72:
2092:
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rules, if the sealed move is ambiguous and subject to more than one interpretation, the opponent of the player making the sealed move may choose among the reasonable interpretations. If the sealed move is illegal and there is no reasonable interpretation, the player making the sealed move loses the
162:
The first three rules are designed to encourage players to continue games until the end of the session, but no longer. The last rule ensures that upon adjournment neither player knows what the position will be when it is their next turn to move, maintaining fairness of potential interim analysis of
108:
and other game data are recorded on the envelope; the envelope may also be signed by both players. The arbiter then keeps possession of the envelope until it is time to restart the game, at which time the arbiter opens the envelope, makes the sealed move on the board, and starts the opponent's
50:
mechanism to suspend the game in progress, or at least did so before the advent of computer programs that play that game better than any human. The rationale is that games often extend in duration beyond what is reasonable for a single session of play. Adjourning the game would allow it to be
169:
With the advent of strong chess playing computer programs, which can be used to analyze adjourned positions, most tournaments have abandoned adjourning games in favor of shorter time controls. The first
95:
strength, and then became better than the best humans, adjournment was commonly offered in tournaments. When an adjournment is made, the player whose move it is secretly writes their next move on their
210:, a sealed move may have a forced response, giving an advantage to the sealing player. Sealing a move that has no purpose other than to force a particular answer from one's opponent is considered poor
163:
the adjourned positions. However, it can be advantageous to be the player who makes the sealed move, especially if the move forces a specific response from the other player.
643:
104:. Both opponents' scoresheets are then placed in the sealed-move envelope and the envelope is sealed. The names of the players, the colors, the position, the time on the
158:
A player adjourns the game by recording their move secretly in an envelope and sealing it. Upon resumption, the arbiter makes the sealed move and the game continues.
1872:
206:
commonly have thinking time of over eight hours per player. Such matches are played over two days and use a sealed move during the adjournment. As in
166:
Considerations on when to adjourn a game can be complex, and involve an extra dimension of psychology that is not part of strictly logical gameplay.
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1887:
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Two hours per player for the first forty moves, followed by one hour for the next twenty moves, followed by adjournment (a six-hour session)
1419:
1807:
1670:
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59:: the next move that would be made is sealed in an envelope, to be played out when the game resumes (normally played by the director or
1945:
1415:
1410:
738:
179:
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1645:
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63:). This practice ensures that neither player knows what the board position will be when it is their next turn to move.
1981:
1930:
1640:
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If a player exercises that option, they forfeit the remainder of their time that had been allotted for that session.
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Other games that use adjournments and sealed moves are typically also strategic two player board games, such as
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1935:
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When the duration of the session has ended, it is imperative for the player with the move to adjourn the game.
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hours per player for the first forty moves, followed by adjournment (a five-hour session)
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2017:
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1611:
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1306:
1301:
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1125:
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689:
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has passed, either player has the option of adjourning, and may do so on their move.
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Schedules allowing for adjournment usually fall into either of two categories:
2012:
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1316:
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game. Under FIDE rules, sealing an ambiguous move will also lose the game.
43:
1905:
17:
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71:
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223:
51:
continued at another time, typically the following day. There may be a
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39:
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90:
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141:
The rules for adjourning a game of chess are as follows:
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Adjournments are common in long matches of the game of
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75:Envelope used for the adjournment of a match game
178:, while the last one to use adjournments was the
271:1995 Kasparov - Anand PCA Title Match Highlights
310:U.S. Chess Federation's Official Rules of Chess
83:(3rd place Candidates Playoff, Copenhagen 1966)
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194:. Major Japanese title matches like the
239:
176:Classical World Chess Championship 1995
27:For use of the term in meetings, see
7:
308:Just, Tim; Burg, Daniel B. (2003).
180:FIDE World Chess Championship 1996
100:but does not make the move on the
25:
2090:
1761:List of strong chess tournaments
174:not to use adjournments was the
739:Gökyay Association Chess Museum
87:Before chess programs achieved
1:
1859:Computer chess championships
1641:Bishop and knight checkmate
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1804:Other world championships
26:
2085:
1651:Opposite-coloured bishops
273:, Mark Weeks' Chess Pages
1778:World Chess Championship
744:World Chess Hall of Fame
172:World Chess Championship
2072:Simultaneous exhibition
1982:Chess newspaper columns
1671:Rook and bishop vs rook
1661:Queen and pawn vs queen
312:(5th ed.). McKay.
1527:Richter–Veresov Attack
1515:Queen's Indian Defence
84:
1788:Candidates Tournament
1676:Rook and pawn vs rook
1646:King and pawn vs king
1597:List of chess gambits
1500:King's Indian Defence
1178:Isolated Queen's Pawn
702:List of chess players
644:Top player comparison
443:Internet chess server
74:
1505:Nimzo-Indian Defence
1401:Scandinavian Defense
1362:Semi-Italian Opening
1267:King's Indian Attack
1156:first-move advantage
809:Threefold repetition
734:Bobby Fischer Center
619:Charlemagne chessmen
613:Göttingen manuscript
418:Correspondence chess
259:Just & Burg 2003
247:Just & Burg 2003
1733:Two knights endgame
1485:Bogo-Indian Defence
1372:Two Knights Defense
1312:Nimzowitsch Defence
1002:Artificial castling
639:Soviet chess school
514:Dubrovnik chess set
1963:endgame literature
1510:Old Indian Defense
1420:Accelerated Dragon
1292:Alekhine's Defence
1024:Checkmate patterns
893:symbols in Unicode
888:annotation symbols
651:Geography of chess
519:Staunton chess set
283:Sensei's Library.
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2128:Chess terminology
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1987:Chess periodicals
1916:Chess in the arts
1848:Chess composition
1686:Philidor position
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1569:Trompowsky Attack
1552:Semi-Slav Defence
1442:Queen's Pawn Game
1322:Four Knights Game
1297:Caro–Kann Defence
1262:Zukertort Opening
1049:Discovered attack
769:Cheating in chess
606:Versus de scachis
16:(Redirected from
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2038:Leela Chess Zero
1969:Oxford Companion
1921:early literature
1911:Chess aesthetics
1656:Pawnless endgame
1607:Bongcloud Attack
1585:List of openings
1557:Chigorin Defense
1495:GrĂĽnfeld Defence
1406:Sicilian Defence
1352:Ponziani Opening
1347:Philidor Defence
1342:Petrov's Defence
1284:King's Pawn Game
1257:Larsen's Opening
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1480:Modern Benoni
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1253:
1252:Grob's Attack
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1242:Dunst Opening
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1232:Benko Opening
1230:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1224:Flank opening
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1201:
1198:
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979:Transposition
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731:
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729:Chess museums
727:
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698:
697:Notable games
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486:World records
484:
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457:Rating system
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333:
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329:
321:
319:0-8129-3559-4
315:
311:
306:
305:
301:
286:
285:"Sealed Move"
279:
276:
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82:
78:
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66:
64:
62:
57:
49:
45:
41:
37:
30:
19:
2023:Chess engine
2008:Chess boxing
1968:
1738:Wrong bishop
1590:theory table
1564:Torre Attack
1547:Slav Defence
1455:Colle System
1430:Scheveningen
1389:Pirc Defence
1332:Italian Game
1327:Giuoco Piano
1272:RĂ©ti Opening
1195:Piece values
1183:MarĂłczy Bind
1144:the exchange
1134:Compensation
1064:Interference
1054:Double check
828:Time control
815:
789:by agreement
717:grandmasters
661:South Africa
611:
604:
580:Score sheets
526:Chess pieces
433:Online chess
379:Chess titles
374:Chess theory
309:
302:Bibliography
288:. Retrieved
278:
266:
261:, p. 38
254:
242:
221:
189:
168:
165:
161:
147:time control
140:
119:
111:
86:
47:
33:
2133:Rules of Go
1953:Chess books
1753:Tournaments
1612:Fool's mate
1377:Vienna Game
1367:Scotch Game
1200:Prophylaxis
1116:Zwischenzug
1101:Undermining
1069:Overloading
1029:Combination
878:descriptive
573:Chess table
568:Chess clock
384:Grandmaster
218:Other games
81:Bent Larsen
77:Efim Geller
55:sealed move
48:adjournment
36:board games
29:adjournment
18:Sealed move
2117:Categories
2060:joke chess
2013:Chess club
1701:opposition
1163:Middlegame
1151:Initiative
1074:Pawn storm
1039:Deflection
910:Key square
900:Fianchetto
833:Fast chess
817:En passant
509:chessboard
290:2007-06-24
234:References
102:chessboard
98:scoresheet
38:, such as
2043:Stockfish
2033:Deep Blue
2028:AlphaZero
1936:paintings
1728:Tablebase
1692:Strategy
1602:Irregular
1357:Ruy Lopez
1317:Open Game
1084:Sacrifice
1044:Desperado
947:connected
920:Open file
915:King walk
873:algebraic
804:Stalemate
779:Checkmate
504:Chess set
496:Equipment
212:etiquette
145:Once the
46:, use an
2102:Category
2055:glossary
1716:Zugzwang
1696:fortress
1633:Endgames
1542:Declined
1537:Accepted
1215:Openings
1173:Hedgehog
1139:Exchange
1126:Strategy
1106:Windmill
957:isolated
942:backward
764:Castling
707:amateurs
600:Timeline
474:Variants
428:Glossary
411:software
396:glossary
109:clock.
2003:Arbiter
1996:Related
1853:Solving
1843:Amateur
1425:Najdorf
1007:Battery
994:Tactics
969:Swindle
952:doubled
932:Outpost
863:Blunder
678:Armenia
592:History
438:Premove
406:engines
401:matches
366:Outline
224:xiangqi
196:Honinbo
129:⁄
61:arbiter
1941:poetry
1931:novels
1906:CaĂŻssa
1838:Senior
1828:Junior
1416:Dragon
1411:Alapin
1096:Skewer
962:passed
905:Gambit
712:female
673:Europe
656:Africa
551:Knight
546:Bishop
316:
204:Meijin
112:Under
106:clocks
91:master
1888:WCSCC
1833:Youth
1823:Blitz
1818:Rapid
1808:Women
1771:Women
1723:Study
1578:Other
1111:X-ray
1034:Decoy
1019:Block
974:Tempo
937:Pawns
855:Terms
774:Check
756:Rules
690:India
683:Spain
668:China
561:Fairy
536:Queen
467:norms
358:Chess
228:shogi
208:chess
200:Kisei
67:Chess
40:chess
34:Some
1926:film
1883:WCCC
1878:TCEC
1868:CSVN
1813:Team
1783:List
1059:Fork
984:Trap
784:Draw
556:Pawn
541:Rook
531:King
479:List
448:list
423:FIDE
314:ISBN
202:and
114:USCF
79:vs.
42:and
1863:CCC
1079:Pin
883:PGN
226:or
2119::
230:.
214:.
198:,
192:Go
186:Go
182:.
44:Go
1418:/
350:e
343:t
336:v
322:.
293:.
131:2
127:1
124:2
31:.
20:)
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