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