805:
797:
614:
34:
672:
1306:
206:
916:
928:
Because the necropolis of
Sekhemkhet was never finished, it is hard to say which planned cultic building had already existed. The pyramid courtyard was surrounded by a niched enclosure wall facing north-west. It was 1.850 ft long, 607 ft wide and 33 ft high. The only archaeologically
872:
The entrance to
Sekhemkhet's burial lies on the northern side of the pyramid. An open passage leads down for 200 ft. Halfway down the track a vertical shaft meets the passage from above. It opens on the surface and its entrance would lie at the second step of the pyramid, if the monument had
876:
At the meeting spot of the passage and shaft another passageway leads down to a subterranean, U-shaped gallery containing at least 120 magazines. The whole gallery complex has the appearance of a giant comb. Shortly before the burial chamber is reached the main passage splits into two further
911:
in Cairo. A small trove of 21 gold bracelets in
Sekhemkhet's tomb was also found in this king's tomb. The bracelets and shell shaped container likely escaped detection by ancient Egyptian tomb robbers who would have looted Sekhemkhet's tomb and the king's sarcophagus in ancient times.
699:
crown. The second inscription depicts a scene known as "smiting the enemy": Sekhemkhet has grabbed a foe by its hair and raises his arm in an attempt to club the enemy to death with a ceremonial sceptre. The presence of these reliefs at Wadi
Maghareh suggests that local mines of
929:
preserved cultic building is the
Southern Tomb, its base measurement is estimated to be 105 ft x 52 ft. The subterranean structure included a tight corridor, beginning on the western side of the tomb and ending in a double chamber. In this chamber in 1963
844:). If the pyramid had been completed, it would have had six or seven steps and a final height of 240.5 ft (140 cubits). These proportions would have given the pyramid an angle of elevation of 51˚50', identical to the pyramid at
933:
excavated the burial of a two-year-old toddler. The identity of this child remains a mystery. The only fact known for certain about it is that it cannot be king
Sekhemkhet himself, since the king was always depicted as a young man.
880:
The burial chamber has a base measurement of 29 ft x 17 ft and a height of 15 ft. It was also left unfinished, but surprisingly a nearly completely arranged burial was found. The
1248:
Alessandro
Bongioanni & Maria Croce (ed.), The Treasures of Ancient Egypt: From the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, Universe Publishing, a division of Ruzzoli Publications Inc., 2003. p.344
860:
blocks. The monument was not finished, possibly because of the pharaoh's sudden death. Only the first step of the pyramid was completed, leaving a monument in the shape of a large square
892:
when the sarcophagus was found. The sarcophagus was empty, however and it remains unclear whether the site was ransacked after burial or whether King
Sekhemkhet was buried elsewhere.
656:
V. Wilkinson states that "this figure is fairly certain, since the titulary begins immediately after the dividing line marking the change of reign.". Similarly, the historian
4800:
629:
attributes six years of reign to
Sekhemkhet, a figure also proposed by Myriam Wissa based on the unfinished state of Sekhemkhet's pyramid. Using his reconstruction of the
4879:
668:
mentioned by
Manetho. However, such a long reign is at odds with the unfinished state of the buried pyramid and this view is generally rejected by Egyptologists.
759:, but this name appears without any queen's title, and Egyptologists dispute the true meaning and reading of this name. The name has alternatively been read as
4815:
4810:
683:
Little is known about activities conducted during Sekhemkhet's reign. The only preserved documents showing Sekhemkhet are two rock inscriptions at
4790:
4785:
4795:
4775:
937:
No further cultic buildings were detected, but Egyptologists and archaeologists are convinced that once upon a time a mortuary temple and a
4780:
4770:
2550:
2338:
4759:
3520:
3236:
2104:
1364:
1338:
4874:
1236:
1190:
1169:
1148:
1137:
Die Siegelabrollungen und Rollsiegel der Stadt Elephantine im 3. Jahrtausend v.Chr. Spurensicherung eines archäologischen Artefaktes
1116:
1056:
1031:
1010:
919:
An ivory plaque bearing the form of Sekhemkhet's Saqqara King List name of "Djoserti" found in the remains of his step pyramid tomb.
877:
magazine galleries, surrounding the burial chamber like a "U" (similar to the big northern gallery), but they were never finished.
455:
452:
436:
804:
402:
364:
330:
295:
888:
and shows an unusual feature: its opening lies on the front side and is sealed by a sliding door, which was still plastered with
441:
439:
387:
379:
259:
254:
180:
177:
4012:
1287:
Wilkinson, Toby. Royal Annals of Ancient Egypt: The Palermo Stone and Its Associated Fragments, Kegan Paul International, 2000.
1098:, Archaeological and historical Studies, Vol. 7, ZDB-ID 800015-3, Archaeological Society of Alexandria, Alexandria 1983, p. 221
315:
261:
225:
183:
108:
99:
4805:
4062:
3789:
3645:
1211:
771:
as the direct successor of Djoser. Sekhemkhet surely had sons and daughters, but up to this date no personal name was found.
449:
446:
444:
384:
382:
312:
310:
257:
148:
4358:
4148:
4080:
3945:
3812:
3722:
3535:
1653:
3930:
3867:
3150:
33:
4291:
3400:
3312:
2797:
2574:
2565:
4825:
4120:
3453:
3190:
3017:
2949:
1531:
4641:
2412:
950:
808:
A hoard of 21 gold bracellets and a shell shaped container found in Sekhemkhet's pyramid tomb on display at the
2486:
2257:
2119:
955:
4326:
4241:
4218:
2535:
2397:
2334:
2123:
1923:
1739:
4830:
4820:
4368:
4347:
4266:
3180:
3040:
2650:
2284:
2244:
2038:
1980:
1864:
1668:
1331:
899:
was found by an Egyptian Antiquities Service excavation team in 1950. The object has a length of 1.4
747:. It is not entirely clear whether this is indeed Sekhemkhet's nebty name or that of a yet unknown queen.
709:
634:
548:
524:
1310:
4840:
4316:
4281:
4261:
4251:
4213:
2717:
2071:
849:
2813:
555:. His reign is thought to have been from about 2648 BC until 2640 BC. He is also known under his later
796:
642:
4341:
4296:
3669:
3297:
3232:
3085:
3080:
2787:
2782:
2635:
2061:
1849:
1728:
653:
552:
1297:
664:, by contrast, proposed a reign of nineteen years, because he believed that Sekhemkhet might be the
641:
assigns seven years to this king. This figure is based on the number of year registers preserved in
4331:
4306:
4271:
4208:
3583:
3558:
2762:
2757:
2181:
1612:
1051:, Orientalia Monspeliensia. Vol. 9, 2, Université Paul Valéry – Montpellier III, Montpellier 1997,
930:
54:
824:. A sealed sarcophagus was discovered beneath the pyramid, but when opened was found to be empty.
708:
were exploited during Sekhemkhet's reign. These mines were apparently active throughout the early
4621:
4608:
4185:
3195:
2767:
2742:
1809:
1584:
4676:
4655:
4549:
4516:
4228:
3563:
3185:
3065:
2687:
2615:
2273:
2076:
2066:
1998:
1324:
1232:
1207:
1186:
1165:
1144:
1112:
1052:
1027:
1006:
853:
768:
589:. Little is known about this king, since he ruled for only a few years. However, he erected a
941:
existed but were destroyed due to the looting of stone from his cult buildings in antiquity.
4855:
4682:
4510:
4276:
4030:
3613:
2910:
2806:
2747:
2171:
2151:
889:
582:
272:
4627:
4597:
4556:
4492:
4236:
4166:
4036:
3375:
3030:
2752:
2146:
1784:
1752:
1591:
908:
809:
688:
626:
625:
The duration of Sekhemkhet's reign is believed to have been six to seven years. The royal
602:
413:
660:
lists Sekhemkhet under the name of Tyreis and indicates that he reigned for seven years.
4835:
4723:
4521:
4482:
4200:
4156:
4025:
3109:
3035:
2865:
2737:
2697:
2445:
2297:
2262:
2252:
2186:
2141:
2023:
2018:
1598:
1577:
1543:
821:
817:
791:
638:
514:
341:
4868:
4402:
4301:
4133:
4103:
3779:
3634:
3491:
3360:
3200:
3175:
3125:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2712:
2519:
2450:
2440:
2302:
2056:
1804:
1747:
1700:
1537:
1496:
778:, who was the final king of the Second Dynasty. If this is true, his mother would be
756:
721:
684:
630:
598:
566:
540:
481:
39:
4487:
4321:
4311:
4286:
4138:
4088:
4047:
3773:
3685:
3573:
3486:
3466:
3385:
3350:
3345:
3170:
2880:
2702:
2692:
2655:
2610:
2524:
2514:
2504:
2420:
2136:
2013:
1822:
1763:
1623:
1570:
1475:
1049:Études sur l'Ancien empire et la nécropole de Saqqâra dédiées à Jean-Philippe Lauer
833:
613:
590:
1225:
Die Königsmütter des Alten Ägypten von der Frühzeit bis zum Ende der 12. Dynastie
661:
4591:
4536:
4387:
4336:
4256:
4128:
4020:
4002:
3960:
3871:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3706:
3690:
3663:
3628:
3618:
3553:
3506:
3496:
3481:
3471:
3418:
3380:
3355:
3335:
3325:
3091:
3075:
3050:
3045:
2845:
2772:
2682:
2665:
2620:
2595:
2529:
2509:
2494:
2476:
2206:
2201:
2008:
1835:
1815:
1629:
1563:
1554:
1438:
1270:
881:
837:
775:
774:
Some consider Sekhemkhet to be the brother of Djoser, making him another son of
736:
676:
492:
4708:
4662:
4615:
4570:
4542:
4363:
4246:
4171:
4098:
3987:
3802:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3712:
3700:
3680:
3653:
3623:
3603:
3548:
3501:
3476:
3408:
3370:
3340:
3330:
3070:
2870:
2860:
2630:
2625:
2590:
2499:
2471:
2292:
2196:
2191:
2176:
2161:
1969:
1963:
1605:
1423:
1360:
732:
728:
671:
559:
1083:
Royal Annals of Ancient Egypt: The Palermo Stone and Its Associated Fragments
1070:
Royal Annals of Ancient Egypt: The Palermo Stone and Its Associated Fragments
647:
4648:
4563:
4526:
4452:
4446:
4373:
4353:
4070:
4052:
3997:
3977:
3840:
3675:
3658:
3608:
3461:
3428:
3423:
3365:
3164:
2985:
2938:
2850:
2827:
2600:
2466:
2435:
2003:
1829:
1710:
1447:
885:
857:
779:
705:
556:
503:
2890:
1305:
136:
4718:
4713:
4702:
4669:
4584:
4577:
4531:
4503:
4497:
4462:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4042:
3982:
3825:
3797:
3390:
3320:
3132:
3118:
3098:
3060:
2972:
2917:
2875:
2707:
2677:
2640:
2585:
2430:
2307:
2212:
2156:
2051:
1958:
1952:
1941:
1907:
1791:
1777:
1770:
1757:
1721:
1461:
4695:
4634:
4477:
4161:
3972:
3966:
3954:
3835:
3830:
3767:
3746:
3591:
3543:
3443:
3433:
3158:
3055:
3025:
3007:
2996:
2979:
2931:
2924:
2855:
2777:
2425:
2233:
2219:
2131:
2082:
1988:
1931:
1882:
1715:
1705:
1685:
1618:
1468:
1347:
861:
717:
696:
657:
594:
574:
544:
86:
47:
4602:
4472:
4109:
3992:
3597:
3568:
3438:
3413:
3205:
3139:
2965:
2958:
2885:
2840:
2834:
2660:
2580:
2166:
1993:
1946:
1900:
1872:
1798:
1676:
1635:
1517:
1482:
1454:
1109:
Sinai. The site & the history. Essays. Photographs by Ayman Taher
938:
845:
841:
713:
701:
692:
586:
76:
915:
4688:
4467:
4457:
4435:
4093:
3002:
2990:
2903:
2820:
2671:
2605:
2267:
2089:
1936:
1894:
1888:
1680:
1639:
1510:
1503:
1489:
670:
612:
90:
4440:
4430:
3820:
3695:
2896:
2226:
2046:
2028:
1913:
1695:
1690:
1524:
900:
896:
4748:
3865:
3230:
2332:
1358:
1320:
739:. The Egyptologist Jean Pierre Pätznik reads the Nebty name as
2645:
585:). Sekhemkhet was probably the brother or eldest son of king
820:" and was first excavated in 1952 by Egyptian archaeologist
1316:
735:
were found at the eastern excavation site on the island of
161:
836:
from the first. Its base was a square measuring 378
691:. The first one shows Sekhemkhet twice: once wearing the
1280:
Leclant, Jean. "A Brief History of the Old Kingdom". in
816:
Sekhemkhet's pyramid is sometimes referred to as the "
1085:. Kegan Paul International, London 2000, page 79-80.
428:
356:
287:
246:
169:
140:
4401:
4386:
4227:
4199:
4184:
4147:
4119:
4079:
4061:
4011:
3944:
3929:
3896:
3887:
3811:
3788:
3721:
3644:
3582:
3534:
3519:
3452:
3399:
3311:
3296:
3261:
3252:
3149:
3108:
3016:
2948:
2796:
2564:
2549:
2485:
2459:
2411:
2396:
2363:
2354:
2283:
2243:
2118:
2103:
2037:
1979:
1922:
1863:
1848:
1738:
1667:
1652:
1553:
1437:
1422:
1389:
1380:
520:
510:
499:
488:
477:
224:
107:
82:
72:
53:
46:
21:
1072:. Kegan Paul International, London 2000, page 115.
800:Schematical depiction of Sekhemkhet's step pyramid
1096:Some Problems on the History of the Third Dynasty
597:and left behind a well known rock inscription at
884:in the midst of the chamber is made of polished
1111:. New York University Press, New York NY 1998,
1332:
8:
1298:Francesco Raffaele: SEKHEMHET / DJOSER(TE)TY
4745:
4398:
4196:
3941:
3893:
3884:
3862:
3531:
3308:
3258:
3249:
3227:
2561:
2408:
2360:
2351:
2329:
2115:
1860:
1664:
1434:
1386:
1377:
1355:
1339:
1325:
1317:
1231:, vol. 46). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2001,
1133:Die Abfolge der Horusnamen der 3. Dynastie
432:
375:
367:
360:
306:
298:
291:
250:
173:
144:
104:
32:
18:
1143:. Vol. 1339). Archaeopress, Oxford 2005,
983:Wilkinson 2000 based on the Palermo Stone
727:Several clay seals presenting an unusual
679:showing Sekhemkhet horus and nebty names.
914:
803:
795:
745:The two ladies are pleased with his name
243:The two ladies are pleased with his name
1284:, The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 1999.
1282:Egyptian Art in the Age of the Pyramids
1277:, The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 1999.
1275:Egyptian Art in the Age of the Pyramids
967:
763:and identified with the cartouche-name
158:
16:Ancient Egyptian Pharaoh of 3rd dynasty
4880:Pharaohs of the Third Dynasty of Egypt
1127:
1125:
832:Sekhemkhet's pyramid was planned as a
7:
1045:À propos du sarcophage de Sékhemkhet
1273:. "Excavating the Old Kingdom". in
1185:. Routledge, London/New York 1999,
1026:, Griffith Institute, Oxford 1997,
1005:, Griffith Institute, Oxford 1997,
353:The blessed one, of true greatness
27:Djosertety, Djoserty, Teti, Tyreis
14:
1164:. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1987,
895:A shell shaped container made of
1304:
755:Sekhemkhet's wife may have been
204:
1162:Untersuchungen zur Thinitenzeit
903:and is currently on display in
1:
4359:Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator
1257:Bongioanni & Croce, p.344
675:Clay seal from the island of
232:
115:
63:
1135:. In: Jean-Pierre Pätznick:
856:, Sekhemkhet's was built of
720:were also discovered in the
4292:Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
1229:Ägypten und Altes Testament
731:together with Sekhemkhet's
695:crown, another wearing the
4896:
3191:Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef
2575:Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep
2339:Second Intermediate Period
1206:. Routledge, London 2001,
789:
621:from the Abydos king list.
195:
164:
38:Relief of Sekhemkhet from
4853:
4755:
4744:
4642:Lucius Mussius Aemilianus
4332:Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos
3883:
3861:
3248:
3237:Third Intermediate Period
3226:
2350:
2328:
1376:
1365:First Intermediate Period
1354:
1141:BAR. International Series
1107:Morsi Saad El-Din u. a.:
951:List of Egyptian pyramids
840:x 378 ft (220 x 220
231:
168:
114:
96:
31:
26:
4875:27th-century BC pharaohs
4354:Cleopatra VII Philopator
2611:Ameny Antef Amenemhet VI
1369: (<3150–2040 BC)
1047:, in: Catherine Berger:
1024:The Royal Canon of Turin
1003:The Royal Canon of Turin
956:List of megalithic sites
4327:Ptolemy XI Alexander II
4242:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
2536:Seankhibtawy Seankhibra
1239:, p. 59-61 & 65–67.
4369:Ptolemy XIV Philopator
4348:Cleopatra VI Tryphaena
4342:Berenice IV Epiphaneia
4297:Ptolemy VIII Euergetes
4267:Arsinoe III Philopator
3181:Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef
2651:Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw
2591:Sekhemkare Amenemhat V
2182:Neferkare VI Pepiseneb
1214:, p. 80 - 82, 94 - 97.
1202:Toby A. H. Wilkinson:
1181:Toby A. H. Wilkinson:
1131:Jean-Pierre Pätznick:
1081:Toby A. H. Wilkinson:
1068:Toby A. H. Wilkinson:
920:
868:Subterranean structure
813:
801:
680:
622:
126:Powerful body of Horus
4317:Ptolemy X Alexander I
4282:Ptolemy VI Philometor
4262:Ptolemy IV Philopator
4257:Berenice II Euergetes
4252:Ptolemy III Euergetes
4214:Philip III Arrhidaeus
2723:Khahotepre Sobekhotep
2718:Merhotepre Sobekhotep
2072:Merenre Nemtyemsaf II
918:
850:Great Pyramid of Giza
807:
799:
674:
616:
425:The blessed one comes
4750:Dynastic genealogies
4374:Ptolemy XV Caesarion
3670:Tutkheperre Shoshenq
3584:High Priests of Amun
3086:Merankhre Mentuhotep
2788:Seheqenre Sankhptahi
2783:Sewadjare Mentuhotep
2636:Khaankhre Sobekhotep
2343: (2040–1550 BC)
2062:Merenre Nemtyemsaf I
1313:at Wikimedia Commons
1204:Early Dynastic Egypt
1183:Early Dynastic Egypt
4272:Ptolemy V Epiphanes
4209:Alexander the Great
3241: (1550–664 BC)
2763:Mershepsesre Ini II
2758:Merkawre Sobekhotep
2152:Neferkare IV Khendu
931:Jean-Philippe Lauer
4609:Trebonianus Gallus
3196:Senakhtenre Ahmose
2814:Ya'ammu Nubwoserre
2768:Sewahenre Senebmiu
2743:Sankhenre Sewadjtu
2172:Neferkare V Tereru
2142:Neferkare III Neby
1810:Sekhemib-Perenmaat
1022:Alan H. Gardiner:
1001:Alan H. Gardiner:
924:Necropolis complex
921:
814:
802:
681:
623:
4862:
4861:
4849:
4848:
4740:
4739:
4736:
4735:
4732:
4731:
4656:Claudius Gothicus
4550:Severus Alexander
4517:Septimius Severus
4382:
4381:
4180:
4179:
3925:
3924:
3857:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3564:Osorkon the Elder
3515:
3514:
3292:
3291:
3222:
3221:
3218:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3186:Nubkheperre Intef
3066:Sekhemre Shedwast
2688:Sehetepkare Intef
2616:Semenkare Nebnuni
2545:
2544:
2392:
2391:
2324:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2316:
2315:
2099:
2098:
2077:Netjerkare Siptah
1999:Neferirkare Kakai
1844:
1843:
1648:
1647:
1418:
1417:
1309:Media related to
769:Saqqara King List
767:presented in the
712:since reliefs of
530:
529:
471:
470:
467:
466:
463:
462:
459:
458:
410:
409:
406:
405:
399:
398:
391:
390:
338:
337:
334:
333:
327:
326:
319:
318:
284:Of true greatness
269:
268:
265:
264:
220:
219:
216:
215:
212:
211:
199:
198:
191:
190:
187:
186:
156:
155:
152:
151:
89:(most likely) or
4887:
4856:List of pharaohs
4746:
4511:Pescennius Niger
4399:
4395:
4394:
4307:Ptolemy IX Soter
4277:Cleopatra I Syra
4197:
4193:
4192:
3942:
3938:
3937:
3894:
3885:
3878:
3877:
3863:
3614:Djedkhonsuefankh
3532:
3528:
3527:
3309:
3305:
3304:
3279:
3274:
3259:
3250:
3243:
3242:
3228:
2821:Qareh Khawoserre
2807:Yakbim Sekhaenre
2748:Mersekhemre Ined
2562:
2558:
2557:
2409:
2405:
2404:
2361:
2352:
2345:
2344:
2330:
2116:
2112:
2111:
1861:
1857:
1856:
1665:
1661:
1660:
1435:
1431:
1430:
1387:
1378:
1371:
1370:
1356:
1341:
1334:
1327:
1318:
1308:
1258:
1255:
1249:
1246:
1240:
1221:
1215:
1200:
1194:
1179:
1173:
1160:Wolfgang Helck:
1158:
1152:
1129:
1120:
1105:
1099:
1092:
1086:
1079:
1073:
1066:
1060:
1041:
1035:
1020:
1014:
999:
993:
990:
984:
981:
975:
972:
873:been completed.
854:Djoser's pyramid
651:
643:Cairo Fragment I
583:Abydos King List
541:ancient Egyptian
433:
429:
376:
368:
361:
357:
307:
299:
292:
288:
273:Abydos King List
251:
247:
233:
208:
207:
174:
170:
162:
145:
141:
137:
133:
132:
116:
105:
68:
65:
36:
19:
4895:
4894:
4890:
4889:
4888:
4886:
4885:
4884:
4865:
4864:
4863:
4858:
4845:
4751:
4728:
4628:Macrianus Minor
4557:Maximinus Thrax
4493:Marcus Aurelius
4392:
4391:
4390:
4378:
4237:Ptolemy I Soter
4223:
4190:
4189:
4188:
4176:
4143:
4115:
4075:
4057:
4037:Psammetichus IV
4007:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3921:
3899:
3890:
3879:
3876:(664 BC–313 AD)
3875:
3874:
3845:
3807:
3784:
3780:Menkheperre Ini
3717:
3640:
3578:
3525:
3524:
3523:
3511:
3448:
3395:
3376:Neferneferuaten
3302:
3301:
3300:
3288:
3287:
3277:
3272:
3271:Pharaohs
3264:
3255:
3244:
3240:
3239:
3210:
3145:
3104:
3031:Sobekhotep VIII
3012:
2944:
2792:
2753:Sewadjkare Hori
2555:
2554:
2553:
2541:
2481:
2455:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2388:
2366:
2357:
2346:
2342:
2341:
2312:
2279:
2239:
2147:Djedkare Shemai
2109:
2108:
2107:
2095:
2033:
1975:
1918:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1840:
1734:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1644:
1549:
1428:
1427:
1426:
1414:
1392:
1383:
1372:
1368:
1367:
1350:
1345:
1294:
1267:
1262:
1261:
1256:
1252:
1247:
1243:
1222:
1218:
1201:
1197:
1180:
1176:
1159:
1155:
1130:
1123:
1106:
1102:
1093:
1089:
1080:
1076:
1067:
1063:
1042:
1038:
1021:
1017:
1000:
996:
991:
987:
982:
978:
974:Turin King List
973:
969:
964:
947:
926:
909:Egyptian Museum
870:
830:
810:Egyptian Museum
794:
788:
753:
689:Sinai peninsula
645:
617:Cartouche name
611:
603:Sinai Peninsula
577:; derived from
473:
472:
445:
440:
427:
423:
419:
417:
414:Turin King List
411:
383:
355:
351:
347:
345:
339:
311:
286:
282:
278:
276:
270:
260:
258:
245:
241:
237:
205:
124:
120:
102:
66:
62:
60:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4893:
4891:
4883:
4882:
4877:
4867:
4866:
4860:
4859:
4854:
4851:
4850:
4847:
4846:
4844:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4765:
4762:
4756:
4753:
4752:
4749:
4742:
4741:
4738:
4737:
4734:
4733:
4730:
4729:
4727:
4726:
4724:Maximinus Daza
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4699:
4692:
4685:
4680:
4673:
4666:
4659:
4652:
4645:
4638:
4631:
4624:
4619:
4612:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4588:
4581:
4574:
4567:
4560:
4553:
4546:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4507:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4483:Antoninus Pius
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4407:
4405:
4396:
4393:(30 BC–313 AD)
4384:
4383:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4233:
4231:
4225:
4224:
4222:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4205:
4203:
4194:
4182:
4181:
4178:
4177:
4175:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4157:Artaxerxes III
4153:
4151:
4145:
4144:
4142:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4125:
4123:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4085:
4083:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4073:
4067:
4065:
4059:
4058:
4056:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4033:
4028:
4026:Petubastis III
4023:
4017:
4015:
4009:
4008:
4006:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3963:
3958:
3950:
3948:
3939:
3927:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3919:
3914:
3913:
3912:
3909:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3891:
3888:
3881:
3880:
3866:
3859:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3847:
3846:
3844:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3817:
3815:
3809:
3808:
3806:
3805:
3800:
3794:
3792:
3786:
3785:
3783:
3782:
3777:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3727:
3725:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3650:
3648:
3642:
3641:
3639:
3638:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3594:
3588:
3586:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3540:
3538:
3529:
3521:3 Intermediate
3517:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3458:
3456:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3405:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3317:
3315:
3306:
3303:(1550–1070 BC)
3294:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3256:
3253:
3246:
3245:
3231:
3224:
3223:
3220:
3219:
3216:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3161:
3155:
3153:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3136:
3129:
3122:
3114:
3112:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3102:
3095:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3036:Neferhotep III
3033:
3028:
3022:
3020:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2976:
2969:
2962:
2954:
2952:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2914:
2907:
2900:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2866:Sewadjkare III
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2835:Maaibre Sheshi
2831:
2828:'Ammu Ahotepre
2824:
2817:
2810:
2802:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2738:Merhotepre Ini
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2698:Sobekhotep III
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2570:
2568:
2559:
2556:(1802–1550 BC)
2551:2 Intermediate
2547:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2491:
2489:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2463:
2461:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2453:
2448:
2446:Mentuhotep III
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2417:
2415:
2406:
2403:(2040–1802 BC)
2398:Middle Kingdom
2394:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2387:
2386:
2381:
2380:
2379:
2376:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2358:
2355:
2348:
2347:
2335:Middle Kingdom
2333:
2326:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2298:Neferkare VIII
2295:
2289:
2287:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2277:
2270:
2265:
2263:Nebkaure Khety
2260:
2255:
2253:Meryibre Khety
2249:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2230:
2223:
2216:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2187:Neferkamin Anu
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2128:
2126:
2113:
2110:(2181–2040 BC)
2105:1 Intermediate
2101:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2093:
2086:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2043:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2024:Djedkare Isesi
2021:
2019:Menkauhor Kaiu
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1985:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1928:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1916:
1911:
1904:
1897:
1892:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1869:
1867:
1858:
1855:(2686–2181 BC)
1846:
1845:
1842:
1841:
1839:
1838:
1833:
1826:
1819:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1795:
1788:
1781:
1774:
1767:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1744:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1732:
1725:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1673:
1671:
1662:
1659:(3150–2686 BC)
1654:Early Dynastic
1650:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1642:
1633:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1609:
1602:
1595:
1588:
1581:
1574:
1567:
1559:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1540:
1535:
1528:
1521:
1514:
1507:
1500:
1493:
1486:
1479:
1472:
1465:
1458:
1451:
1443:
1441:
1432:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1405:
1402:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1384:
1381:
1374:
1373:
1359:
1352:
1351:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1336:
1329:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1301:
1300:
1293:
1292:External links
1290:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1278:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1250:
1241:
1216:
1195:
1174:
1172:, pp 108, 117.
1153:
1121:
1100:
1094:Nabil Swelim:
1087:
1074:
1061:
1043:Myriam Wissa:
1036:
1015:
994:
985:
976:
966:
965:
963:
960:
959:
958:
953:
946:
943:
925:
922:
869:
866:
829:
826:
822:Zakaria Goneim
818:Buried Pyramid
792:Buried Pyramid
790:Main article:
787:
784:
752:
749:
639:Toby Wilkinson
610:
607:
565:and under his
535:(also read as
528:
527:
522:
518:
517:
515:Buried Pyramid
512:
508:
507:
501:
497:
496:
490:
486:
485:
479:
475:
474:
469:
468:
465:
464:
461:
460:
457:
456:
453:
450:
447:
442:
437:
408:
407:
404:
403:
400:
397:
396:
393:
392:
389:
388:
385:
380:
372:
371:
365:
342:Saqqara Tablet
336:
335:
332:
331:
328:
325:
324:
321:
320:
317:
316:
313:
303:
302:
296:
267:
266:
263:
262:
255:
236:Nebty-Hetepren
229:
228:
222:
221:
218:
217:
214:
213:
210:
209:
202:
200:
197:
196:
193:
192:
189:
188:
185:
184:
181:
178:
166:
165:
159:
157:
154:
153:
150:
149:
129:
128:
119:Hor-Sekhemkhet
112:
111:
103:
100:Royal titulary
98:
97:
94:
93:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
67: 2650 BC
59:6 regnal years
57:
51:
50:
44:
43:
37:
29:
28:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4892:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4872:
4870:
4857:
4852:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4757:
4754:
4747:
4743:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4704:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4693:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4678:
4674:
4672:
4671:
4667:
4665:
4664:
4660:
4658:
4657:
4653:
4651:
4650:
4646:
4644:
4643:
4639:
4637:
4636:
4632:
4630:
4629:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4617:
4613:
4611:
4610:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4593:
4589:
4587:
4586:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4575:
4573:
4572:
4568:
4566:
4565:
4561:
4559:
4558:
4554:
4552:
4551:
4547:
4545:
4544:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4512:
4508:
4506:
4505:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4408:
4406:
4404:
4400:
4397:
4389:
4385:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4349:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4302:Cleopatra III
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4234:
4232:
4230:
4226:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4202:
4198:
4195:
4187:
4183:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4150:
4146:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4122:
4118:
4112:
4111:
4107:
4105:
4104:Nepherites II
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4082:
4078:
4072:
4069:
4068:
4066:
4064:
4060:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4038:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4016:
4014:
4010:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3968:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3956:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3947:
3943:
3940:
3932:
3928:
3918:
3915:
3910:
3907:
3906:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3895:
3892:
3886:
3882:
3873:
3869:
3864:
3860:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3814:
3810:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3791:
3787:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3775:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3748:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3728:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3708:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3671:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3647:
3643:
3637:
3636:
3635:Psusennes III
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3599:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3581:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3537:
3533:
3530:
3526:(1069–664 BC)
3522:
3518:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3492:Ramesses VIII
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3457:
3455:
3451:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3398:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3361:Amenhotep III
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3310:
3307:
3299:
3295:
3284:
3281:
3276:
3270:
3269:
3266:
3260:
3257:
3251:
3247:
3238:
3234:
3229:
3225:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3201:Seqenenre Tao
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3176:Sobekemsaf II
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3148:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3135:
3134:
3130:
3128:
3127:
3126:Wepwawetemsaf
3123:
3121:
3120:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3107:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3094:
3093:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3019:
3015:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2981:
2977:
2975:
2974:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2947:
2941:
2940:
2936:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2927:
2926:
2922:
2920:
2919:
2915:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2899:
2898:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2830:
2829:
2825:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2795:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2733:Merneferre Ay
2731:
2729:
2728:Wahibre Ibiau
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2713:Sobekhotep IV
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2576:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2563:
2560:
2552:
2548:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2520:Amenemhat III
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2484:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2458:
2452:
2451:Mentuhotep IV
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2441:Mentuhotep II
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2410:
2407:
2399:
2395:
2385:
2382:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2362:
2359:
2353:
2349:
2340:
2336:
2331:
2327:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2303:Wahkare Khety
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2282:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2258:Neferkare VII
2256:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2231:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2215:
2214:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2106:
2102:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1921:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1859:
1851:
1847:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1805:Seth-Peribsen
1803:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1780:
1779:
1775:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1748:Hotepsekhemwy
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1655:
1651:
1641:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1610:
1608:
1607:
1603:
1601:
1600:
1596:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1566:
1565:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1541:
1539:
1538:Double Falcon
1536:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1433:
1429:(pre-3150 BC)
1425:
1424:Protodynastic
1421:
1411:
1408:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1388:
1385:
1379:
1375:
1366:
1362:
1361:Protodynastic
1357:
1353:
1349:
1342:
1337:
1335:
1330:
1328:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1312:
1307:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1286:
1283:
1279:
1276:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1254:
1251:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1237:3-447-04368-7
1234:
1230:
1226:
1220:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1199:
1196:
1192:
1191:0-415-18633-1
1188:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1171:
1170:3-447-02677-4
1167:
1163:
1157:
1154:
1151:, page 76–79.
1150:
1149:1-84171-685-5
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1117:0-8147-2203-2
1114:
1110:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1091:
1088:
1084:
1078:
1075:
1071:
1065:
1062:
1059:, p. 445–448.
1058:
1057:2-8426-9046-X
1054:
1050:
1046:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1032:0-900416-48-3
1029:
1025:
1019:
1016:
1012:
1011:0-900416-48-3
1008:
1004:
998:
995:
989:
986:
980:
977:
971:
968:
961:
957:
954:
952:
949:
948:
944:
942:
940:
935:
932:
923:
917:
913:
910:
906:
902:
898:
893:
891:
887:
883:
878:
874:
867:
865:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
827:
825:
823:
819:
811:
806:
798:
793:
785:
783:
781:
777:
772:
770:
766:
762:
758:
757:Djeseretnebti
750:
748:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
725:
723:
722:Wadi Maghareh
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
698:
694:
690:
686:
685:Wadi Maghareh
678:
673:
669:
667:
663:
659:
655:
649:
644:
640:
636:
632:
631:Palermo Stone
628:
620:
615:
608:
606:
604:
600:
599:Wadi Maghareh
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
561:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
526:
523:
519:
516:
513:
509:
505:
502:
498:
494:
491:
487:
483:
482:Djeseretnebti
480:
476:
454:
451:
448:
443:
438:
435:
434:
431:
430:
426:
422:
416:
415:
401:
395:
394:
386:
381:
378:
377:
374:
373:
370:
369:
366:
363:
362:
359:
358:
354:
350:
344:
343:
329:
323:
322:
314:
309:
308:
305:
304:
301:
300:
297:
294:
293:
290:
289:
285:
281:
275:
274:
256:
253:
252:
249:
248:
244:
240:
235:
234:
230:
227:
223:
203:
201:
194:
182:
179:
176:
175:
172:
171:
167:
163:
160:
147:
146:
143:
142:
139:
138:
135:
134:
131:
130:
127:
123:
118:
117:
113:
110:
106:
101:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
75:
71:
61:7 regnal year
58:
56:
52:
49:
45:
41:
40:Wadi Maghareh
35:
30:
25:
20:
4701:
4694:
4687:
4675:
4668:
4661:
4654:
4647:
4640:
4633:
4626:
4614:
4607:
4590:
4583:
4576:
4569:
4562:
4555:
4548:
4541:
4509:
4502:
4488:Lucius Verus
4445:
4346:
4322:Berenice III
4312:Cleopatra IV
4287:Cleopatra II
4219:Alexander IV
4139:Nectanebo II
4108:
4089:Nepherites I
4048:Artaxerxes I
4035:
3965:
3953:
3936:(664–332 BC)
3916:
3872:Roman Period
3774:Shoshenq VII
3772:
3745:
3705:
3686:Shoshenq III
3668:
3633:
3596:
3574:Psusennes II
3487:Ramesses VII
3467:Ramesses III
3351:Amenhotep II
3346:Thutmose III
3282:
3171:Sobekemsaf I
3163:
3138:
3131:
3124:
3117:
3097:
3090:
2995:
2978:
2973:'Aper-'Anati
2971:
2964:
2957:
2937:
2930:
2923:
2916:
2909:
2902:
2895:
2881:Sekheperenre
2833:
2826:
2819:
2812:
2805:
2703:Neferhotep I
2693:Seth Meribre
2670:
2656:Djedkheperew
2573:
2534:
2525:Amenemhat IV
2515:Senusret III
2505:Amenemhat II
2421:Mentuhotep I
2383:
2272:
2232:
2225:
2218:
2211:
2137:Neferkare II
2088:
2081:
2014:Nyuserre Ini
1968:
1951:
1906:
1899:
1887:
1877:
1828:
1823:Neferkasokar
1821:
1814:
1797:
1790:
1783:
1776:
1769:
1762:
1727:
1720:
1628:
1611:
1604:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1576:
1571:Finger Snail
1569:
1562:
1542:
1530:
1523:
1516:
1509:
1502:
1495:
1488:
1481:
1474:
1467:
1460:
1453:
1446:
1409:
1281:
1274:
1271:Hawass, Zahi
1265:Bibliography
1253:
1244:
1228:
1224:
1223:Silke Roth:
1219:
1203:
1198:
1182:
1177:
1161:
1156:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1108:
1103:
1095:
1090:
1082:
1077:
1069:
1064:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1023:
1018:
1002:
997:
988:
979:
970:
936:
927:
904:
894:
879:
875:
871:
834:step pyramid
831:
815:
773:
764:
760:
754:
744:
740:
726:
682:
665:
662:Nabil Swelim
624:
618:
591:step pyramid
578:
570:
562:
536:
532:
531:
424:
420:
412:
352:
348:
340:
283:
279:
271:
242:
239:Nb.tj-htp.rn
238:
125:
121:
4592:Gordian III
4537:Diadumenian
4337:Cleopatra V
4191:(332–30 BC)
4186:Hellenistic
4129:Nectanebo I
4021:Cambyses II
4003:Psamtik III
3961:Tefnakht II
3763:Takelot III
3758:Osorkon III
3753:Shoshenq VI
3707:Pedubast II
3691:Shoshenq IV
3664:Shoshenq II
3629:Pinedjem II
3619:Menkheperre
3554:Psusennes I
3507:Ramesses XI
3497:Ramesses IX
3482:Ramesses VI
3472:Ramesses IV
3419:Ramesses II
3381:Tutankhamun
3356:Thutmose IV
3336:Thutmose II
3326:Amenhotep I
3298:New Kingdom
3233:New Kingdom
3092:Senusret IV
3076:Dedumose II
3051:Nebiriau II
3046:Nebiryraw I
3041:Mentuhotepi
2846:Khakherewre
2773:Merkheperre
2683:Imyremeshaw
2666:Sedjefakare
2621:Sehetepibre
2596:Ameny Qemau
2530:Sobekneferu
2510:Senusret II
2495:Amenemhat I
2477:Iyibkhentre
2207:Neferirkare
2202:Neferkauhor
2009:Shepseskare
1850:Old Kingdom
1836:Khasekhemwy
1816:Neferkara I
1785:Weneg-Nebty
1630:Scorpion II
882:sarcophagus
828:The pyramid
776:Khasekhemwy
765:Djeser-Teti
737:Elephantine
710:3rd Dynasty
677:Elephantine
646: [
635:5th Dynasty
627:Turin Canon
563:Djoser-teti
557:traditioned
553:Old Kingdom
551:during the
549:3rd Dynasty
525:3rd Dynasty
493:Khasekhemwy
73:Predecessor
4869:Categories
4709:Diocletian
4663:Quintillus
4616:Aemilianus
4571:Gordian II
4543:Elagabalus
4364:Arsinoe IV
4247:Arsinoe II
4172:Darius III
4099:Psammuthes
3988:Psamtik II
3803:Bakenranef
3741:Pedubast I
3736:Takelot II
3731:Harsiese A
3713:Osorkon IV
3701:Shoshenq V
3681:Osorkon II
3654:Shoshenq I
3624:Smendes II
3604:Pinedjem I
3549:Amenemnisu
3502:Ramesses X
3477:Ramesses V
3429:Amenmesses
3409:Ramesses I
3371:Smenkhkare
3341:Hatshepsut
3331:Thutmose I
3081:Montuemsaf
3071:Dedumose I
2871:Nebdjefare
2861:Merdjefare
2631:Nedjemibre
2626:Sewadjkare
2500:Senusret I
2472:Qakare Ini
2293:Meryhathor
2197:Neferkaure
2192:Qakare Iby
2177:Neferkahor
2162:Neferkamin
1970:Thamphthis
1964:Shepseskaf
1878:Sekhemkhet
1729:Horus Bird
1606:Scorpion I
1311:Sekhemkhet
1212:0415260116
1193:, page 98.
1119:, page 30.
962:References
733:Horus name
729:Nebty name
666:Tosertasis
567:Hellenized
560:birth name
537:Sechemchet
533:Sekhemkhet
346:Djoserteti
226:Nebty name
109:Horus name
22:Sekhemkhet
4841:Ptolemaic
4649:Gallienus
4564:Gordian I
4527:Caracalla
4453:Vespasian
4447:Vitellius
4229:Ptolemaic
4071:Amyrtaeus
4053:Darius II
3998:Ahmose II
3978:Psamtik I
3917:uncertain
3905:Pharaohs
3841:Tanutamun
3676:Takelot I
3659:Osorkon I
3609:Masaharta
3559:Amenemope
3462:Setnakhte
3424:Merneptah
3366:Akhenaten
3283:uncertain
3165:Nebmaatre
2986:Sakir-Har
2939:Yaqub-Har
2851:Nebefawre
2601:Hotepibre
2467:Segerseni
2436:Intef III
2384:uncertain
2372:Pharaohs
2004:Neferefre
1830:Hudjefa I
1711:Semerkhet
1448:Hedju Hor
1410:uncertain
1398:Pharaohs
1034:, Vol. 2.
886:alabaster
858:limestone
780:Nimaathap
761:Djeser-Ti
741:Ren nebty
706:turquoise
547:) of the
539:) was an
504:Nimaathap
122:Ḥr-sẖm.ẖt
83:Successor
4801:21 to 23
4719:Galerius
4714:Maximian
4703:Numerian
4670:Aurelian
4622:Valerian
4585:Balbinus
4578:Pupienus
4532:Macrinus
4504:Pertinax
4498:Commodus
4463:Domitian
4426:Claudius
4421:Caligula
4416:Tiberius
4411:Augustus
4031:Darius I
3983:Necho II
3826:Shebitku
3798:Tefnakht
3391:Horemheb
3321:Ahmose I
3133:Pantjeny
3119:Senebkay
3099:Pepi III
3061:Bebiankh
2918:Shenshek
2876:Nebsenre
2708:Sihathor
2678:Khendjer
2641:Renseneb
2586:Nerikare
2431:Intef II
2308:Merykare
2213:Wadjkare
2157:Merenhor
2052:Userkare
1959:Menkaure
1953:Bikheris
1942:Djedefre
1908:Qahedjet
1792:Wadjenes
1778:Horus Sa
1771:Nubnefer
1758:Nynetjer
1722:Sneferka
1462:Ni-Neith
1348:Pharaohs
945:See also
848:and the
743:meaning
654:register
418:Djoserty
4696:Carinus
4677:Tacitus
4635:Quietus
4478:Hadrian
4162:Khabash
3993:Wahibre
3973:Necho I
3967:Nekauba
3955:Ammeris
3898:Dynasty
3836:Taharqa
3831:Shabaka
3768:Rudamun
3747:Iuput I
3592:Herihor
3544:Smendes
3444:Twosret
3434:Seti II
3278:female)
3263:Dynasty
3159:Rahotep
3056:Semenre
3026:Djehuti
3008:Khamudi
2997:Yanassi
2980:Salitis
2932:Yakareb
2925:Khamure
2856:Sehebre
2778:Merkare
2426:Intef I
2365:Dynasty
2274:Imhotep
2234:Iytjenu
2220:Khuiqer
2132:Menkare
2083:Neferka
2067:Pepi II
1989:Userkaf
1883:Sanakht
1706:Anedjib
1686:Hor-Aha
1619:Iry-Hor
1613:Shendjw
1585:Pen-Abu
1469:Hat-Hor
1391:Dynasty
992:Manetho
907:of the
862:mastaba
852:. Like
718:Sanakht
697:Deshret
687:in the
658:Manetho
595:Saqqara
581:in the
575:Manetho
545:pharaoh
521:Dynasty
506: ?
495: ?
484: ?
478:Consort
349:Ḏsr-ttj
87:Sanakht
48:Pharaoh
4836:Argead
4683:Probus
4603:Decius
4598:Philip
4473:Trajan
4201:Argead
4110:Muthis
4063:XXVIII
4043:Xerxes
3911:female
3889:Period
3598:Piankh
3569:Siamun
3439:Siptah
3414:Seti I
3254:Period
3206:Kamose
3140:Snaaib
3110:Abydos
2966:Semqen
2959:Sharek
2911:Sheneh
2891:'Apepi
2886:Bebnum
2841:Nehesy
2661:Sebkay
2581:Sonbef
2378:female
2356:Period
2167:Nikare
2057:Pepi I
1994:Sahure
1947:Khafre
1932:Snefru
1901:Sedjes
1873:Djoser
1799:Senedj
1677:Narmer
1636:Narmer
1518:Wazner
1483:Hsekiu
1455:Ny-Hor
1404:female
1382:Period
1235:
1210:
1189:
1168:
1147:
1115:
1055:
1030:
1009:
939:serdab
905:Room 4
890:mortar
846:Meidum
842:cubits
751:Family
714:Djoser
702:copper
693:Hedjet
587:Djoser
571:Tyreis
543:king (
511:Burial
500:Mother
489:Father
421:Ḏsr-tj
77:Djoser
4689:Carus
4468:Nerva
4458:Titus
4436:Galba
4403:XXXIV
4388:Roman
4167:Arses
4094:Hakor
4013:XXVII
3723:XXIII
3313:XVIII
3273:(male
3003:Apepi
2991:Khyan
2904:Wazad
2672:Wegaf
2606:Iufni
2460:Nubia
2268:Setut
2090:Nefer
1937:Khufu
1895:Khaba
1889:Nebka
1753:Nebra
1681:Menes
1640:Menes
1592:Stork
1555:Upper
1511:Neheb
1504:Thesh
1490:Khayu
1439:Lower
650:]
609:Reign
569:name
91:Khaba
55:Reign
4522:Geta
4441:Otho
4431:Nero
4149:XXXI
4134:Teos
4081:XXIX
3946:XXVI
3931:Late
3908:male
3868:Late
3821:Piye
3790:XXIV
3696:Pami
3646:XXII
3235:and
3151:XVII
2897:Nuya
2566:XIII
2375:male
2337:and
2227:Khui
2124:VIII
2047:Teti
2029:Unas
1914:Huni
1716:Qa'a
1696:Djet
1691:Djer
1599:Bull
1578:Fish
1544:Wash
1525:Mekh
1401:male
1233:ISBN
1208:ISBN
1187:ISBN
1166:ISBN
1145:ISBN
1113:ISBN
1053:ISBN
1028:ISBN
1007:ISBN
897:gold
786:Tomb
716:and
704:and
619:Teti
579:Teti
573:(by
277:Teti
4121:XXX
3870:to
3813:XXV
3536:XXI
3401:XIX
3018:XVI
2798:XIV
2646:Hor
2487:XII
2120:VII
1865:III
1701:Den
1497:Tiu
1363:to
1227:(=
1139:(=
637:),
605:).
593:at
280:ttj
4871::
4831:31
4826:30
4821:27
4816:26
4811:25
4806:24
4796:20
4791:19
4786:18
4781:12
4776:11
3454:XX
3386:Ay
2950:XV
2413:XI
2245:IX
2039:VI
1924:IV
1764:Ba
1740:II
1679:/
1638:/
1624:Ka
1476:Pu
1124:^
901:in
864:.
838:ft
782:.
724:.
652:,
648:de
64:c.
4771:4
4767:3
4764:2
4760:1
2285:X
2122:/
1981:V
1669:I
1564:A
1532:A
1340:e
1333:t
1326:v
1013:.
812:.
633:(
601:(
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