242:. Though she remained in the royal household, her position was less prominent. When Sekgoma took ill, she became his nurse, though that created further conflict, as his sisters favored treatment by Tswana healers, rather than European physicians. When he died in 1925, Semane was accused of causing his death through poisoning and witchcraft and narrowly escaped being lynched.
46:
195:. Ratshosa picked Semane because of her commitment to Christianity and teaching, believing that she would be a modern role model for BaNgwato women. Khama had previously been married three times, divorcing one wife and being widowed twice. In 1900, Semane became his fourth wife and the couple would have five children, though only two a daughter, Bonyerile, and a son,
249:
for
Sekgoma's son, Seretse. She had hoped he would be able to finish his education before becoming regent. Under his regency, she gained popularity and became a significant factor for pushing the levels of women's education and their political activism. In 1930, she formed a branch of the
258:
and encouraged her son in his efforts to ban alcohol. She also supported his marriage in 1936 to
Bagakgametse, who would be accused the following year of poisoning and witchcraft related to Semane's death. An autopsy confirmed there was no evidence of poisoning.
175:. The school was established in Phalatswe in 1894 and was the first formal education offered to the BaNgwato. Students studied arithmetic, domestic sciences, drawing, geography, music, reading, sewing and writing. When Young left in 1898, she was followed by
233:
and attempted to outlaw consumption of liquor. As a senior deaconess in the church, she pressed for women to join the church, teaching them to become instructors for other women and girls. Her husband died in 1923 and was succeeded by his son,
267:
The roots of political involvement by women's church groups and "still fractious politics of temperance in
Botswana" can still be traced to Semane and her influence. She is remembered as a pioneer in the educational development of Botswana.
138:
continued to press for education for the BaNgwato. A proponent of modern medicine, she was influential in bringing modern midwifery to the area. As a devout
Christian, she encouraged women's involvement in the church and the
183:. From the age of 16, Semane assisted Young in the instruction of music and needlework, and by the time she completed her teacher training she was able to teach all the courses offered at the school.
218:. She was one of the first educated women to press for educational development among the BaNgwato and "made a significant contribution" to Botsawana's education system. As an advocate of
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Though a commoner, and not approved of by many BaNgwato because of her status, Semane was selected by Bessie
Ratshosa to marry her father
758:
245:
Against her wishes, Semane's son, Tshekedi, was unable to finish his schooling, as he was called home by the village elders to become
753:
630:
561:
748:
583:
The
Botswana Kgotla System: A mechanism for Traditional Conflict Resolution in modern Botswana. Case study of the Kanye Kgotla
484:
768:
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172:
131:
36:
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549:
123:
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215:
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723:
621:. African Historical Dictionaries No. 70 (3rd ed.). Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. pp.
687:
533:"Missionary Wives, Women and Education: The Development of Literacy among the Batswana 1840–1937"
176:
28:
643:
Little Giant of
Bechuanaland: A Biography of William Charles Willoughby, Missionary and Scholar
164:
699:
672:
662:
647:
626:
622:
553:
488:
478:
160:
96:
219:
646:. Gaborone, Botswana: Botswana Society, Botswana National Archives and Records Services.
613:
Ramsay, Jeff; Morton, Barry; Morton, Fred (1996). "Khama, Semane
Setlhoko (1881-1937)".
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196:
152:
103:
70:
45:
717:
615:
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of the BaNgwato. She attended missionary school, studying under Alice Young of the
16:
Mohumagadi (queen or queen mother) of the BaNgwato of the
Bechuanaland Protectorate
641:
134:. Educated in a missionary school, she became a teacher and upon her marriage to
511:
690:. In Akyeampong, Emmanuel Kwaku; Gates, Henry Louis; Niven, Steven J. (eds.).
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32:
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Semane continued to instruct students at the school run by Sharp at
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Semane daughter of
Setlhoko was born in 1881 in the area where the
229:
Semane and Khama III, as Christians, promoted their faith to the
397:
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210:, the traditional tribal meeting place. One of her students,
420:
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301:
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664:
Historical Dictionary of Women in Sub-Saharan Africa
480:
One Thousand Languages: Living, Endangered, and Lost
109:
95:
85:
77:
55:
21:
614:
448:
436:
504:"Sir Seretse Khama - first President of Botswana"
8:
580:Moumakwa, Piwane Constance (Autumn 2010).
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44:
18:
739:Woman's Christian Temperance Union people
424:
401:
305:
362:
179:, who ran both the regular school and a
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281:
460:
350:
329:
317:
222:, she was also involved in spreading
7:
688:"Khama, Semane Setlhoko (1881-1937)"
374:
167:peoples, who had traditionally been
159:valley. She was a descendant of the
238:, a child of his first marriage to
667:(2nd ed.). Lanham, Maryland:
252:Woman's Christian Temperance Union
141:Woman's Christian Temperance Union
113:Educator, modern medicine advocate
14:
617:Historical Dictionary of Botswana
734:Bechuanaland Protectorate people
449:Ramsay, Morton & Morton 1996
437:Ramsay, Morton & Morton 1996
214:, was later to become the first
692:Dictionary of African Biography
686:Van Allen, Judith Imel (2012).
31:(queen or queen mother) of the
485:University of California Press
226:practices among the BaNgwato.
122:(1881–1937) was a mohumagadi (
1:
774:20th-century Botswana people
589:(master's). Tromsø, Norway:
508:BBC – Radio 4 Making History
81:1937 (aged 55–56)
59:Semane daughter of Setlhoko
795:
661:Sheldon, Kathleen (2016).
502:Cook, Sue (22 July 2010).
759:Botswana health activists
640:Rutherford, John (2009).
548:(1). Gaborone, Botswana:
206:and at the school at the
173:London Missionary Society
132:Bechuanaland Protectorate
43:
37:Bechuanaland Protectorate
26:
754:Botswana women activists
669:Rowman & Littlefield
483:. Berkeley, California:
256:Women's Regiment of Beer
696:Oxford University Press
749:20th-century educators
694:. New York, New York:
550:University of Botswana
531:Mgadla, P. T. (1997).
477:Austin, Peter (2008).
199:, survived childhood.
216:President of Botswana
120:Semane Setlhoko Khama
22:Semane Setlhoko Khama
698:. pp. 355–356.
591:University of Tromsø
769:Botswana Christians
439:, pp. 116–117.
404:, pp. 355–356.
764:Botswana educators
320:, pp. 73, 79.
705:978-0-19-538207-5
678:978-1-4422-6293-5
653:978-99912-488-1-3
600:on 16 August 2017
494:978-0-520-25560-9
332:, pp. 73–74.
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593:. Archived from
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560:. Archived from
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514:. Archived from
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744:Botswana chiefs
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220:modern medicine
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130:Kingdom in the
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463:, p. 102.
453:
451:, p. 116.
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427:, p. 356.
425:Van Allen 2012
406:
402:Van Allen 2012
391:
389:, p. 147.
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355:
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308:, p. 355.
306:Van Allen 2012
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153:Tswapong Hills
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104:Tshekedi Khama
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71:Tswapong Hills
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50:Semane in 1933
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363:Moumakwa 2010
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254:known as the
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212:Seretse Khama
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602:. Retrieved
595:the original
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569:. Retrieved
562:the original
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520:. Retrieved
516:the original
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479:
470:Bibliography
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387:Sheldon 2016
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370:
365:, p. 3.
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124:queen mother
119:
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27:
729:1937 deaths
724:1881 births
604:25 February
571:25 February
522:25 February
512:BBC Radio 4
461:Austin 2008
351:Mgadla 1997
330:Mgadla 1997
318:Mgadla 1997
718:Categories
510:. London:
272:References
236:Sekgoma II
187:Later life
177:Ella Sharp
155:meets the
147:Early life
110:Occupation
73:, Botswana
29:Mohumagadi
558:0256-2316
552:: 70–81.
375:Cook 2010
277:Citations
224:midwifery
193:Khama III
165:Ba-Seleka
136:Khama III
126:) of the
101:Bonyerile
90:Khama III
240:Mma-Besi
231:BaNgwato
197:Tshekedi
163:and the
161:Ba-Birwa
128:BaNgwato
33:BaNgwato
169:vassals
63: (
35:of the
702:
675:
650:
629:
625:-117.
556:
491:
263:Legacy
247:regent
208:Kgotla
204:Serowe
86:Spouse
598:(PDF)
587:(PDF)
565:(PDF)
536:(PDF)
97:Issue
700:ISBN
673:ISBN
648:ISBN
627:ISBN
606:2020
573:2020
554:ISSN
541:Pula
524:2020
489:ISBN
78:Died
65:1881
61:1881
56:Born
623:116
720::
671:.
546:11
544:.
538:.
506:.
487:.
409:^
394:^
337:^
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